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The digitalization of the road transport sector necessitates the exploration of new sensing technologies that are cost-effective, high-performing, and durable. Traditional sensing systems suffer from limitations, including incompatibility with asphalt mixtures and low durability. To address these challenges, the development of self-sensing asphalt pavements has emerged as a promising solution. These pavements are composed of stimuli-responsive materials capable of exhibiting changes in their electrical properties in response to external stimuli such as strain, damage, temperature, and humidity. Self-sensing asphalt pavements have numerous applications, including in relation to structural health monitoring (SHM), traffic monitoring, Digital Twins (DT), and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communication (V2I) tools. This paper serves as a foundation for the advancement of self-sensing asphalt pavements by providing a comprehensive review of the underlying principles, the composition of asphalt-based self-sensing materials, laboratory assessment techniques, and the full-scale implementation of this innovative technology.

The advent of wireless technologies has led to the development of novel services for end-users, with stringent needs and requirements. High availability, very high throughput, low latency, and reliability are all of them crucial performance parameters. To address these demands, emerging technologies, such as non-terrestrial networks or millimeter wave (mmWave), are being included in 5G and Beyond 5G (B5G) specifications. mmWave enables massive data transmissions, at the expense of a more hostile propagation, typical for high frequency bands. Consequently, the inherent instability of the physical channel significantly affects the upper layers of the protocol stack, resulting in congestion and data losses, which might strongly hinder the overall communication performance. These challenges can be addressed not only at the link layer, but at any affected layer. QUIC is a new transport protocol designed to reduce communications latency in many ways. Among other features, it enables the use of multiple streams to effectively manage data flows sent through its underlying UDP socket. This paper introduces an implementation of priority-based stream schedulers along with the design of a flexible interface. Exploiting the proposed approach, applications are able to set the required scheduling scheme, as well as the stream priorities. The feasibility of the proposed approach is validated through an extensive experiment campaign, which combines Docker containers, the ns-3 simulator and the Mahimahi framework, which is exploited to introduce realistic mmWave channel traces. The results evince that an appropriate stream scheduler can indeed yield lower delays for time-sensitive applications by up to 36% under unreliable conditions.

The advent of wireless technologies has led to the development of novel services for end-users, with stringent needs and requirements. High availability, very high throughput, low latency, and reliability are all of them crucial performance parameters. To address these demands, emerging technologies, such as non-terrestrial networks or millimeter wave (mmWave), are being included in 5G and Beyond 5G (B5G) specifications. mmWave enables massive data transmissions, at the expense of a more hostile propagation, typical for high frequency bands. Consequently, the inherent instability of the physical channel significantly affects the upper layers of the protocol stack, resulting in congestion and data losses, which might strongly hinder the overall communication performance. These challenges can be addressed not only at the link layer, but at any affected layer. QUIC is a new transport protocol designed to reduce communications latency in many ways. Among other features, it enables the use of multiple streams to effectively manage data flows sent through its underlying UDP socket. This paper introduces an implementation of priority-based stream schedulers along with the design of a flexible interface. Exploiting the proposed approach, applications are able to set the required scheduling scheme, as well as the stream priorities. The feasibility of the proposed approach is validated through an extensive experiment campaign, which combines Docker containers, the ns-3 simulator and the Mahimahi framework, which is exploited to introduce realistic mmWave channel traces. The results evince that an appropriate stream scheduler can indeed yield lower delays for time-sensitive applications by up to 36% under unreliable conditions.

The advent of wireless technologies has led to the development of novel services for end-users, with stringent needs and requirements. High availability, very high throughput, low latency, and reliability are all of them crucial performance parameters. To address these demands, emerging technologies, such as non-terrestrial networks or millimeter wave (mmWave), are being included in 5G and Beyond 5G (B5G) specifications. mmWave enables massive data transmissions, at the expense of a more hostile propagation, typical for high frequency bands. Consequently, the inherent instability of the physical channel significantly affects the upper layers of the protocol stack, resulting in congestion and data losses, which might strongly hinder the overall communication performance. These challenges can be addressed not only at the link layer, but at any affected layer. QUIC is a new transport protocol designed to reduce communications latency in many ways. Among other features, it enables the use of multiple streams to effectively manage data flows sent through its underlying UDP socket. This paper introduces an implementation of priority-based stream schedulers along with the design of a flexible interface. Exploiting the proposed approach, applications are able to set the required scheduling scheme, as well as the stream priorities. The feasibility of the proposed approach is validated through an extensive experiment campaign, which combines Docker containers, the ns-3 simulator and the Mahimahi framework, which is exploited to introduce realistic mmWave channel traces. The results evince that an appropriate stream scheduler can indeed yield lower delays for time-sensitive applications by up to 36% under unreliable conditions.

The advent of wireless technologies has led to the development of novel services for end-users, with stringent needs and requirements. High availability, very high throughput, low latency, and reliability are all of them crucial performance parameters. To address these demands, emerging technologies, such as non-terrestrial networks or millimeter wave (mmWave), are being included in 5G and Beyond 5G (B5G) specifications. mmWave enables massive data transmissions, at the expense of a more hostile propagation, typical for high frequency bands. Consequently, the inherent instability of the physical channel significantly affects the upper layers of the protocol stack, resulting in congestion and data losses, which might strongly hinder the overall communication performance. These challenges can be addressed not only at the link layer, but at any affected layer. QUIC is a new transport protocol designed to reduce communications latency in many ways. Among other features, it enables the use of multiple streams to effectively manage data flows sent through its underlying UDP socket. This paper introduces an implementation of priority-based stream schedulers along with the design of a flexible interface. Exploiting the proposed approach, applications are able to set the required scheduling scheme, as well as the stream priorities. The feasibility of the proposed approach is validated through an extensive experiment campaign, which combines Docker containers, the ns-3 simulator and the Mahimahi framework, which is exploited to introduce realistic mmWave channel traces. The results evince that an appropriate stream scheduler can indeed yield lower delays for time-sensitive applications by up to 36% under unreliable conditions.

The advent of wireless technologies has led to the development of novel services for end-users, with stringent needs and requirements. High availability, very high throughput, low latency, and reliability are all of them crucial performance parameters. To address these demands, emerging technologies, such as non-terrestrial networks or millimeter wave (mmWave), are being included in 5G and Beyond 5G (B5G) specifications. mmWave enables massive data transmissions, at the expense of a more hostile propagation, typical for high frequency bands. Consequently, the inherent instability of the physical channel significantly affects the upper layers of the protocol stack, resulting in congestion and data losses, which might strongly hinder the overall communication performance. These challenges can be addressed not only at the link layer, but at any affected layer. QUIC is a new transport protocol designed to reduce communications latency in many ways. Among other features, it enables the use of multiple streams to effectively manage data flows sent through its underlying UDP socket. This paper introduces an implementation of priority-based stream schedulers along with the design of a flexible interface. Exploiting the proposed approach, applications are able to set the required scheduling scheme, as well as the stream priorities. The feasibility of the proposed approach is validated through an extensive experiment campaign, which combines Docker containers, the ns-3 simulator and the Mahimahi framework, which is exploited to introduce realistic mmWave channel traces. The results evince that an appropriate stream scheduler can indeed yield lower delays for time-sensitive applications by up to 36% under unreliable conditions.

The advent of mobile technologies has led to the development of novel services for end-users, with stringent needs and requirements. In the scope of 5G and Beyond 5G systems, non-Terrestrial networks are being considered to meet such demands, with special emphasis on high-speed communications and low latency. QUIC is a new transport protocol designed to reduce communications latency in many ways. Among other features, it enables the use of multiple streams to effectively manage data flows sent through its underlying UDP socket. This paper introduces an implementation of priority-based stream schedulers along with the design of a flexible interface. Exploiting the proposed approach, applications are able to set the required scheduling scheme, as well as the stream priorities. The feasibility of the proposed approach is validated through an extensive experiment campaign, which combines Docker containers and the ns-3 simulator to emulate different connectivity characteristics. The results evince that an appropriate stream scheduler can indeed yield lower delays for strict time-sensitive applications by up to 36% under unreliable conditions.

The formal reason of Deity crossed the life and work of R. Garrigou-Lagrange and from whose contemplation the philosophical, theological and mystical aspects of his thought radiated. This formal reason assumes not only the multiplicity of absolute perfections found in creatures and analogically predicated of God, but also his one and triune essence. Our work seeks to investigate the roots, development and contribution of Fr. Garrigou's thought for the contemplation of the divine essence according to the imperfect way of the human intellect during this life and the participation of this essence through sanctifying grace., La razón formal de deidad atravesó la vida y obra de R. Garrigou-Lagrange y de cuya contemplación se irradiaron los aspectos filosóficos, teológicos y místicos de su pensamiento. Esta razón formal supone no sólo la multiplicidad de perfecciones absolutas encontradas en las creaturas y predicadas analógicamente a Dios, sino también, su esencia una y trina. Nuestro trabajo busca indagar en las raíces, el desarrollo y el aporte del pensamiento del P. Garrigou para la contemplación de la esencia divina de acuerdo al modo imperfecto del intelecto humano durante esta vida y la participación de la misma a través de la gracia santificante.

As global cellular networks converge to 5G, one question lingers: Are we ready for the 5G challenge? A growing concern surrounds how well do existing congestion control algorithms perform in diverse 5G networks. Given that 5G networks are not yet widely deployed, assessing the performance of existing congestion control algorithms in realistic 5G settings presents several challenges. Moreover, existing network simulation and emulation environments are also not ideally suited to address the unique challenges of 5G network environments. Therefore, building a simple and easily accessible platform becomes crucial to allow testing and comparison of congestion control algorithms under different testing conditions. This paper makes two main contributions. First, we present Zeus, an open-source testbed that emulates 5G channels to evaluate congestion control algorithms in a repeatable and reproducible manner. Second, we assess and characterize ten of today's state-of-the-art congestion control algorithms under different 5G environments and show the difficulties of these solutions to achieve high performance under highly varying 5G channel conditions. In addition, we also utilize the recently proposed harm metric to characterize the detriment done by such algorithms to TCP Cubic cross traffic in 5G environments., Comment: 21 pages, 18 figures

Although we have reached new levels in smart city installations and systems, efforts so far have focused on providing diverse sources of data to smart city services consumers while neglecting to provide ways to simplify making good use of them. In this context, one first step that will bring added value to smart cities is knowledge creation in smart cities through anomaly detection and data annotation, supported in both an automated and a crowdsourced manner. We present here LearningCity, our solution that has been validated over an existing smart city deployment in Santander, and the OrganiCity experimentation-as-a-service ecosystem. We discuss key challenges along with characteristic use cases, and report on our design and implementation, together with some preliminary results derived from combining large smart city datasets with machine learning., Comment: Preprint of chapter submitted to "Smart Cities Performability, Cognition, & Security". EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing. Springer, Cham. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2103.16998

Smart cities solutions are often monolithically implemented, from sensors data handling through to the provided services. The same challenges are regularly faced by different developers, for every new solution in a new city. Expertise and know-how can be re-used and the effort shared. In this article we present the methodologies to minimize the efforts of implementing new smart city solutions and maximizing the sharing of components. The final target is to have a live technical community of smart city application developers. The results of this activity comes from the implementation of 35 city services in 27 cities between Europe and South Korea. To share efforts, we encourage developers to devise applications using a modular approach. Single-function components that are re-usable by other city services are packaged and published as standalone components, named Atomic Services. We identify 15 atomic services addressing smart city challenges in data analytics, data evaluation, data integration, data validation, and visualization. 38 instances of the atomic services are already operational in several smart city services. We detail in this article, as atomic service examples, some data predictor components. Furthermore, we describe real-world atomic services usage in the scenarios of Santander and three Danish cities. The resulting atomic services also generate a side market for smart city solutions, allowing expertise and know-how to be re-used by different stakeholders., Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, 4 Tables, to be published in IEEE IoT Journal

In a world with an ever increasing urbanization, governance is investigating innovative solutions to sustain the society evolution. Internet-of-Things promises huge benefits for cities and the proliferation of smart city deployments demonstrates the common acceptance of IoT as basis for many solutions. The city pilots developments occurred in parallel and with different designs thus creating fragmentation of IoT. The European project SynchroniCity aims to synchronize 8 smart cities to establish a shared environment fostering a self-sustained business growth. In this article we present the collaborative methodology and shared efforts spent towards the creation of a common ecosystem for the development of smart city services. Our design evolves around the concept of "atomic services" that implements a single functional block to be composed for full-fledged smart city services. This creates opportunities for diverse stakeholders to participate to a global smart cities market. The methodology and outcome of our efforts will be followed by 10 new cities globally, thus expanding the market range for IoT stakeholders, Comment: 2019 IEEE Global Internet-of-Things Summit (GIoTS)

A diferencia del orden natural, el hábito de los primeros principios sobrenaturales no es una especie átoma sino un género de hábitos intelectuales, en el que sobresale el don de intellectus. Para una adecuada comprensión del mismo, Santiago Ramírez rescata dos aspectos particulares del pensamiento de santo Tomás: uno filosófico, la distinción real que existe entre disposición y hábito en el predicamento qualitas; y otro teológico, la distinción real entre virtudes infusas y dones del Espíritu Santo.

A diferencia del orden natural, el hábito de los primeros principios sobrenaturales no es una especie átoma sino un género de hábitos intelectuales, en el que sobresale el don de intellectus. Para una adecuada comprensión del mismo, Santiago Ramírez rescata dos aspectos particulares del pensamiento de santo Tomás: uno filosófico, la distinción real que existe entre disposición y hábito en el predicamento qualitas; y otro teológico, la distinción real entre virtudes infusas y dones del Espíritu Santo.

[ES] A pesar del notable esfuerzo llevado a cabo porla comunidad científica en el ámbito de la tecnología LTE,aún no existe una metodología globalmente aceptada paraanalizar este tipo de redes. Igualmente, no se conoce unaúnica solución que responda a todos los requisitos que sepueden plantear a la hora de acometer su análisis, de modoque se emplean diferentes herramientas y soluciones, cadauna con sus ventajas e inconvenientes. Una de las limitacionesmás importantes es la dificultad para evaluar escenarios conun número elevado de elementos de red, lo que podría reflejarla situación de redes heterogéneas (HetNets). En otros casos,no se presta mucha atención a las características del nivelde servicio, suponiendo habitualmente que el sistema estásaturado (full-buffer). Este trabajo presenta un entorno desimulación flexible y genérico (GWNSyM - Generic WirelessNetwork System Modeler), que permite el despliegue deescenarios complejos, y el análisis de diferentes técnicasy soluciones de gestión, así como nuevas arquitecturas dered. La herramienta se valida analizando una red muyheterogénea, con un elevado número de usuarios. Sobre esteescenario se han analizado diferentes técnicas de acceso, incluyendoDUDe (Downlink-Uplink Decoupling), que planteaun cambio sustancial frente a las soluciones tradicionales deselección de acceso.

[ES] A pesar del notable esfuerzo llevado a cabo porla comunidad científica en el ámbito de la tecnología LTE,aún no existe una metodología globalmente aceptada paraanalizar este tipo de redes. Igualmente, no se conoce unaúnica solución que responda a todos los requisitos que sepueden plantear a la hora de acometer su análisis, de modoque se emplean diferentes herramientas y soluciones, cadauna con sus ventajas e inconvenientes. Una de las limitacionesmás importantes es la dificultad para evaluar escenarios conun número elevado de elementos de red, lo que podría reflejarla situación de redes heterogéneas (HetNets). En otros casos,no se presta mucha atención a las características del nivelde servicio, suponiendo habitualmente que el sistema estásaturado (full-buffer). Este trabajo presenta un entorno desimulación flexible y genérico (GWNSyM - Generic WirelessNetwork System Modeler), que permite el despliegue deescenarios complejos, y el análisis de diferentes técnicasy soluciones de gestión, así como nuevas arquitecturas dered. La herramienta se valida analizando una red muyheterogénea, con un elevado número de usuarios. Sobre esteescenario se han analizado diferentes técnicas de acceso, incluyendoDUDe (Downlink-Uplink Decoupling), que planteaun cambio sustancial frente a las soluciones tradicionales deselección de acceso.

[ES] A pesar del notable esfuerzo llevado a cabo porla comunidad científica en el ámbito de la tecnología LTE,aún no existe una metodología globalmente aceptada paraanalizar este tipo de redes. Igualmente, no se conoce unaúnica solución que responda a todos los requisitos que sepueden plantear a la hora de acometer su análisis, de modoque se emplean diferentes herramientas y soluciones, cadauna con sus ventajas e inconvenientes. Una de las limitacionesmás importantes es la dificultad para evaluar escenarios conun número elevado de elementos de red, lo que podría reflejarla situación de redes heterogéneas (HetNets). En otros casos,no se presta mucha atención a las características del nivelde servicio, suponiendo habitualmente que el sistema estásaturado (full-buffer). Este trabajo presenta un entorno desimulación flexible y genérico (GWNSyM - Generic WirelessNetwork System Modeler), que permite el despliegue deescenarios complejos, y el análisis de diferentes técnicasy soluciones de gestión, así como nuevas arquitecturas dered. La herramienta se valida analizando una red muyheterogénea, con un elevado número de usuarios. Sobre esteescenario se han analizado diferentes técnicas de acceso, incluyendoDUDe (Downlink-Uplink Decoupling), que planteaun cambio sustancial frente a las soluciones tradicionales deselección de acceso.

Mapping aboveground carbon density in tropical forests can support CO2 emissionmonitoring and provide benefits for national resource management. Although LiDAR technology has been shown to be useful for assessing carbon density patterns, the accuracy and generality of calibrations of LiDAR-based aboveground carbon density (ACD) predictions with those obtained from field inventory techniques should be intensified in order to advance tropical forest carbon mapping. Here we present results from the application of a general ACD estimation model applied with small-footprint LiDAR data and field-based estimates of a 50-ha forest plot in Ecuador?s Yasuní National Park. Subplots used for calibration and validation of the general LiDAR equation were selected based on analysis of topographic position and spatial distribution of aboveground carbon stocks. The results showed that stratification of plot locations based on topography can improve the calibration and application of ACD estimation using airborne LiDAR (R2 = 0.94, RMSE = 5.81 Mg?C? ha?1, BIAS = 0.59). These results strongly suggest that a general LiDAR-based approach can be used for mapping aboveground carbon stocks in western lowland Amazonian forests.

Mapping aboveground carbon density in tropical forests can support CO2 emissionmonitoring and provide benefits for national resource management. Although LiDAR technology has been shown to be useful for assessing carbon density patterns, the accuracy and generality of calibrations of LiDAR-based aboveground carbon density (ACD) predictions with those obtained from field inventory techniques should be intensified in order to advance tropical forest carbon mapping. Here we present results from the application of a general ACD estimation model applied with small-footprint LiDAR data and field-based estimates of a 50-ha forest plot in Ecuador?s Yasuní National Park. Subplots used for calibration and validation of the general LiDAR equation were selected based on analysis of topographic position and spatial distribution of aboveground carbon stocks. The results showed that stratification of plot locations based on topography can improve the calibration and application of ACD estimation using airborne LiDAR (R2 = 0.94, RMSE = 5.81 Mg?C? ha?1, BIAS = 0.59). These results strongly suggest that a general LiDAR-based approach can be used for mapping aboveground carbon stocks in western lowland Amazonian forests.

Background: Spirometry is advocated for adults with obstructive lung disease such as asthma or chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), for individuals with risk factors such as cigarette smoking, and for patients with chronic respiratory symptoms. This record review study was performed to determine how frequent medical residents order spirometry for the above indications. Methods: Outpatient general medical clinic records from 337 patients followed in the medical clinics of a large, teaching hospital in an urban setting were reviewed. Inclusion criteria for review included age > 45 yr and one of the following: 1) a diagnosis of asthma and/or COPD, 2) either current or previous cigarette smoking, 3) one or more of the following chronic respiratory symptoms: dyspnea, cough, sputum production. Results: The mean (SD) age was 57 + 10 yr. Of this group, only 31% had spirometry or an order for spirometry documented in the outpatient record. Conclusion: This finding underscores the under-utilization of spirometry as a diagnostic tool, even in an academic setting.

Esta tesis ha sido realizada, sobre el estudio de enfermos vistos en el hospital 12 octubre de Madrid, en el periodo de 1980-1990, que por criterios clínicos, analíticos e histologicos fueron diagnosticados de lupus y esclerodermia; seleccionando aquellos, que presentaban alteraciones histologicas a nivel subcutáneo, con criterios de paniculitis reuniendo 20 enfermos diagnosticados de lupus paniculitis y 19 con paniculitis esclerodermia, asi como el estudio comparativo de los resultados con los descritos en la literatura, en una amplia revisión bibliográfica al respecto.

Se presentan los resultados del estudio clínico, histológico inmunofenotípico e inmunofenotípico de 67 linfomas cutáneos de células t periféricas: 59 pacientes con MF/SS y 8 pacientes con otros linfomas T periféricos no MF/SS. Desde el punto de vista clínico-patológico se destacan las formas inusuales de presentación de MF, se aportan datos de inmunofenotípico útiles para el diagnóstico y el reordenamiento monoclonal en el SO de los estudios cutáneos.

Se presentan los resultados del estudio clínico, histológico inmunofenotípico e inmunofenotípico de 67 linfomas cutáneos de células t periféricas: 59 pacientes con MF/SS y 8 pacientes con otros linfomas T periféricos no MF/SS. Desde el punto de vista clínico-patológico se destacan las formas inusuales de presentación de MF, se aportan datos de inmunofenotípico útiles para el diagnóstico y el reordenamiento monoclonal en el SO de los estudios cutáneos.

Esta tesis ha sido realizada, sobre el estudio de enfermos vistos en el hospital 12 octubre de Madrid, en el periodo de 1980-1990, que por criterios clínicos, analíticos e histologicos fueron diagnosticados de lupus y esclerodermia; seleccionando aquellos, que presentaban alteraciones histologicas a nivel subcutáneo, con criterios de paniculitis reuniendo 20 enfermos diagnosticados de lupus paniculitis y 19 con paniculitis esclerodermia, asi como el estudio comparativo de los resultados con los descritos en la literatura, en una amplia revisión bibliográfica al respecto.

Se presentan los resultados del estudio clínico, histológico inmunofenotípico e inmunofenotípico de 67 linfomas cutáneos de células t periféricas: 59 pacientes con MF/SS y 8 pacientes con otros linfomas T periféricos no MF/SS. Desde el punto de vista clínico-patológico se destacan las formas inusuales de presentación de MF, se aportan datos de inmunofenotípico útiles para el diagnóstico y el reordenamiento monoclonal en el SO de los estudios cutáneos.

Se presentan los resultados del estudio clínico, histológico inmunofenotípico e inmunofenotípico de 67 linfomas cutáneos de células t periféricas: 59 pacientes con MF/SS y 8 pacientes con otros linfomas T periféricos no MF/SS. Desde el punto de vista clínico-patológico se destacan las formas inusuales de presentación de MF, se aportan datos de inmunofenotípico útiles para el diagnóstico y el reordenamiento monoclonal en el SO de los estudios cutáneos.

Esta tesis ha sido realizada, sobre el estudio de enfermos vistos en el hospital 12 octubre de Madrid, en el periodo de 1980-1990, que por criterios clínicos, analíticos e histologicos fueron diagnosticados de lupus y esclerodermia; seleccionando aquellos, que presentaban alteraciones histologicas a nivel subcutáneo, con criterios de paniculitis reuniendo 20 enfermos diagnosticados de lupus paniculitis y 19 con paniculitis esclerodermia, asi como el estudio comparativo de los resultados con los descritos en la literatura, en una amplia revisión bibliográfica al respecto.

Esta tesis ha sido realizada, sobre el estudio de enfermos vistos en el hospital 12 octubre de Madrid, en el periodo de 1980-1990, que por criterios clínicos, analíticos e histologicos fueron diagnosticados de lupus y esclerodermia; seleccionando aquellos, que presentaban alteraciones histologicas a nivel subcutáneo, con criterios de paniculitis reuniendo 20 enfermos diagnosticados de lupus paniculitis y 19 con paniculitis esclerodermia, asi como el estudio comparativo de los resultados con los descritos en la literatura, en una amplia revisión bibliográfica al respecto.

El Sector Retail de Equipos Electronicos en el Perú goza de un fuerte dinamismo gracias a las innovaciones constantes, a las nuevas tendencias de consumo y a los hábitos de compra de los consumidores peruanos. Estos aspectos influyen en el desarrollo y expansión del sector permitiendo su reconocimiento a nivel latinoamericano y favoreciendo el crecimiento económico del país. En un contexto en el cual se vive una estabilidad política y económica que conduce al Perú como uno de los nuevos países emergentes, se espera que los consumidores posean mayor poder adquisitivo para satisfacer las necesidades de los distintos niveles socioeconómicos del país. Actualmente, el Perú cuenta con ventajas comparativas que le permitirán concretar el desarrollo y la evolución de la industria retail. Además, su ubicación geográfica estratégica, la configuración de la población, los Tratados de Libre Comercio y el fomento de la inversión privada favorecen su crecimiento, acompañado de una responsabilidad ambiental cada día más relevante. Sin embargo, la inseguridad, la infraestructura existente, la corrupción e informalidad y el poco conocimiento de la tecnología representan un riesgo para su desarrollo. En ese sentido, es de interés vital para el fortalecimiento del sector, elevar el nivel de satisfacción del consumidor en busca de su bienestar. El estudio comprende una evaluación amplia de la actual situación del sector retail de equipos electrónicos en el Perú y sus expectativas. La ponderación de los factores claves de éxito muestran una posición competitiva favorable del sector en estudio, que han permitido plantear nueve objetivos de largo plazo. Luego del proceso estratégico se han seleccionado estrategias aprovechando la postura agresiva del sector. Se otorga importancia al e-commerce, al manejo de los desechos electrónicos, la entrega de líneas de crédito de entidades financieras, la capacitación del personal, la atención al cliente, el desarrollo de nuevos puntos de ventas, la, Retail Sector of Electronic Equipment in Peru enjoys a strong dynamism thanks to the constant innovations, new trends of consumption and the buying habits of Peruvian consumers. These aspects influence the development and expansion of the sector allowing its recognition at the Latin American level and favoring the economic growth of the country. In a context in which political and economic stability leads to Peru as one of the new emerging countries, consumers are expected to have the purchasing power of the mayor to meet the needs of the country's various socioeconomic levels. Currently, Peru has comparative advantages that allow the concrete development and evolution of the retail industry. In addition, its strategic geographical location, population configuration, Free Trade Agreements and the promotion of private investment favor its growth, accompanied by an increasingly important environmental responsibility. However, insecurity, existing infrastructure, corruption and informality and lack of knowledge of the technology pose a risk to its development. In that sense, it is of vital interest for the strengthening of the sector, raising the level of consumer satisfaction in search of well-being. The study includes a comprehensive assessment of the real situation of the retail sector of electronic equipment in Peru and its expectations. The weighting of the key success factors refers to a favorable competitive position of the sector under study, which has nine long-term objectives. After the strategic process, strategies have been selected taking advantage of the aggressive position of the sector. Emphasis is given to e-commerce, e-waste management, financial institution credit lines, staff training, customer service, the development of new sales outlets, the delivery of innovative products of quality and coordination with private and state entities. After the adequate implementation of the 12 strategies selected in the strategic plan were achieved meet the long-t, Tesis

El Sector Retail de Equipos Electronicos en el Perú goza de un fuerte dinamismo gracias a las innovaciones constantes, a las nuevas tendencias de consumo y a los hábitos de compra de los consumidores peruanos. Estos aspectos influyen en el desarrollo y expansión del sector permitiendo su reconocimiento a nivel latinoamericano y favoreciendo el crecimiento económico del país. En un contexto en el cual se vive una estabilidad política y económica que conduce al Perú como uno de los nuevos países emergentes, se espera que los consumidores posean mayor poder adquisitivo para satisfacer las necesidades de los distintos niveles socioeconómicos del país. Actualmente, el Perú cuenta con ventajas comparativas que le permitirán concretar el desarrollo y la evolución de la industria retail. Además, su ubicación geográfica estratégica, la configuración de la población, los Tratados de Libre Comercio y el fomento de la inversión privada favorecen su crecimiento, acompañado de una responsabilidad ambiental cada día más relevante. Sin embargo, la inseguridad, la infraestructura existente, la corrupción e informalidad y el poco conocimiento de la tecnología representan un riesgo para su desarrollo. En ese sentido, es de interés vital para el fortalecimiento del sector, elevar el nivel de satisfacción del consumidor en busca de su bienestar. El estudio comprende una evaluación amplia de la actual situación del sector retail de equipos electrónicos en el Perú y sus expectativas. La ponderación de los factores claves de éxito muestran una posición competitiva favorable del sector en estudio, que han permitido plantear nueve objetivos de largo plazo. Luego del proceso estratégico se han seleccionado estrategias aprovechando la postura agresiva del sector. Se otorga importancia al e-commerce, al manejo de los desechos electrónicos, la entrega de líneas de crédito de entidades financieras, la capacitación del personal, la atención al cliente, el desarrollo de nuevos puntos de ventas, la, Retail Sector of Electronic Equipment in Peru enjoys a strong dynamism thanks to the constant innovations, new trends of consumption and the buying habits of Peruvian consumers. These aspects influence the development and expansion of the sector allowing its recognition at the Latin American level and favoring the economic growth of the country. In a context in which political and economic stability leads to Peru as one of the new emerging countries, consumers are expected to have the purchasing power of the mayor to meet the needs of the country's various socioeconomic levels. Currently, Peru has comparative advantages that allow the concrete development and evolution of the retail industry. In addition, its strategic geographical location, population configuration, Free Trade Agreements and the promotion of private investment favor its growth, accompanied by an increasingly important environmental responsibility. However, insecurity, existing infrastructure, corruption and informality and lack of knowledge of the technology pose a risk to its development. In that sense, it is of vital interest for the strengthening of the sector, raising the level of consumer satisfaction in search of well-being. The study includes a comprehensive assessment of the real situation of the retail sector of electronic equipment in Peru and its expectations. The weighting of the key success factors refers to a favorable competitive position of the sector under study, which has nine long-term objectives. After the strategic process, strategies have been selected taking advantage of the aggressive position of the sector. Emphasis is given to e-commerce, e-waste management, financial institution credit lines, staff training, customer service, the development of new sales outlets, the delivery of innovative products of quality and coordination with private and state entities. After the adequate implementation of the 12 strategies selected in the strategic plan were achieved meet the long-t