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Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity and characterized by progressive development during growth, and eventually to a curvature of the spine greater than 10 degrees on the posteroanterior radiograph. AIS usually does not present symptoms in early age, which makes the diagnosis and treatment of these patients difficult. Thus, a follow-up observation of all suspicious AIS patients becomes very important to monitor the progression of spinal cord deformity. Telerehabilitation is a new type of rehabilitation, which links the professional physiotherapists and the patients through telecommunication and information technology. Telerehabilitation can be synchronous (through any device real-time connection between patients and therapists), asynchronous (computer-based intervention for remote monitoring by the physiotherapists and offline adjustments), or a combination of both. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused medical health care system chaos and affected seriously the ongoing disease management in many countries. Telerehabilitation can reduce the spreading risk of COVID-19, the cost of face-to-face rehabilitation service, the pressure on the staff, and the financial burden on the patients. In this review, we briefly describe the development of telerehabilitation, its current status and related technologies, and its application in clinical practice of AIS. In addition, we discussed the limitations of the current telerehabilitation and its future prospection. We believe that telerehabilitation could provide high quality rehabilitation service to the patients, thus becoming the mainstream of rehabilitation to the population of AIS.

Background: In the clinic, patients with endoprosthetic knee replacement for bone tumour generally experience loss of neuromuscular control and body balance, which consequently affects knee function and quality of life. Active physical exercise (APE) has been proven to be effective in rehabilitation. However, in the literature, no systematic study has been performed to make a general guideline of APE training on the patients. Methods: A total number of 528 patients who have had endoprosthetic knee replacement for tumour resection was collected from July 2009 to December 2016. After operation, the patients were randomly attributed to rehabilitation of either APE training or conventional continuous passive motion (CPM) for six months. The APE training was specific for patients with a bone tumour on the distal femur (APE-F) and the proximal tibia (APE-T), and the whole training was divided into three stages with different training items and training intensity which was progressively increased with limited intensity in terms of metabolic equivalent (MET) level for each stage. For each individual patient, the APE training intensity was personal based on personal basic MET. The patients were followed up for five years for regular assessments of functional knee recovery and quality of life. Findings: Both APE training and CPM training induced significant improvements in functional knee recovery and quality of life throughout the whole period of follow-up. Nevertheless, the improvements were more significant in patients following APE training than in that following CPM training (APE-F vs. CPM-F and APE-T vs. CPM-T). Additionally, the specific APE training induced significantly better functional knee recovery throughout the whole five-year of follow-up, and quality of life in the first six-month post-operation in patients of APE-F than in that of APE-T. In contrast, the CPM training induced significantly better improvements in both functional knee recovery and quality of lif

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity and characterized by progressive development during growth, and eventually to a curvature of the spine greater than 10 degrees on the posteroanterior radiograph. AIS usually does not present symptoms in early age, which makes the diagnosis and treatment of these patients difficult. Thus, a follow-up observation of all suspicious AIS patients becomes very important to monitor the progression of spinal cord deformity. Telerehabilitation is a new type of rehabilitation, which links the professional physiotherapists and the patients through telecommunication and information technology. Telerehabilitation can be synchronous (through any device real-time connection between patients and therapists), asynchronous (computer-based intervention for remote monitoring by the physiotherapists and offline adjustments), or a combination of both. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused medical health care system chaos and affected seriously the ongoing disease management in many countries. Telerehabilitation can reduce the spreading risk of COVID-19, the cost of face-to-face rehabilitation service, the pressure on the staff, and the financial burden on the patients. In this review, we briefly describe the development of telerehabilitation, its current status and related technologies, and its application in clinical practice of AIS. In addition, we discussed the limitations of the current telerehabilitation and its future prospection. We believe that telerehabilitation could provide high quality rehabilitation service to the patients, thus becoming the mainstream of rehabilitation to the population of AIS.

Objectives: To explore whether active physical exercise (APE) is more effective than conventional continuous passive motion (CPM) in improving functional knee recovery and quality of life without increasing the risk of complication in patients with endoprosthetic knee replacement for bone tumor. Methods: Six hundred and fourteen patients were enrolled and allocated to either APE or CPM for 6 months. APE was specific for patients with bone tumors on the distal femur (APE-F) and proximal tibia (APE-T), whereas CPM was similar to both types of patients (CPM-F and CPM-T). APE for both APE-F and APE-T patients was started on the second post-operation day, and CPM was initiated on the second post-procedure day in CPM-F patients, and in the seventh post-procedure week in CPM-T patients. The 6-month APE training consisted of three stages with training intensity progressively increasing though limited within a range of metabolic equivalent (MET) on each stage. Training intensity was individualized based on personal basic MET. The patients were followed up for 5 years for regular assessments of functional knee recovery, quality of life, and rate of complications. Results: APE-F and APE-T patients presented with significantly better results in functional knee recovery and quality of life in comparison with CPM-F and CPM-T patients, respectively. In addition, APE-T patients reached a similar level of quality of life as APE-F patients 6-month post-operation, whereas CPM-T patients reached a similar level of quality of life as CPM-F patients 3 years after the procedure. Nevertheless, APE training did not induce a higher incidence of complications than CPM training. Conclusions: APE training was more effective in improving functional knee recovery and quality of life without increasing the risk of complications than CPM training, thus, being strongly recommended to the patients for post-operation rehabilitation.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity and characterized by progressive development during growth, and eventually to a curvature of the spine greater than 10 degrees on the posteroanterior radiograph. AIS usually does not present symptoms in early age, which makes the diagnosis and treatment of these patients difficult. Thus, a follow-up observation of all suspicious AIS patients becomes very important to monitor the progression of spinal cord deformity. Telerehabilitation is a new type of rehabilitation, which links the professional physiotherapists and the patients through telecommunication and information technology. Telerehabilitation can be synchronous (through any device real-time connection between patients and therapists), asynchronous (computer-based intervention for remote monitoring by the physiotherapists and offline adjustments), or a combination of both. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused medical health care system chaos and affected seriously the ongoing disease management in many countries. Telerehabilitation can reduce the spreading risk of COVID-19, the cost of face-to-face rehabilitation service, the pressure on the staff, and the financial burden on the patients. In this review, we briefly describe the development of telerehabilitation, its current status and related technologies, and its application in clinical practice of AIS. In addition, we discussed the limitations of the current telerehabilitation and its future prospection. We believe that telerehabilitation could provide high quality rehabilitation service to the patients, thus becoming the mainstream of rehabilitation to the population of AIS.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity and characterized by progressive development during growth, and eventually to a curvature of the spine greater than 10 degrees on the posteroanterior radiograph. AIS usually does not present symptoms in early age, which makes the diagnosis and treatment of these patients difficult. Thus, a follow-up observation of all suspicious AIS patients becomes very important to monitor the progression of spinal cord deformity. Telerehabilitation is a new type of rehabilitation, which links the professional physiotherapists and the patients through telecommunication and information technology. Telerehabilitation can be synchronous (through any device real-time connection between patients and therapists), asynchronous (computer-based intervention for remote monitoring by the physiotherapists and offline adjustments), or a combination of both. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused medical health care system chaos and affected seriously the ongoing disease management in many countries. Telerehabilitation can reduce the spreading risk of COVID-19, the cost of face-to-face rehabilitation service, the pressure on the staff, and the financial burden on the patients. In this review, we briefly describe the development of telerehabilitation, its current status and related technologies, and its application in clinical practice of AIS. In addition, we discussed the limitations of the current telerehabilitation and its future prospection. We believe that telerehabilitation could provide high quality rehabilitation service to the patients, thus becoming the mainstream of rehabilitation to the population of AIS.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity and characterized by progressive development during growth, and eventually to a curvature of the spine greater than 10 degrees on the posteroanterior radiograph. AIS usually does not present symptoms in early age, which makes the diagnosis and treatment of these patients difficult. Thus, a follow-up observation of all suspicious AIS patients becomes very important to monitor the progression of spinal cord deformity. Telerehabilitation is a new type of rehabilitation, which links the professional physiotherapists and the patients through telecommunication and information technology. Telerehabilitation can be synchronous (through any device real-time connection between patients and therapists), asynchronous (computer-based intervention for remote monitoring by the physiotherapists and offline adjustments), or a combination of both. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused medical health care system chaos and affected seriously the ongoing disease management in many countries. Telerehabilitation can reduce the spreading risk of COVID-19, the cost of face-to-face rehabilitation service, the pressure on the staff, and the financial burden on the patients. In this review, we briefly describe the development of telerehabilitation, its current status and related technologies, and its application in clinical practice of AIS. In addition, we discussed the limitations of the current telerehabilitation and its future prospection. We believe that telerehabilitation could provide high quality rehabilitation service to the patients, thus becoming the mainstream of rehabilitation to the population of AIS.

Ning Du,1 En-Qiang Mao,2 Zhi-Tao Yang,2 Hong-Ping Qu,3 Xian Qian,4 Ying Shi,5 Xiao-Lan Bian,6 Juan He,6,* Er-Zhen Chen2,* 1National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 2Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shaoxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Er-Zhen Chen, Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Email chenerzhen@hotmail.com Juan He, Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Email hejuanwin@126.comPurpose: Infection with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a great challenge. Central nervous system (CNS) infection caused by CRKP is rarely reported, and effective treatment is limited. Thus, this study aimed to assess intrathecal (IT) or intraventricular (IVT) injection of tigecycline for clearing infection with CRKP in CNS.Patients and Methods: Two patients who had intracranial infection with CRKP after craniotomy were treated in our institution and analyzed retrospectively, summar

We experimentally demonstrate that addition of small, charge-neutral polymers to a buffer solution can promote compression of dilute solutions of single electrophoresing DNA. This phenomenon contrasts with the observed extension of DNA during capillary electrophoresis in dilute solutions of high molecular weight polymers. We propose these discrepancies in micron-scale DNA configurations arise from different nano-scale DNA-polymer collision events, controlled by solute polymer properties. We build upon theories previously proposed for intermolecular DNA aggregation in polymer-free solutions to develop scaling theories that describe trends seen in our data for intramolecular DNA compaction in dilute polymer solutions., National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant 1335938), Singapore. National Research Foundation (Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology)

Let-7 miRNAs act as tumour suppressors by directly binding to the 3'UTRs of downstream gene products. The regulatory role of let-7 in downstream gene expression has gained much interest in the cancer research community, as it controls multiple biological functions and determines cell fates. For example, one target of the let-7 family is cyclin D1, which promotes G0/S cell cycle progression and oncogenesis, was correlated with endoribonuclease DICER1, another target of let-7. Down-regulated let-7 has been identified in many types of tumours, suggesting a feedback loop may exist between let-7 and cyclin D1. A potential player in the proposed feedback relationship is Dicer, a central regulator of miRNA expression through sequence-specific silencing. We first identified that DICER1 is the key downstream gene for cyclin D1-induced let-7 expression. In addition, we found that let-7 miRNAs expression decreased because of the p53-induced cell death response, with deregulated cyclin D1. Our results also showed that cyclin D1 is required for Nutlin-3 and TAX-induced let-7 expression in cancer repression and the cell death response. For the first time, we provide evidence that let-7 and cyclin D1 form a feedback loop in regulating therapy response of cancer cells and cancer stem cells, and importantly, that alteration of let-7 expression, mainly caused by cyclin D1, is a sensitive indicator for better chemotherapies response.

We experimentally study the effects of a uniform electric field on the conformation of single DNA molecules. We demonstrate that a moderate electric field (~200 V/cm) strongly compresses isolated DNA polymer coils into isotropic globules. Insight into the nature of these compressed states is gained by following the expansion of the molecules back to equilibrium after halting the electric field. We observe two distinct types of expansion modes: a continuous molecular expansion analogous to a compressed spring expanding, and a much slower expansion characterized by two long-lived metastable states. Fluorescence microscopy and stretching experiments reveal that the metastable states are the result of intramolecular self-entanglements induced by the electric field. These results have broad importance in DNA separations and single molecule genomics, polymer rheology, and DNA-based nanofabrication., National Science Foundation (U.S.) (grant CBET-0852235), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology

A theory of the photodetachment of hydrogen negative ions in an external static electric field with the production of hydrogen in excited states is developed. We use a combination of the frame-transformation theory and the Green’s-function method. The cross section in nonzero fields is expressed in terms of the photodetachment matrix elements for zero field. The latter are calculated using the adiabatic hyperspherical representation. For energies close to the threshold we use a smooth extrapolation of the zero-field photodetachment matrix elements down to threshold taking care to enforce the proper threshold behavior of cross sections for nonzero fields. The ripples in the total cross section due to interference effects are not noticeable for incident photons linearly polarized along the static field direction, but are relatively well pronounced for the case of circularly polarized photons propagating along the static field. On the other hand, all partial cross sections corresponding to photodetached electrons having magnetic quantum number m’=0 (with respect to a quantization axis parallel to the static electric field) show significant ripple structure regardless of the light polarization. The partial cross section for detachment with excitation of the n=2, m=1 Stark substate by circularly polarized photons exhibits a particularly distinct ripple structure. All cross sections in the region of the shape resonance increase with increasing electric field in accordance with experimental observations. This effect is stronger in the case of linear polarization. We also predict a fairly stable value for the width of the 1P0 shape resonance as a function of the electric-field strength over the range from 0.4 to 1 MV/cm. For electric-field strengths below 0.4 MV/cm, the ripple structure in the shape resonance makes it difficult to define a resonance width.