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Xueqin Cao,1 Xianwei Zhang,1 Weihua Meng,2 Hua Zheng1 1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People’s Republic of China; 2Division of Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD2 4BF, Scotland, UKCorrespondence: Hua ZhengDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 27 8366 3173Fax +86 27 8366 2853Email hzheng@hust.edu.cnAbstract: Critical patients with COVID-19 are thought to be at high risk of developing chronic pain. However, the exact nature and mechanisms of COVID-19-related chronic pain remain largely unknown. Here, we describe clinical features, treatments and outcome of herpes zoster as well as postherpetic neuralgia in a 70-year-old woman with critical COVID-19. The patient had a history of type 2 diabetes and myasthenia gravis. She developed herpes zoster in the right 10 to 12 lumbar dermatomes in the recovery period of COVID-19. Intravenous (250 mg 3 times a day) and then oral (400 mg 5 times a day) acyclovir was used for antiviral therapy. Pregabalin (75 mg orally twice a day) and ibuprofen was used for analgesia. Her skin lesions resolved 21 days after the onset of rash. However, she continued to have persistent pain in the same dermatomal distribution. After the dosage of pregabalin was increased to 150 mg orally twice a day, her pain was partially relieved. During the telephone follow-up 4 months after herpes zoster eruption, the patient still complained intermittent pain in the right 10 to 12 lumbar dermatomes. Our case draws attention to postherpetic neuralgia in COVID-19 patients and provides a targeted suggestion for this kind of patients.Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, herpes zoster, postherpetic neuralg

Xueqin Cao, Xianwei Zhang Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China Introduction: Postcesarean section pain management is important for both the mother and the newborn. This study compared the analgesic effects and incidence of adverse events associated with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (iv-PCA), using different sufentanil–tramadol combinations for postoperative pain control.Methods: Parturients (n=5,794) who had been scheduled for cesarean section under neuraxial anesthesia and had received iv-PCA between September 2013 and March 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were assigned to three groups, based on different sufentanil–tramadol combinations: ST1 (n=1,347), ST2 (n=2,401), and ST3 (n=2,046). The analgesic efficacy, total drug consumption, and incidence of adverse effects within 24 hours after surgery were compared among the three groups.Results: The ST3 group had lower visual analog scale pain scores at rest and with movement at all time points during the first 24 hours postoperatively than the other two groups (P<0.01, Bonferroni corrected). The sufentanil dosage administered to the ST3 group was lower, and the tramadol dosage was higher than those administered to the other groups within 24 hours after surgery (P<0.01, Bonferroni corrected). Moreover, all parturients scored 2 points on the Ramsay sedation scale. Adverse reactions such as pruritus and respiratory depression were not observed in any group. No significant differences were noted in the incidence of nausea/vomiting, abdominal distension, and dizziness among the three groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: The visual analog scale scores for postoperative pain decreased as the concentrations of sufentanil and tramadol administered in iv-PCA moderately increased over 24 hours after surgery. This analgesic strategy resulted in

This study aims to explore the role of social media influencers in China beauty industry from the perspective of consumers. Existing literature on the topic mainly focus on the role of social media influencers in promoting products or building consumers customer relationships and brand awareness. The primary platforms being studied by scholars are also some social media platforms in the Western. Therefore, this study emphasizes on the beauty industry in the context of the Chinese market, including probing the social media platforms Chinese consumers use, consumers’ psychological mechanism in using beauty products, and the role social media influencers play in consumers selecting and purchasing beauty products. The study utilises in-depth interview technique of qualitative research method to seek consumers’ perceptions about the aspects mentioned above. The findings give clear answers about the social media platforms that Chinese consumers use. It also reveals that consumers are relying on using beauty products to construct self-identification and enhance self-esteem. As indicated from the data, consumers are more goal-driven and utility-driven while following social media influencers. They perceive the type of content shared by influencers, the personality and appearance of influencers as crucial factors that influence their attention to different social media influencers. Although consumers admit the importance of social media influencers for them to gain beauty products information, to learn makeup skills and attain entertainment, consumers’ trust to influencers is declining. On the one hand, experienced users are becoming more rational and rely less on social media influencers while consuming beauty products. Therefore, they tend to search for the information while they need rather than regularly follow the updates of influencers. On the other hand, there are too many commercials in influencers’ content, and some of the influencers are perceived unprofessional wh