UCL - SSS/IREC/MIRO - Pôle d'imagerie moléculaire, radiothérapie et oncologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service de radiothérapie oncologique, Lieverse, Relinde I Y, Van Limbergen, Evert J, Oberije, Cary J G, Troost, Esther G C, Hadrup, Sine R, Dingemans, Anne-Marie C, Hendriks, Lizza E L, Eckert, Franziska, Hiley, Crispin, Dooms, Christophe, Lievens, Yolande, de Jong, Monique C, Bussink, Johan, Geets, Xavier, Valentini, Vincenzo, Elia, Giuliano, Neri, Dario, Billiet, Charlotte, Abdollahi, Amir, Pasquier, David, Boisselier, Pierre, Yaromina, Ala, De Ruysscher, Dirk, Dubois, Ludwig J, Lambin, Philippe, UCL - SSS/IREC/MIRO - Pôle d'imagerie moléculaire, radiothérapie et oncologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service de radiothérapie oncologique, Lieverse, Relinde I Y, Van Limbergen, Evert J, Oberije, Cary J G, Troost, Esther G C, Hadrup, Sine R, Dingemans, Anne-Marie C, Hendriks, Lizza E L, Eckert, Franziska, Hiley, Crispin, Dooms, Christophe, Lievens, Yolande, de Jong, Monique C, Bussink, Johan, Geets, Xavier, Valentini, Vincenzo, Elia, Giuliano, Neri, Dario, Billiet, Charlotte, Abdollahi, Amir, Pasquier, David, Boisselier, Pierre, Yaromina, Ala, De Ruysscher, Dirk, Dubois, Ludwig J, and Lambin, Philippe
BACKGROUND: About 50% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients have metastatic disease at initial diagnosis, which limits their treatment options and, consequently, the 5-year survival rate (15%). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), either alone or in combination with chemotherapy, have become standard of care (SOC) for most good performance status patients. However, most patients will not obtain long-term benefit and new treatment strategies are therefore needed. We previously demonstrated clinical safety of the tumour-selective immunocytokine L19-IL2, consisting of the anti-ED-B scFv L19 antibody coupled to IL2, combined with stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR). METHODS: This investigator-initiated, multicentric, randomised controlled open-label phase II clinical trial will test the hypothesis that the combination of SABR and L19-IL2 increases progression free survival (PFS) in patients with limited metastatic NSCLC. One hundred twenty-six patients will be stratified according to their metastatic load (oligo-metastatic: ≤5 or poly-metastatic: 6 to 10) and randomised to the experimental-arm (E-arm) or the control-arm (C-arm). The C-arm will receive SOC, according to the local protocol. E-arm oligo-metastatic patients will receive SABR to all lesions followed by L19-IL2 therapy; radiotherapy for poly-metastatic patients consists of irradiation of one (symptomatic) to a maximum of 5 lesions (including ICI in both arms if this is the SOC). The accrual period will be 2.5-years, starting after the first centre is initiated and active. Primary endpoint is PFS at 1.5-years based on blinded radiological review, and secondary endpoints are overall survival, toxicity, quality of life and abscopal response. Associative biomarker studies, immune monitoring, CT-based radiomics, stool collection, iRECIST and tumour growth rate will be performed. DISCUSSION: The combination of SABR with or without ICI and the immunocytokine L19-IL2 will be tested as 1st, 2nd or 3rd li