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Every day, researchers make new attempts to identify neurotherapeutics, but few of them make it to clinical trials. The main cause is their low bioavailability, which is connected to low water solubility, low permeability through biological membranes, and the hepatic first-pass metabolism. However, the most significant challenge in administering drugs to the brain is overcoming the blood-brain barrier. In order to get around it, intranasal administration has become more popular, sometimes even more so than oral administration. Because of its structure, the nasal cavity can bypass the blood-brain barrier and transport drugs to the brain directly. Nasal absorption increases the systemic bioavailability of highly processed substances because they bypass the hepatic first-pass metabolism. However, due to their unique physicochemical properties, most neurotherapeutics must be synthesized in lipidic nanosystems as self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS). To load large quantities of lipophilic medicines into micro or nanoemulsions, these isotropic mixes of oils, surfactants, and co-surfactants are diluted in water. The goal of SEDDS is to increase the stability of labile pharmaceuticals against enzymatic activity, boost drug penetration through absorptive membranes, and reduce the likelihood of drug precipitation at absorption sites. Therefore, improved brain targeting and bioavailability of medications might be anticipated by combining the benefits of SEDDS with those of the intranasal route for brain delivery. In order to better understand the mechanisms involved in the intranasal administration of pharmaceuticals loaded in SEDDS, this paper provides a comprehensive characterization of SEDDS as a lipidic nanosystem. Finally, the in vivo effects of intranasal or oral delivery of SEDDS, showing their superiority over standard solutions or suspensions, are described.

Every day, researchers make new attempts to identify neurotherapeutics, but few of them make it to clinical trials. The main cause is their low bioavailability, which is connected to low water solubility, low permeability through biological membranes, and the hepatic first-pass metabolism. However, the most significant challenge in administering drugs to the brain is overcoming the blood-brain barrier. In order to get around it, intranasal administration has become more popular, sometimes even more so than oral administration. Because of its structure, the nasal cavity can bypass the blood-brain barrier and transport drugs to the brain directly. Nasal absorption increases the systemic bioavailability of highly processed substances because they bypass the hepatic first-pass metabolism. However, due to their unique physicochemical properties, most neurotherapeutics must be synthesized in lipidic nanosystems as self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS). To load large quantities of lipophilic medicines into micro or nanoemulsions, these isotropic mixes of oils, surfactants, and co-surfactants are diluted in water. The goal of SEDDS is to increase the stability of labile pharmaceuticals against enzymatic activity, boost drug penetration through absorptive membranes, and reduce the likelihood of drug precipitation at absorption sites. Therefore, improved brain targeting and bioavailability of medications might be anticipated by combining the benefits of SEDDS with those of the intranasal route for brain delivery. In order to better understand the mechanisms involved in the intranasal administration of pharmaceuticals loaded in SEDDS, this paper provides a comprehensive characterization of SEDDS as a lipidic nanosystem. Finally, the in vivo effects of intranasal or oral delivery of SEDDS, showing their superiority over standard solutions or suspensions, are described.

In recent years, the agricultural industry has witnessed significant advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly with the development of large-scale foundational models. Among these foundation models, the Segment Anything Model (SAM), introduced by Meta AI Research, stands out as a groundbreaking solution for object segmentation tasks. While SAM has shown success in various agricultural applications, its potential in the poultry industry, specifically in the context of cage-free hens, remains relatively unexplored. This study aims to assess the zero-shot segmentation performance of SAM on representative chicken segmentation tasks, including part-based segmentation and the use of infrared thermal images, and to explore chicken-tracking tasks by using SAM as a segmentation tool. The results demonstrate SAM's superior performance compared to SegFormer and SETR in both whole and part-based chicken segmentation. SAM-based object tracking also provides valuable data on the behavior and movement patterns of broiler birds. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of SAM's potential in poultry science and lay the foundation for future advancements in chicken segmentation and tracking.

Descobrir quins compostos químics hi ha en un teixit biològic i on estan localitzats ens dona una informació crucial sobre la funcionalitat d’aquests compostos i del mateix teixit. Aquesta informació la proporcionen les tècniques d’imatgeria hiperespectral (HI), que associen la informació espectral a la posició dels píxels a la mostra. Aquestes tècniques, però, generen una gran quantitat de dades complexes que s’han de gestionar amb l’ús d’eines quimiomètriques, com ara el mètode de resolució multivariant de corbes per mínims quadrats alternats (MCR-ALS), per poder fer una interpretació correcta de la mesura. A més, la informació complementària proporcionada per les diferents plataformes espectroscòpiques d’imatgeria hiperespectral es pot combinar mitjançant estratègies de fusió d’imatges per ajudar a obtenir una descripció més completa del teixit en estudi. Aquest treball s’orienta a mostrar el potencial de la combinació de la imatgeria hiperespectral i la quimiometria per interpretar la informació associada als teixits biològics. Per il·lustrar-ho, es mostra l’estudi de diverses microseccions de fulles de planta d’arròs mitjançant les imatges Raman, de fluorescència i la seva fusió.Paraules clau: Imatgeria hiperespectral, fusió d’imatges, quimiometria, teixit vegetal., Discovering the nature and location of chemical compounds in a biological tissue provides crucial information about the functionality of the compounds and the tissue. This information is provided by hyperspectral imaging (HI) techniques, which associate spectral information with the pixel position in the sample. These techniques, however, generate a large amount of complex data that must be processed with chemometric tools, such as the Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) method, to enable a proper interpretation of the measurement. In addition, the complementary information provided by different spectroscopic hyperspectral imaging platforms can be combined using suitable image fusion strategies to obtain a more complete description of the biological tissue. This paper seeks to show the potential of the combination of hyperspectral imaging and chemometric tools to gather information associated with biological tissues. For this purpose, a study performed on several rice leaf and root microsections using Raman and fluorescence image fusion is described.Keywords: Hyperspectral imaging, image fusion, chemometrics, plant tissue.

Linearization is a standard method in the computation of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrix polynomials. In the last decade a variety of linearization methods have been developed in order to deal with algebraic structures and in order to construct efficient numerical methods. An important source of linearizations for matrix polynomials are the so called Fiedler pencils, which are generalizations of the Frobenius companion form and these linearizations have been extended to regular rational matrix function which is the transfer function of LTI State-space system in [1, 6]. We consider a multivariable state-space system and its associated system matrix S({\lambda}). We introduce Fiedler pencils of S({\lambda}) and describe an algorithm for their construction. We show that Fiedler pencils are linearizations of the system matrix S({\lambda})., Comment: 22 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1505.03636

Education is essential to the development of the society, therefore it is included in formulation of HDI as education index. HDI was developed in order to assess development of a nation considering life expectancy, education and standard of living. Education contributes to change the mentality of the people to the right direction and helps to control the increase population birth of the country by given the proper knowledge and information about the society and world. Education also enhances the empowerment among the women. The study will assist the policy makers to develop promising strategies and take measures that will minimize hindrance of SC/ST and female education and enhance the enrolment of both SC/ST and female in education.

Education is essential to the development of the society, therefore it is included in formulation of HDI as education index. HDI was developed in order to assess development of a nation considering life expectancy, education and standard of living. Education contributes to change the mentality of the people to the right direction and helps to control the increase population birth of the country by given the proper knowledge and information about the society and world. Education also enhances the empowerment among the women. The study will assist the policy makers to develop promising strategies and take measures that will minimize hindrance of SC/ST and female education and enhance the enrolment of both SC/ST and female in education.

Education is essential to the development of the society, therefore it is included in formulation of HDI as education index. HDI was developed in order to assess development of a nation considering life expectancy, education and standard of living. Education contributes to change the mentality of the people to the right direction and helps to control the increase population birth of the country by given the proper knowledge and information about the society and world. Education also enhances the empowerment among the women. The study will assist the policy makers to develop promising strategies and take measures that will minimize hindrance of SC/ST and female education and enhance the enrolment of both SC/ST and female in education.

Introduction Stuttering is a common occurrence in children which is also known as stammering, dysfluency or clutching of words. Aims of present study was to study association of age of onset and family history of stuttering with stutterers characteristics. Materials and Methods Total 136 stutterers were included in the study. All stutterers were subjected to complete ear nose and throat examination. All stutterers were evaluated by speech language therapist for diagnosis of speech disorder. Results Out of 136 stutterers 124 (91%) were male while 12 (9%) were female ranging from 6 years to 56 years, 15 (11%) had age of onset below 3 years, 98 (72%) had 3 years to 6 years while 23 (17%) had onset after age of 6 years, 44 (36.4%) male and 1 (8.3%) female patient had first degree family history of stuttering, 15 (11%) had mild stuttering, 98 (72%) had moderate stuttering while 23 (17%) had severe stuttering, 102 (75%) had secondary stuttering characteristics including 94 (75.8%) male and 8 (67%) female stutterers. Conclusion Present study concluded that there is definite association of between age of onset and severity of stuttering, between duration of stuttering and secondary characteristics and between severity and number of secondary characteristics of stuttering. We couldn’t find significant association between positive family history of stuttering among first degree relatives and age of onset, severity and secondary characteristics of stuttering.

Introduction Stuttering is a common occurrence in children which is also known as stammering, dysfluency or clutching of words. Aims of present study was to study association of age of onset and family history of stuttering with stutterers characteristics. Materials and Methods Total 136 stutterers were included in the study. All stutterers were subjected to complete ear nose and throat examination. All stutterers were evaluated by speech language therapist for diagnosis of speech disorder. Results Out of 136 stutterers 124 (91%) were male while 12 (9%) were female ranging from 6 years to 56 years, 15 (11%) had age of onset below 3 years, 98 (72%) had 3 years to 6 years while 23 (17%) had onset after age of 6 years, 44 (36.4%) male and 1 (8.3%) female patient had first degree family history of stuttering, 15 (11%) had mild stuttering, 98 (72%) had moderate stuttering while 23 (17%) had severe stuttering, 102 (75%) had secondary stuttering characteristics including 94 (75.8%) male and 8 (67%) female stutterers. Conclusion Present study concluded that there is definite association of between age of onset and severity of stuttering, between duration of stuttering and secondary characteristics and between severity and number of secondary characteristics of stuttering. We couldn’t find significant association between positive family history of stuttering among first degree relatives and age of onset, severity and secondary characteristics of stuttering.

Introduction Stuttering is a common occurrence in children which is also known as stammering, dysfluency or clutching of words. Aims of present study was to study association of age of onset and family history of stuttering with stutterers characteristics. Materials and Methods Total 136 stutterers were included in the study. All stutterers were subjected to complete ear nose and throat examination. All stutterers were evaluated by speech language therapist for diagnosis of speech disorder. Results Out of 136 stutterers 124 (91%) were male while 12 (9%) were female ranging from 6 years to 56 years, 15 (11%) had age of onset below 3 years, 98 (72%) had 3 years to 6 years while 23 (17%) had onset after age of 6 years, 44 (36.4%) male and 1 (8.3%) female patient had first degree family history of stuttering, 15 (11%) had mild stuttering, 98 (72%) had moderate stuttering while 23 (17%) had severe stuttering, 102 (75%) had secondary stuttering characteristics including 94 (75.8%) male and 8 (67%) female stutterers. Conclusion Present study concluded that there is definite association of between age of onset and severity of stuttering, between duration of stuttering and secondary characteristics and between severity and number of secondary characteristics of stuttering. We couldn’t find significant association between positive family history of stuttering among first degree relatives and age of onset, severity and secondary characteristics of stuttering.

Siddhartha Dutta,1 Rimple Jeet Kaur,2 Pankaj Bhardwaj,3 Jaykaran Charan,1 Sunil Kumar Singh Bist,4 Mohan Dan Detha,5 Tanuj Kanchan,6 Praveen Sharma,7 Sanjeev Misra8 1Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India; 2Department of Pharmacology, S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India; 3Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India; 4Medical and Health, Jodhpur Zone and COVID 19 Nodal Officer, Jodhpur District, Rajasthan, India; 5Block CMHO, Luni, Jodhpur and Medical Officer in Charge, COVID Care Centre, Boranada, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India; 6Department of Forensic Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India; 7Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India; 8All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, IndiaCorrespondence: Jaykaran CharanDepartment of Pharmacology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, IndiaTel +919825219196Email dr.jaykaran78@gmail.comIntroduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought the entire world to a standstill. The disease is rapidly transmitting in the community. Imposed lockdowns due to the COVID-19 pandemic have effectively delayed the transmission in the community but the transmissibility in households needs to be explored. The aim of this study was to estimate the household transmission of COVID-19 and assess the factors affecting transmission.Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study where the data were collected from a single isolation center, was conducted. Patients were contacted by phone. Information regarding number of COVID-19-positive cases in the family, their demographic details, along with number of rooms in their household was collected.Results: A total of 369 families of COVID-19-positive patients were contacted. Nineteen families with a single member were excluded. Out of 350 families with a total 2126 members, 480 (22.5

The current COVID-19 pandemic has motivated the researchers to use artificial intelligence techniques for a potential alternative to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) due to the limited scale of testing. The chest X-ray (CXR) is one of the alternatives to achieve fast diagnosis but the unavailability of large-scale annotated data makes the clinical implementation of machine learning-based COVID detection difficult. Another issue is the usage of ImageNet pre-trained networks which does not extract reliable feature representations from medical images. In this paper, we propose the use of hierarchical convolutional network (HCN) architecture to naturally augment the data along with diversified features. The HCN uses the first convolution layer from COVIDNet followed by the convolutional layers from well-known pre-trained networks to extract the features. The use of the convolution layer from COVIDNet ensures the extraction of representations relevant to the CXR modality. We also propose the use of ECOC for encoding multiclass problems to binary classification for improving the recognition performance. Experimental results show that HCN architecture is capable of achieving better results in comparison to the existing studies. The proposed method can accurately triage potential COVID-19 patients through CXR images for sharing the testing load and increasing the testing capacity., Comment: 23 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables

Mostly acyclic directed networks, treated mathematically as directed graphs, arise in machine learning, biology, social science, physics, and other applications. Newman [1] has noted the mathematical challenges of such networks. In this series of papers, we study their connectivity properties, focusing on three types of phase transitions that affect horizon sizes for typical nodes. The first two types involve the familiar emergence of giant components as average local connectivity increases, while the third type involves small-world horizon growth at variable distance from a typical node. In this first paper, we focus on qualitative behavior, simulations, and applications, leaving formal considerations for subsequent papers. We explain how such phase transitions distinguish deep neural networks from shallow machine learning architectures, and propose hybrid local/random network designs with surprising connectivity advantages. We also propose a small-world approach to the horizon problem in the cosmology of the early universe as a novel alternative to the inflationary hypothesis of Guth and Linde., Comment: 45 pages, 22 figures

Watermarking VIDEO MINING files has recently become much focused due to the wide availability on the Internet leading to digital proliferation of digital VIDEO MINING files. Watermarking may give the record companies the ability to enforce the copy right protection of their products to identify the origin, author, usage rights and distributor or authorized user of the VIDEO MINING clip even if the clip has been processed or distorted. Proof of ownership watermarks may help to determine rightful file ownership perhaps in the court of law. Enforcement of usage watermarks could provide instructions or copyright information to consumer applications, which could refuse to duplicate or play music in violation of a usage policy. There are also variations in watermarks, namely, “Fingerprint” watermarks and “Fragile” watermarks.‘Fingerprint’ watermarks provide information that allows one to track a video mining clip usage history. This would be useful to many record companies and advertisers at it could provide feedback about the popularity of a song or a number of times a commercial has been played.Keywords:-Watermining; video mining; Fingerprint; Fragile.

Recommender systems apply data analysis techniques to the problem of helping users find the items they would like to purchase at E-Commerce sites by producing a predicted likeliness score or a list of top-N recommended items for a given user. We apply improved K-mean algorithms method on preprocessed data. Finally we proposed a method that can increase accuracy based on previous K-mean. Recommender system applies knowledge discovery techniques to the problem of making personalized recommendation for information. Products or services during a live interaction. This system especially the k-nearest neighbor collaborative filtering based once, these are producing high recommendations performing many recommendations per second for millions of users and items and achieving high coverage in the face of data sparsely. In traditional collaborative filtering system the amount of work increases with the number of participants in the systemKeywords:-data analysis techniques; K-mean algorithms; recommendation System

Watermarking VIDEO MINING files has recently become much focused due to the wide availability on the Internet leading to digital proliferation of digital VIDEO MINING files. Watermarking may give the record companies the ability to enforce the copy right protection of their products to identify the origin, author, usage rights and distributor or authorized user of the VIDEO MINING clip even if the clip has been processed or distorted. Proof of ownership watermarks may help to determine rightful file ownership perhaps in the court of law. Enforcement of usage watermarks could provide instructions or copyright information to consumer applications, which could refuse to duplicate or play music in violation of a usage policy. There are also variations in watermarks, namely, “Fingerprint” watermarks and “Fragile” watermarks.‘Fingerprint’ watermarks provide information that allows one to track a video mining clip usage history. This would be useful to many record companies and advertisers at it could provide feedback about the popularity of a song or a number of times a commercial has been played.Keywords:-Watermining; video mining; Fingerprint; Fragile.

Now days most of the research area are working on data mining techniques in medical data. Knowledge discovery and data mining have found numerous applications in business and scientific domain. Valuable knowledge can be discovered from application of data mining techniques in healthcare system. In this study, we briefly examine the potential use of classification based data mining techniques such as Rule based, decision tree, machine learning algorithms like Support Vector Machines, Principle Component Analysis etc., Rough Set Theory and Fuzzy logic. In particular we consider a case study using classification techniques on a medical data set of diabetic patients.

As this academic performance is influenced by many factors, it is essential to develop predictive data mining model for students’ performance so as to identify the slow learners and study the influence of the dominant factors on their academic performance. In the present investigation, a survey cum experimental methodology was adopted to generate a database and it was constructed from a primary. While the primary data was collected from the regular students and irregular student the secondary data was gathered from the school in class 3, 4 and 5 a total of 1000 datasets of the 2014 year from five different schools in three different districts of BETUL state Madhya Pradesh were collected. The raw data was preprocessed in terms of filling up missing values, transforming values in one form into another and relevant attribute/ variable selection. As a result, we had 700 student records, which were used for primary school prediction model construction. A set of prediction rules were extracted from primary school prediction model and the efficiency of the generated student prediction model was found. The accuracy of the present model was compared with other model and it has been found to be satisfactory.

Accumulating evidence(s) indicate that CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling cascade plays an important role in the process of invasion and metastasis that accounts for more than 80% of deaths in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Thus, identification of novel agents that can downregulate CXCR4 expression and its associated functions have a great potential in the treatment of metastatic HCC. In the present report, we investigated an anthraquinone derivative, emodin for its ability to affect CXCR4 expression as well as function in HCC cells. We observed that emodin downregulated the expression of CXCR4 in a dose-and time-dependent manner in HCC cells. Treatment with pharmacological proteasome and lysosomal inhibitors did not have substantial effect on emodin-induced decrease in CXCR4 expression. When investigated for the molecular mechanism(s), it was observed that the suppression of CXCR4 expression was due to downregulation of mRNA expression, inhibition of NF-κB activation, and abrogation of chromatin immunoprecipitation activity. Inhibition of CXCR4 expression by emodin further correlated with the suppression of CXCL12-induced migration and invasion in HCC cell lines. In addition, emodin treatment significantly suppressed metastasis to the lungs in an orthotopic HCC mice model and CXCR4 expression in tumor tissues. Overall, our results show that emodin exerts its anti-metastatic effect through the downregulation of CXCR4 expression and thus has the potential for the treatment of HCC.

A Trichoderma pseudoloningii IMI- 320933 from paper mill waste was found to be capable of saccharifying various pretreated cellulosic agro residues. There was a considerable difference between the saccharification values of untreated and treated substrates. The chemical pretreatment overall showed an increase in saccharification of lignocellulosic substrates between 20% and 48% over physical pretreatment. Out of the various cellulosic substrate used, sugarcane bagasse showed maximum (72%) saccharification followed by wheat straw (59%), cotton stalk (50%) and sisal fibre (44%) under similar set of conditions. The results indicated that the inexpensive lignocellulosic residues can be utilized to achieve high level of reducing sugars which may be further utilised for a long chain of fermentation products.Keywords: Trichoderma pseudoloningii; cellulosic; fermentation; saccharification

Trichoderma Pseudokoningii is a new isolate of sludge which possessed a potentiality to saccharify sludge through its cellulose enzyme to various degrees. The product of saccharification was found to be an excellent substrate for SCP production by the yeast Candida tropical is which showed maximum proteins synthesis of 1.7 mg/ml on the 10th day of incubation period.Keywords: Bioconversion; saccharification; single cell protein

Trichoderma Pseudokoningii is a new isolate of sludge which possessed a potentiality to saccharify sludge through its cellulose enzyme to various degrees. The product of saccharification was found to be an excellent substrate for SCP production by the yeast Candida tropical is which showed maximum proteins synthesis of 1.7 mg/ml on the 10th day of incubation period.Keywords: Bioconversion; saccharification; single cell protein

A Trichoderma pseudoloningii IMI- 320933 from paper mill waste was found to be capable of saccharifying various pretreated cellulosic agro residues. There was a considerable difference between the saccharification values of untreated and treated substrates. The chemical pretreatment overall showed an increase in saccharification of lignocellulosic substrates between 20% and 48% over physical pretreatment. Out of the various cellulosic substrate used, sugarcane bagasse showed maximum (72%) saccharification followed by wheat straw (59%), cotton stalk (50%) and sisal fibre (44%) under similar set of conditions. The results indicated that the inexpensive lignocellulosic residues can be utilized to achieve high level of reducing sugars which may be further utilised for a long chain of fermentation products.Keywords: Trichoderma pseudoloningii; cellulosic; fermentation; saccharification

Waardenburg syndrome (WS), first described by Dutch ophthalmologist PJ Waardenburg, is a congenital developmental disorder characterised by congenital hearing loss and abnormal pigmentation of the eye, hair and skin.1-10 This condition is divided into four types: •Type I WS (WS1) consists of dystopia canthorum and broad nasal root. •Type II WS (WS2) lacks the dystopia canthorum. •Type III WS (WS3) (Klein‐Waardenburg syndrome), a severe form of WS1, is associated with upper limb defects. •Type IV WS (WS4) (Shah‐Waardenburg syndrome) is characterised by Hirschsprung disease. We report a case with classical features of Waardenburg syndrome Type II (WS 2) in a young deaf schoolchild without an affected first degree relative.

Aims To determine the pattern and prevalence of ocular morbidity in hearing impaired schoolchildren. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the three different deaf schools of Kathmandu, Bhaktapur and Kavre districts. All children in the deaf school underwent complete ocular examination. Examination included visual acuity assessment, refraction, binocular vision assessment, and anterior and posterior segment evaluation. Results Ocular examination was carried out in 279 children with age range within 5 to 20 years (mean age 14.1 ± 3.14 years). Ocular morbidity was detected in 78 (28%) children with 46 (16.48%) having refractive errors. Seventy eight percent children did not have corrective lenses despite having refractive errors. Two children were found to have pigmentary retinopathy where electro-retinogram findings suggested Usher's Syndrome in one child. Another child was found to have Waardenburg Syndrome. Conclusions Hearing impaired children are at an increased risk of having ocular morbidity. Hence, periodic eye examinations are important in deaf children.

Background: Increasing evidence indicates that the interaction between the CXC chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) and its ligand CXCL12 is critical in the process of metastasis that accounts for more than 90% of cancer-related deaths. Thus, novel agents that can downregulate the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis have therapeutic potential in inhibiting cancer metastasis.Methods: In this report, we investigated the potential of an agent, plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone), for its ability to modulate CXCR4 expression and function in various tumor cells using Western blot analysis, DNA binding assay, transient transfection, real time PCR analysis, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and cellular migration and invasion assays.Results: We found that plumbagin downregulated the expression of CXCR4 in breast cancer cells irrespective of their HER2 status. The decrease in CXCR4 expression induced by plumbagin was not cell type-specific as the inhibition also occurred in gastric, lung, renal, oral, and hepatocellular tumor cell lines. Neither proteasome inhibition nor lysosomal stabilization had any effect on plumbagin-induced decrease in CXCR4 expression. Detailed study of the underlying molecular mechanism(s) revealed that the regulation of the downregulation of CXCR4 was at the transcriptional level, as indicated by downregulation of mRNA expression, inhibition of NF-?B activation, and suppression of chromatin immunoprecipitation activity. In addition, using a virtual, predictive, functional proteomics-based tumor pathway platform, we tested the hypothesis that NF-?B inhibition by plumbagin causes the decrease in CXCR4 and other metastatic genes. Suppression of CXCR4 expression by plumbagin was found to correlate with the inhibition of CXCL12-induced migration and invasion of both breast and gastric cancer cells.Conclusions: Overall, our results indicate, for the first time, that plumbagin is a novel blocker of CXCR4 expression and thus has the potential to suppress metastasis of c

Increasing evidences indicate that CXCR4/CXCL12 signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in the process of distant site metastasis that accounts for more than 90% of prostate cancer related deaths in patients. Thus, novel drugs that can downregulate CXCR4/CXCL12 axis have a great potential in the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. In this report, we tested an agent, ursolic acid (UA) for its ability to modulate CXCR4 expression in prostate cancer cell lines and inhibit metastasis in vivo in transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) model. We observed that UA downregulated the expression of CXCR4 in prostate cancer cells irrespective of their HER2 status in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Neither proteasome inhibitor nor lysosomal stabilization had any effect on UA-induced decrease in CXCR4 expression. When investigated for the molecular mechanisms, it was observed that the downregulation of CXCR4 was due to transcriptional regulation as indicated by downregulation of mRNA expression, inhibition of NF-?B activation and modulation of chromatin immunoprecipitation activity. Suppression of CXCR4 expression by UA further correlated with the inhibition of CXCL12-induced migration and invasion in prostate cancer cells. Finally, we also found that UA treatment can inhibit metastasis of prostate cancer to distal organs, including lung and liver and suppress CXCR4 expression levels in the prostate tissues of TRAMP mice. Overall, our experimental findings suggest that UA exerts its antimetastatic effects through the suppression of CXCR4 expression in prostate cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Copyright © 2011 UICC.

FP-tree method is a efficient algorithm to mine frequent patterns, in spite of long or short frequent patterns. By using compact tree structure and partitioning-based, divide-and-conquer searching method, it reduces the search costs substantially. But just as the analysis multi-CPU to solve this problem. But these methods apparently increase the costs for exchanging and combining control information, and the algorithm complexity is also greatly increased, cannot solve this problem efficiently. Even if adopting multi-CPU technique, raising the requirement of hardware, the performance improvement is still limited. Is there any other way that one may reduce these costs in FP-tree construction, performance improvement is still limited.Keywords: Partitioning-based, parallel, Projection, data mining, AI, Information.

Our objective is to prepare the system that provides the security for an organization. The system is based on an empirical analysis of the iris image and it is split in several steps using local image properties. The system steps are capturing iris patterns; determine the location of the iris boundaries; converting the iris boundary to the stretched polar coordinate system; extracting the iris code based on texture analysis using wavelet transforms; and classification of the iris code. The proposed system use the wavelet transforms for texture analysis, and it depends heavily on knowledge of the general structure of a human iris. The system was implemented and tested using a dataset of 240 samples of iris data with different contrast quality. The classification rate compared with the well known methods discussed.Keywords: data mining, AI, information, Neural Network.

The term data mining is used to discover knowledge from large amount of data. For knowledge discovery many software haven developed, that is known as data mining tools these are statistical, machine learning, And neural networks. K-means and K-medoids are widely used simplest partition based unsupervised learning algorithms that solve the well known clustering problem. The procedure follows a simple and easy way to classify a given data set through a certain number of clusters; technically, data mining is the process of finding correlations or patterns among dozens of fields in large relational databases. Stored data is used to locate data in predetermined groups called class. Data items are grouped according to logical relationships or consumer preferences called cluster. Data can be mined to identify association. Data is mined to anticipate behavior patterns and trends called sequential patterns.

12 CAT 2200 minicomputers at remote sites covering an area of 1600 km. scan the readings from air quality analysers and send hourly average readings to a central microcomputer at the Ontario Ministry of Environment. Analysis detects gases such as SO., CO, O., NO and NO.. The remote computers can handle up to 8 different instruments and the central computer can control up to 32 remote sites., 12 CAT 2200 minicomputers at remote sites covering an area of 1600 km. scan the readings from air quality analysers and send hourly average readings to a central microcomputer at the Ontario Ministry of Environment. Analysis detects gases such as SO., CO, O., NO and NO.. The remote computers can handle up to 8 different instruments and the central computer can control up to 32 remote sites.

Portada litografiada firmada por L. Denis, impresor Moucelot, París, Incluye un índice con los títulos de las melodías en francés, alemán e inglés, En la página anterior a cada melodía, texto de la poesía en francés y alemán, À ma fiancée = Devotion = Widmung : op. 25, n. 1 ; En avant = Forward! = Freisinn : op. 25, n. 2 ; Solitude = Far away-in happy land = Schöne Fremde : op. 39, n. 6 ; Ton visage = The lovely face = Dien Angesicht : op. 127, n. 2 ; C'est là que nous aimons = The joys of home = Ich wand're nicht : op. 51, n. 3 ; Violettes de mars = March-violets = Märzveilchen : op. 40, n. 1 ; Mirage = Mountain and castles = Berg und Burgen : op. 24, n. 7 ; L'heure du mystère = Moonlight = Mondnacht : op. 39, n. 5 ; C'est lui = The return of spring = Er ist's : op. 79, n. 20 [i.e. n. 24] ; Au rayon du soleil = O sunny beam = An den Sonneschein : op. 36, n. 4 ; Adieux du poète = With myrtes and roses = Mit Myrten und Rosen : op. 24, n. 9 ; Recueillement = Emotion = Die Stille : op. 39, n. 4 ; Je suis à toi = Ever thine = Geständniss : op. 74, n. 7 ; Le noyer = The walnut tree = Der Nussbaum : op. 25, n. 3 ; Mer, soleil et rose = Rose, sea and sun = Rose, Meer und Sonne : op. 37, n. 9 ; Chanson de Philine = Philine's song = Philinen's Lied : Mignon, op. 98, n. 7 ; Chanson du matin = The hat of green = Volksliedchen : op. 51, n. 2 ; Le bonheur parfait = Nothing fairer = Nichts schöneres : op. 36, n. 3 ; Fleur mourante = A floweret thou resemblest = Du bist wie eine Blume : op. 25, n. 24 ; Noble esprit, pensée altière = The noblest = Er der Herrlichste : op. 42, n. 2 ; Ton image = The image = Dein Bildniss : intermezzo, op. 39, n. 2 ; Ô fleur vermeille = A red, red rose = Dem rothen Röslein gleicht mein Lieb : op. 27, n. 2 ; Fanfare = The youth with the enchanted horn = Der Knabe mit dem Wunderhorn : op. 30, n. 1 ; Lotus mystique = The lotos flower = Die Lotosblume : op. 25, n. 7 ; Désir = Longing = Sehnsucht : op. 51, n. 1 ; Le dimanche aux bords du Rhin = A holiday on the Rhine = Sonntags am Rhein : op. 36, n. 1 ; Au loin = In foreing lands = In der Fremde : op. 39, n. 1 ; Elle est à toi = Nuit de printemps = A spring night = Frühlingsnacht : op. 39, n. 12 ; L'aube rayonne = The bride's, À ma fiancée = Devotion = Widmung : op. 25, n. 1 ; En avant = Forward! = Freisinn : op. 25, n. 2 ; Solitude = Far away-in happy land = Schöne Fremde : op. 39, n. 6 ; Ton visage = The lovely face = Dien Angesicht : op. 127, n. 2 ; C'est là que nous aimons = The joys of home = Ich wand're nicht : op. 51, n. 3 ; Violettes de mars = March-violets = Märzveilchen : op. 40, n. 1 ; Mirage = Mountain and castles = Berg und Burgen : op. 24, n. 7 ; L'heure du mystère = Moonlight = Mondnacht : op. 39, n. 5 ; C'est lui = The return of spring = Er ist's : op. 79, n. 20 [i.e. n. 24] ; Au rayon du soleil = O sunny beam = An den Sonneschein : op. 36, n. 4 ; Adieux du poète = With myrtes and roses = Mit Myrten und Rosen : op. 24, n. 9 ; Recueillement = Emotion = Die Stille : op. 39, n. 4 ; Je suis à toi = Ever thine = Geständniss : op. 74, n. 7 ; Le noyer = The walnut tree = Der Nussbaum : op. 25, n. 3 ; Mer, soleil et rose = Rose, sea and sun = Rose, Meer und Sonne : op. 37, n. 9 ; Chanson de Philine = Philine's song = Philinen's Lied : Mignon, op. 98, n. 7 ; Chanson du matin = The hat of green = Volksliedchen : op. 51, n. 2 ; Le bonheur parfait = Nothing fairer = Nichts schöneres : op. 36, n. 3 ; Fleur mourante = A floweret thou resemblest = Du bist wie eine Blume : op. 25, n. 24 ; Noble esprit, pensée altière = The noblest = Er der Herrlichste : op. 42, n. 2 ; Ton image = The image = Dein Bildniss : intermezzo, op. 39, n. 2 ; Ô fleur vermeille = A red, red rose = Dem rothen Röslein gleicht mein Lieb : op. 27, n. 2 ; Fanfare = The youth with the enchanted horn = Der Knabe mit dem Wunderhorn : op. 30, n. 1 ; Lotus mystique = The lotos flower = Die Lotosblume : op. 25, n. 7 ; Désir = Longing = Sehnsucht : op. 51, n. 1 ; Le dimanche aux bords du Rhin = A holiday on the Rhine = Sonntags am Rhein : op. 36, n. 1 ; Au loin = In foreing lands = In der Fremde : op. 39, n. 1 ; Elle est à toi = Nuit de printemps = A spring night = Frühlingsnacht : op. 39, n. 12 ; L'aube rayonne = The bride's, Fecha de publicación tomada del Dictionnaire des éditeurs de musique français, volume II, de 1820 à 1914, 1988

Etiqueta azul con logo "Telefunken" y letras en plateado, En etiqueta: B.I.E.M., Estrenada en Viena en 1934, Peter Anders, tenor ; Orchesters der Reichsoper, Berlin ; H. Schmidt-Isserstedt, dir.

Etiqueta blanca, En etiqueta: "Celebridades", Incluido en el "Catálogo de discos de 78 rpm en la B.N.", nº 1710, Elisabeth Schumann, Copia digital de conservación (CD y DAT), 1995-2000, Copia digital de conservación (CD y DAT), 1995-2000, Fecha de publicación tomada de hojas declaratorias de D.L.

Portada litografiada firmada por L. Denis, impresor Moucelot, París, Incluye un índice con los títulos de las melodías en francés, alemán e inglés, En la página anterior a cada melodía, texto de la poesía en francés y alemán, À ma fiancée = Devotion = Widmung : op. 25, n. 1 ; En avant = Forward! = Freisinn : op. 25, n. 2 ; Solitude = Far away-in happy land = Schöne Fremde : op. 39, n. 6 ; Ton visage = The lovely face = Dien Angesicht : op. 127, n. 2 ; C'est là que nous aimons = The joys of home = Ich wand're nicht : op. 51, n. 3 ; Violettes de mars = March-violets = Märzveilchen : op. 40, n. 1 ; Mirage = Mountain and castles = Berg und Burgen : op. 24, n. 7 ; L'heure du mystère = Moonlight = Mondnacht : op. 39, n. 5 ; C'est lui = The return of spring = Er ist's : op. 79, n. 20 [i.e. n. 24] ; Au rayon du soleil = O sunny beam = An den Sonneschein : op. 36, n. 4 ; Adieux du poète = With myrtes and roses = Mit Myrten und Rosen : op. 24, n. 9 ; Recueillement = Emotion = Die Stille : op. 39, n. 4 ; Je suis à toi = Ever thine = Geständniss : op. 74, n. 7 ; Le noyer = The walnut tree = Der Nussbaum : op. 25, n. 3 ; Mer, soleil et rose = Rose, sea and sun = Rose, Meer und Sonne : op. 37, n. 9 ; Chanson de Philine = Philine's song = Philinen's Lied : Mignon, op. 98, n. 7 ; Chanson du matin = The hat of green = Volksliedchen : op. 51, n. 2 ; Le bonheur parfait = Nothing fairer = Nichts schöneres : op. 36, n. 3 ; Fleur mourante = A floweret thou resemblest = Du bist wie eine Blume : op. 25, n. 24 ; Noble esprit, pensée altière = The noblest = Er der Herrlichste : op. 42, n. 2 ; Ton image = The image = Dein Bildniss : intermezzo, op. 39, n. 2 ; Ô fleur vermeille = A red, red rose = Dem rothen Röslein gleicht mein Lieb : op. 27, n. 2 ; Fanfare = The youth with the enchanted horn = Der Knabe mit dem Wunderhorn : op. 30, n. 1 ; Lotus mystique = The lotos flower = Die Lotosblume : op. 25, n. 7 ; Désir = Longing = Sehnsucht : op. 51, n. 1 ; Le dimanche aux bords du Rhin = A holiday on the Rhine = Sonntags am Rhein : op. 36, n. 1 ; Au loin = In foreing lands = In der Fremde : op. 39, n. 1 ; Elle est à toi = Nuit de printemps = A spring night = Frühlingsnacht : op. 39, n. 12 ; L'aube rayonne = The bride's, À ma fiancée = Devotion = Widmung : op. 25, n. 1 ; En avant = Forward! = Freisinn : op. 25, n. 2 ; Solitude = Far away-in happy land = Schöne Fremde : op. 39, n. 6 ; Ton visage = The lovely face = Dien Angesicht : op. 127, n. 2 ; C'est là que nous aimons = The joys of home = Ich wand're nicht : op. 51, n. 3 ; Violettes de mars = March-violets = Märzveilchen : op. 40, n. 1 ; Mirage = Mountain and castles = Berg und Burgen : op. 24, n. 7 ; L'heure du mystère = Moonlight = Mondnacht : op. 39, n. 5 ; C'est lui = The return of spring = Er ist's : op. 79, n. 20 [i.e. n. 24] ; Au rayon du soleil = O sunny beam = An den Sonneschein : op. 36, n. 4 ; Adieux du poète = With myrtes and roses = Mit Myrten und Rosen : op. 24, n. 9 ; Recueillement = Emotion = Die Stille : op. 39, n. 4 ; Je suis à toi = Ever thine = Geständniss : op. 74, n. 7 ; Le noyer = The walnut tree = Der Nussbaum : op. 25, n. 3 ; Mer, soleil et rose = Rose, sea and sun = Rose, Meer und Sonne : op. 37, n. 9 ; Chanson de Philine = Philine's song = Philinen's Lied : Mignon, op. 98, n. 7 ; Chanson du matin = The hat of green = Volksliedchen : op. 51, n. 2 ; Le bonheur parfait = Nothing fairer = Nichts schöneres : op. 36, n. 3 ; Fleur mourante = A floweret thou resemblest = Du bist wie eine Blume : op. 25, n. 24 ; Noble esprit, pensée altière = The noblest = Er der Herrlichste : op. 42, n. 2 ; Ton image = The image = Dein Bildniss : intermezzo, op. 39, n. 2 ; Ô fleur vermeille = A red, red rose = Dem rothen Röslein gleicht mein Lieb : op. 27, n. 2 ; Fanfare = The youth with the enchanted horn = Der Knabe mit dem Wunderhorn : op. 30, n. 1 ; Lotus mystique = The lotos flower = Die Lotosblume : op. 25, n. 7 ; Désir = Longing = Sehnsucht : op. 51, n. 1 ; Le dimanche aux bords du Rhin = A holiday on the Rhine = Sonntags am Rhein : op. 36, n. 1 ; Au loin = In foreing lands = In der Fremde : op. 39, n. 1 ; Elle est à toi = Nuit de printemps = A spring night = Frühlingsnacht : op. 39, n. 12 ; L'aube rayonne = The bride's, Fecha de publicación tomada del Dictionnaire des éditeurs de musique français, volume II, de 1820 à 1914, 1988

En el rollo: 60 lento, Etiqueta roja, En la etiqueta: "E", Instrucciones de uso en francés, español e inglés, Precio: 8 pts, Rollos musicales Victoria, catálogo general, 1929, Fecha de publicación basada en catálogo, Ilustración modernista

En el rollo: Key of Eb, Instrucciones de uso en inglés, francés, alemán y español, Impresión de la lista de patentes de los rollos de música The Aeolian Company, Según catálogo: "Todos los rollos Aeolian son de 88 notas", Precio: 11 pts, Catálogo de rollos Aeolian del Servicio de Abonos, 88 notas, [19--?], Full scale, Themodist