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ARKIVOC: vol. 2010, no. 11, (issn) 1551-7012, (dlps) 5550190.0011.b17, This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License. Please contact mpub-help@umich.edu to use this work in a way not covered by the license.

ARKIVOC: vol. 2010, no. 11, (issn) 1551-7012, (dlps) 5550190.0011.b17, This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License. Please contact mpub-help@umich.edu to use this work in a way not covered by the license.

Dan-dan Feng, Tao Tang, Xiang-ping Lin, Zhao-yu Yang, Shu Yang, Zi-an Xia, Yun Wang, Piao Zheng, Yang Wang, Chun-hu ZhangLaboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of ChinaAbstract: Depression is a major mental disorder, and is currently recognized as the second-leading cause of disability worldwide. However, the therapeutic effect of antidepressants remains unsatisfactory. For centuries, Chinese herbal formulas (CHFs) have been widely used in the treatment of depression, achieving better therapeutic effects than placebo and having fewer side effects than conventional antidepressants. Here, we review the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology studies of nine common CHFs: “banxia houpo” decoction, “chaihu shugansan”, “ganmaidazao” decoction, “kaixinsan”, “shuganjieyu” capsules, “sinisan”, “wuling” capsules, “xiaoyaosan”, and “yueju”. Eight clinical trials and seven meta-analyses have supported the theory that CHFs are effective treatments for depression, decreasing Hamilton Depression Scale scores and showing few adverse effects. Evidence from 75 preclinical studies has also elucidated the multitarget and multipathway mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effect of the nine CHFs. Decoctions, capsules, and pills all showed antidepressant effects, ranked in descending order of efficacy. According to traditional Chinese medicine theory, these CHFs have flexible compatibility and mainly act by soothing the liver and relieving depression. This review highlights the effective treatment choices and candidate compounds for patients, practitioners, and researchers in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. In summary, the current evidence suppor

The electrochemical oxidation behaviors of 4-allylbenzenes (estragole, safrole and eugenol) and 4-propenylbenzenes (anethole, asarone and isoeugenol) on platinum and carbon paste electrodes were investigated in a Britton-Robinson buffer (pH = 2.93 and 10.93), acetate buffer, phosphate buffer solutions (pH = 2.19 and 6.67), and acetonitrile containing various supporting electrolytes examined lithium perchlorate. Their oxidation potential with Hammett (free-energy relationships) and possible reaction mechanisms were discussed.

The electrochemical oxidation behaviors of 4-allylbenzenes (estragole, safrole and eugenol) and 4-propenylbenzenes (anethole, asarone and isoeugenol) on platinum and carbon paste electrodes were investigated in a Britton-Robinson buffer (pH = 2.93 and 10.93), acetate buffer, phosphate buffer solutions (pH = 2.19 and 6.67), and acetonitrile containing various supporting electrolytes examined lithium perchlorate. Their oxidation potential with Hammett (free-energy relationships) and possible reaction mechanisms were discussed.

This research work focused on developing new synthetic methods for various metal oxide nanomaterials with better control of shapes, sizes, phases, structures, and surface properties compared to conventional methods. These as-produced nanomaterials show promising performance as catalysts, battery materials, and coatings. There are four different focused topics included in this work. ^ The first part presents a unique heteroepitaxy growth of nanostructured rutile oxides using cryptomelane MnO2 (OMS-2). This study was conducted with the purpose of developing a simple, inexpensive, and scaleable route to produce nanoscale complex superstructures potentially as a general method for various metal oxides. Materials like rutile TiO 2 and SnO2, and substrate, OMS-2, were selected in this research due to their similar crystal features in heteroepitaxial aspects. ^ The second part of the research demonstrates a general strategy of tuning net redox potentials to controlled the formation of nanoscale particles and their assembly into hollow structures. Several cobalt oxide species and cerium oxide were studied. The as-produced nanostructured CoOOH material has been used a catalyst and precursor to generate many different nanostructured cobalt oxides, Co3O4 and LiCoO2. These cobalt oxide materials show promising performance as catalysts and battery materials. ^ In the third part of this work, the first successful example of a highly water-tolerant, hydrophobic polymer coating on metal oxide catalysts for CO oxidation was conducted. Studies show that protected catalysts have significantly improved lifetimes than uncoated catalysts under highly humid conditions at low temperatures. The results show that this idea is simple, effective, and general for many different metal oxide catalyst systems. Further optimization of this work can lead to the possibility of applying low-cost metal oxide catalysts in many humid conditions to perform particular catalytic reactions. ^ For the fourth

ARKIVOC: vol. 2009, no. 10, (issn) 1551-7012, (dlps) 5550190.0010.a30, This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License. Please contact mpub-help@umich.edu to use this work in a way not covered by the license.

ARKIVOC: vol. 2009, no. 10, (issn) 1551-7012, (dlps) 5550190.0010.a30, This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License. Please contact mpub-help@umich.edu to use this work in a way not covered by the license.

ARKIVOC: vol. 2008, no. 13, (issn) 1551-7012, (dlps) 5550190.0009.d29, This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License. Please contact mpub-help@umich.edu to use this work in a way not covered by the license.

ARKIVOC: vol. 2008, no. 13, (issn) 1551-7012, (dlps) 5550190.0009.d29, This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License. Please contact mpub-help@umich.edu to use this work in a way not covered by the license.