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35 results on '"Dodd E"'

1. The 33 M$_\odot$ black hole Gaia BH3 is part of the disrupted ED-2 star cluster

Author

Balbinot, E., Dodd, E., Matsuno, T., Lardo, C., Helmi, A., Panuzzo, P., Mazeh, T., Holl, B., Caffau, E., Jorissen, A., Babusiaux, C., Gavras, P., Wyrzykowski, L., Eyer, L., Leclerc, N., Bombrun, A., Mowlavi, N., Seabroke, G. M., Teyssier, D., Cabrera-Ziri, I., Callingham, T. M., Ruiz-Lara, T., Starkenburg, E., Balbinot, E., Dodd, E., Matsuno, T., Lardo, C., Helmi, A., Panuzzo, P., Mazeh, T., Holl, B., Caffau, E., Jorissen, A., Babusiaux, C., Gavras, P., Wyrzykowski, L., Eyer, L., Leclerc, N., Bombrun, A., Mowlavi, N., Seabroke, G. M., Teyssier, D., Cabrera-Ziri, I., Callingham, T. M., Ruiz-Lara, T., and Starkenburg, E.

Abstract

The Gaia Collaboration has recently reported the detection of a 33 M$_\odot$ black hole in a wide binary system located in the Solar neighbourhood. Here we explore the relationship between this black hole, known as Gaia BH3, and the nearby ED-2 halo stellar stream. We study the orbital characteristics of the Gaia BH3 binary and present measurements of the chemical abundances of ED-2 member stars derived from high-resolution spectra obtained with the VLT. We find that the Galactic orbit of the Gaia BH3 system and its metallicity are entirely consistent with being part of the ED-2 stream. The characteristics of the stream, particularly its negligible spread in metallicity and in other chemical elements as well as its single stellar population, suggest that it originated from a disrupted star cluster of low mass. Its age is comparable to that of the globular cluster M92 that has been estimated to be as old as the Universe. This is the first black hole unambiguously associated with a disrupted star cluster. We infer a plausible mass range for the cluster to be relatively narrow, between $2\times 10^3M_\odot$ and $4.2\times 10^4M_\odot$. This implies that the black hole could have formed directly from the collapse of a massive very-metal-poor star, but that the alternative scenario of binary interactions inside the cluster environment also deserves to be explored., Comment: Submitted to A&A Letters

Published
2024

2. ED-2: a cold but not so narrow stellar stream crossing the Solar neighbourhood

Author

Balbinot, E., Helmi, A., Callingham, T., Matsuno, T., Dodd, E., Ruiz-Lara, T., Balbinot, E., Helmi, A., Callingham, T., Matsuno, T., Dodd, E., and Ruiz-Lara, T.

Abstract

ED-2 is a stellar stream identified as a compact group in integrals of motion space in a local sample of halo stars from the third Gaia data release. Here we investigate its nature and possible association with known halo substructures. We explore the current properties of ED-2 members in phase-space, and also analyse the expected distribution via orbit integration. In addition, we study the metallicity of ED-2 using APOGEE DR17 and LAMOST DR8 (and re-calibrated DR3). ED-2 forms a compact group in the $x-z$ (or $R-z$) plane, showing a pancake-like structure as it crosses the Solar neighbourhood. Dynamically it is most similar the globular clusters NGC 3201 and NGC 6101, and the stellar stream Ylgr and Phlegethon. However, its orbit is sufficiently different that none of these objects is likely to be ED-2's progenitor. We also find ED-2 to be quite metal-poor, with all of its stars $\mathrm{[Fe/H]} \leq -2.42$, with a median $\mathrm{[Fe/H]} = -2.60^{+0.20}_{-0.21}$. At this low metallicity, it is unlikely that ED-2 stems from any known globular cluster, instead, ED-2 seems to be in a similar category as the recently discovered Phoenix and C-19 stellar streams. We find that ED-2 members are scattered across the whole sky, which is due to its current orbital phase. We predict that as this object moves to its next apocentre it will acquire an on-sky morphology that is akin to cold stellar streams. Finally, since ED-2 is nearing pericentre, we predict that additional members found below the plane should have large radial velocities, close to $\sim$ 500 km/s in the present-day direction of the globular cluster NGC 6101., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A; animated Figure 6 available here https://youtu.be/B6UzryhfrHY

Published
2023
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3. The Importance of Partnership in the Rollout of Triple-Drug Therapy to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis in the Pacific

Author

Rainima-Qaniuci, M, Lepaitai, HB, Bhagirov, R, Padmasiri, E, Naseri, T, Thomsen, R, Won, KY, Brant, TA, Dodd, E, Nua, MT, Utu, F, Tufa, A, Chutaro, E, Camacho, J, Suiaunoa-Scanlan, L, Thean, LJ, Mani, J, Hardy, M, Samuela, J, Romani, L, Kaldor, J, Steer, AC, Faktaufon, D, Bechu, V, Naqio, F, Sosene, V, Sekihara, M, Otaki, J, Buhagiar, TS, Yajima, A, Rainima-Qaniuci, M, Lepaitai, HB, Bhagirov, R, Padmasiri, E, Naseri, T, Thomsen, R, Won, KY, Brant, TA, Dodd, E, Nua, MT, Utu, F, Tufa, A, Chutaro, E, Camacho, J, Suiaunoa-Scanlan, L, Thean, LJ, Mani, J, Hardy, M, Samuela, J, Romani, L, Kaldor, J, Steer, AC, Faktaufon, D, Bechu, V, Naqio, F, Sosene, V, Sekihara, M, Otaki, J, Buhagiar, TS, and Yajima, A

Abstract

We discuss the experience of some Pacific island countries in introducing the new WHO-recommended treatment protocol for lymphatic filariasis-a triple-drug therapy composed of ivermectin, diethylcarbamazine, and albendazole. The successful rollout of the new treatment protocol was dependent on strong partnerships among these countries' ministries of health, WHO, and other stakeholders. Effective communication among these partners allowed for lessons learned to cross borders and have a positive impact on the experiences of other countries. We also describe various challenges confronted during this process and the ways these countries overcame them.

Published
2022

8. Estimated GFR and the Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering after Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Author

Fischer R., Gama G., Fonseca L., Moreira G., Veloso L.M., Pinheiro D., Paredes L., Rozeira C., Gregorio T., Segura Martin T., Ayo O., Garcia-Garcia J., Feria Vilar I., Gomez Fernandez I., Amaro S., Urra X., Obach V., Cervera A., Silva Y., Serena J., Castellanos M., Terceno M., Van Eendenburg C., Weck A., Findling O., Ludi R., Warburton E.A., Day D., Butler N., Bumanlag E., Caine S., Steele A., Osborn M., Dodd E., Murphy P., Esisi B., Brown E., Hayman R., Baliga V.K.V., Minphone M., Kennedy J., Reckless I., Pope G., Teal R., Michael K., Manawadu D., Kalra L., Lewis R., Mistry B., Cattermole E., Hassan A., Mandizvidza L., Bamford J., Brooks H., Bedford C., Whiting R., Baines P., Hussain M., Harvey M., Fotherby K., McBride S., Bourke P., Morgan D., Jennings-Preece K., Price C., Huntley S., Riddell V.E., Storey G., Lakey R.L., Subramanian G., Jenkinson D., Kwan J., David O., Tiwari D., James M., Keenan S., Eastwood H., Shaw L., Kaye P., Button D., Madigan B., Williamson D., Dixit A., Davis J., Hossain M.O., Ford G.A., Parry-Jones A., O'Loughlin V., Jarapa R., Naing Z., Lovelock C., O'Reilly J., Khan U., Bhalla A., Rudd A., Birns J., Werring D.J., Law R., Perry R., Jones I., Erande R., Roffe C., Natarajan I., Ahmad N., Finney K., Lucas J., Mistri A., Eveson D., Marsh R., Haunton V., Fugate J.E., Lepore S.W., Zheng D., Sato S., Arima H., Heeley E., Delcourt C., Cao Y., Chalmers J., Anderson C.S., Davis S., Huang Y., Lavados P., Neal B., Parsons M.W., Lindley R., Morgenstern L., Robinson T., Stapf C., Tzourio C., Wang J.G., Chen S., Chen X.Y., Cui L., Liu Z., Lu C., Wang J., Wu S., Xu E., Yang Q., Zhang C., Zhang J., Beer R., Schmutzhard E., Redondo P., Kaste M., Soinne L., Tatlisumak T., Wartenberg K., Ricci S., Klijn K., Azevedo E., Chamorro A., Arnold M., Fischer U., Kaul S., Pandian J., Boyini H., Singh S., Rabinstein A.A., Estol C., Silva G., Olavarria V.V., Robinson T.G., Simes R.J., Bousser M.-G., Hankey G., Jamrozik K., Johnston S.C., Li S., Bailey K., Cheung T., Chintapatla S., Ducasse E., Erho T., Hata J., Holder B., Knight E., Leroux M., Sasse T., Odgers E., Walsh R., Wolfowicz Z., Chen G., Fuentes S., Peng B., Schneble H.-M., Wang M.-X., Billot L., Heritier S., Li Q., Woodward M., Abimbola S., Anderson S., Chan E., Cheng G., Chmielnik P., Leighton S., Liu J.-Y., Rasmussen B., Saxena A., Tripathy S., Armenis M., Baig M.A., Naidu B., Starzec G., Steley S., Moles A., Ruiz A., Zimmermann M., Marinho J., Alves S., Angelim R., Araujo J., Kawakami L., Bustos C., Gonzalez F., Munoz Venturelli P., Chen X., Jia R., Li N., Qu S., Shu Y., Song A., Sun J., Xiao J., Zhao Y., Huang Q., Vicaut E., Chamam A., Viaud M.-C., Dert C., Fiedler U., Jovis V., Kabla S., Marchand S., Pena A., Mallikarjuna K., Hasan N., Berge E., Sandset E.C., Forarsveen A.S., Richardson D., Kumar T., Lewin S., Poulter N., Field J., Anjum A., Wilson A., Perelmuter H., Agarie A.M., Barboza A.G., Recchia L.A., Miranda I.F., Rauek S.G., Duplessis R.J., Dewey H., Walker L., Petrolo S., Bladin C., Sturm J., Crimmins D., Griffiths D., Schutz A., Zenteno V., Miteff F., Spratt N., Kerr E., Levi C.R., Phan T.G., Ma H., Sanders L., Moran C., Wong K., Read S., Henderson R., Wong A., Hull R., Skinner G., Hand P., Yan B., Tu H., Campbell B., Blacker D.J., Wijeratne T., Pathirage M., Jasinararchchi M., Matkovic Z., Celestino S., Gruber F., Vosko M.R., Diabl E., Rathmaier S., Pfausler B., Helbok R., Fazekas F., Poltrum B., Zechner B., Trummer U., Rutgers M.P., Peeters A., Dusart A., Duray M.-C., Parmentier C., Ferrao-Santos S., Brouns R., De Raedt S., De Smedt A., Vanhooff R.-J., De Keyser J., Martins S.C.O., De Almeida A.G., Broudani R., Titton N.F., De Freitas G.R., Cardoso F.M., Giesel L.M., Lima N.A., Ferraz De Almeida A.C., Gomes R.B., Borges Dos Santos T.S., Veloso Soares E.M., Neto O.L.A., Silva G.S., Gomes D.L., De Carvalho F.A., Miranda M., Marques A., Zetola V.F., De Matia G., Lange M.C., Montes J., Reccius A., Soto A., Rivas R., Klapp C., Illanes S., Aguilera C., Castro A., Figueroa C., Benavides J., Salamanca P., Concha M.C., Pajarito J., Araya P., Guerra F., Li Y., Liu G., Wang B., Chong Y., He M., Wang L., Liu J., Zhang X., Lai C., Jiang H., Cui S., Tao Q., Zhang Y., Yao S., Xu M., Xiao H., Hu J., Tang J., Ji H., Jiang M., Yu F., Yang X., Guo X., Wang Y., Wu L., Gao Y., Sun D., Huang X., Liu L., Li P., Jiang Y., Li H., Lu H., Zhou J., Yuan C., Qi X., Qiu F., Qian H., Wang W., Sun W., Li F., Liu R., Peng Q., Ren Z., Fan C., Wang H., Wang T., Shi F., Duan C., Chen Z., Tan X., Zhao Z., Chen J., Han T., Zhang L., Hu Q., Hou Q., Zhao X., Zeng G., Ma L., Wang F., Guo Z., Fu Y., Song Y., Tai L., Liu X., Su X., Yang Y., Dong R., Xu Y., Tian S., Cheng S., Su L., Xie X., Xu T., Geng D., Yan X., Fan H., Zhao N., Wang S., Yang J., Yan M., Li L., Li Z., Xu X., Lian Y., Sun H., Liu D., Wang N., Tang Q., Han Z., Feng L., Cui Y., Tian J., Chang H., Sun X., Liu C., Wen Z., Lin Q., Sun L., Hu B., Zou M., Bao Q., Lin X., Zhao L., Tian X., Wang X., Li X., Hao L., Duan Y., Wang R., Wei Z., Ren S., Ren H., Dong Y., Cheng Y., Liu W., Han J., Zhang Z., Zhu J., Qian J., Sun Y., Liu K., Long F., Peng X., Zhang Q., Yuan Z., Wang C., Huang M., He P., You Y., Xia J., Zhou L., Hou Y., Qi Y., Mei L., Lu R., Ping L., Zhou S., Zhang S., Zou R., Guo J., Li M., Wei W., Curtze S., Saarela M., Strbian D., Scheperjans F., De Broucker T., Henry C., Cumurciuc R., Ibos-Auge N., Zeghoudi A.-C., Pico F., Dereeper O., Simian M.-C., Boisselier C., Mahfoud A., Timsit S., Merrien F.M., Guillon B., Sevin M., Herisson F., Magne C., Ameri A., Cret C., Stefanizzi S., Klapzcynski F., Denier C., Sarov-Riviere M., Reiner P., Mawet J., Herve D., Buffon F., Touze E., Domigo V., Lamy C., Calvet D., Pasquini M., Alamowitch S., Favrole P., Muresan I.-P., Crozier S., Rosso C., Pires C., Leger A., Deltour S., Cordonnier C., Henon H., Rossi C., Zuber M., Bruandet M., Tamazyan R., Join-Lambert C., Juettler E., Krause T., Maul S., Endres M., Jungehulsing G.J., Hennerici M., Griebe M., Sauer T., Knoll K., Huber R., Knauer K., Knauer C., Raubold S., Schneider H., Hentschel H., Lautenschlager C., Schimmel E., Dzialowski I., Foerch C., Lorenz M., Singer O., Meyer Dos Santos I.M.R., Hartmann A., Hamann A., Schacht A., Schrader B., Teichmann A., Wartenberg K.E., Mueller T.J., Jander S., Gliem M., Boettcher C., Rosenkranz M., Beck C., Otto D., Thomalla G., Cheng B., Wong K.S., Leung T.W., Soo Y.O.Y., Prabhakar S., Kesavarapu S.R., Gajjela P.K., Chenna R.R., Ummer K., Basheer M., Andipet A., Jagarlapudi M.K.M., Mohammed A.U.R., Pawar V.G., Eranki S.S.K., Singh Y., Akhtar N., Borah N.C., Ghose M., Choudhury N., Ichaporia N.R., Shendge J., Khese S., Pamidimukkala V., Inbamuthaiah P., Nuthakki S.R., Tagallamudi N.M.R., Gutti A.K., Khurana D., Kesavarapu P., Jogi V., Garg A., Samanta D., Sarma G.R.K., Nadig R., Mathew T., Anandan M.A., Caterbi E., Zini A., Cavazzuti M., Casoni F., Pentore R., Falzone F., Mazzoli T., Greco L.M., Menichetti C., Coppola F., Cenciarelli S., Gallinella E., Mattioni A., Condurso R., Sicilia I., Zampolini M., Corea F., Barbi M., Proietti C., Toni D., Pieroni A., Anzini A., Falcou A., Demichele M., Klijn C.J.M., Tveiten A., Thortveit E.T., Pettersen S., Holand N., Hitland B., Johnsen S.H., Eltoft A., Wasay M., Kamal A., Iqrar A., Ali L., Begum D., Fischer R., Gama G., Fonseca L., Moreira G., Veloso L.M., Pinheiro D., Paredes L., Rozeira C., Gregorio T., Segura Martin T., Ayo O., Garcia-Garcia J., Feria Vilar I., Gomez Fernandez I., Amaro S., Urra X., Obach V., Cervera A., Silva Y., Serena J., Castellanos M., Terceno M., Van Eendenburg C., Weck A., Findling O., Ludi R., Warburton E.A., Day D., Butler N., Bumanlag E., Caine S., Steele A., Osborn M., Dodd E., Murphy P., Esisi B., Brown E., Hayman R., Baliga V.K.V., Minphone M., Kennedy J., Reckless I., Pope G., Teal R., Michael K., Manawadu D., Kalra L., Lewis R., Mistry B., Cattermole E., Hassan A., Mandizvidza L., Bamford J., Brooks H., Bedford C., Whiting R., Baines P., Hussain M., Harvey M., Fotherby K., McBride S., Bourke P., Morgan D., Jennings-Preece K., Price C., Huntley S., Riddell V.E., Storey G., Lakey R.L., Subramanian G., Jenkinson D., Kwan J., David O., Tiwari D., James M., Keenan S., Eastwood H., Shaw L., Kaye P., Button D., Madigan B., Williamson D., Dixit A., Davis J., Hossain M.O., Ford G.A., Parry-Jones A., O'Loughlin V., Jarapa R., Naing Z., Lovelock C., O'Reilly J., Khan U., Bhalla A., Rudd A., Birns J., Werring D.J., Law R., Perry R., Jones I., Erande R., Roffe C., Natarajan I., Ahmad N., Finney K., Lucas J., Mistri A., Eveson D., Marsh R., Haunton V., Fugate J.E., Lepore S.W., Zheng D., Sato S., Arima H., Heeley E., Delcourt C., Cao Y., Chalmers J., Anderson C.S., Davis S., Huang Y., Lavados P., Neal B., Parsons M.W., Lindley R., Morgenstern L., Robinson T., Stapf C., Tzourio C., Wang J.G., Chen S., Chen X.Y., Cui L., Liu Z., Lu C., Wang J., Wu S., Xu E., Yang Q., Zhang C., Zhang J., Beer R., Schmutzhard E., Redondo P., Kaste M., Soinne L., Tatlisumak T., Wartenberg K., Ricci S., Klijn K., Azevedo E., Chamorro A., Arnold M., Fischer U., Kaul S., Pandian J., Boyini H., Singh S., Rabinstein A.A., Estol C., Silva G., Olavarria V.V., Robinson T.G., Simes R.J., Bousser M.-G., Hankey G., Jamrozik K., Johnston S.C., Li S., Bailey K., Cheung T., Chintapatla S., Ducasse E., Erho T., Hata J., Holder B., Knight E., Leroux M., Sasse T., Odgers E., Walsh R., Wolfowicz Z., Chen G., Fuentes S., Peng B., Schneble H.-M., Wang M.-X., Billot L., Heritier S., Li Q., Woodward M., Abimbola S., Anderson S., Chan E., Cheng G., Chmielnik P., Leighton S., Liu J.-Y., Rasmussen B., Saxena A., Tripathy S., Armenis M., Baig M.A., Naidu B., Starzec G., Steley S., Moles A., Ruiz A., Zimmermann M., Marinho J., Alves S., Angelim R., Araujo J., Kawakami L., Bustos C., Gonzalez F., Munoz Venturelli P., Chen X., Jia R., Li N., Qu S., Shu Y., Song A., Sun J., Xiao J., Zhao Y., Huang Q., Vicaut E., Chamam A., Viaud M.-C., Dert C., Fiedler U., Jovis V., Kabla S., Marchand S., Pena A., Mallikarjuna K., Hasan N., Berge E., Sandset E.C., Forarsveen A.S., Richardson D., Kumar T., Lewin S., Poulter N., Field J., Anjum A., Wilson A., Perelmuter H., Agarie A.M., Barboza A.G., Recchia L.A., Miranda I.F., Rauek S.G., Duplessis R.J., Dewey H., Walker L., Petrolo S., Bladin C., Sturm J., Crimmins D., Griffiths D., Schutz A., Zenteno V., Miteff F., Spratt N., Kerr E., Levi C.R., Phan T.G., Ma H., Sanders L., Moran C., Wong K., Read S., Henderson R., Wong A., Hull R., Skinner G., Hand P., Yan B., Tu H., Campbell B., Blacker D.J., Wijeratne T., Pathirage M., Jasinararchchi M., Matkovic Z., Celestino S., Gruber F., Vosko M.R., Diabl E., Rathmaier S., Pfausler B., Helbok R., Fazekas F., Poltrum B., Zechner B., Trummer U., Rutgers M.P., Peeters A., Dusart A., Duray M.-C., Parmentier C., Ferrao-Santos S., Brouns R., De Raedt S., De Smedt A., Vanhooff R.-J., De Keyser J., Martins S.C.O., De Almeida A.G., Broudani R., Titton N.F., De Freitas G.R., Cardoso F.M., Giesel L.M., Lima N.A., Ferraz De Almeida A.C., Gomes R.B., Borges Dos Santos T.S., Veloso Soares E.M., Neto O.L.A., Silva G.S., Gomes D.L., De Carvalho F.A., Miranda M., Marques A., Zetola V.F., De Matia G., Lange M.C., Montes J., Reccius A., Soto A., Rivas R., Klapp C., Illanes S., Aguilera C., Castro A., Figueroa C., Benavides J., Salamanca P., Concha M.C., Pajarito J., Araya P., Guerra F., Li Y., Liu G., Wang B., Chong Y., He M., Wang L., Liu J., Zhang X., Lai C., Jiang H., Cui S., Tao Q., Zhang Y., Yao S., Xu M., Xiao H., Hu J., Tang J., Ji H., Jiang M., Yu F., Yang X., Guo X., Wang Y., Wu L., Gao Y., Sun D., Huang X., Liu L., Li P., Jiang Y., Li H., Lu H., Zhou J., Yuan C., Qi X., Qiu F., Qian H., Wang W., Sun W., Li F., Liu R., Peng Q., Ren Z., Fan C., Wang H., Wang T., Shi F., Duan C., Chen Z., Tan X., Zhao Z., Chen J., Han T., Zhang L., Hu Q., Hou Q., Zhao X., Zeng G., Ma L., Wang F., Guo Z., Fu Y., Song Y., Tai L., Liu X., Su X., Yang Y., Dong R., Xu Y., Tian S., Cheng S., Su L., Xie X., Xu T., Geng D., Yan X., Fan H., Zhao N., Wang S., Yang J., Yan M., Li L., Li Z., Xu X., Lian Y., Sun H., Liu D., Wang N., Tang Q., Han Z., Feng L., Cui Y., Tian J., Chang H., Sun X., Liu C., Wen Z., Lin Q., Sun L., Hu B., Zou M., Bao Q., Lin X., Zhao L., Tian X., Wang X., Li X., Hao L., Duan Y., Wang R., Wei Z., Ren S., Ren H., Dong Y., Cheng Y., Liu W., Han J., Zhang Z., Zhu J., Qian J., Sun Y., Liu K., Long F., Peng X., Zhang Q., Yuan Z., Wang C., Huang M., He P., You Y., Xia J., Zhou L., Hou Y., Qi Y., Mei L., Lu R., Ping L., Zhou S., Zhang S., Zou R., Guo J., Li M., Wei W., Curtze S., Saarela M., Strbian D., Scheperjans F., De Broucker T., Henry C., Cumurciuc R., Ibos-Auge N., Zeghoudi A.-C., Pico F., Dereeper O., Simian M.-C., Boisselier C., Mahfoud A., Timsit S., Merrien F.M., Guillon B., Sevin M., Herisson F., Magne C., Ameri A., Cret C., Stefanizzi S., Klapzcynski F., Denier C., Sarov-Riviere M., Reiner P., Mawet J., Herve D., Buffon F., Touze E., Domigo V., Lamy C., Calvet D., Pasquini M., Alamowitch S., Favrole P., Muresan I.-P., Crozier S., Rosso C., Pires C., Leger A., Deltour S., Cordonnier C., Henon H., Rossi C., Zuber M., Bruandet M., Tamazyan R., Join-Lambert C., Juettler E., Krause T., Maul S., Endres M., Jungehulsing G.J., Hennerici M., Griebe M., Sauer T., Knoll K., Huber R., Knauer K., Knauer C., Raubold S., Schneider H., Hentschel H., Lautenschlager C., Schimmel E., Dzialowski I., Foerch C., Lorenz M., Singer O., Meyer Dos Santos I.M.R., Hartmann A., Hamann A., Schacht A., Schrader B., Teichmann A., Wartenberg K.E., Mueller T.J., Jander S., Gliem M., Boettcher C., Rosenkranz M., Beck C., Otto D., Thomalla G., Cheng B., Wong K.S., Leung T.W., Soo Y.O.Y., Prabhakar S., Kesavarapu S.R., Gajjela P.K., Chenna R.R., Ummer K., Basheer M., Andipet A., Jagarlapudi M.K.M., Mohammed A.U.R., Pawar V.G., Eranki S.S.K., Singh Y., Akhtar N., Borah N.C., Ghose M., Choudhury N., Ichaporia N.R., Shendge J., Khese S., Pamidimukkala V., Inbamuthaiah P., Nuthakki S.R., Tagallamudi N.M.R., Gutti A.K., Khurana D., Kesavarapu P., Jogi V., Garg A., Samanta D., Sarma G.R.K., Nadig R., Mathew T., Anandan M.A., Caterbi E., Zini A., Cavazzuti M., Casoni F., Pentore R., Falzone F., Mazzoli T., Greco L.M., Menichetti C., Coppola F., Cenciarelli S., Gallinella E., Mattioni A., Condurso R., Sicilia I., Zampolini M., Corea F., Barbi M., Proietti C., Toni D., Pieroni A., Anzini A., Falcou A., Demichele M., Klijn C.J.M., Tveiten A., Thortveit E.T., Pettersen S., Holand N., Hitland B., Johnsen S.H., Eltoft A., Wasay M., Kamal A., Iqrar A., Ali L., and Begum D.

Abstract

Background: The kidney-brain interaction has been a topic of growing interest. Past studies of the effect of kidney function on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) outcomes have yielded inconsistent findings. Although the second, main phase of the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Trial (INTERACT2) suggests the effectiveness of early intensive blood pressure (BP) lowering in improving functional recovery after ICH, the balance of potential benefits and harms of this treatment in those with decreased kidney function remains uncertain. Study Design: Secondary analysis of INTERACT2, which randomly assigned patients with ICH with elevated systolic BP (SBP) to intensive (target SBP < 140 mm Hg) or contemporaneous guideline-based (target SBP < 180 mm Hg) BP management. Setting & Participants: 2,823 patients from 144 clinical hospitals in 21 countries. Predictors Admission estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) of patients were categorized into 3 groups based on the CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) creatinine equation: normal or high, mildly decreased, and moderately to severely decreased (>90, 60-90, and <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively). Outcome(s): The effect of admission eGFR on the primary outcome of death or major disability at 90 days (defined as modified Rankin Scale scores of 3-6) was analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Potential effect modification of intensive BP lowering treatment by admission eGFR was assessed by interaction terms. Result(s): Of 2,623 included participants, 912 (35%) and 280 (11%) had mildly and moderately/severely decreased eGFRs, respectively. Patients with moderately/severely decreased eGFRs had the greatest risk for death or major disability at 90 days (adjusted OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.28-2.61). Effects of early intensive BP lowering were consistent across different eGFRs (P = 0.5 for homogeneity). Limitation(s): Generalizability issues arising from a clinical tri

Published
2016

9. Estimated GFR and the Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering after Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Author

Fischer R., Gama G., Fonseca L., Moreira G., Veloso L.M., Pinheiro D., Paredes L., Rozeira C., Gregorio T., Segura Martin T., Ayo O., Garcia-Garcia J., Feria Vilar I., Gomez Fernandez I., Amaro S., Urra X., Obach V., Cervera A., Silva Y., Serena J., Castellanos M., Terceno M., Van Eendenburg C., Weck A., Findling O., Ludi R., Warburton E.A., Day D., Butler N., Bumanlag E., Caine S., Steele A., Osborn M., Dodd E., Murphy P., Esisi B., Brown E., Hayman R., Baliga V.K.V., Minphone M., Kennedy J., Reckless I., Pope G., Teal R., Michael K., Manawadu D., Kalra L., Lewis R., Mistry B., Cattermole E., Hassan A., Mandizvidza L., Bamford J., Brooks H., Bedford C., Whiting R., Baines P., Hussain M., Harvey M., Fotherby K., McBride S., Bourke P., Morgan D., Jennings-Preece K., Price C., Huntley S., Riddell V.E., Storey G., Lakey R.L., Subramanian G., Jenkinson D., Kwan J., David O., Tiwari D., James M., Keenan S., Eastwood H., Shaw L., Kaye P., Button D., Madigan B., Williamson D., Dixit A., Davis J., Hossain M.O., Ford G.A., Parry-Jones A., O'Loughlin V., Jarapa R., Naing Z., Lovelock C., O'Reilly J., Khan U., Bhalla A., Rudd A., Birns J., Werring D.J., Law R., Perry R., Jones I., Erande R., Roffe C., Natarajan I., Ahmad N., Finney K., Lucas J., Mistri A., Eveson D., Marsh R., Haunton V., Fugate J.E., Lepore S.W., Zheng D., Sato S., Arima H., Heeley E., Delcourt C., Cao Y., Chalmers J., Anderson C.S., Davis S., Huang Y., Lavados P., Neal B., Parsons M.W., Lindley R., Morgenstern L., Robinson T., Stapf C., Tzourio C., Wang J.G., Chen S., Chen X.Y., Cui L., Liu Z., Lu C., Wang J., Wu S., Xu E., Yang Q., Zhang C., Zhang J., Beer R., Schmutzhard E., Redondo P., Kaste M., Soinne L., Tatlisumak T., Wartenberg K., Ricci S., Klijn K., Azevedo E., Chamorro A., Arnold M., Fischer U., Kaul S., Pandian J., Boyini H., Singh S., Rabinstein A.A., Estol C., Silva G., Olavarria V.V., Robinson T.G., Simes R.J., Bousser M.-G., Hankey G., Jamrozik K., Johnston S.C., Li S., Bailey K., Cheung T., Chintapatla S., Ducasse E., Erho T., Hata J., Holder B., Knight E., Leroux M., Sasse T., Odgers E., Walsh R., Wolfowicz Z., Chen G., Fuentes S., Peng B., Schneble H.-M., Wang M.-X., Billot L., Heritier S., Li Q., Woodward M., Abimbola S., Anderson S., Chan E., Cheng G., Chmielnik P., Leighton S., Liu J.-Y., Rasmussen B., Saxena A., Tripathy S., Armenis M., Baig M.A., Naidu B., Starzec G., Steley S., Moles A., Ruiz A., Zimmermann M., Marinho J., Alves S., Angelim R., Araujo J., Kawakami L., Bustos C., Gonzalez F., Munoz Venturelli P., Chen X., Jia R., Li N., Qu S., Shu Y., Song A., Sun J., Xiao J., Zhao Y., Huang Q., Vicaut E., Chamam A., Viaud M.-C., Dert C., Fiedler U., Jovis V., Kabla S., Marchand S., Pena A., Mallikarjuna K., Hasan N., Berge E., Sandset E.C., Forarsveen A.S., Richardson D., Kumar T., Lewin S., Poulter N., Field J., Anjum A., Wilson A., Perelmuter H., Agarie A.M., Barboza A.G., Recchia L.A., Miranda I.F., Rauek S.G., Duplessis R.J., Dewey H., Walker L., Petrolo S., Bladin C., Sturm J., Crimmins D., Griffiths D., Schutz A., Zenteno V., Miteff F., Spratt N., Kerr E., Levi C.R., Phan T.G., Ma H., Sanders L., Moran C., Wong K., Read S., Henderson R., Wong A., Hull R., Skinner G., Hand P., Yan B., Tu H., Campbell B., Blacker D.J., Wijeratne T., Pathirage M., Jasinararchchi M., Matkovic Z., Celestino S., Gruber F., Vosko M.R., Diabl E., Rathmaier S., Pfausler B., Helbok R., Fazekas F., Poltrum B., Zechner B., Trummer U., Rutgers M.P., Peeters A., Dusart A., Duray M.-C., Parmentier C., Ferrao-Santos S., Brouns R., De Raedt S., De Smedt A., Vanhooff R.-J., De Keyser J., Martins S.C.O., De Almeida A.G., Broudani R., Titton N.F., De Freitas G.R., Cardoso F.M., Giesel L.M., Lima N.A., Ferraz De Almeida A.C., Gomes R.B., Borges Dos Santos T.S., Veloso Soares E.M., Neto O.L.A., Silva G.S., Gomes D.L., De Carvalho F.A., Miranda M., Marques A., Zetola V.F., De Matia G., Lange M.C., Montes J., Reccius A., Soto A., Rivas R., Klapp C., Illanes S., Aguilera C., Castro A., Figueroa C., Benavides J., Salamanca P., Concha M.C., Pajarito J., Araya P., Guerra F., Li Y., Liu G., Wang B., Chong Y., He M., Wang L., Liu J., Zhang X., Lai C., Jiang H., Cui S., Tao Q., Zhang Y., Yao S., Xu M., Xiao H., Hu J., Tang J., Ji H., Jiang M., Yu F., Yang X., Guo X., Wang Y., Wu L., Gao Y., Sun D., Huang X., Liu L., Li P., Jiang Y., Li H., Lu H., Zhou J., Yuan C., Qi X., Qiu F., Qian H., Wang W., Sun W., Li F., Liu R., Peng Q., Ren Z., Fan C., Wang H., Wang T., Shi F., Duan C., Chen Z., Tan X., Zhao Z., Chen J., Han T., Zhang L., Hu Q., Hou Q., Zhao X., Zeng G., Ma L., Wang F., Guo Z., Fu Y., Song Y., Tai L., Liu X., Su X., Yang Y., Dong R., Xu Y., Tian S., Cheng S., Su L., Xie X., Xu T., Geng D., Yan X., Fan H., Zhao N., Wang S., Yang J., Yan M., Li L., Li Z., Xu X., Lian Y., Sun H., Liu D., Wang N., Tang Q., Han Z., Feng L., Cui Y., Tian J., Chang H., Sun X., Liu C., Wen Z., Lin Q., Sun L., Hu B., Zou M., Bao Q., Lin X., Zhao L., Tian X., Wang X., Li X., Hao L., Duan Y., Wang R., Wei Z., Ren S., Ren H., Dong Y., Cheng Y., Liu W., Han J., Zhang Z., Zhu J., Qian J., Sun Y., Liu K., Long F., Peng X., Zhang Q., Yuan Z., Wang C., Huang M., He P., You Y., Xia J., Zhou L., Hou Y., Qi Y., Mei L., Lu R., Ping L., Zhou S., Zhang S., Zou R., Guo J., Li M., Wei W., Curtze S., Saarela M., Strbian D., Scheperjans F., De Broucker T., Henry C., Cumurciuc R., Ibos-Auge N., Zeghoudi A.-C., Pico F., Dereeper O., Simian M.-C., Boisselier C., Mahfoud A., Timsit S., Merrien F.M., Guillon B., Sevin M., Herisson F., Magne C., Ameri A., Cret C., Stefanizzi S., Klapzcynski F., Denier C., Sarov-Riviere M., Reiner P., Mawet J., Herve D., Buffon F., Touze E., Domigo V., Lamy C., Calvet D., Pasquini M., Alamowitch S., Favrole P., Muresan I.-P., Crozier S., Rosso C., Pires C., Leger A., Deltour S., Cordonnier C., Henon H., Rossi C., Zuber M., Bruandet M., Tamazyan R., Join-Lambert C., Juettler E., Krause T., Maul S., Endres M., Jungehulsing G.J., Hennerici M., Griebe M., Sauer T., Knoll K., Huber R., Knauer K., Knauer C., Raubold S., Schneider H., Hentschel H., Lautenschlager C., Schimmel E., Dzialowski I., Foerch C., Lorenz M., Singer O., Meyer Dos Santos I.M.R., Hartmann A., Hamann A., Schacht A., Schrader B., Teichmann A., Wartenberg K.E., Mueller T.J., Jander S., Gliem M., Boettcher C., Rosenkranz M., Beck C., Otto D., Thomalla G., Cheng B., Wong K.S., Leung T.W., Soo Y.O.Y., Prabhakar S., Kesavarapu S.R., Gajjela P.K., Chenna R.R., Ummer K., Basheer M., Andipet A., Jagarlapudi M.K.M., Mohammed A.U.R., Pawar V.G., Eranki S.S.K., Singh Y., Akhtar N., Borah N.C., Ghose M., Choudhury N., Ichaporia N.R., Shendge J., Khese S., Pamidimukkala V., Inbamuthaiah P., Nuthakki S.R., Tagallamudi N.M.R., Gutti A.K., Khurana D., Kesavarapu P., Jogi V., Garg A., Samanta D., Sarma G.R.K., Nadig R., Mathew T., Anandan M.A., Caterbi E., Zini A., Cavazzuti M., Casoni F., Pentore R., Falzone F., Mazzoli T., Greco L.M., Menichetti C., Coppola F., Cenciarelli S., Gallinella E., Mattioni A., Condurso R., Sicilia I., Zampolini M., Corea F., Barbi M., Proietti C., Toni D., Pieroni A., Anzini A., Falcou A., Demichele M., Klijn C.J.M., Tveiten A., Thortveit E.T., Pettersen S., Holand N., Hitland B., Johnsen S.H., Eltoft A., Wasay M., Kamal A., Iqrar A., Ali L., Begum D., Fischer R., Gama G., Fonseca L., Moreira G., Veloso L.M., Pinheiro D., Paredes L., Rozeira C., Gregorio T., Segura Martin T., Ayo O., Garcia-Garcia J., Feria Vilar I., Gomez Fernandez I., Amaro S., Urra X., Obach V., Cervera A., Silva Y., Serena J., Castellanos M., Terceno M., Van Eendenburg C., Weck A., Findling O., Ludi R., Warburton E.A., Day D., Butler N., Bumanlag E., Caine S., Steele A., Osborn M., Dodd E., Murphy P., Esisi B., Brown E., Hayman R., Baliga V.K.V., Minphone M., Kennedy J., Reckless I., Pope G., Teal R., Michael K., Manawadu D., Kalra L., Lewis R., Mistry B., Cattermole E., Hassan A., Mandizvidza L., Bamford J., Brooks H., Bedford C., Whiting R., Baines P., Hussain M., Harvey M., Fotherby K., McBride S., Bourke P., Morgan D., Jennings-Preece K., Price C., Huntley S., Riddell V.E., Storey G., Lakey R.L., Subramanian G., Jenkinson D., Kwan J., David O., Tiwari D., James M., Keenan S., Eastwood H., Shaw L., Kaye P., Button D., Madigan B., Williamson D., Dixit A., Davis J., Hossain M.O., Ford G.A., Parry-Jones A., O'Loughlin V., Jarapa R., Naing Z., Lovelock C., O'Reilly J., Khan U., Bhalla A., Rudd A., Birns J., Werring D.J., Law R., Perry R., Jones I., Erande R., Roffe C., Natarajan I., Ahmad N., Finney K., Lucas J., Mistri A., Eveson D., Marsh R., Haunton V., Fugate J.E., Lepore S.W., Zheng D., Sato S., Arima H., Heeley E., Delcourt C., Cao Y., Chalmers J., Anderson C.S., Davis S., Huang Y., Lavados P., Neal B., Parsons M.W., Lindley R., Morgenstern L., Robinson T., Stapf C., Tzourio C., Wang J.G., Chen S., Chen X.Y., Cui L., Liu Z., Lu C., Wang J., Wu S., Xu E., Yang Q., Zhang C., Zhang J., Beer R., Schmutzhard E., Redondo P., Kaste M., Soinne L., Tatlisumak T., Wartenberg K., Ricci S., Klijn K., Azevedo E., Chamorro A., Arnold M., Fischer U., Kaul S., Pandian J., Boyini H., Singh S., Rabinstein A.A., Estol C., Silva G., Olavarria V.V., Robinson T.G., Simes R.J., Bousser M.-G., Hankey G., Jamrozik K., Johnston S.C., Li S., Bailey K., Cheung T., Chintapatla S., Ducasse E., Erho T., Hata J., Holder B., Knight E., Leroux M., Sasse T., Odgers E., Walsh R., Wolfowicz Z., Chen G., Fuentes S., Peng B., Schneble H.-M., Wang M.-X., Billot L., Heritier S., Li Q., Woodward M., Abimbola S., Anderson S., Chan E., Cheng G., Chmielnik P., Leighton S., Liu J.-Y., Rasmussen B., Saxena A., Tripathy S., Armenis M., Baig M.A., Naidu B., Starzec G., Steley S., Moles A., Ruiz A., Zimmermann M., Marinho J., Alves S., Angelim R., Araujo J., Kawakami L., Bustos C., Gonzalez F., Munoz Venturelli P., Chen X., Jia R., Li N., Qu S., Shu Y., Song A., Sun J., Xiao J., Zhao Y., Huang Q., Vicaut E., Chamam A., Viaud M.-C., Dert C., Fiedler U., Jovis V., Kabla S., Marchand S., Pena A., Mallikarjuna K., Hasan N., Berge E., Sandset E.C., Forarsveen A.S., Richardson D., Kumar T., Lewin S., Poulter N., Field J., Anjum A., Wilson A., Perelmuter H., Agarie A.M., Barboza A.G., Recchia L.A., Miranda I.F., Rauek S.G., Duplessis R.J., Dewey H., Walker L., Petrolo S., Bladin C., Sturm J., Crimmins D., Griffiths D., Schutz A., Zenteno V., Miteff F., Spratt N., Kerr E., Levi C.R., Phan T.G., Ma H., Sanders L., Moran C., Wong K., Read S., Henderson R., Wong A., Hull R., Skinner G., Hand P., Yan B., Tu H., Campbell B., Blacker D.J., Wijeratne T., Pathirage M., Jasinararchchi M., Matkovic Z., Celestino S., Gruber F., Vosko M.R., Diabl E., Rathmaier S., Pfausler B., Helbok R., Fazekas F., Poltrum B., Zechner B., Trummer U., Rutgers M.P., Peeters A., Dusart A., Duray M.-C., Parmentier C., Ferrao-Santos S., Brouns R., De Raedt S., De Smedt A., Vanhooff R.-J., De Keyser J., Martins S.C.O., De Almeida A.G., Broudani R., Titton N.F., De Freitas G.R., Cardoso F.M., Giesel L.M., Lima N.A., Ferraz De Almeida A.C., Gomes R.B., Borges Dos Santos T.S., Veloso Soares E.M., Neto O.L.A., Silva G.S., Gomes D.L., De Carvalho F.A., Miranda M., Marques A., Zetola V.F., De Matia G., Lange M.C., Montes J., Reccius A., Soto A., Rivas R., Klapp C., Illanes S., Aguilera C., Castro A., Figueroa C., Benavides J., Salamanca P., Concha M.C., Pajarito J., Araya P., Guerra F., Li Y., Liu G., Wang B., Chong Y., He M., Wang L., Liu J., Zhang X., Lai C., Jiang H., Cui S., Tao Q., Zhang Y., Yao S., Xu M., Xiao H., Hu J., Tang J., Ji H., Jiang M., Yu F., Yang X., Guo X., Wang Y., Wu L., Gao Y., Sun D., Huang X., Liu L., Li P., Jiang Y., Li H., Lu H., Zhou J., Yuan C., Qi X., Qiu F., Qian H., Wang W., Sun W., Li F., Liu R., Peng Q., Ren Z., Fan C., Wang H., Wang T., Shi F., Duan C., Chen Z., Tan X., Zhao Z., Chen J., Han T., Zhang L., Hu Q., Hou Q., Zhao X., Zeng G., Ma L., Wang F., Guo Z., Fu Y., Song Y., Tai L., Liu X., Su X., Yang Y., Dong R., Xu Y., Tian S., Cheng S., Su L., Xie X., Xu T., Geng D., Yan X., Fan H., Zhao N., Wang S., Yang J., Yan M., Li L., Li Z., Xu X., Lian Y., Sun H., Liu D., Wang N., Tang Q., Han Z., Feng L., Cui Y., Tian J., Chang H., Sun X., Liu C., Wen Z., Lin Q., Sun L., Hu B., Zou M., Bao Q., Lin X., Zhao L., Tian X., Wang X., Li X., Hao L., Duan Y., Wang R., Wei Z., Ren S., Ren H., Dong Y., Cheng Y., Liu W., Han J., Zhang Z., Zhu J., Qian J., Sun Y., Liu K., Long F., Peng X., Zhang Q., Yuan Z., Wang C., Huang M., He P., You Y., Xia J., Zhou L., Hou Y., Qi Y., Mei L., Lu R., Ping L., Zhou S., Zhang S., Zou R., Guo J., Li M., Wei W., Curtze S., Saarela M., Strbian D., Scheperjans F., De Broucker T., Henry C., Cumurciuc R., Ibos-Auge N., Zeghoudi A.-C., Pico F., Dereeper O., Simian M.-C., Boisselier C., Mahfoud A., Timsit S., Merrien F.M., Guillon B., Sevin M., Herisson F., Magne C., Ameri A., Cret C., Stefanizzi S., Klapzcynski F., Denier C., Sarov-Riviere M., Reiner P., Mawet J., Herve D., Buffon F., Touze E., Domigo V., Lamy C., Calvet D., Pasquini M., Alamowitch S., Favrole P., Muresan I.-P., Crozier S., Rosso C., Pires C., Leger A., Deltour S., Cordonnier C., Henon H., Rossi C., Zuber M., Bruandet M., Tamazyan R., Join-Lambert C., Juettler E., Krause T., Maul S., Endres M., Jungehulsing G.J., Hennerici M., Griebe M., Sauer T., Knoll K., Huber R., Knauer K., Knauer C., Raubold S., Schneider H., Hentschel H., Lautenschlager C., Schimmel E., Dzialowski I., Foerch C., Lorenz M., Singer O., Meyer Dos Santos I.M.R., Hartmann A., Hamann A., Schacht A., Schrader B., Teichmann A., Wartenberg K.E., Mueller T.J., Jander S., Gliem M., Boettcher C., Rosenkranz M., Beck C., Otto D., Thomalla G., Cheng B., Wong K.S., Leung T.W., Soo Y.O.Y., Prabhakar S., Kesavarapu S.R., Gajjela P.K., Chenna R.R., Ummer K., Basheer M., Andipet A., Jagarlapudi M.K.M., Mohammed A.U.R., Pawar V.G., Eranki S.S.K., Singh Y., Akhtar N., Borah N.C., Ghose M., Choudhury N., Ichaporia N.R., Shendge J., Khese S., Pamidimukkala V., Inbamuthaiah P., Nuthakki S.R., Tagallamudi N.M.R., Gutti A.K., Khurana D., Kesavarapu P., Jogi V., Garg A., Samanta D., Sarma G.R.K., Nadig R., Mathew T., Anandan M.A., Caterbi E., Zini A., Cavazzuti M., Casoni F., Pentore R., Falzone F., Mazzoli T., Greco L.M., Menichetti C., Coppola F., Cenciarelli S., Gallinella E., Mattioni A., Condurso R., Sicilia I., Zampolini M., Corea F., Barbi M., Proietti C., Toni D., Pieroni A., Anzini A., Falcou A., Demichele M., Klijn C.J.M., Tveiten A., Thortveit E.T., Pettersen S., Holand N., Hitland B., Johnsen S.H., Eltoft A., Wasay M., Kamal A., Iqrar A., Ali L., and Begum D.

Abstract

Background: The kidney-brain interaction has been a topic of growing interest. Past studies of the effect of kidney function on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) outcomes have yielded inconsistent findings. Although the second, main phase of the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Trial (INTERACT2) suggests the effectiveness of early intensive blood pressure (BP) lowering in improving functional recovery after ICH, the balance of potential benefits and harms of this treatment in those with decreased kidney function remains uncertain. Study Design: Secondary analysis of INTERACT2, which randomly assigned patients with ICH with elevated systolic BP (SBP) to intensive (target SBP < 140 mm Hg) or contemporaneous guideline-based (target SBP < 180 mm Hg) BP management. Setting & Participants: 2,823 patients from 144 clinical hospitals in 21 countries. Predictors Admission estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) of patients were categorized into 3 groups based on the CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) creatinine equation: normal or high, mildly decreased, and moderately to severely decreased (>90, 60-90, and <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively). Outcome(s): The effect of admission eGFR on the primary outcome of death or major disability at 90 days (defined as modified Rankin Scale scores of 3-6) was analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Potential effect modification of intensive BP lowering treatment by admission eGFR was assessed by interaction terms. Result(s): Of 2,623 included participants, 912 (35%) and 280 (11%) had mildly and moderately/severely decreased eGFRs, respectively. Patients with moderately/severely decreased eGFRs had the greatest risk for death or major disability at 90 days (adjusted OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.28-2.61). Effects of early intensive BP lowering were consistent across different eGFRs (P = 0.5 for homogeneity). Limitation(s): Generalizability issues arising from a clinical tri

Published
2016

13. An evaluation of primary care led dementia diagnostic services in Bristol

Author

Dodd, E, Cheston, R, Fear, T, Brown, E, Fox, C, Morley, C, Jefferies, R, Gray, R, Dodd, E, Cheston, R, Fear, T, Brown, E, Fox, C, Morley, C, Jefferies, R, and Gray, R

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Typically people who go to see their GP with a memory problem will be initially assessed and those patients who seem to be at risk will be referred onto a memory clinic. The demographic forces mean that memory services will need to expand to meet demand. An alternative may be to expand the role of primary care in dementia diagnosis and care. The aim of this study was to contrast patient, family member and professional experience of primary and secondary (usual) care led memory services. METHODS: A qualitative, participatory study. A topic guide was developed by the peer and professional panels. Data were collected through peer led interviews of people with dementia, their family members and health professionals. RESULTS: Eleven (21%) of the 53 GP practices in Bristol offered primary care led dementia services. Three professional panels were held and were attended by 9 professionals; nine carers but no patients were involved in the three peer panels. These panels identified four main themes: GPs rarely make independent dementia diagnosis; GPs and memory nurses work together; patients and carers generally experience a high quality diagnostic service; an absence of post diagnostic support. Evidence relating to these themes was collected through a total of 46 participants took part; 23 (50%) in primary care and 23 (50%) in the memory service. CONCLUSIONS: Patients and carers were generally satisfied with either primary or secondary care led approaches to dementia diagnosis. Their major concern, shared with many health care professionals, was a lack of post diagnostic support.

Published
2014

14. Thesis Abstract 'Amphorae: The Plastic Bags of the Ancient Mediterranean. A Detailed Catalogue of Some Amphorae from the Macquarie University Museum of Ancient Cultures'

Author

Dodd, E and Dodd, E

Abstract

In the ancient Mediterranean ships provided the most economical means of transporting bulk cargoes, in particular those commodities essential to the upkeep of a civilised lifestyle. All too many voyages, however, ended in tragedy, providing in this melancholy way invaluable evidence for shipping lanes, trade routes and the commodities being transported. Whilst little remains of the commodities themselves, the ceramic wares they were packaged in offer much information for the study of antique trade. The most common of these bulk containers was the amphora, used to carry indispensable agricultural produce in vast quantities from one end of the known world to the other and everywhere in between. As one of the fundamental transport mechanisms in antiquity, amphorae played a large role in both interregional large-scale trade, and the local agricultural and domestic markets. This dissertation examined four amphorae recently acquired by the Macquarie University Museum of Ancient Cultures to inquire into their geographical origins, date, usage and distribution patterns. This led to a synthesis of the data gathered and allowed extrapolations to be created from that data, including the creation of projected trade routes for each type of amphora, the calculation and analysis of the efficiency of each amphora, a discussion of the differences between amphora trade on a cabotage or tramping basis as compared to a direct and anticipated movement, an examination of amphorae’s role in the greater ancient economy, and a discussion regarding the potential future of amphorology.

Published
2014

15. From Hispania to the Chalkidiki: A Detailed Study of Transport Amphorae from the Macquarie University Museum of Ancient Cultures

Author

Dodd, E and Dodd, E

Abstract

This study considers a collection of four diverse amphorae recently acquired by the Macquarie University Museum of Ancient Cultures. Upon commencing, these ceramic vessels bore no information regarding distribution or contents and were largely unanalyzed and unpublished. This paper seeks to determine what they can reveal through a detailed study of their origins, provenance, principal contents, and potential distribution. It is hoped that this information will aid in the analysis of larger trade networks for these amphora types along with their role in the economies of the ancient Mediterranean.

Published
2014

16. Thesis Abstract 'Amphorae: The Plastic Bags of the Ancient Mediterranean. A Detailed Catalogue of Some Amphorae from the Macquarie University Museum of Ancient Cultures'

Author

Dodd, E and Dodd, E

Abstract

In the ancient Mediterranean ships provided the most economical means of transporting bulk cargoes, in particular those commodities essential to the upkeep of a civilised lifestyle. All too many voyages, however, ended in tragedy, providing in this melancholy way invaluable evidence for shipping lanes, trade routes and the commodities being transported. Whilst little remains of the commodities themselves, the ceramic wares they were packaged in offer much information for the study of antique trade. The most common of these bulk containers was the amphora, used to carry indispensable agricultural produce in vast quantities from one end of the known world to the other and everywhere in between. As one of the fundamental transport mechanisms in antiquity, amphorae played a large role in both interregional large-scale trade, and the local agricultural and domestic markets. This dissertation examined four amphorae recently acquired by the Macquarie University Museum of Ancient Cultures to inquire into their geographical origins, date, usage and distribution patterns. This led to a synthesis of the data gathered and allowed extrapolations to be created from that data, including the creation of projected trade routes for each type of amphora, the calculation and analysis of the efficiency of each amphora, a discussion of the differences between amphora trade on a cabotage or tramping basis as compared to a direct and anticipated movement, an examination of amphorae’s role in the greater ancient economy, and a discussion regarding the potential future of amphorology.

Published
2014

17. Thesis Abstract 'Amphorae: The Plastic Bags of the Ancient Mediterranean. A Detailed Catalogue of Some Amphorae from the Macquarie University Museum of Ancient Cultures'

Author

Dodd, E and Dodd, E

Abstract

In the ancient Mediterranean ships provided the most economical means of transporting bulk cargoes, in particular those commodities essential to the upkeep of a civilised lifestyle. All too many voyages, however, ended in tragedy, providing in this melancholy way invaluable evidence for shipping lanes, trade routes and the commodities being transported. Whilst little remains of the commodities themselves, the ceramic wares they were packaged in offer much information for the study of antique trade. The most common of these bulk containers was the amphora, used to carry indispensable agricultural produce in vast quantities from one end of the known world to the other and everywhere in between. As one of the fundamental transport mechanisms in antiquity, amphorae played a large role in both interregional large-scale trade, and the local agricultural and domestic markets. This dissertation examined four amphorae recently acquired by the Macquarie University Museum of Ancient Cultures to inquire into their geographical origins, date, usage and distribution patterns. This led to a synthesis of the data gathered and allowed extrapolations to be created from that data, including the creation of projected trade routes for each type of amphora, the calculation and analysis of the efficiency of each amphora, a discussion of the differences between amphora trade on a cabotage or tramping basis as compared to a direct and anticipated movement, an examination of amphorae’s role in the greater ancient economy, and a discussion regarding the potential future of amphorology.

Published
2014

18. From Hispania to the Chalkidiki: A Detailed Study of Transport Amphorae from the Macquarie University Museum of Ancient Cultures

Author

Dodd, E and Dodd, E

Abstract

This study considers a collection of four diverse amphorae recently acquired by the Macquarie University Museum of Ancient Cultures. Upon commencing, these ceramic vessels bore no information regarding distribution or contents and were largely unanalyzed and unpublished. This paper seeks to determine what they can reveal through a detailed study of their origins, provenance, principal contents, and potential distribution. It is hoped that this information will aid in the analysis of larger trade networks for these amphora types along with their role in the economies of the ancient Mediterranean.

Published
2014

19. From Hispania to the Chalkidiki: A Detailed Study of Transport Amphorae from the Macquarie University Museum of Ancient Cultures

Author

Dodd, E and Dodd, E

Abstract

This study considers a collection of four diverse amphorae recently acquired by the Macquarie University Museum of Ancient Cultures. Upon commencing, these ceramic vessels bore no information regarding distribution or contents and were largely unanalyzed and unpublished. This paper seeks to determine what they can reveal through a detailed study of their origins, provenance, principal contents, and potential distribution. It is hoped that this information will aid in the analysis of larger trade networks for these amphora types along with their role in the economies of the ancient Mediterranean.

Published
2014

20. Electron acceleration by nonlinear plasma waves resonantly driven with optimized high???intensity laser pulse trains

Author

Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Space Physics Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, District of Columbia, Umstadter, D., Kim, J., Esarey, E., Dodd, E., Neubert, T., Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Space Physics Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, District of Columbia, Umstadter, D., Kim, J., Esarey, E., Dodd, E., and Neubert, T.

Abstract

A method for generating large???amplitude nonlinear plasma waves, which utilizes an optimized train of independently adjustable, intense laser pulses, is analyzed in one dimension both theoretically and numerically (using both Maxwell???fluid and particle???in???cell codes). Optimal pulse widths and interpulse spacings are computed for pulses with either square or finite???rise???time sine shapes. A resonant region of the plasma wave phase space is found where the plasma wave is driven most efficiently by the laser pulses. The width of this region, and thus the optimal finite???rise???time laser pulse width, was found to decrease with increasing background plasma density and plasma wave amplitude, while the nonlinear plasma wavelength, and thus the optimal interpulse spacing, increases. Also investigated are damping of the wave by trapped background electrons, and the sensitivities of the resonance to variations in the laser and plasma parameters. Resonant excitation is found to be superior for electron acceleration to either beatwave or single???pulse excitation because comparable plasma wave amplitudes may be generated at lower plasma densities, reducing electron???phase detuning, or at lower laser intensities, reducing laser???plasma instabilities. Practical experimental methods for producing the required pulse trains are discussed. ??1996 American Institute of Physics.

Published
2011

21. The first experiments on the National Ignition Facility

Author

Landen, O. L., Glenzer, S., Froula, D., Dewald, E., Suter, L. J., Schneider, M., Hinkel, D., Fernandez, J., Kline, J., Goldman, S., Braun, D., Celliers, P., Moon, S., Robey, H., Lanier, N., Glendinning, G., Blue, B., Wilde, B., Jones, O., Schein, J., Divol, L., Kalantar, D., Campbell, K., Holder, J., McDonald, J., Niemann, C., Mackinnon, A., Collins, R., Bradley, D., Eggert, J., Hicks, D., Gregori, G., Kirkwood, R., Young, B., Foster, J., Hansen, F., Perry, T., Munro, D., Baldis, H., Grim, G., Heeter, R., Hegelich, B., Montgomery, D., Rochau, G., Olson, R., Turner, R., Workman, J., Berger, R., Cohen, B., Kruer, W., Langdon, B., Langer, S., Meezan, N., Rose, H., Still, B., Williams, E., Dodd, E., Edwards, J., Monteil, M. C., Stevenson, M., Thomas, B., Coker, R., Magelssen, G., Rosen, P., Stry, P., Woods, D., Weber, S., Alvarez, S., Armstrong, G., Bahr, R., Bourgade, J. L., Bower, D., Celeste, J., Chrisp, M., Compton, S., Cox, J., Constantin, C., Costa, R., Duncan, J., Ellis, A., Emig, J., Gautier, C., Greenwood, A., Griffith, R., Holdner, F., Holtmeier, G., Hargrove, D., James, T., Kamperschroer, J., Kimbrough, J., Landon, M., Lee, D., Malone, R., May, M., Montelongo, S., Moody, J., Ng, E., Nikitin, A., Pellinen, D., Piston, K., Poole, M., Rekow, V., Rhodes, M., Shepherd, R., Shiromizu, S., Voloshin, D., Warrick, A., Watts, P., Weber, F., Young, P., Arnold, P., Atherton, L., Bardsley, G., Bonanno, R., Borger, T., Bowers, M., Bryant, R., Buckman, S., Burkhart, S., Cooper, F., Dixit, S., Erbert, G., Eder, D., Ehrlich, B., Felker, B., Fornes, J., Frieders, G., Gardner, S., Gates, C., Gonzalez, M., Grace, S., Hall, T., Haynam, C., Heestand, G., Henesian, M., Hermann, M., Hermes, G., Huber, S., Jancaitis, K., Johnson, S., Kauffman, B., Kelleher, T., Kohut, T., Koniges, A. E., Labiak, T., Latray, D., Lee, A., Lund, D., Mahavandi, S., Manes, K. R., Marshall, C., McBride, J., McCarville, T., McGrew, L., Menapace, J., Mertens, E., Murray, J., Neumann, J., Newton, M., Opsahl, P., Padilla, E., Parham, T., Parrish, G., Petty, C., Polk, M., Powell, C., Reinbachs, I., Rinnert, R., Riordan, B., Ross, G., Robert, V., Tobin, M., Sailors, S., Saunders, R., Schmitt, M., Shaw, M., Singh, M., Spaeth, M., Stephens, A., Tietbohl, G., Tuck, J., Van Wonterghem, B., Vidal, R., Wegner, P., Whitman, P., Williams, K., Winward, K., Work, K., Wallace, R., Nobile, A., Bono, M., Day, B., Elliott, J., Hatch, D., Louis, H., Manzenares, R., O'Brien, D., Papin, P., Pierce, T., Rivera, G., Ruppe, J., Sandoval, D., Schmidt, D., Valdez, L., Zapata, K., MacGowan, B., Eckart, M., Hsing, W., Springer, P., Hammel, B., Moses, E., Miller, G., Landen, O. L., Glenzer, S., Froula, D., Dewald, E., Suter, L. J., Schneider, M., Hinkel, D., Fernandez, J., Kline, J., Goldman, S., Braun, D., Celliers, P., Moon, S., Robey, H., Lanier, N., Glendinning, G., Blue, B., Wilde, B., Jones, O., Schein, J., Divol, L., Kalantar, D., Campbell, K., Holder, J., McDonald, J., Niemann, C., Mackinnon, A., Collins, R., Bradley, D., Eggert, J., Hicks, D., Gregori, G., Kirkwood, R., Young, B., Foster, J., Hansen, F., Perry, T., Munro, D., Baldis, H., Grim, G., Heeter, R., Hegelich, B., Montgomery, D., Rochau, G., Olson, R., Turner, R., Workman, J., Berger, R., Cohen, B., Kruer, W., Langdon, B., Langer, S., Meezan, N., Rose, H., Still, B., Williams, E., Dodd, E., Edwards, J., Monteil, M. C., Stevenson, M., Thomas, B., Coker, R., Magelssen, G., Rosen, P., Stry, P., Woods, D., Weber, S., Alvarez, S., Armstrong, G., Bahr, R., Bourgade, J. L., Bower, D., Celeste, J., Chrisp, M., Compton, S., Cox, J., Constantin, C., Costa, R., Duncan, J., Ellis, A., Emig, J., Gautier, C., Greenwood, A., Griffith, R., Holdner, F., Holtmeier, G., Hargrove, D., James, T., Kamperschroer, J., Kimbrough, J., Landon, M., Lee, D., Malone, R., May, M., Montelongo, S., Moody, J., Ng, E., Nikitin, A., Pellinen, D., Piston, K., Poole, M., Rekow, V., Rhodes, M., Shepherd, R., Shiromizu, S., Voloshin, D., Warrick, A., Watts, P., Weber, F., Young, P., Arnold, P., Atherton, L., Bardsley, G., Bonanno, R., Borger, T., Bowers, M., Bryant, R., Buckman, S., Burkhart, S., Cooper, F., Dixit, S., Erbert, G., Eder, D., Ehrlich, B., Felker, B., Fornes, J., Frieders, G., Gardner, S., Gates, C., Gonzalez, M., Grace, S., Hall, T., Haynam, C., Heestand, G., Henesian, M., Hermann, M., Hermes, G., Huber, S., Jancaitis, K., Johnson, S., Kauffman, B., Kelleher, T., Kohut, T., Koniges, A. E., Labiak, T., Latray, D., Lee, A., Lund, D., Mahavandi, S., Manes, K. R., Marshall, C., McBride, J., McCarville, T., McGrew, L., Menapace, J., Mertens, E., Murray, J., Neumann, J., Newton, M., Opsahl, P., Padilla, E., Parham, T., Parrish, G., Petty, C., Polk, M., Powell, C., Reinbachs, I., Rinnert, R., Riordan, B., Ross, G., Robert, V., Tobin, M., Sailors, S., Saunders, R., Schmitt, M., Shaw, M., Singh, M., Spaeth, M., Stephens, A., Tietbohl, G., Tuck, J., Van Wonterghem, B., Vidal, R., Wegner, P., Whitman, P., Williams, K., Winward, K., Work, K., Wallace, R., Nobile, A., Bono, M., Day, B., Elliott, J., Hatch, D., Louis, H., Manzenares, R., O'Brien, D., Papin, P., Pierce, T., Rivera, G., Ruppe, J., Sandoval, D., Schmidt, D., Valdez, L., Zapata, K., MacGowan, B., Eckart, M., Hsing, W., Springer, P., Hammel, B., Moses, E., and Miller, G.

Abstract

A first set of shock propagation, laser-plasma interaction, hohlraum energetics and hydrodynamic experiments have been performed using the first 4 beams of the National Ignition Facility (NIF), in support of indirect drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and high energy density physics.

Published
2006

22. Muon trigger counters for a hadron collider experiment

Author

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow Region, 142284, Russian Federation, Chapman, Jay W., Dodd, E., Hong, S., Mann, J., Thun, R., Weaverdyck, Curtis, Yale, K., Kubarovsky, V., Rykalin, V., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow Region, 142284, Russian Federation, Chapman, Jay W., Dodd, E., Hong, S., Mann, J., Thun, R., Weaverdyck, Curtis, Yale, K., Kubarovsky, V., and Rykalin, V.

Abstract

We describe the design and performance of prototype trigger counters for the SDC muon system. The 1.0 x 48.7 x 178.7 cm scintillation counters feature compact light guides, use standard 2 in. phototubes, and provide good photoelectron yields (>25) and time resolution (<1 ns).

Published
2006

23. Developments in Relativistic Nonlinear Optics

Author

Umstadter, Donald P, Banerjee, Sudeep, Chen, Shouyuan, Dodd, E., Flippo, K., Maksimchuk, Anatoly, Saleh, N., Valenzuela, A., Zhang, P., Umstadter, Donald P, Banerjee, Sudeep, Chen, Shouyuan, Dodd, E., Flippo, K., Maksimchuk, Anatoly, Saleh, N., Valenzuela, A., and Zhang, P.

Abstract

We report recent results of experiments and simulations in the regime of peak laser intensities above 1019 W/cm2, including the following topics: (1) electron and proton acceleration to energies in excess of 10 MeV in well collimated beams; (2) use of laser chirp to control the growth of plasma waves and acceleration of electrons by the Raman instability; (3) all optical injection and acceleration of electrons; (4) relativistic self-focusing by means of the mutual index of refraction of two overlapping laser pulses; (5) creation of a radioisotope by the reaction 10B(d,n)11C; (6) high-order harmonic generation from relativistic free electrons in an underdense plasma.

Published
2002

24. Developments in Relativistic Nonlinear Optics

Author

Umstadter, Donald P, Banerjee, Sudeep, Chen, Shouyuan, Dodd, E., Flippo, K., Maksimchuk, Anatoly, Saleh, N., Valenzuela, A., Zhang, P., Umstadter, Donald P, Banerjee, Sudeep, Chen, Shouyuan, Dodd, E., Flippo, K., Maksimchuk, Anatoly, Saleh, N., Valenzuela, A., and Zhang, P.

Abstract

We report recent results of experiments and simulations in the regime of peak laser intensities above 1019 W/cm2, including the following topics: (1) electron and proton acceleration to energies in excess of 10 MeV in well collimated beams; (2) use of laser chirp to control the growth of plasma waves and acceleration of electrons by the Raman instability; (3) all optical injection and acceleration of electrons; (4) relativistic self-focusing by means of the mutual index of refraction of two overlapping laser pulses; (5) creation of a radioisotope by the reaction 10B(d,n)11C; (6) high-order harmonic generation from relativistic free electrons in an underdense plasma.

Published
2002

25. Electron Injection by Dephasing Electrons with Laser Fields

Author

Dodd, E., Kim, J.K., Umstadter, Donald P., Dodd, E., Kim, J.K., and Umstadter, Donald P.

Abstract

The authors seek to review injection concepts for plasma based acceleration. It is shown that regardless of injection mechanism, resultant beams will be similar due to wave structure. Also, most schemes employ the same basic processes, namely the dephasing of electrons by laser fields, and can thus be analyzed with similar approaches.

Published
1999

26. Electron Injection by Dephasing Electrons with Laser Fields

Author

Dodd, E., Kim, J.K., Umstadter, Donald P., Dodd, E., Kim, J.K., and Umstadter, Donald P.

Abstract

The authors seek to review injection concepts for plasma based acceleration. It is shown that regardless of injection mechanism, resultant beams will be similar due to wave structure. Also, most schemes employ the same basic processes, namely the dephasing of electrons by laser fields, and can thus be analyzed with similar approaches.

Published
1999

27. Laser Injection of Ultrashort Electron Pulses into Wakefield Plasma Waves

Author

Umstadter, Donald P., Kim, J.K., Dodd, E., Umstadter, Donald P., Kim, J.K., and Dodd, E.

Abstract

A novel laser-plasma-based source of relativistic electrons is described. It involves a combination of orthogonally directed laser beams, which are focused in a plasma. One beam excites a wakefield electron plasma wave. Another locally alters the trajectory of some of the electrons in such a way that they can be accelerated and trapped by the wave. With currently available table-top terawatt lasers, a single ultrashort-duration electron bunch can be accelerated to multi-MeV energies in a fraction of a millimeter, with femtosecond synchronization between the light pulse, the electron bunch, and the plasma wave. Both analytical and numerical-simulation results are presented.

Published
1996

28. Resonantly laser-driven plasma waves for electron acceleration

Author

Umstadter, Donald P., Kim, J., Esarey, Eric, Dodd, E., Neubert, T., Umstadter, Donald P., Kim, J., Esarey, Eric, Dodd, E., and Neubert, T.

Abstract

A method for generating large-amplitude nonlinear plasma waves, which utilizes an optimized train of independently adjustable, intense laser pulses, is analyzed in one dimension both theoretically and numerically (using both Maxwell-fluid and particle-in-cell codes). Optimal pulse widths and interpulse spacings are computed for pulses with either square or finite-rise-time sine shapes. A resonant region of the plasma wave phase space is found where the plasma wave is driven most efficiently by the laser pulses. The width of this region, and thus the optimal finite-rise-time laser pulse width, was found to decrease with increasing background plasma density and plasma wave amplitude, while the nonlinear plasma wavelength, and thus the optimal interpulse spacing, increases. Also investigated are damping of the wave by trapped background electrons and the sensitivities of the resonance to variations in the laser and plasma parameters. Resonant excitation is found to be superior for electron acceleration to either beat-wave or single-pulse excitation because comparable plasma-wave amplitudes may be generated at lower plasma densities, reducing electron-phase detuning, or at lower laser intensities, reducing laser-plasma instabilities. Practical experimental methods for producing the required pulse trains are discussed.

Published
1995

29. Resonantly laser-driven plasma waves for electron acceleration

Author

Umstadter, Donald P., Kim, J., Esarey, Eric, Dodd, E., Neubert, T., Umstadter, Donald P., Kim, J., Esarey, Eric, Dodd, E., and Neubert, T.

Abstract

A method for generating large-amplitude nonlinear plasma waves, which utilizes an optimized train of independently adjustable, intense laser pulses, is analyzed in one dimension both theoretically and numerically (using both Maxwell-fluid and particle-in-cell codes). Optimal pulse widths and interpulse spacings are computed for pulses with either square or finite-rise-time sine shapes. A resonant region of the plasma wave phase space is found where the plasma wave is driven most efficiently by the laser pulses. The width of this region, and thus the optimal finite-rise-time laser pulse width, was found to decrease with increasing background plasma density and plasma wave amplitude, while the nonlinear plasma wavelength, and thus the optimal interpulse spacing, increases. Also investigated are damping of the wave by trapped background electrons and the sensitivities of the resonance to variations in the laser and plasma parameters. Resonant excitation is found to be superior for electron acceleration to either beat-wave or single-pulse excitation because comparable plasma-wave amplitudes may be generated at lower plasma densities, reducing electron-phase detuning, or at lower laser intensities, reducing laser-plasma instabilities. Practical experimental methods for producing the required pulse trains are discussed.

Published
1995

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