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This folder stores data related to Task 2.1 Carbon-based electrode within Work Package 2 Production Characterization Materials for Improved ECL-based Biosensing, in the NanoimmunoEra Horizon 2020 project. The data includes ECL (Electrochemiluminescence) images and quantitative ECL results about 2.8 micrometer streptavidin-coated magnetic beads functionalized with ammino-derivatized luminol (ABEI) in a 0.1 M sodium carbonate solution. The ABEI is linked to a biotinylated immunoglobulin in a previous functionalization and then attached to the magnetic microbead exploiting the biotin-streptavidin biorecognition. In-situ electrochemical generation of hydrogen peroxide at a boron-doped diamond electrode promoted the chemiluminescence of luminol. The electrochemical production of hydrogen peroxide was achieved in a carbonate solution by an oxidation reaction. At the same time, microbeads labeled with luminol were deposited on the electrode surface. The reported data are useful for a detailed characterization to study the mechanism that brings the luminol emission without its direct oxidation at the electrode surface.

The activity carried out during my PhD was principally addressed to the development and characterization of new detection systems based on chemical luminescence (CL) for the implementation into smartphone based-biosensors for point of care (POC) and point of need applications. The aim of this research has been to determine the feasibility of combining smartphone detection capabilities with CL dependent assay results. In particular, my work has concerned the development of two smartphone-based assays to image and quantify chemiluminescence coupled biospecific enzymatic reactions to detect total cholesterol in serum and lactate in oral fluid and sweat. The devices were produced using a low-cost 3D printing technology and include a disposable analytical minicartridge, a mini dark box to avoid interference from ambient light measurement, and a holder to connect the dark box to a smartphone. The performances of these systems were compared with those obtained with a reference laboratory instrumentation (thermoelectrically cooled MZ-2PRO CCD camera). Finally, it was developed an alternative non-invasive smartphone-based assay to quantify lactate in oral fluid using a reagentless bioactive paper-based solid-phase biosensor integrated in smartphone-based device, employing light reflectance to measure an end-point enzymatic chemical reaction. The quantitative information is obtained from the change of color, due to variability of amount, intensity and brightness of light reflected from surface where assay has occurred. The proposed approaches based on the use of smartphone as detector paves the way for a new generation of analytical devices in the clinical diagnostic field. Moreover, the connectivity and data processing offered by smartphones can be exploited to perform analysis directly at home with simple procedures. The extreme simplicity of the device widens it applicability and makes it suitable for the detection of many analytes of clinical interest, for instance H2O2 p

The activity carried out during my PhD was principally addressed to the development and characterization of new detection systems based on chemical luminescence (CL) for the implementation into smartphone based-biosensors for point of care (POC) and point of need applications. The aim of this research has been to determine the feasibility of combining smartphone detection capabilities with CL dependent assay results. In particular, my work has concerned the development of two smartphone-based assays to image and quantify chemiluminescence coupled biospecific enzymatic reactions to detect total cholesterol in serum and lactate in oral fluid and sweat. The devices were produced using a low-cost 3D printing technology and include a disposable analytical minicartridge, a mini dark box to avoid interference from ambient light measurement, and a holder to connect the dark box to a smartphone. The performances of these systems were compared with those obtained with a reference laboratory instrumentation (thermoelectrically cooled MZ-2PRO CCD camera). Finally, it was developed an alternative non-invasive smartphone-based assay to quantify lactate in oral fluid using a reagentless bioactive paper-based solid-phase biosensor integrated in smartphone-based device, employing light reflectance to measure an end-point enzymatic chemical reaction. The quantitative information is obtained from the change of color, due to variability of amount, intensity and brightness of light reflected from surface where assay has occurred. The proposed approaches based on the use of smartphone as detector paves the way for a new generation of analytical devices in the clinical diagnostic field. Moreover, the connectivity and data processing offered by smartphones can be exploited to perform analysis directly at home with simple procedures. The extreme simplicity of the device widens it applicability and makes it suitable for the detection of many analytes of clinical interest, for instance H2O2 p