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121 results on '"Berrino, F"'

1. Long-term survival and cure fraction estimates for childhood cancer in Europe (EUROCARE-6): results from a population-based study

Author: Botta, L, Gatta, G, Capocaccia, R, Stiller, C, Canete, A, Dal Maso, L, Innos, K, Mihor, A, Erdmann, F, Spix, C, Lacour, B, Marcos-Gragera, R, Murray, D, Rossi, S, Hackl, M, Van Eycken, E, Van Damme, N, Valerianova, Z, Sekerija, M, Scoutellas, V, Demetriou, A, Dusek, L, Krejci, D, Storm, H, Magi, M, Paapsi, K, Malila, N, Pitkaniemi, J, Jooste, V, Clavel, J, Poulalhon, C, Desandes, E, Monnereau, A, Katalinic, A, Petridou, E, Markozannes, G, Garami, M, Birgisson, H, Walsh, P, Mazzoleni, G, Vittadello, F, Cuccaro, F, Galasso, R, Sampietro, G, Rosso, S, Gasparotto, C, Maifredi, G, Ferrante, M, Torrisi, A, Sutera Sardo, A, Gambino, M, Lanzoni, M, Ballotari, P, Giacomazzi, E, Ferretti, S, Caldarella, A, Manneschi, G, Sant, M, Baili, P, Berrino, F, Trama, A, Lillini, R, Bernasconi, A, Bonfarnuzzo, S, Vener, C, Didone, F, Lasalvia, P, Del Monego, G, Buratti, L, Serraino, D, Taborelli, M, De Angelis, R, Demuru, E, Di Benedetto, C, Santaquilani, M, Venanzi, S, Tallon, M, Boni, L, Iacovacci, S, Russo, A, Gervasi, F, Spagnoli, G, Cavalieri d'Oro, L, Fusco, M, Vitale, M, Usala, M, Vitale, F, Michiara, M, Chiranda, G, Sacerdote, C, Maule, M, Cascone, G, Spata, E, Mangone, L, Falcini, F, Cavallo, R, Piras, D, Dinaro, Y, Castaing, M, Fanetti, A, Minerba, S, Candela, G, Scuderi, T, Rizzello, R, Stracci, F, Tagliabue, G, Rugge, M, Brustolin, A, Pildava, S, Smailyte, G, Azzopardi, M, Johannesen, T, Didkowska, J, Wojciechowska, U, Bielska-Lasota, M, Pais, A, Ferreira, A, Bento, M, Miranda, A, Safaei Diba, C, Zadnik, V, Zagar, T, Sanchez-Contador Escudero, C, Franch Sureda, P, Lopez de Munain, A, De-La-Cruz, M, Rojas, M, Aleman, A, Vizcaino, A, Almela, F, Sanvisens, A, Sanchez, M, Chirlaque, M, Sanchez-Gil, A, Guevara, M, Ardanaz, E, Canete-Nieto, A, Peris-Bonet, R, Galceran, J, Carulla, M, Kuehni, C, Redmond, S, Visser, O, Karim-Kos, H, Stevens, S, Gavin, A, Morrison, D, Huws, D, Botta L., Gatta G., Capocaccia R., Stiller C., Canete A., Dal Maso L., Innos K., Mihor A., Erdmann F., Spix C., Lacour B., Marcos-Gragera R., Murray D., Rossi S., Hackl M., Van Eycken E., Van Damme N., Valerianova Z., Sekerija M., Scoutellas V., Demetriou A., Dusek L., Krejci D., Storm H., Magi M., Paapsi K., Malila N., Pitkaniemi J., Jooste V., Clavel J., Poulalhon C., Desandes E., Monnereau A., Katalinic A., Petridou E., Markozannes G., Garami M., Birgisson H., Walsh P. M., Mazzoleni G., Vittadello F., Cuccaro F., Galasso R., Sampietro G., Rosso S., Gasparotto C., Maifredi G., Ferrante M., Torrisi A., Sutera Sardo A., Gambino M. L., Lanzoni M., Ballotari P., Giacomazzi E., Ferretti S., Caldarella A., Manneschi G., Sant M., Baili P., Berrino F., Trama A., Lillini R., Bernasconi A., Bonfarnuzzo S., Vener C., Didone F., Lasalvia P., Del Monego G., Buratti L., Serraino D., Taborelli M., De Angelis R., Demuru E., Di Benedetto C., Santaquilani M., Venanzi S., Tallon M., Boni L., Iacovacci S., Russo A. G., Gervasi F., Spagnoli G., Cavalieri d'Oro L., Fusco M., Vitale M. F., Usala M., Vitale F., Michiara M., Chiranda G., Sacerdote C., Maule M., Cascone G., Spata E., Mangone L., Falcini F., Cavallo R., Piras D., Dinaro Y., Castaing M., Fanetti A. C., Minerba S., Candela G., Scuderi T., Rizzello R. V., Stracci F., Tagliabue G., Rugge M., Brustolin A., Pildava S., Smailyte G., Azzopardi M., Johannesen T. B., Didkowska J., Wojciechowska U., Bielska-Lasota M., Pais A., Ferreira A. M., Bento M. J., Miranda A., Safaei Diba C., Zadnik V., Zagar T., Sanchez-Contador Escudero C., Franch Sureda P., Lopez de Munain A., De-La-Cruz M., Rojas M. D., Aleman A., Vizcaino A., Almela F., Sanvisens A., Sanchez M. J., Chirlaque M. D., Sanchez-Gil A., Guevara M., Ardanaz E., Canete-Nieto A., Peris-Bonet R., Galceran J., Carulla M., Kuehni C., Redmond S., Visser O., Karim-Kos H., Stevens S., Gavin A., Morrison D., Huws D. W., Botta, L, Gatta, G, Capocaccia, R, Stiller, C, Canete, A, Dal Maso, L, Innos, K, Mihor, A, Erdmann, F, Spix, C, Lacour, B, Marcos-Gragera, R, Murray, D, Rossi, S, Hackl, M, Van Eycken, E, Van Damme, N, Valerianova, Z, Sekerija, M, Scoutellas, V, Demetriou, A, Dusek, L, Krejci, D, Storm, H, Magi, M, Paapsi, K, Malila, N, Pitkaniemi, J, Jooste, V, Clavel, J, Poulalhon, C, Desandes, E, Monnereau, A, Katalinic, A, Petridou, E, Markozannes, G, Garami, M, Birgisson, H, Walsh, P, Mazzoleni, G, Vittadello, F, Cuccaro, F, Galasso, R, Sampietro, G, Rosso, S, Gasparotto, C, Maifredi, G, Ferrante, M, Torrisi, A, Sutera Sardo, A, Gambino, M, Lanzoni, M, Ballotari, P, Giacomazzi, E, Ferretti, S, Caldarella, A, Manneschi, G, Sant, M, Baili, P, Berrino, F, Trama, A, Lillini, R, Bernasconi, A, Bonfarnuzzo, S, Vener, C, Didone, F, Lasalvia, P, Del Monego, G, Buratti, L, Serraino, D, Taborelli, M, De Angelis, R, Demuru, E, Di Benedetto, C, Santaquilani, M, Venanzi, S, Tallon, M, Boni, L, Iacovacci, S, Russo, A, Gervasi, F, Spagnoli, G, Cavalieri d'Oro, L, Fusco, M, Vitale, M, Usala, M, Vitale, F, Michiara, M, Chiranda, G, Sacerdote, C, Maule, M, Cascone, G, Spata, E, Mangone, L, Falcini, F, Cavallo, R, Piras, D, Dinaro, Y, Castaing, M, Fanetti, A, Minerba, S, Candela, G, Scuderi, T, Rizzello, R, Stracci, F, Tagliabue, G, Rugge, M, Brustolin, A, Pildava, S, Smailyte, G, Azzopardi, M, Johannesen, T, Didkowska, J, Wojciechowska, U, Bielska-Lasota, M, Pais, A, Ferreira, A, Bento, M, Miranda, A, Safaei Diba, C, Zadnik, V, Zagar, T, Sanchez-Contador Escudero, C, Franch Sureda, P, Lopez de Munain, A, De-La-Cruz, M, Rojas, M, Aleman, A, Vizcaino, A, Almela, F, Sanvisens, A, Sanchez, M, Chirlaque, M, Sanchez-Gil, A, Guevara, M, Ardanaz, E, Canete-Nieto, A, Peris-Bonet, R, Galceran, J, Carulla, M, Kuehni, C, Redmond, S, Visser, O, Karim-Kos, H, Stevens, S, Gavin, A, Morrison, D, Huws, D, Botta L., Gatta G., Capocaccia R., Stiller C., Canete A., Dal Maso L., Innos K., Mihor A., Erdmann F., Spix C., Lacour B., Marcos-Gragera R., Murray D., Rossi S., Hackl M., Van Eycken E., Van Damme N., Valerianova Z., Sekerija M., Scoutellas V., Demetriou A., Dusek L., Krejci D., Storm H., Magi M., Paapsi K., Malila N., Pitkaniemi J., Jooste V., Clavel J., Poulalhon C., Desandes E., Monnereau A., Katalinic A., Petridou E., Markozannes G., Garami M., Birgisson H., Walsh P. M., Mazzoleni G., Vittadello F., Cuccaro F., Galasso R., Sampietro G., Rosso S., Gasparotto C., Maifredi G., Ferrante M., Torrisi A., Sutera Sardo A., Gambino M. L., Lanzoni M., Ballotari P., Giacomazzi E., Ferretti S., Caldarella A., Manneschi G., Sant M., Baili P., Berrino F., Trama A., Lillini R., Bernasconi A., Bonfarnuzzo S., Vener C., Didone F., Lasalvia P., Del Monego G., Buratti L., Serraino D., Taborelli M., De Angelis R., Demuru E., Di Benedetto C., Santaquilani M., Venanzi S., Tallon M., Boni L., Iacovacci S., Russo A. G., Gervasi F., Spagnoli G., Cavalieri d'Oro L., Fusco M., Vitale M. F., Usala M., Vitale F., Michiara M., Chiranda G., Sacerdote C., Maule M., Cascone G., Spata E., Mangone L., Falcini F., Cavallo R., Piras D., Dinaro Y., Castaing M., Fanetti A. C., Minerba S., Candela G., Scuderi T., Rizzello R. V., Stracci F., Tagliabue G., Rugge M., Brustolin A., Pildava S., Smailyte G., Azzopardi M., Johannesen T. B., Didkowska J., Wojciechowska U., Bielska-Lasota M., Pais A., Ferreira A. M., Bento M. J., Miranda A., Safaei Diba C., Zadnik V., Zagar T., Sanchez-Contador Escudero C., Franch Sureda P., Lopez de Munain A., De-La-Cruz M., Rojas M. D., Aleman A., Vizcaino A., Almela F., Sanvisens A., Sanchez M. J., Chirlaque M. D., Sanchez-Gil A., Guevara M., Ardanaz E., Canete-Nieto A., Peris-Bonet R., Galceran J., Carulla M., Kuehni C., Redmond S., Visser O., Karim-Kos H., Stevens S., Gavin A., Morrison D., and Huws D. W.
Abstract: Background: The EUROCARE-5 study revealed disparities in childhood cancer survival among European countries, giving rise to important initiatives across Europe to reduce the gap. Extending its representativeness through increased coverage of eastern European countries, the EUROCARE-6 study aimed to update survival progress across countries and years of diagnosis and provide new analytical perspectives on estimates of long-term survival and the cured fraction of patients with childhood cancer. Methods: In this population-based study, we analysed 135 847 children (aged 0–14 years) diagnosed during 2000–13 and followed up to the end of 2014, recruited from 80 population-based cancer registries in 31 European countries. We calculated age-adjusted 5-year survival differences by country and over time using period analysis, for all cancers combined and for major cancer types. We applied a variant of standard mixture cure models for survival data to estimate the cure fraction of patients by childhood cancer and to estimate projected 15-year survival. Findings: 5-year survival for all childhood cancer combined in Europe in 2010–14 was 81% (95% CI 81–82), showing an increase of three percentage points compared with 2004–06. Significant progress over time was observed for almost all cancers. Survival remained stable for osteosarcomas, Ewing sarcoma, Burkitt lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, and rhabdomyoscarcomas. For all cancers combined, inequalities still persisted among European countries (with age-adjusted 5-year survival ranging from 71% [95% CI 60–79] to 87% [77–93]). The 15-year survival projection for all patients with childhood cancer diagnosed in 2010–13 was 78%. We estimated the yearly long-term mortality rate due to causes other than the diagnosed cancer to be around 2 per 1000 patients for all childhood cancer combined, but to approach zero for retinoblastoma. The cure fraction for patients with childhood cancer increased over time from 74% (95% CI 73–75) in 1998–
Published: 2022

2. Haem iron intake and risk of lung cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort

Author: Ward, HA, Whitman, J, Muller, DC, Johansson, M, Jakszyn, P, Weiderpass, E, Palli, D, Fanidi, A, Vermeulen, R, Tjonneland, A, Hansen, L, Dahm, CC, Overvad, K, Severi, G, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Affret, A, Kaaks, R, Fortner, R, Boeing, H, Trichopoulou, A, La Vecchia, C, Kotanidou, A, Berrino, F, Krogh, V, Tumino, R, Ricceri, F, Panico, S, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Peeters, PH, Nost, TH, Sandanger, TM, Ramon Quiros, J, Agudo, A, Rodriguez-Barranco, M, Larranaga, N, Maria Huerta, J, Ardanaz, E, Drake, I, Brunnstrom, H, Grankvist, K, Travis, RC, Freisling, H, Stepien, M, Merritt, MA, Riboli, E, Cross, AJ, Ward, HA, Whitman, J, Muller, DC, Johansson, M, Jakszyn, P, Weiderpass, E, Palli, D, Fanidi, A, Vermeulen, R, Tjonneland, A, Hansen, L, Dahm, CC, Overvad, K, Severi, G, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Affret, A, Kaaks, R, Fortner, R, Boeing, H, Trichopoulou, A, La Vecchia, C, Kotanidou, A, Berrino, F, Krogh, V, Tumino, R, Ricceri, F, Panico, S, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Peeters, PH, Nost, TH, Sandanger, TM, Ramon Quiros, J, Agudo, A, Rodriguez-Barranco, M, Larranaga, N, Maria Huerta, J, Ardanaz, E, Drake, I, Brunnstrom, H, Grankvist, K, Travis, RC, Freisling, H, Stepien, M, Merritt, MA, Riboli, E, and Cross, AJ
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies suggest that haem iron, which is found predominantly in red meat and increases endogenous formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds, may be positively associated with lung cancer. The objective was to examine the relationship between haem iron intake and lung cancer risk using detailed smoking history data and serum cotinine to control for potential confounding. METHODS: In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), 416,746 individuals from 10 countries completed demographic and dietary questionnaires at recruitment. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident lung cancer (n = 3731) risk relative to haem iron, non-haem iron, and total dietary iron intake. A corresponding analysis was conducted among a nested subset of 800 lung cancer cases and 1489 matched controls for whom serum cotinine was available. RESULTS: Haem iron was associated with lung cancer risk, including after adjustment for details of smoking history (time since quitting, number of cigarettes per day): as a continuous variable (HR per 0.3 mg/1000 kcal 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.07), and in the highest versus lowest quintile (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.02-1.32; trend across quintiles: P = 0.035). In contrast, non-haem iron intake was related inversely with lung cancer risk; however, this association attenuated after adjustment for smoking history. Additional adjustment for serum cotinine did not considerably alter the associations detected in the nested case-control subset. CONCLUSIONS: Greater haem iron intake may be modestly associated with lung cancer risk.
Published: 2019

3. Worldwide comparison of survival from childhood leukaemia for 1995-2009, by subtype, age, and sex (CONCORD-2): a population-based study of individual data for 89 828 children from 198 registries in 53 countries.

Author: CONCORD Working Group, Bouzbid, S., Hamdi-Chérif, M., Zaidi, Z., Bah, E., Swaminathan, R., Nortje, S.H., El Mistiri, M.M., Bayo, S., Malle, B., Manraj, S.S., Sewpaul-Sungkur, R., Ogunbiyi, O.J., Bradshaw, D., Somdyala, N., Stefan, D.C., Abdel-Rahman, M., Jaidane, L., Mokni, M., Kumcher, I., Moreno, F., González, M.S., Laura, E.A., Espinola, S.B., Calabrano, G.H., Carballo Quintero, B., Fita, R., Garcilazo, D.A., Giacciani, P.L., Diumenjo, M.C., Laspada, W.D., Green, M.A., Lanza, M.F., Ibañez, S.G., Lima, C.A., de Oliveira, E.L., Daniel, C., Scandiuzzi, C., De Souza, P., Melo, C.D., Del Pino, K., Laporte, C., Curado, M.P., de Oliveira, J.C., Veneziano, C., Veneziano, D.B., Azevedo E Silva, G., Galaz, J.C., Moya, J.A., Herrmann, D.A., Vargas, S., Herrera, V.M., Uribe, C.J., Bravo, L.E., Arias-Ortiz, N.E., Jurado, D.M., Yépez, M.C., Galán, Y.H., Torres, P., Martínez-Reyes, F., Pérez-Meza, M.L., Jaramillo, L., Quinto, R., Cueva, P., Yépez, J.G., Torres-Cintrón, C.R., Tortolero-Luna, G., Alonso, R., Barrios, E., Nikiforuk, C., Shack, L., Coldman, A.J., Woods, R.R., Noonan, G., Turner, D., Kumar, E., Zhang, B., McCrate, F.R., Ryan, S., Hannah, H., Dewar, R., MacIntyre, M., Lalany, A., Ruta, M., Marrett, L., Nishri, D.E., McClure, C., Vriends, K.A., Bertrand, C., Louchini, R., Robb, K.I., Stuart-Panko, H., Demers, S., Wright, S., George, J.T., Shen, X., Brockhouse, J.T., O'Brien, D.K., Ward, K.C., Almon, L., Bates, J., Rycroft, R., Mueller, L., Phillips, C., Brown, H., Cromartie, B., Schwartz, A.G., Vigneau, F., MacKinnon, J.A., Wohler, B., Bayakly, A.R., Clarke, C.A., Glaser, S.L., West, D., Green, M.D., Hernandez, B.Y., Johnson, C.J., Jozwik, D., Charlton, M.E., Lynch, C.F., Huang, B., Tucker, T.C., Deapen, D., Liu, L., Hsieh, M.C., Wu, X.C., Stern, K., Gershman, S.T., Knowlton, R.C., Alverson, J., Copeland, G.E., Rogers, D.B., Lemons, D., Williamson, L.L., Hood, M., Hosain, G.M., Rees, J.R., Pawlish, K.S., Stroup, A., Key, C., Wiggins, C., Kahn, A.R., Schymura, M.J., Leung, G., Rao, C., Giljahn, L., Warther, B., Pate, A., Patil, M., Schubert, S.S., Rubertone, J.J., Slack, S.J., Fulton, J.P., Rousseau, D.L., Janes, T.A., Schwartz, S.M., Bolick, S.W., Hurley, D.M., Richards, J., Whiteside, M.A., Nogueira, L.M., Herget, K., Sweeney, C., Martin, J., Wang, S., Harrelson, D.G., Cheteri, M.K., Farley, S., Hudson, A.G., Borchers, R., Stephenson, L., Espinoza, J.R., Weir, H.K., Edwards, B.K., Wang, N., Yang, L., Chen, J.S., Song, G.H., Gu, X.P., Zhang, P., Ge, H.M., Zhao, D.L., Zhang, J.H., Zhu, F.D., Tang, J.G., Shen, Y., Wang, J., Li, Q.L., Yang, X.P., Dong, J., Li, W., Cheng, L.P., Chen, J.G., Huang, Q.H., Huang, S.Q., Guo, G.P., Wei, K., Chen, W.Q., Zeng, H., Demetriou, A.V., Pavlou, P., Mang, W.K., Ngan, K.C., Kataki, A.C., Krishnatreya, M., Jayalekshmi, P.A., Sebastian, P., Sapkota, S.D., Verma, Y., Nandakumar, A., Suzanna, E., Keinan-Boker, L., Silverman, B.G., Ito, H., Nakagawa, H., Hattori, M., Kaizaki, Y., Sugiyama, H., Utada, M., Katayama, K., Narimatsu, H., Kanemura, S., Koike, T., Miyashiro, I., Yoshii, M., Oki, I., Shibata, A., Matsuda, T., Nimri, O., Ab Manan, A., Pathy, N.B., Chimedsuren, O., Tuvshingerel, S., Al Khater, A., Al-Eid, H., Jung, K.W., Won, Y.J., Chiang, C.J., Lai, M.S., Suwanrungruang, K., Wiangnon, S., Daoprasert, K., Pongnikorn, D., Geater, S.L., Sriplung, H., Eser, S., Yakut, C.I., Hackl, M., Mühlböck, H., Oberaigner, W., Zborovskaya, A.A., Aleinikova, O.V., Henau, K., Van Eycken, L., Dimitrova, N., Valerianova, Z., Šekerija, M., Zvolský, M., Engholm, G., Storm, H., Innos, K., Mägi, M., Malila, N., Seppä, K., Jégu, J., Velten, M., Cornet, E., Troussard, X., Bouvier, A.M., Faivre, J., Guizard, A.V., Bouvier, V., Launoy, G., Arveux, P., Maynadié, M., Mounier, M., Fournier, E., Woronoff, A.S., Daoulas, M., Clavel, J., Le Guyader-Peyrou, S., Monnereau, A., Trétarre, B., Colonna, M., Cowppli-Bony, A., Molinié, F., Bara, S., Degré, D., Ganry, O., Lapôtre-Ledoux, B., Grosclaude, P., Estève, J., Bray, F., Piñeros, M., Sassi, F., Stabenow, R., Eberle, A., Erb, C., Nennecke, A., Kieschke, J., Sirri, E., Kajueter, H., Emrich, K., Zeissig, S.R., Holleczek, B., Eisemann, N., Katalinic, A., Brenner, H., Asquez, R.A., Kumar, V., Ólafsdóttir, E.J., Tryggvadóttir, L., Comber, H., Walsh, P.M., Sundseth, H., Devigili, E., Mazzoleni, G., Giacomin, A., Bella, F., Castaing, M., Sutera, A., Gola, G., Ferretti, S., Serraino, D., Zucchetto, A., Lillini, R., Vercelli, M., Busco, S., Pannozzo, F., Vitarelli, S., Ricci, P., Pascucci, C., Autelitano, M., Cirilli, C., Federico, M., Fusco, M., Vitale, M.F., Usala, M., Cusimano, R., Mazzucco, W., Michiara, M., Sgargi, P., Maule, M.M., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Di Felice, E., Vicentini, M., Falcini, F., Cremone, L., Budroni, M., Cesaraccio, R., Contrino, M.L., Tisano, F., Fanetti, A.C., Maspero, S., Candela, G., Scuderi, T., Gentilini, M.A., Piffer, S., Rosso, S., Sacchetto, L., Caldarella, A., La Rosa, F., Stracci, F., Contiero, P., Tagliabue, G., Dei Tos, A.P., Zorzi, M., Zanetti, R., Baili, P., Berrino, F., Gatta, G., Sant, M., Capocaccia, R., De Angelis, R., Liepina, E., Maurina, A., Smailyte, G., Agius, D., Calleja, N., Siesling, S., Visser, O., Larønningen, S., Møller, B., Dyzmann-Sroka, A., Trojanowski, M., Gózdz, S., Mezyk, R., Gradalska-Lampart, M., Radziszewska, A.U., Didkowska, J.A., Wojciechowska, U., Blaszczyk, J., Kepska, K., Bielska-Lasota, M., Kwiatkowska, K., Forjaz, G., Rego, R.A., Bastos, J., Silva, M.A., Antunes, L., Bento, M.J., Mayer-da-Silva, A., Miranda, A., Coza, D., Todescu, A.I., Valkov, M.Y., Adamcik, J., Safaei Diba, C., Primic-Žakelj, M., Žagar, T., Stare, J., Almar, E., Mateos, A., Quirós, J.R., Bidaurrazaga, J., Larrañaga, N., Díaz García, J.M., Marcos, A.I., Marcos-Gragera, R., Vilardell Gil, M.L., Molina, E., Sánchez, M.J., Sureda, P.F., Montserrat, M.R., Chirlaque, M.D., Navarro, C., Ardanaz, E.E., Moreno-Iribas, C.C., Fernández-Delgado, R., Peris-Bonet, R., Galceran, J., Khan, S., Lambe, M., Camey, B., Bouchardy, C., Usel, M., Ess, S.M., Herrmann, C., Bulliard, J.L., Maspoli-Conconi, M., Frick, H., Kuehni, C.E., Schindler, M., Bordoni, A., Spitale, A., Chiolero, A., Konzelmann, I., Dehler, S.I., Matthes, K.L., Rashbass, J., Stiller, C.A., Fitzpatrick, D., Gavin, A., Bannon, F., Black, R.J., Brewster, D.H., Huws, D.W., White, C., Finan, P., Allemani, C., Bonaventure, A., Carreira, H., Coleman, M.P., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Liu, K., Matz, M., Montel, L., Nikšić, M., Rachet, B., Sanz, N., Spika, D., Stephens, R., Peake, M., Murphy, M., Chalker, E., Newman, L., Baker, D., Soeberg, M.J., Aitken, J., Scott, C., Stokes, B.C., Venn, A., Farrugia, H., Giles, G.G., Threlfall, T., Currow, D., You, H., Hendrix, J., Lewis, C., Latorre, M.R., Tanaka, L.F., Murphy, MFG, CONCORD Working Group, Bouzbid, S., Hamdi-Chérif, M., Zaidi, Z., Bah, E., Swaminathan, R., Nortje, S.H., El Mistiri, M.M., Bayo, S., Malle, B., Manraj, S.S., Sewpaul-Sungkur, R., Ogunbiyi, O.J., Bradshaw, D., Somdyala, N., Stefan, D.C., Abdel-Rahman, M., Jaidane, L., Mokni, M., Kumcher, I., Moreno, F., González, M.S., Laura, E.A., Espinola, S.B., Calabrano, G.H., Carballo Quintero, B., Fita, R., Garcilazo, D.A., Giacciani, P.L., Diumenjo, M.C., Laspada, W.D., Green, M.A., Lanza, M.F., Ibañez, S.G., Lima, C.A., de Oliveira, E.L., Daniel, C., Scandiuzzi, C., De Souza, P., Melo, C.D., Del Pino, K., Laporte, C., Curado, M.P., de Oliveira, J.C., Veneziano, C., Veneziano, D.B., Azevedo E Silva, G., Galaz, J.C., Moya, J.A., Herrmann, D.A., Vargas, S., Herrera, V.M., Uribe, C.J., Bravo, L.E., Arias-Ortiz, N.E., Jurado, D.M., Yépez, M.C., Galán, Y.H., Torres, P., Martínez-Reyes, F., Pérez-Meza, M.L., Jaramillo, L., Quinto, R., Cueva, P., Yépez, J.G., Torres-Cintrón, C.R., Tortolero-Luna, G., Alonso, R., Barrios, E., Nikiforuk, C., Shack, L., Coldman, A.J., Woods, R.R., Noonan, G., Turner, D., Kumar, E., Zhang, B., McCrate, F.R., Ryan, S., Hannah, H., Dewar, R., MacIntyre, M., Lalany, A., Ruta, M., Marrett, L., Nishri, D.E., McClure, C., Vriends, K.A., Bertrand, C., Louchini, R., Robb, K.I., Stuart-Panko, H., Demers, S., Wright, S., George, J.T., Shen, X., Brockhouse, J.T., O'Brien, D.K., Ward, K.C., Almon, L., Bates, J., Rycroft, R., Mueller, L., Phillips, C., Brown, H., Cromartie, B., Schwartz, A.G., Vigneau, F., MacKinnon, J.A., Wohler, B., Bayakly, A.R., Clarke, C.A., Glaser, S.L., West, D., Green, M.D., Hernandez, B.Y., Johnson, C.J., Jozwik, D., Charlton, M.E., Lynch, C.F., Huang, B., Tucker, T.C., Deapen, D., Liu, L., Hsieh, M.C., Wu, X.C., Stern, K., Gershman, S.T., Knowlton, R.C., Alverson, J., Copeland, G.E., Rogers, D.B., Lemons, D., Williamson, L.L., Hood, M., Hosain, G.M., Rees, J.R., Pawlish, K.S., Stroup, A., Key, C., Wiggins, C., Kahn, A.R., Schymura, M.J., Leung, G., Rao, C., Giljahn, L., Warther, B., Pate, A., Patil, M., Schubert, S.S., Rubertone, J.J., Slack, S.J., Fulton, J.P., Rousseau, D.L., Janes, T.A., Schwartz, S.M., Bolick, S.W., Hurley, D.M., Richards, J., Whiteside, M.A., Nogueira, L.M., Herget, K., Sweeney, C., Martin, J., Wang, S., Harrelson, D.G., Cheteri, M.K., Farley, S., Hudson, A.G., Borchers, R., Stephenson, L., Espinoza, J.R., Weir, H.K., Edwards, B.K., Wang, N., Yang, L., Chen, J.S., Song, G.H., Gu, X.P., Zhang, P., Ge, H.M., Zhao, D.L., Zhang, J.H., Zhu, F.D., Tang, J.G., Shen, Y., Wang, J., Li, Q.L., Yang, X.P., Dong, J., Li, W., Cheng, L.P., Chen, J.G., Huang, Q.H., Huang, S.Q., Guo, G.P., Wei, K., Chen, W.Q., Zeng, H., Demetriou, A.V., Pavlou, P., Mang, W.K., Ngan, K.C., Kataki, A.C., Krishnatreya, M., Jayalekshmi, P.A., Sebastian, P., Sapkota, S.D., Verma, Y., Nandakumar, A., Suzanna, E., Keinan-Boker, L., Silverman, B.G., Ito, H., Nakagawa, H., Hattori, M., Kaizaki, Y., Sugiyama, H., Utada, M., Katayama, K., Narimatsu, H., Kanemura, S., Koike, T., Miyashiro, I., Yoshii, M., Oki, I., Shibata, A., Matsuda, T., Nimri, O., Ab Manan, A., Pathy, N.B., Chimedsuren, O., Tuvshingerel, S., Al Khater, A., Al-Eid, H., Jung, K.W., Won, Y.J., Chiang, C.J., Lai, M.S., Suwanrungruang, K., Wiangnon, S., Daoprasert, K., Pongnikorn, D., Geater, S.L., Sriplung, H., Eser, S., Yakut, C.I., Hackl, M., Mühlböck, H., Oberaigner, W., Zborovskaya, A.A., Aleinikova, O.V., Henau, K., Van Eycken, L., Dimitrova, N., Valerianova, Z., Šekerija, M., Zvolský, M., Engholm, G., Storm, H., Innos, K., Mägi, M., Malila, N., Seppä, K., Jégu, J., Velten, M., Cornet, E., Troussard, X., Bouvier, A.M., Faivre, J., Guizard, A.V., Bouvier, V., Launoy, G., Arveux, P., Maynadié, M., Mounier, M., Fournier, E., Woronoff, A.S., Daoulas, M., Clavel, J., Le Guyader-Peyrou, S., Monnereau, A., Trétarre, B., Colonna, M., Cowppli-Bony, A., Molinié, F., Bara, S., Degré, D., Ganry, O., Lapôtre-Ledoux, B., Grosclaude, P., Estève, J., Bray, F., Piñeros, M., Sassi, F., Stabenow, R., Eberle, A., Erb, C., Nennecke, A., Kieschke, J., Sirri, E., Kajueter, H., Emrich, K., Zeissig, S.R., Holleczek, B., Eisemann, N., Katalinic, A., Brenner, H., Asquez, R.A., Kumar, V., Ólafsdóttir, E.J., Tryggvadóttir, L., Comber, H., Walsh, P.M., Sundseth, H., Devigili, E., Mazzoleni, G., Giacomin, A., Bella, F., Castaing, M., Sutera, A., Gola, G., Ferretti, S., Serraino, D., Zucchetto, A., Lillini, R., Vercelli, M., Busco, S., Pannozzo, F., Vitarelli, S., Ricci, P., Pascucci, C., Autelitano, M., Cirilli, C., Federico, M., Fusco, M., Vitale, M.F., Usala, M., Cusimano, R., Mazzucco, W., Michiara, M., Sgargi, P., Maule, M.M., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Di Felice, E., Vicentini, M., Falcini, F., Cremone, L., Budroni, M., Cesaraccio, R., Contrino, M.L., Tisano, F., Fanetti, A.C., Maspero, S., Candela, G., Scuderi, T., Gentilini, M.A., Piffer, S., Rosso, S., Sacchetto, L., Caldarella, A., La Rosa, F., Stracci, F., Contiero, P., Tagliabue, G., Dei Tos, A.P., Zorzi, M., Zanetti, R., Baili, P., Berrino, F., Gatta, G., Sant, M., Capocaccia, R., De Angelis, R., Liepina, E., Maurina, A., Smailyte, G., Agius, D., Calleja, N., Siesling, S., Visser, O., Larønningen, S., Møller, B., Dyzmann-Sroka, A., Trojanowski, M., Gózdz, S., Mezyk, R., Gradalska-Lampart, M., Radziszewska, A.U., Didkowska, J.A., Wojciechowska, U., Blaszczyk, J., Kepska, K., Bielska-Lasota, M., Kwiatkowska, K., Forjaz, G., Rego, R.A., Bastos, J., Silva, M.A., Antunes, L., Bento, M.J., Mayer-da-Silva, A., Miranda, A., Coza, D., Todescu, A.I., Valkov, M.Y., Adamcik, J., Safaei Diba, C., Primic-Žakelj, M., Žagar, T., Stare, J., Almar, E., Mateos, A., Quirós, J.R., Bidaurrazaga, J., Larrañaga, N., Díaz García, J.M., Marcos, A.I., Marcos-Gragera, R., Vilardell Gil, M.L., Molina, E., Sánchez, M.J., Sureda, P.F., Montserrat, M.R., Chirlaque, M.D., Navarro, C., Ardanaz, E.E., Moreno-Iribas, C.C., Fernández-Delgado, R., Peris-Bonet, R., Galceran, J., Khan, S., Lambe, M., Camey, B., Bouchardy, C., Usel, M., Ess, S.M., Herrmann, C., Bulliard, J.L., Maspoli-Conconi, M., Frick, H., Kuehni, C.E., Schindler, M., Bordoni, A., Spitale, A., Chiolero, A., Konzelmann, I., Dehler, S.I., Matthes, K.L., Rashbass, J., Stiller, C.A., Fitzpatrick, D., Gavin, A., Bannon, F., Black, R.J., Brewster, D.H., Huws, D.W., White, C., Finan, P., Allemani, C., Bonaventure, A., Carreira, H., Coleman, M.P., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Liu, K., Matz, M., Montel, L., Nikšić, M., Rachet, B., Sanz, N., Spika, D., Stephens, R., Peake, M., Murphy, M., Chalker, E., Newman, L., Baker, D., Soeberg, M.J., Aitken, J., Scott, C., Stokes, B.C., Venn, A., Farrugia, H., Giles, G.G., Threlfall, T., Currow, D., You, H., Hendrix, J., Lewis, C., Latorre, M.R., Tanaka, L.F., and Murphy, MFG
Abstract: Global inequalities in access to health care are reflected in differences in cancer survival. The CONCORD programme was designed to assess worldwide differences and trends in population-based cancer survival. In this population-based study, we aimed to estimate survival inequalities globally for several subtypes of childhood leukaemia. Cancer registries participating in CONCORD were asked to submit tumour registrations for all children aged 0-14 years who were diagnosed with leukaemia between Jan 1, 1995, and Dec 31, 2009, and followed up until Dec 31, 2009. Haematological malignancies were defined by morphology codes in the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, third revision. We excluded data from registries from which the data were judged to be less reliable, or included only lymphomas, and data from countries in which data for fewer than ten children were available for analysis. We also excluded records because of a missing date of birth, diagnosis, or last known vital status. We estimated 5-year net survival (ie, the probability of surviving at least 5 years after diagnosis, after controlling for deaths from other causes [background mortality]) for children by calendar period of diagnosis (1995-99, 2000-04, and 2005-09), sex, and age at diagnosis (<1, 1-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years, inclusive) using appropriate life tables. We estimated age-standardised net survival for international comparison of survival trends for precursor-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). We analysed data from 89 828 children from 198 registries in 53 countries. During 1995-99, 5-year age-standardised net survival for all lymphoid leukaemias combined ranged from 10·6% (95% CI 3·1-18·2) in the Chinese registries to 86·8% (81·6-92·0) in Austria. International differences in 5-year survival for childhood leukaemia were still large as recently as 2005-09, when age-standardised survival for lymphoid leukaemias ranged from 52·4% (95% CI 42
Published: 2017

4. Metformin-induced ablation of microRNA 21-5p releases Sestrin-1 and CAB39L antitumoral activities.

Author: Pulito, C, Mori, F, Sacconi, A, Goeman, F, Ferraiuolo, M, Pasanisi, P, Campagnoli, C, Berrino, F, Fanciulli, M, Ford, RJ, Levrero, M, Pediconi, N, Ciuffreda, L, Milella, M, Steinberg, GR, Cioce, M, Muti, P, Strano, S, Blandino, G, Pulito, C, Mori, F, Sacconi, A, Goeman, F, Ferraiuolo, M, Pasanisi, P, Campagnoli, C, Berrino, F, Fanciulli, M, Ford, RJ, Levrero, M, Pediconi, N, Ciuffreda, L, Milella, M, Steinberg, GR, Cioce, M, Muti, P, Strano, S, and Blandino, G
Abstract: Metformin is a commonly prescribed type II diabetes medication that exhibits promising anticancer effects. Recently, these effects were found to be associated, at least in part, with a modulation of microRNA expression. However, the mechanisms by which single modulated microRNAs mediate the anticancer effects of metformin are not entirely clear and knowledge of such a process could be vital to maximize the potential therapeutic benefits of this safe and well-tolerated therapy. Our analysis here revealed that the expression of miR-21-5p was downregulated in multiple breast cancer cell lines treated with pharmacologically relevant doses of metformin. Interestingly, the inhibition of miR-21-5p following metformin treatment was also observed in mouse breast cancer xenografts and in sera from 96 breast cancer patients. This modulation occurred at the levels of both pri-miR-21 and pre-miR-21, suggesting transcriptional modulation. Antagomir-mediated ablation of miR-21-5p phenocopied the effects of metformin on both the clonogenicity and migration of the treated cells, while ectopic expression of miR-21-5p had the opposite effect. Mechanistically, this reduction in miR-21-5p enhanced the expression of critical upstream activators of the AMP-activated protein kinase, calcium-binding protein 39-like and Sestrin-1, leading to AMP-activated protein kinase activation and inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling. Importantly, these effects of metformin were synergistic with those of everolimus, a clinically relevant mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, and were independent of the phosphatase and tensin homolog status. This highlights the potential relevance of metformin in combinatorial settings for the treatment of breast cancer.
Published: 2017

5. European code against cancer 4th edition: 12 ways to reduce your cancer risk

Author: Schüz, J., Espina, C., Villain, P., Herrero, R., Leon, M., Minozzi, S., Romieu, I., Segnan, N., Wardle, J., Wiseman, M., Belardelli, F., Bettcher, D., Cavalli, F., Galea, G., Lenoir, G., Martin-Moreno, J., Nicula, F., Olsen, J., Patnick, J., Primic-Zakelj, M., Puska, P., Van Leeuwen, F., Wiestler, O., Zatonski, W., Guha, N., Kralikova, E., McNeill, A., Peruga, A., Anderson, A., Berrino, F., Boutron-Ruault, M., Cecchini, M., Key, T., Leitzmann, M., Norat, T., Powers, H., Scoccianti, C., Auvinen, A., de Vries, E., Erdmann, F., Greinert, R., Harrison, J., Kesminiene, A., McColl, N., Friis, S., Kogevinas, M., Saracci, R., Straif, K., Vainio, H., Almonte, M., Anttila, A., De Vuyst, H., Dillner, J., Franceschi, S., Gonzalez, P., Hall, A., Park, J., Armaroli, P., Atkin, W., Dean, P., de Koning, H., Dillner, L., Kuipers, E., Lansdorp_Vogelaar, Iris, Paci, E., Regula, J., Suonio, E., Törnberg, S., Wood, L., Gaudin, N., Frie, K., Terrasse, V., Winstanley, K., Bellisario, C., Biagioli, E., Cinquini, M., Gianola, S., Lorenzo, M., von Karsa, L., Lignini, T., Schüz, J., Espina, C., Villain, P., Herrero, R., Leon, M., Minozzi, S., Romieu, I., Segnan, N., Wardle, J., Wiseman, M., Belardelli, F., Bettcher, D., Cavalli, F., Galea, G., Lenoir, G., Martin-Moreno, J., Nicula, F., Olsen, J., Patnick, J., Primic-Zakelj, M., Puska, P., Van Leeuwen, F., Wiestler, O., Zatonski, W., Guha, N., Kralikova, E., McNeill, A., Peruga, A., Anderson, A., Berrino, F., Boutron-Ruault, M., Cecchini, M., Key, T., Leitzmann, M., Norat, T., Powers, H., Scoccianti, C., Auvinen, A., de Vries, E., Erdmann, F., Greinert, R., Harrison, J., Kesminiene, A., McColl, N., Friis, S., Kogevinas, M., Saracci, R., Straif, K., Vainio, H., Almonte, M., Anttila, A., De Vuyst, H., Dillner, J., Franceschi, S., Gonzalez, P., Hall, A., Park, J., Armaroli, P., Atkin, W., Dean, P., de Koning, H., Dillner, L., Kuipers, E., Lansdorp_Vogelaar, Iris, Paci, E., Regula, J., Suonio, E., Törnberg, S., Wood, L., Gaudin, N., Frie, K., Terrasse, V., Winstanley, K., Bellisario, C., Biagioli, E., Cinquini, M., Gianola, S., Lorenzo, M., von Karsa, L., and Lignini, T.
Abstract: This overview describes the principles of the 4th edition of the European Code against Cancer and provides an introduction to the 12 recommendations to reduce cancer risk. Among the 504.6 million inhabitants of the member states of the European Union (EU28), there are annually 2.64 million new cancer cases and 1.28 million deaths from cancer. It is estimated that this cancer burden could be reduced by up to one half if scientific knowledge on causes of cancer could be translated into successful prevention. The Code is a preventive tool aimed to reduce the cancer burden by informing people how to avoid or reduce carcinogenic exposures, adopt behaviours to reduce the cancer risk, or to participate in organised intervention programmes. The Code should also form a base to guide national health policies in cancer prevention. The 12 recommendations are: not smoking or using other tobacco products; avoiding second-hand smoke; being a healthy body weight; encouraging physical activity; having a healthy diet; limiting alcohol consumption, with not drinking alcohol being better for cancer prevention; avoiding too much exposure to ultraviolet radiation; avoiding cancer-causing agents at the workplace; reducing exposure to high levels of radon; encouraging breastfeeding; limiting the use of hormone replacement therapy; participating in organised vaccination programmes against hepatitis B for newborns and human papillomavirus for girls; and participating in organised screening programmes for bowel cancer, breast cancer, and cervical cancer.
Published: 2015

6. Mediterranean diet and incidence of hip fractures in a European cohort

Author: Benetou, V, Orfanos, P, Pettersson-Kymmer, Ulrika, Bergström, Ulrica, Svensson, Olle, Johansson, Ingegerd, Berrino, F, Tumino, R, Borch, K B, Lund, E, Peeters, P H M, Grote, V, Li, K, Altzibar, J M, Key, T, Boeing, H, von Ruesten, A, Norat, T, Wark, P A, Riboli, E, Trichopoulou, A, Benetou, V, Orfanos, P, Pettersson-Kymmer, Ulrika, Bergström, Ulrica, Svensson, Olle, Johansson, Ingegerd, Berrino, F, Tumino, R, Borch, K B, Lund, E, Peeters, P H M, Grote, V, Li, K, Altzibar, J M, Key, T, Boeing, H, von Ruesten, A, Norat, T, Wark, P A, Riboli, E, and Trichopoulou, A
Abstract: Prevention of hip fractures is of critical public health importance. In a cohort of adults from eight European countries, evidence was found that increased adherence to Mediterranean diet, measured by a 10-unit dietary score, is associated with reduced hip fracture incidence, particularly among men. INTRODUCTION: Evidence on the role of dietary patterns on hip fracture incidence is scarce. We explored the association of adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) with hip fracture incidence in a cohort from eight European countries. METHODS: A total of 188,795 eligible participants (48,814 men and 139,981 women) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition study with mean age 48.6 years (±10.8) were followed for a median of 9 years, and 802 incident hip fractures were recorded. Diet was assessed at baseline through validated dietary instruments. Adherence to MD was evaluated by a MD score (MDs), on a 10-point scale, in which monounsaturated were substituted with unsaturated lipids. Association with hip fracture incidence was assessed through Cox regression with adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS: Increased adherence to MD was associated with a 7 % decrease in hip fracture incidence [hazard ratio (HR) per 1-unit increase in the MDs 0.93; 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) = 0.89-0.98]. This association was more evident among men and somewhat stronger among older individuals. Using increments close to one standard deviation of daily intake, in the overall sample, high vegetable (HR = 0.86; 95 % CI = 0.79-0.94) and high fruit (HR = 0.89; 95 % CI = 0.82-0.97) intake was associated with decreased hip fracture incidence, whereas high meat intake (HR = 1.18; 95 % CI = 1.06-1.31) with increased incidence. Excessive ethanol consumption (HR high versus moderate = 1.74; 95 % CI = 1.32-2.31) was also a risk factor. CONCLUSIONS: In a prospective study of adults, increased adherence to MD appears to protect against hip fracture occurrence, particularly
Published: 2013
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7. Mediterranean diet and incidence of hip fractures in a European cohort

Author: Benetou, V, Orfanos, P, Pettersson-Kymmer, Ulrika, Bergström, Ulrica, Svensson, Olle, Johansson, Ingegerd, Berrino, F, Tumino, R, Borch, K B, Lund, E, Peeters, P H M, Grote, V, Li, K, Altzibar, J M, Key, T, Boeing, H, von Ruesten, A, Norat, T, Wark, P A, Riboli, E, Trichopoulou, A, Benetou, V, Orfanos, P, Pettersson-Kymmer, Ulrika, Bergström, Ulrica, Svensson, Olle, Johansson, Ingegerd, Berrino, F, Tumino, R, Borch, K B, Lund, E, Peeters, P H M, Grote, V, Li, K, Altzibar, J M, Key, T, Boeing, H, von Ruesten, A, Norat, T, Wark, P A, Riboli, E, and Trichopoulou, A
Abstract: Prevention of hip fractures is of critical public health importance. In a cohort of adults from eight European countries, evidence was found that increased adherence to Mediterranean diet, measured by a 10-unit dietary score, is associated with reduced hip fracture incidence, particularly among men. INTRODUCTION: Evidence on the role of dietary patterns on hip fracture incidence is scarce. We explored the association of adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) with hip fracture incidence in a cohort from eight European countries. METHODS: A total of 188,795 eligible participants (48,814 men and 139,981 women) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition study with mean age 48.6 years (±10.8) were followed for a median of 9 years, and 802 incident hip fractures were recorded. Diet was assessed at baseline through validated dietary instruments. Adherence to MD was evaluated by a MD score (MDs), on a 10-point scale, in which monounsaturated were substituted with unsaturated lipids. Association with hip fracture incidence was assessed through Cox regression with adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS: Increased adherence to MD was associated with a 7 % decrease in hip fracture incidence [hazard ratio (HR) per 1-unit increase in the MDs 0.93; 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) = 0.89-0.98]. This association was more evident among men and somewhat stronger among older individuals. Using increments close to one standard deviation of daily intake, in the overall sample, high vegetable (HR = 0.86; 95 % CI = 0.79-0.94) and high fruit (HR = 0.89; 95 % CI = 0.82-0.97) intake was associated with decreased hip fracture incidence, whereas high meat intake (HR = 1.18; 95 % CI = 1.06-1.31) with increased incidence. Excessive ethanol consumption (HR high versus moderate = 1.74; 95 % CI = 1.32-2.31) was also a risk factor. CONCLUSIONS: In a prospective study of adults, increased adherence to MD appears to protect against hip fracture occurrence, particularly
Published: 2013
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8. Reproductive factors and risk of hormone receptor positive and negative breast cancer: a cohort study

Author: Ritte, R, Tikk, K, Lukanova, A, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Overvad, K, Dossus, L, Fournier, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Grote, V, Boeing, H, Aleksandrova, K, Trichopoulou, A, Lagiou, P, Trichopoulos, D, Palli, D, Berrino, F, Mattiello, A, Tumino, R, Sacerdote, C, Ramon Quiros, J, Buckland, G, Molina-Montes, E, Chirlaque, M-D, Ardanaz, E, Amiano, P, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, van Gils, CH, Peeters, PHM, Wareham, N, Khaw, K-T, Key, TJ, Travis, RC, Weiderpass, E, Dumeaux, V, Lund, E, Sund, M, Andersson, A, Romieu, I, Rinaldi, S, Vineis, P, Merritt, MA, Riboli, E, Kaaks, R, Ritte, R, Tikk, K, Lukanova, A, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Overvad, K, Dossus, L, Fournier, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Grote, V, Boeing, H, Aleksandrova, K, Trichopoulou, A, Lagiou, P, Trichopoulos, D, Palli, D, Berrino, F, Mattiello, A, Tumino, R, Sacerdote, C, Ramon Quiros, J, Buckland, G, Molina-Montes, E, Chirlaque, M-D, Ardanaz, E, Amiano, P, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, van Gils, CH, Peeters, PHM, Wareham, N, Khaw, K-T, Key, TJ, Travis, RC, Weiderpass, E, Dumeaux, V, Lund, E, Sund, M, Andersson, A, Romieu, I, Rinaldi, S, Vineis, P, Merritt, MA, Riboli, E, and Kaaks, R
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The association of reproductive factors with hormone receptor (HR)-negative breast tumors remains uncertain. METHODS: Within the EPIC cohort, Cox proportional hazards models were used to describe the relationships of reproductive factors (menarcheal age, time between menarche and first pregnancy, parity, number of children, age at first and last pregnancies, time since last full-term childbirth, breastfeeding, age at menopause, ever having an abortion and use of oral contraceptives [OC]) with risk of ER-PR- (n = 998) and ER+PR+ (n = 3,567) breast tumors. RESULTS: A later first full-term childbirth was associated with increased risk of ER+PR+ tumors but not with risk of ER-PR- tumors (≥35 vs. ≤19 years HR: 1.47 [95% CI 1.15-1.88] p(trend) < 0.001 for ER+PR+ tumors; ≥35 vs. ≤19 years HR: 0.93 [95% CI 0.53-1.65] p(trend) = 0.96 for ER-PR- tumors; P(het) = 0.03). The risk associations of menarcheal age, and time period between menarche and first full-term childbirth with ER-PR-tumors were in the similar direction with risk of ER+PR+ tumors (p(het) = 0.50), although weaker in magnitude and statistically only borderline significant. Other parity related factors such as ever a full-term birth, number of births, age- and time since last birth were associated only with ER+PR+ malignancies, however no statistical heterogeneity between breast cancer subtypes was observed. Breastfeeding and OC use were generally not associated with breast cancer subtype risk. CONCLUSION: Our study provides possible evidence that age at menarche, and time between menarche and first full-term childbirth may be associated with the etiology of both HR-negative and HR-positive malignancies, although the associations with HR-negative breast cancer were only borderline significant.
Published: 2013

9. Adiposity, hormone replacement therapy use and breast cancer risk by age and hormone receptor status: a large prospective cohort study

Author: Ritte, R, Lukanova, A, Berrino, F, Dossus, L, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Overvad, TF, Overvad, K, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Fournier, A, Fagherazzi, G, Rohrmann, S, Teucher, B, Boeing, H, Aleksandrova, K, Trichopoulou, A, Lagiou, P, Trichopoulos, D, Palli, D, Sieri, S, Panico, S, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Ramon Quiros, J, Buckland, G, Sanchez, M-J, Amiano, P, Chirlaque, M-D, Ardanaz, E, Sund, M, Lenner, P, Bueno-de-Mesquita, B, van Gils, CH, Peeters, PHM, Krum-Hansen, S, Gram, IT, Lund, E, Khaw, K-T, Wareham, N, Allen, NE, Key, TJ, Romieu, I, Rinaldi, S, Siddiq, A, Cox, D, Riboli, E, Kaaks, R, Ritte, R, Lukanova, A, Berrino, F, Dossus, L, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Overvad, TF, Overvad, K, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Fournier, A, Fagherazzi, G, Rohrmann, S, Teucher, B, Boeing, H, Aleksandrova, K, Trichopoulou, A, Lagiou, P, Trichopoulos, D, Palli, D, Sieri, S, Panico, S, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Ramon Quiros, J, Buckland, G, Sanchez, M-J, Amiano, P, Chirlaque, M-D, Ardanaz, E, Sund, M, Lenner, P, Bueno-de-Mesquita, B, van Gils, CH, Peeters, PHM, Krum-Hansen, S, Gram, IT, Lund, E, Khaw, K-T, Wareham, N, Allen, NE, Key, TJ, Romieu, I, Rinaldi, S, Siddiq, A, Cox, D, Riboli, E, and Kaaks, R
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Associations of hormone-receptor positive breast cancer with excess adiposity are reasonably well characterized; however, uncertainty remains regarding the association of body mass index (BMI) with hormone-receptor negative malignancies, and possible interactions by hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use. METHODS: Within the European EPIC cohort, Cox proportional hazards models were used to describe the relationship of BMI, waist and hip circumferences with risk of estrogen-receptor (ER) negative and progesterone-receptor (PR) negative (n = 1,021) and ER+PR+ (n = 3,586) breast tumors within five-year age bands. Among postmenopausal women, the joint effects of BMI and HRT use were analyzed. RESULTS: For risk of ER-PR- tumors, there was no association of BMI across the age bands. However, when analyses were restricted to postmenopausal HRT never users, a positive risk association with BMI (third versus first tertile HR = 1.47 (1.01 to 2.15)) was observed. BMI was inversely associated with ER+PR+ tumors among women aged ≤49 years (per 5 kg/m2 increase, HR = 0.79 (95%CI 0.68 to 0.91)), and positively associated with risk among women ≥65 years (HR = 1.25 (1.16 to 1.34)). Adjusting for BMI, waist and hip circumferences showed no further associations with risks of breast cancer subtypes. Current use of HRT was significantly associated with an increased risk of receptor-negative (HRT current use compared to HRT never use HR: 1.30 (1.05 to 1.62)) and positive tumors (HR: 1.74 (1.56 to 1.95)), although this risk increase was weaker for ER-PR- disease (Phet = 0.035). The association of HRT was significantly stronger in the leaner women (BMI ≤22.5 kg/m2) than for more overweight women (BMI ≥25.9 kg/m2) for, both, ER-PR- (HR: 1.74 (1.15 to 2.63)) and ER+PR+ (HR: 2.33 (1.84 to 2.92)) breast cancer and was not restricted to any particular HRT regime. CONCLUSIONS: An elevated BMI may be positively associated with risk of ER-PR- tumors among postmenopausal women who nev
Published: 2012

10. Postmenopausal circulating levels of 2- and 16α-hydroxyestrone and risk of endometrial cancer

Author: Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A, Shore, R E, Afanasyeva, Y, Lukanova, A, Sieri, S, Koenig, K L, Idahl, Annika, Krogh, V, Liu, M, Ohlson, Nina, Muti, P, Arslan, A A, Lenner, Per, Berrino, F, Hallmans, Göran, Toniolo, P, Lundin, Eva, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A, Shore, R E, Afanasyeva, Y, Lukanova, A, Sieri, S, Koenig, K L, Idahl, Annika, Krogh, V, Liu, M, Ohlson, Nina, Muti, P, Arslan, A A, Lenner, Per, Berrino, F, Hallmans, Göran, Toniolo, P, and Lundin, Eva
Abstract: Background: It has been suggested that the relative importance of oestrogen-metabolising pathways may affect the risk of oestrogen-dependent tumours including endometrial cancer. One hypothesis is that the 2-hydroxy pathway is protective, whereas the 16α-hydroxy pathway is harmful. Methods: We conducted a case-control study nested within three prospective cohorts to assess whether the circulating 2-hydroxyestrone : 16α-hydroxyestrone (2-OHE1 : 16α-OHE1) ratio is inversely associated with endometrial cancer risk in postmenopausal women. A total of 179 cases and 336 controls, matching cases on cohort, age and date of blood donation, were included. Levels of 2-OHE1 and 16α-OHE1 were measured using a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme assay. Results: Endometrial cancer risk increased with increasing levels of both metabolites, with odds ratios in the top tertiles of 2.4 (95% CI=1.3, 4.6; P(trend)=0.007) for 2-OHE1 and 1.9 (95% CI=1.1, 3.5; P(trend)=0.03) for 16α-OHE1 in analyses adjusting for endometrial cancer risk factors. These associations were attenuated and no longer statistically significant after further adjustment for oestrone or oestradiol levels. No significant association was observed for the 2-OHE1 : 16α-OHE1 ratio. Conclusion: Our results do not support the hypothesis that greater metabolism of oestrogen via the 2-OH pathway, relative to the 16α-OH pathway, protects against endometrial cancer.
Published: 2011
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11. Circulating sex hormones and breast cancer risk factors in postmenopausal women : reanalysis of 13 studies.

Author: Key, T J, Appleby, P N, Reeves, G K, Roddam, A W, Helzlsouer, K J, Alberg, A J, Rollison, D E, Dorgan, J F, Brinton, L A, Overvad, K, Kaaks, R, Trichopoulou, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Panico, S, Duell, E J, Peeters, P H M, Rinaldi, S, Fentiman, I S, Dowsett, M, Manjer, J, Lenner, Per, Hallmans, Göran, Baglietto, L, English, D R, Giles, G G, Hopper, J L, Severi, G, Morris, H A, Hankinson, S E, Tworoger, S S, Koenig, K, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A, Arslan, A A, Toniolo, P, Shore, R E, Krogh, V, Micheli, A, Berrino, F, Barrett-Connor, E, Laughlin, G A, Kabuto, M, Akiba, S, Stevens, R G, Neriishi, K, Land, C E, Cauley, J A, Lui, Li Yung, Cummings, Steven R, Gunter, M J, Rohan, T E, Strickler, H D, Key, T J, Appleby, P N, Reeves, G K, Roddam, A W, Helzlsouer, K J, Alberg, A J, Rollison, D E, Dorgan, J F, Brinton, L A, Overvad, K, Kaaks, R, Trichopoulou, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Panico, S, Duell, E J, Peeters, P H M, Rinaldi, S, Fentiman, I S, Dowsett, M, Manjer, J, Lenner, Per, Hallmans, Göran, Baglietto, L, English, D R, Giles, G G, Hopper, J L, Severi, G, Morris, H A, Hankinson, S E, Tworoger, S S, Koenig, K, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A, Arslan, A A, Toniolo, P, Shore, R E, Krogh, V, Micheli, A, Berrino, F, Barrett-Connor, E, Laughlin, G A, Kabuto, M, Akiba, S, Stevens, R G, Neriishi, K, Land, C E, Cauley, J A, Lui, Li Yung, Cummings, Steven R, Gunter, M J, Rohan, T E, and Strickler, H D
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Breast cancer risk for postmenopausal women is positively associated with circulating concentrations of oestrogens and androgens, but the determinants of these hormones are not well understood. METHODS: Cross-sectional analyses of breast cancer risk factors and circulating hormone concentrations in more than 6000 postmenopausal women controls in 13 prospective studies. RESULTS: Concentrations of all hormones were lower in older than younger women, with the largest difference for dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), whereas sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) was higher in the older women. Androgens were lower in women with bilateral ovariectomy than in naturally postmenopausal women, with the largest difference for free testosterone. All hormones were higher in obese than lean women, with the largest difference for free oestradiol, whereas SHBG was lower in obese women. Smokers of 15+ cigarettes per day had higher levels of all hormones than non-smokers, with the largest difference for testosterone. Drinkers of 20+ g alcohol per day had higher levels of all hormones, but lower SHBG, than non-drinkers, with the largest difference for DHEAS. Hormone concentrations were not strongly related to age at menarche, parity, age at first full-term pregnancy or family history of breast cancer. CONCLUSION: Sex hormone concentrations were strongly associated with several established or suspected risk factors for breast cancer, and may mediate the effects of these factors on breast cancer risk.
Published: 2011
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12. Red meat, dietary nitrosamines, and heme iron and risk of bladder cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Author: Jakszyn, P., Gonzalez, C.A., Lujan-Barroso, L., Ros, M.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Roswall, N., Tjonneland, A.M., Buchner, F.L., Egevad, L., Overvad, K., Raaschou-Nielsen, O., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Touillaud, M.S., Chang-Claude, J., Allen, N.E., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Key, T.J., Kaaks, R., Boeing, H., Weikert, S., Trichopoulou, A., Oikonomou, E., Zylis, D., Palli, D., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Mattiello, A., Peeters, P.H.M., Parr, C.L., Gram, I.T., Skeie, G., Sanchez, M.J., Larrañaga, N., Ardanaz, E., Navarro, C, Rodriguez, L., Ulmert, D., Ehrnstrom, R., Hallmans, G., Ljungberg, B, Roddam, A.W., Bingham, S.A., Khaw, K.T., Slimani, N., Boffetta, P.A., Jenab, M., Mouw, T., Michaud, D.S., Riboli, E., Jakszyn, P., Gonzalez, C.A., Lujan-Barroso, L., Ros, M.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Roswall, N., Tjonneland, A.M., Buchner, F.L., Egevad, L., Overvad, K., Raaschou-Nielsen, O., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Touillaud, M.S., Chang-Claude, J., Allen, N.E., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Key, T.J., Kaaks, R., Boeing, H., Weikert, S., Trichopoulou, A., Oikonomou, E., Zylis, D., Palli, D., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Mattiello, A., Peeters, P.H.M., Parr, C.L., Gram, I.T., Skeie, G., Sanchez, M.J., Larrañaga, N., Ardanaz, E., Navarro, C, Rodriguez, L., Ulmert, D., Ehrnstrom, R., Hallmans, G., Ljungberg, B, Roddam, A.W., Bingham, S.A., Khaw, K.T., Slimani, N., Boffetta, P.A., Jenab, M., Mouw, T., Michaud, D.S., and Riboli, E.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 96267.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), BACKGROUND: Previous epidemiologic studies found inconsistent results for the association between red meat intake, nitrosamines [NDMA: N-nitrosodimethylamine, and ENOC (endogenous nitroso compounds)], and the risk of bladder cancer. We investigated the association between red meat consumption, dietary nitrosamines, and heme iron and the risk of bladder cancer among participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). METHODS: Data on food consumption and complete follow-up for cancer occurrence were available for a total of 481,419 participants, recruited in 10 European countries. Estimates of HRs were obtained by proportional hazard models, stratified by age at recruitment, gender, and study center and adjusted for total energy intake, smoking status, lifetime intensity of smoking, duration of smoking, educational level, and BMI. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up of 8.7 years, 1,001 participants were diagnosed with bladder cancer. We found no overall association between intake of red meat (log2 HR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.99-1.13), nitrosamines (log2 HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.92-1.30 and HR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.92-1.05 for ENOC and NDMA, respectively) or heme iron (log2 HR: 1.05; 95 CI: 0.99-1.12) and bladder cancer risk. The associations did not vary by sex, high- versus low-risk bladder cancers, smoking status, or occupation (high vs. low risk). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings do not support an effect of red meat intake, nitrosamines (endogenous or exogenous), or heme iron intake on bladder cancer risk.
Published: 2011

13. The contribution of risk factors to the higher incidence of invasive and in situ breast cancers in women with higher levels of education in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Author: Menvielle, G. (Gwenn), Kunst, A.E. (Anton), Gils, C.H. (Carla) van, Peeters, P.H.M. (Petra), Boshuizen, H.C. (Hendriek), Overvad, K. (Kim), Olsen, A. (Anja), Tjonneland, A. (Anne), Hermann, S. (Silke), Kaaks, R. (Rudolf), Bergmann, M.M. (Manuela), Illner, A.-K. (Anne-Kathrin), Lagiou, P. (Pagona), Trichopoulos, D. (Dimitrios), Trichopoulou, A. (Antonia), Palli, D. (Domenico), Berrino, F. (Franco), Mattiello, A. (Amelia), Tumino, R. (Rosario), Sacerdote, C. (Carlotta), May, A.M. (Anne), Monninkhof, E. (Evelyn), Braaten, T. (Tonje), Lund, E. (Eiliv), Quirós, J.R., Duell, E.J. (Eric), Sánchez, M.J., Navarro, C. (Carmen), Borgquist, S. (Signe), Manjer, J. (Jonas), Khaw, K-T. (Kay-Tee), Reeves, G.K. (Gillian), Chajes, V. (Véronique), Rinaldi, S. (Sabina), Slimani, N. (Nadia), Gallo, V. (Valentina), Vineis, P. (Paolo), Riboli, E. (Elio), Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B. (Bas), Allen, N.E. (Naomi), Ardanaz, E. (Eva), Menvielle, G. (Gwenn), Kunst, A.E. (Anton), Gils, C.H. (Carla) van, Peeters, P.H.M. (Petra), Boshuizen, H.C. (Hendriek), Overvad, K. (Kim), Olsen, A. (Anja), Tjonneland, A. (Anne), Hermann, S. (Silke), Kaaks, R. (Rudolf), Bergmann, M.M. (Manuela), Illner, A.-K. (Anne-Kathrin), Lagiou, P. (Pagona), Trichopoulos, D. (Dimitrios), Trichopoulou, A. (Antonia), Palli, D. (Domenico), Berrino, F. (Franco), Mattiello, A. (Amelia), Tumino, R. (Rosario), Sacerdote, C. (Carlotta), May, A.M. (Anne), Monninkhof, E. (Evelyn), Braaten, T. (Tonje), Lund, E. (Eiliv), Quirós, J.R., Duell, E.J. (Eric), Sánchez, M.J., Navarro, C. (Carmen), Borgquist, S. (Signe), Manjer, J. (Jonas), Khaw, K-T. (Kay-Tee), Reeves, G.K. (Gillian), Chajes, V. (Véronique), Rinaldi, S. (Sabina), Slimani, N. (Nadia), Gallo, V. (Valentina), Vineis, P. (Paolo), Riboli, E. (Elio), Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B. (Bas), Allen, N.E. (Naomi), and Ardanaz, E. (Eva)
Abstract: The authors investigated the role of known risk factors in educational differences in breast cancer incidence. Analyses were based on the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition and included 242,095 women, 433 cases of in situ breast cancer, and 4,469 cases of invasive breast cancer. Reproductive histo
Published: 2011
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14. Circulating sex hormones and breast cancer risk factors in postmenopausal women: reanalysis of 13 studies

Author: Key, TJ, Appleby, PN, Reeves, GK, Roddam, AW, Helzlsouer, KJ, Alberg, AJ, Rollison, DE, Dorgan, JF, Brinton, LA, Overvad, K, Kaaks, R, Trichopoulou, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Panico, S, Duell, EJ, Peeters, PHM, Rinaldi, S, Riboli, E, Fentiman, IS, Dowsett, M, Manjer, J, Lenner, P, Hallmans, G, Baglietto, L, English, DR, Giles, GG, Hopper, JL, Severi, G, Morris, HA, Koenig, K, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A, Arslan, AA, Toniolo, P, Shore, RE, Krogh, V, Micheli, A, Berrino, F, Muti, P, Barrett-Connor, E, Laughlin, GA, Kabuto, M, Akiba, S, Stevens, RG, Neriishi, K, Land, CE, Cauley, JA, Lui, LY, Cummings, SR, Gunter, MJ, Rohan, TE, Strickler, HD, Key, TJ, Appleby, PN, Reeves, GK, Roddam, AW, Helzlsouer, KJ, Alberg, AJ, Rollison, DE, Dorgan, JF, Brinton, LA, Overvad, K, Kaaks, R, Trichopoulou, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Panico, S, Duell, EJ, Peeters, PHM, Rinaldi, S, Riboli, E, Fentiman, IS, Dowsett, M, Manjer, J, Lenner, P, Hallmans, G, Baglietto, L, English, DR, Giles, GG, Hopper, JL, Severi, G, Morris, HA, Koenig, K, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A, Arslan, AA, Toniolo, P, Shore, RE, Krogh, V, Micheli, A, Berrino, F, Muti, P, Barrett-Connor, E, Laughlin, GA, Kabuto, M, Akiba, S, Stevens, RG, Neriishi, K, Land, CE, Cauley, JA, Lui, LY, Cummings, SR, Gunter, MJ, Rohan, TE, and Strickler, HD
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Breast cancer risk for postmenopausal women is positively associated with circulating concentrations of oestrogens and androgens, but the determinants of these hormones are not well understood. METHODS: Cross-sectional analyses of breast cancer risk factors and circulating hormone concentrations in more than 6000 postmenopausal women controls in 13 prospective studies. RESULTS: Concentrations of all hormones were lower in older than younger women, with the largest difference for dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), whereas sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) was higher in the older women. Androgens were lower in women with bilateral ovariectomy than in naturally postmenopausal women, with the largest difference for free testosterone. All hormones were higher in obese than lean women, with the largest difference for free oestradiol, whereas SHBG was lower in obese women. Smokers of 15+ cigarettes per day had higher levels of all hormones than non-smokers, with the largest difference for testosterone. Drinkers of 20+ g alcohol per day had higher levels of all hormones, but lower SHBG, than non-drinkers, with the largest difference for DHEAS. Hormone concentrations were not strongly related to age at menarche, parity, age at first full-term pregnancy or family history of breast cancer. CONCLUSION: Sex hormone concentrations were strongly associated with several established or suspected risk factors for breast cancer, and may mediate the effects of these factors on breast cancer risk.
Published: 2011

15. Red meat, dietary nitrosamines, and heme iron and risk of bladder cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Author: Jakszyn, P., Gonzalez, C.A., Lujan-Barroso, L., Ros, M.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Roswall, N., Tjonneland, A.M., Buchner, F.L., Egevad, L., Overvad, K., Raaschou-Nielsen, O., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Touillaud, M.S., Chang-Claude, J., Allen, N.E., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Key, T.J., Kaaks, R., Boeing, H., Weikert, S., Trichopoulou, A., Oikonomou, E., Zylis, D., Palli, D., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Mattiello, A., Peeters, P.H.M., Parr, C.L., Gram, I.T., Skeie, G., Sanchez, M.J., Larrañaga, N., Ardanaz, E., Navarro, C, Rodriguez, L., Ulmert, D., Ehrnstrom, R., Hallmans, G., Ljungberg, B, Roddam, A.W., Bingham, S.A., Khaw, K.T., Slimani, N., Boffetta, P.A., Jenab, M., Mouw, T., Michaud, D.S., Riboli, E., Jakszyn, P., Gonzalez, C.A., Lujan-Barroso, L., Ros, M.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Roswall, N., Tjonneland, A.M., Buchner, F.L., Egevad, L., Overvad, K., Raaschou-Nielsen, O., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Touillaud, M.S., Chang-Claude, J., Allen, N.E., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Key, T.J., Kaaks, R., Boeing, H., Weikert, S., Trichopoulou, A., Oikonomou, E., Zylis, D., Palli, D., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Mattiello, A., Peeters, P.H.M., Parr, C.L., Gram, I.T., Skeie, G., Sanchez, M.J., Larrañaga, N., Ardanaz, E., Navarro, C, Rodriguez, L., Ulmert, D., Ehrnstrom, R., Hallmans, G., Ljungberg, B, Roddam, A.W., Bingham, S.A., Khaw, K.T., Slimani, N., Boffetta, P.A., Jenab, M., Mouw, T., Michaud, D.S., and Riboli, E.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 96267.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), BACKGROUND: Previous epidemiologic studies found inconsistent results for the association between red meat intake, nitrosamines [NDMA: N-nitrosodimethylamine, and ENOC (endogenous nitroso compounds)], and the risk of bladder cancer. We investigated the association between red meat consumption, dietary nitrosamines, and heme iron and the risk of bladder cancer among participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). METHODS: Data on food consumption and complete follow-up for cancer occurrence were available for a total of 481,419 participants, recruited in 10 European countries. Estimates of HRs were obtained by proportional hazard models, stratified by age at recruitment, gender, and study center and adjusted for total energy intake, smoking status, lifetime intensity of smoking, duration of smoking, educational level, and BMI. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up of 8.7 years, 1,001 participants were diagnosed with bladder cancer. We found no overall association between intake of red meat (log2 HR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.99-1.13), nitrosamines (log2 HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.92-1.30 and HR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.92-1.05 for ENOC and NDMA, respectively) or heme iron (log2 HR: 1.05; 95 CI: 0.99-1.12) and bladder cancer risk. The associations did not vary by sex, high- versus low-risk bladder cancers, smoking status, or occupation (high vs. low risk). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings do not support an effect of red meat intake, nitrosamines (endogenous or exogenous), or heme iron intake on bladder cancer risk.
Published: 2011

16. Red meat, dietary nitrosamines, and heme iron and risk of bladder cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Author: Jakszyn, P., Gonzalez, C.A., Lujan-Barroso, L., Ros, M.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Roswall, N., Tjonneland, A.M., Buchner, F.L., Egevad, L., Overvad, K., Raaschou-Nielsen, O., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Touillaud, M.S., Chang-Claude, J., Allen, N.E., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Key, T.J., Kaaks, R., Boeing, H., Weikert, S., Trichopoulou, A., Oikonomou, E., Zylis, D., Palli, D., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Mattiello, A., Peeters, P.H.M., Parr, C.L., Gram, I.T., Skeie, G., Sanchez, M.J., Larrañaga, N., Ardanaz, E., Navarro, C, Rodriguez, L., Ulmert, D., Ehrnstrom, R., Hallmans, G., Ljungberg, B, Roddam, A.W., Bingham, S.A., Khaw, K.T., Slimani, N., Boffetta, P.A., Jenab, M., Mouw, T., Michaud, D.S., Riboli, E., Jakszyn, P., Gonzalez, C.A., Lujan-Barroso, L., Ros, M.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Roswall, N., Tjonneland, A.M., Buchner, F.L., Egevad, L., Overvad, K., Raaschou-Nielsen, O., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Touillaud, M.S., Chang-Claude, J., Allen, N.E., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Key, T.J., Kaaks, R., Boeing, H., Weikert, S., Trichopoulou, A., Oikonomou, E., Zylis, D., Palli, D., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Mattiello, A., Peeters, P.H.M., Parr, C.L., Gram, I.T., Skeie, G., Sanchez, M.J., Larrañaga, N., Ardanaz, E., Navarro, C, Rodriguez, L., Ulmert, D., Ehrnstrom, R., Hallmans, G., Ljungberg, B, Roddam, A.W., Bingham, S.A., Khaw, K.T., Slimani, N., Boffetta, P.A., Jenab, M., Mouw, T., Michaud, D.S., and Riboli, E.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 96267.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), BACKGROUND: Previous epidemiologic studies found inconsistent results for the association between red meat intake, nitrosamines [NDMA: N-nitrosodimethylamine, and ENOC (endogenous nitroso compounds)], and the risk of bladder cancer. We investigated the association between red meat consumption, dietary nitrosamines, and heme iron and the risk of bladder cancer among participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). METHODS: Data on food consumption and complete follow-up for cancer occurrence were available for a total of 481,419 participants, recruited in 10 European countries. Estimates of HRs were obtained by proportional hazard models, stratified by age at recruitment, gender, and study center and adjusted for total energy intake, smoking status, lifetime intensity of smoking, duration of smoking, educational level, and BMI. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up of 8.7 years, 1,001 participants were diagnosed with bladder cancer. We found no overall association between intake of red meat (log2 HR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.99-1.13), nitrosamines (log2 HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.92-1.30 and HR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.92-1.05 for ENOC and NDMA, respectively) or heme iron (log2 HR: 1.05; 95 CI: 0.99-1.12) and bladder cancer risk. The associations did not vary by sex, high- versus low-risk bladder cancers, smoking status, or occupation (high vs. low risk). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings do not support an effect of red meat intake, nitrosamines (endogenous or exogenous), or heme iron intake on bladder cancer risk.
Published: 2011

17. Circulating sex hormones and breast cancer risk factors in postmenopausal women: Reanalysis of 13 studies

Author: Key, TJ, Appleby, PN, Reeves, GK, Roddam, AW, Helzlsouer, KJ, Alberg, AJ, Rollison, DE, Dorgan, JF, Brinton, LA, Overvad, K, Kaaks, R, Trichopoulou, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Panico, S, Duell, EJ, Peeters, PHM, Rinaldi, S, Fentiman, IS, Dowsett, M, Manjer, J, Lenner, P, Hallmans, G, Baglietto, L, English, DR, Giles, GG, Hopper, JL, Severi, G, Morris, HA, Hankinson, SE, Tworoger, SS, Koenig, K, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A, Arslan, AA, Toniolo, P, Shore, RE, Krogh, V, Micheli, A, Berrino, F, Barrett-Connor, E, Laughlin, GA, Kabuto, M, Akiba, S, Stevens, RG, Neriishi, K, Land, CE, Cauley, JA, Lui, LY, Cummings, SR, Gunter, MJ, Rohan, TE, Strickler, HD, Key, TJ, Appleby, PN, Reeves, GK, Roddam, AW, Helzlsouer, KJ, Alberg, AJ, Rollison, DE, Dorgan, JF, Brinton, LA, Overvad, K, Kaaks, R, Trichopoulou, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Panico, S, Duell, EJ, Peeters, PHM, Rinaldi, S, Fentiman, IS, Dowsett, M, Manjer, J, Lenner, P, Hallmans, G, Baglietto, L, English, DR, Giles, GG, Hopper, JL, Severi, G, Morris, HA, Hankinson, SE, Tworoger, SS, Koenig, K, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A, Arslan, AA, Toniolo, P, Shore, RE, Krogh, V, Micheli, A, Berrino, F, Barrett-Connor, E, Laughlin, GA, Kabuto, M, Akiba, S, Stevens, RG, Neriishi, K, Land, CE, Cauley, JA, Lui, LY, Cummings, SR, Gunter, MJ, Rohan, TE, and Strickler, HD
Abstract: Background: Breast cancer risk for postmenopausal women is positively associated with circulating concentrations of oestrogens and androgens, but the determinants of these hormones are not well understood. Methods: Cross-sectional analyses of breast cancer risk factors and circulating hormone concentrations in more than 6000 postmenopausal women controls in 13 prospective studies. Results: Concentrations of all hormones were lower in older than younger women, with the largest difference for dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), whereas sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) was higher in the older women. Androgens were lower in women with bilateral ovariectomy than in naturally postmenopausal women, with the largest difference for free testosterone. All hormones were higher in obese than lean women, with the largest difference for free oestradiol, whereas SHBG was lower in obese women. Smokers of 15 cigarettes per day had higher levels of all hormones than non-smokers, with the largest difference for testosterone. Drinkers of 20 g alcohol per day had higher levels of all hormones, but lower SHBG, than non-drinkers, with the largest difference for DHEAS. Hormone concentrations were not strongly related to age at menarche, parity, age at first full-term pregnancy or family history of breast cancer.Conclusion:Sex hormone concentrations were strongly associated with several established or suspected risk factors for breast cancer, and may mediate the effects of these factors on breast cancer risk. © 2011 Cancer Research UK All Rights Reserved.
Published: 2011

18. Circulating sex hormones and breast cancer risk factors in postmenopausal women: Reanalysis of 13 studies

Author: Key, TJ, Appleby, PN, Reeves, GK, Roddam, AW, Helzlsouer, KJ, Alberg, AJ, Rollison, DE, Dorgan, JF, Brinton, LA, Overvad, K, Kaaks, R, Trichopoulou, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Panico, S, Duell, EJ, Peeters, PHM, Rinaldi, S, Fentiman, IS, Dowsett, M, Manjer, J, Lenner, P, Hallmans, G, Baglietto, L, English, DR, Giles, GG, Hopper, JL, Severi, G, Morris, HA, Hankinson, SE, Tworoger, SS, Koenig, K, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A, Arslan, AA, Toniolo, P, Shore, RE, Krogh, V, Micheli, A, Berrino, F, Barrett-Connor, E, Laughlin, GA, Kabuto, M, Akiba, S, Stevens, RG, Neriishi, K, Land, CE, Cauley, JA, Lui, LY, Cummings, SR, Gunter, MJ, Rohan, TE, Strickler, HD, Key, TJ, Appleby, PN, Reeves, GK, Roddam, AW, Helzlsouer, KJ, Alberg, AJ, Rollison, DE, Dorgan, JF, Brinton, LA, Overvad, K, Kaaks, R, Trichopoulou, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Panico, S, Duell, EJ, Peeters, PHM, Rinaldi, S, Fentiman, IS, Dowsett, M, Manjer, J, Lenner, P, Hallmans, G, Baglietto, L, English, DR, Giles, GG, Hopper, JL, Severi, G, Morris, HA, Hankinson, SE, Tworoger, SS, Koenig, K, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A, Arslan, AA, Toniolo, P, Shore, RE, Krogh, V, Micheli, A, Berrino, F, Barrett-Connor, E, Laughlin, GA, Kabuto, M, Akiba, S, Stevens, RG, Neriishi, K, Land, CE, Cauley, JA, Lui, LY, Cummings, SR, Gunter, MJ, Rohan, TE, and Strickler, HD
Abstract: Background: Breast cancer risk for postmenopausal women is positively associated with circulating concentrations of oestrogens and androgens, but the determinants of these hormones are not well understood. Methods: Cross-sectional analyses of breast cancer risk factors and circulating hormone concentrations in more than 6000 postmenopausal women controls in 13 prospective studies. Results: Concentrations of all hormones were lower in older than younger women, with the largest difference for dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), whereas sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) was higher in the older women. Androgens were lower in women with bilateral ovariectomy than in naturally postmenopausal women, with the largest difference for free testosterone. All hormones were higher in obese than lean women, with the largest difference for free oestradiol, whereas SHBG was lower in obese women. Smokers of 15 cigarettes per day had higher levels of all hormones than non-smokers, with the largest difference for testosterone. Drinkers of 20 g alcohol per day had higher levels of all hormones, but lower SHBG, than non-drinkers, with the largest difference for DHEAS. Hormone concentrations were not strongly related to age at menarche, parity, age at first full-term pregnancy or family history of breast cancer.Conclusion:Sex hormone concentrations were strongly associated with several established or suspected risk factors for breast cancer, and may mediate the effects of these factors on breast cancer risk. © 2011 Cancer Research UK All Rights Reserved.
Published: 2011

19. Dietary beta-carotene, vitamin C and E intake and breast cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).

Author: Nagel, G, Linseisen, J, van Gils, C, Peeters, P, Boutron-Ruault, M, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Romieu, I, Tjønneland, A, Olsen, A, Roswall, N, Witt, P, Overvad, K, Rohrmann, S, Kaaks, R, Drogan, D, Boeing, H, Trichopoulou, A, Stratigakou, V, Zylis, D, Engeset, D, Lund, E, Skeie, G, Berrino, F, Grioni, S, Mattiello, A, Masala, G, Tumino, R, Zanetti, R, Ros, M, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H, Ardanaz, E, Sánchez, M, Huerta, J, Amiano, P, Rodríguez, L, Manjer, J, Wirfält, E, Lenner, Per, Hallmans, Göran, Spencer, E, Key, T, Bingham, S, Khaw, K, Rinaldi, S, Slimani, N, Boffetta, P, Gallo, V, Norat, T, Riboli, E, Nagel, G, Linseisen, J, van Gils, C, Peeters, P, Boutron-Ruault, M, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Romieu, I, Tjønneland, A, Olsen, A, Roswall, N, Witt, P, Overvad, K, Rohrmann, S, Kaaks, R, Drogan, D, Boeing, H, Trichopoulou, A, Stratigakou, V, Zylis, D, Engeset, D, Lund, E, Skeie, G, Berrino, F, Grioni, S, Mattiello, A, Masala, G, Tumino, R, Zanetti, R, Ros, M, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H, Ardanaz, E, Sánchez, M, Huerta, J, Amiano, P, Rodríguez, L, Manjer, J, Wirfält, E, Lenner, Per, Hallmans, Göran, Spencer, E, Key, T, Bingham, S, Khaw, K, Rinaldi, S, Slimani, N, Boffetta, P, Gallo, V, Norat, T, and Riboli, E
Abstract: So far, studies on dietary antioxidant intake, including ss-carotene, vitamin C and vitamin E, and breast cancer risk are inconclusive. Thus, we addressed this question in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. During a median follow-up time of 8.8 years, 7,502 primary invasive breast cancer cases were identified. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). All analyses were run stratified by menopausal status at recruitment and, additionally, by smoking status, alcohol intake, use of exogenous hormones and use of dietary supplements. In the multivariate analyses, dietary intake of beta-carotene, vitamin C and E was not associated with breast cancer risk in premenopausal [highest vs. lowest quintile: HR, 1.04 (95% CI, 0.85-1.27), 1.12 (0.92-1.36) and 1.10 (0.84-1.46), respectively] and postmenopausal women [0.93 (0.82-1.04), 0.98 (0.87-1.11) and 0.92 (0.77-1.11), respectively]. However, in postmenopausal women using exogenous hormones, high intake of beta-carotene [highest vs. lowest quintile; HR 0.79 (95% CI, 0.66-0.96), P (trend) 0.06] and vitamin C [0.88 (0.72-1.07), P (trend) 0.05] was associated with reduced breast cancer risk. In addition, dietary beta-carotene was associated with a decreased risk in postmenopausal women with high alcohol intake. Overall, dietary intake of beta-carotene, vitamin C and E was not related to breast cancer risk in neither pre- nor postmenopausal women. However, in subgroups of postmenopausal women, a weak protective effect between ss-carotene and vitamin E from food and breast cancer risk cannot be excluded.
Published: 2010
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20. Oral contraceptives, reproductive history and risk of colorectal cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Author: Tsilidis, K K, Allen, N E, Key, T J, Bakken, K, Lund, E, Berrino, F, Fournier, A, Olsen, A, Tjønneland, A, Overvad, K, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Byrnes, G, Chajes, V, Rinaldi, S, Chang-Claude, J, Kaaks, R, Bergmann, M, Boeing, H, Koumantaki, Y, Stasinopoulou, G, Trichopoulou, A, Palli, D, Tagliabue, G, Panico, S, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B, van Duijnhoven, F J B, van Gils, C H, Peeters, P H M, Rodríguez, L, González, C A, Sánchez, M-J, Chirlaque, M-D, Barricarte, A, Dorronsoro, M, Borgquist, S, Manjer, J, van Guelpen, Bethany, Hallmans, Göran, Rodwell, S A, Khaw, K-T, Norat, T, Romaguera, D, Riboli, E, Tsilidis, K K, Allen, N E, Key, T J, Bakken, K, Lund, E, Berrino, F, Fournier, A, Olsen, A, Tjønneland, A, Overvad, K, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Byrnes, G, Chajes, V, Rinaldi, S, Chang-Claude, J, Kaaks, R, Bergmann, M, Boeing, H, Koumantaki, Y, Stasinopoulou, G, Trichopoulou, A, Palli, D, Tagliabue, G, Panico, S, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B, van Duijnhoven, F J B, van Gils, C H, Peeters, P H M, Rodríguez, L, González, C A, Sánchez, M-J, Chirlaque, M-D, Barricarte, A, Dorronsoro, M, Borgquist, S, Manjer, J, van Guelpen, Bethany, Hallmans, Göran, Rodwell, S A, Khaw, K-T, Norat, T, Romaguera, D, and Riboli, E
Abstract: Background:Oral contraceptive use and reproductive factors may initiate long-term changes to the hormonal milieu and thereby, possibly influence colorectal cancer risk. Methods:We examined the association of hormonal and reproductive factors with risk of colorectal cancer among 337 802 women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, of whom 1878 developed colorectal cancer. Results:After stratification for center and age, and adjustment for body mass index, smoking, diabetes mellitus, physical activity and alcohol consumption, ever use of oral contraceptives was marginally inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk (hazard ratio (HR), 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.83-1.02), although this association was stronger among post-menopausal women (HR, 0.84; 95% CI: 0.74-0.95). Duration of oral contraceptive use and reproductive factors, including age at menarche, age at menopause, type of menopause, ever having an abortion, parity, age at first full-term pregnancy and breastfeeding, were not associated with colorectal cancer risk. Conclusion:Our findings provide limited support for a potential inverse association between oral contraceptives and colorectal cancer risk.
Published: 2010
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21. Dietary beta-carotene, vitamin C and E intake and breast cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).

Author: Nagel, G., Linseisen, J., Gils, C.H. van, Peeters, P.H.M., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Romieu, I., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Roswall, N., Witt, P.M., Overvad, K., Rohrmann, S., Kaaks, R., Drogan, D., Boeing, H., Trichopoulou, A., Stratigakou, V., Zylis, D., Engeset, D., Lund, E., Skeie, G., Berrino, F., Grioni, S., Mattiello, A., Masala, G., Tumino, R., Zanetti, R., Ros, M.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Ardanaz, E., Sanchez, M.J., Huerta, J.M., Amiano, P., Rodriguez, L., Manjer, J., Wirfalt, E., Lenner, P., Hallmans, G., Spencer, E.A., Key, T.J., Bingham, S., Khaw, K.T., Rinaldi, S., Slimani, N., Boffetta, P., Gallo, V., Norat, T., Riboli, E., Nagel, G., Linseisen, J., Gils, C.H. van, Peeters, P.H.M., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Romieu, I., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Roswall, N., Witt, P.M., Overvad, K., Rohrmann, S., Kaaks, R., Drogan, D., Boeing, H., Trichopoulou, A., Stratigakou, V., Zylis, D., Engeset, D., Lund, E., Skeie, G., Berrino, F., Grioni, S., Mattiello, A., Masala, G., Tumino, R., Zanetti, R., Ros, M.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Ardanaz, E., Sanchez, M.J., Huerta, J.M., Amiano, P., Rodriguez, L., Manjer, J., Wirfalt, E., Lenner, P., Hallmans, G., Spencer, E.A., Key, T.J., Bingham, S., Khaw, K.T., Rinaldi, S., Slimani, N., Boffetta, P., Gallo, V., Norat, T., and Riboli, E.
Abstract: 1 februari 2010, Contains fulltext : 88873.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), So far, studies on dietary antioxidant intake, including beta-carotene, vitamin C and vitamin E, and breast cancer risk are inconclusive. Thus, we addressed this question in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. During a median follow-up time of 8.8 years, 7,502 primary invasive breast cancer cases were identified. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). All analyses were run stratified by menopausal status at recruitment and, additionally, by smoking status, alcohol intake, use of exogenous hormones and use of dietary supplements. In the multivariate analyses, dietary intake of beta-carotene, vitamin C and E was not associated with breast cancer risk in premenopausal [highest vs. lowest quintile: HR, 1.04 (95% CI, 0.85-1.27), 1.12 (0.92-1.36) and 1.11 (0.84-1.46), respectively] and postmenopausal women [0.93 (0.82-1.04), 0.98 (0.87-1.11) and 0.92 (0.77-1.11), respectively]. However, in postmenopausal women using exogenous hormones, high intake of beta-carotene [highest vs. lowest quintile; HR 0.79 (95% CI, 0.66-0.96), P (trend) 0.06] and vitamin C [0.88 (0.72-1.07), P (trend) 0.05] was associated with reduced breast cancer risk. In addition, dietary beta-carotene was associated with a decreased risk in postmenopausal women with high alcohol intake. Overall, dietary intake of beta-carotene, vitamin C and E was not related to breast cancer risk in neither pre- nor postmenopausal women. However, in subgroups of postmenopausal women, a weak protective effect between beta-carotene and vitamin E from food and breast cancer risk cannot be excluded.
Published: 2010

22. Vitamins B2 and B6 and genetic polymorphisms related to one-carbon metabolism as risk factors for gastric adenocarcinoma in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition.

Author: Eussen, S.J., Vollset, S.E., Hustad, S., Midttun, O., Meyer, K., Fredriksen, A., Ueland, P.M., Jenab, M., Slimani, N., Ferrari, P., Agudo, A., Sala, N., Capella, G., Giudice, G. Del, Palli, D., Boeing, H., Weikert, C., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Buchner, F.L., Carneiro, F., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Berglund, G., Manjer, J., Stenling, R., Hallmans, G., Martinez, C., Arrizola, L., Barricarte, A., Navarro, C, Rodriguez, L., Bingham, S., Linseisen, J., Kaaks, R., Overvad, K., Tjonneland, A., Peeters, P.H.M., Numans, M.E., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Morois, S., Trichopoulou, A., Lund, E., Plebani, M., Riboli, E., Gonzalez, C.A., Eussen, S.J., Vollset, S.E., Hustad, S., Midttun, O., Meyer, K., Fredriksen, A., Ueland, P.M., Jenab, M., Slimani, N., Ferrari, P., Agudo, A., Sala, N., Capella, G., Giudice, G. Del, Palli, D., Boeing, H., Weikert, C., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Buchner, F.L., Carneiro, F., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Berglund, G., Manjer, J., Stenling, R., Hallmans, G., Martinez, C., Arrizola, L., Barricarte, A., Navarro, C, Rodriguez, L., Bingham, S., Linseisen, J., Kaaks, R., Overvad, K., Tjonneland, A., Peeters, P.H.M., Numans, M.E., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Morois, S., Trichopoulou, A., Lund, E., Plebani, M., Riboli, E., and Gonzalez, C.A.
Abstract: 1 januari 2010, Contains fulltext : 87498.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), B vitamins and polymorphisms in genes coding for enzymes involved in one-carbon metabolism may affect DNA synthesis and methylation and thereby be implicated in carcinogenesis. Previous data on vitamins B2 and B6 and genetic polymorphisms other than those involving MTHFR as risk factors for gastric cancer (GC) are sparse and inconsistent. In this case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, cases (n = 235) and controls (n = 601) were matched for study center, age, sex, and time of blood sampling. B2 and B6 species were measured in plasma, and the sum of riboflavin and flavin mononucleotide was used as the main exposure variable for vitamin B2 status, whereas the sum of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, pyridoxal, and 4-pyridoxic acid was used to define vitamin B6 status. In addition, we determined eight polymorphisms related to one-carbon metabolism. Relative risks for GC risk were calculated with conditional logistic regression, adjusted for Helicobacter pylori infection status and smoking status. Adjusted relative risks per quartile (95% confidence interval, P(trend)) were 0.85 (0.72-1.01, 0.06) for vitamin B2 and 0.78 (0.65-0.93, <0.01) for vitamin B6. Both relations were stronger in individuals with severe chronic atrophic gastritis. The polymorphisms were not associated with GC risk and did not modify the observed vitamin-cancer associations. In summary, results from this large European cohort study showed an inverse association between vitamin B2 and GC risk, which is borderline significant, and a significant inverse association between vitamin B6 and GC risk.
Published: 2010

23. Association between pre-diagnostic circulating vitamin D concentration and risk of colorectal cancer in European populations:a nested case-control study.

Author: Jenab, M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Ferrari, P., Duijnhoven, F.J.B. van, Norat, T., Pischon, T., Jansen, E.H., Slimani, N., Byrnes, G., Rinaldi, S., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Overvad, K., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Morois, S., Kaaks, R., Linseisen, J., Boeing, H., Bergmann, M.M., Trichopoulou, A., Misirli, G., Trichopoulos, D., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Panico, S., Palli, D., Tumino, R., Ros, M.M., Gils, C.H. van, Peeters, P.H.M., Brustad, M., Lund, E., Tormo, M.J., Ardanaz, E., Rodriguez, L., Sanchez, M.J., Dorronsoro, M., Gonzalez, C.A., Hallmans, G., Palmqvist, R., Roddam, A., Key, T.J., Khaw, K.T., Autier, P., Hainaut, P., Riboli, E., Jenab, M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Ferrari, P., Duijnhoven, F.J.B. van, Norat, T., Pischon, T., Jansen, E.H., Slimani, N., Byrnes, G., Rinaldi, S., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Overvad, K., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Morois, S., Kaaks, R., Linseisen, J., Boeing, H., Bergmann, M.M., Trichopoulou, A., Misirli, G., Trichopoulos, D., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Panico, S., Palli, D., Tumino, R., Ros, M.M., Gils, C.H. van, Peeters, P.H.M., Brustad, M., Lund, E., Tormo, M.J., Ardanaz, E., Rodriguez, L., Sanchez, M.J., Dorronsoro, M., Gonzalez, C.A., Hallmans, G., Palmqvist, R., Roddam, A., Key, T.J., Khaw, K.T., Autier, P., Hainaut, P., and Riboli, E.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 88351.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access), OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between pre-diagnostic circulating vitamin D concentration, dietary intake of vitamin D and calcium, and the risk of colorectal cancer in European populations. DESIGN: Nested case-control study. Setting The study was conducted within the EPIC study, a cohort of more than 520 000 participants from 10 western European countries. PARTICIPANTS: 1248 cases of incident colorectal cancer, which developed after enrolment into the cohort, were matched to 1248 controls MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Circulating vitamin D concentration (25-hydroxy-vitamin-D, 25-(OH)D) was measured by enzyme immunoassay. Dietary and lifestyle data were obtained from questionnaires. Incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the risk of colorectal cancer by 25-(OH)D concentration and levels of dietary calcium and vitamin D intake were estimated from multivariate conditional logistic regression models, with adjustment for potential dietary and other confounders. RESULTS: 25-(OH)D concentration showed a strong inverse linear dose-response association with risk of colorectal cancer (P for trend <0.001). Compared with a pre-defined mid-level concentration of 25-(OH)D (50.0-75.0 nmol/l), lower levels were associated with higher colorectal cancer risk (<25.0 nmol/l: incidence rate ratio 1.32 (95% confidence interval 0.87 to 2.01); 25.0-49.9 nmol/l: 1.28 (1.05 to 1.56), and higher concentrations associated with lower risk (75.0-99.9 nmol/l: 0.88 (0.68 to 1.13); >or=100.0 nmol/l: 0.77 (0.56 to 1.06)). In analyses by quintile of 25-(OH)D concentration, patients in the highest quintile had a 40% lower risk of colorectal cancer than did those in the lowest quintile (P<0.001). Subgroup analyses showed a strong association for colon but not rectal cancer (P for heterogeneity=0.048). Greater dietary intake of calcium was associated with a lower colorectal cancer risk. Dietary vitamin D was not associated with disease risk. Findings did not vary by sex and were not alt
Published: 2010

24. Dietary beta-carotene, vitamin C and E intake and breast cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).

Author: Nagel, G., Linseisen, J., Gils, C.H. van, Peeters, P.H.M., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Romieu, I., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Roswall, N., Witt, P.M., Overvad, K., Rohrmann, S., Kaaks, R., Drogan, D., Boeing, H., Trichopoulou, A., Stratigakou, V., Zylis, D., Engeset, D., Lund, E., Skeie, G., Berrino, F., Grioni, S., Mattiello, A., Masala, G., Tumino, R., Zanetti, R., Ros, M.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Ardanaz, E., Sanchez, M.J., Huerta, J.M., Amiano, P., Rodriguez, L., Manjer, J., Wirfalt, E., Lenner, P., Hallmans, G., Spencer, E.A., Key, T.J., Bingham, S., Khaw, K.T., Rinaldi, S., Slimani, N., Boffetta, P., Gallo, V., Norat, T., Riboli, E., Nagel, G., Linseisen, J., Gils, C.H. van, Peeters, P.H.M., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Romieu, I., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Roswall, N., Witt, P.M., Overvad, K., Rohrmann, S., Kaaks, R., Drogan, D., Boeing, H., Trichopoulou, A., Stratigakou, V., Zylis, D., Engeset, D., Lund, E., Skeie, G., Berrino, F., Grioni, S., Mattiello, A., Masala, G., Tumino, R., Zanetti, R., Ros, M.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Ardanaz, E., Sanchez, M.J., Huerta, J.M., Amiano, P., Rodriguez, L., Manjer, J., Wirfalt, E., Lenner, P., Hallmans, G., Spencer, E.A., Key, T.J., Bingham, S., Khaw, K.T., Rinaldi, S., Slimani, N., Boffetta, P., Gallo, V., Norat, T., and Riboli, E.
Abstract: 01 februari 2010, Contains fulltext : 88873.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), So far, studies on dietary antioxidant intake, including beta-carotene, vitamin C and vitamin E, and breast cancer risk are inconclusive. Thus, we addressed this question in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. During a median follow-up time of 8.8 years, 7,502 primary invasive breast cancer cases were identified. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). All analyses were run stratified by menopausal status at recruitment and, additionally, by smoking status, alcohol intake, use of exogenous hormones and use of dietary supplements. In the multivariate analyses, dietary intake of beta-carotene, vitamin C and E was not associated with breast cancer risk in premenopausal [highest vs. lowest quintile: HR, 1.04 (95% CI, 0.85-1.27), 1.12 (0.92-1.36) and 1.11 (0.84-1.46), respectively] and postmenopausal women [0.93 (0.82-1.04), 0.98 (0.87-1.11) and 0.92 (0.77-1.11), respectively]. However, in postmenopausal women using exogenous hormones, high intake of beta-carotene [highest vs. lowest quintile; HR 0.79 (95% CI, 0.66-0.96), P (trend) 0.06] and vitamin C [0.88 (0.72-1.07), P (trend) 0.05] was associated with reduced breast cancer risk. In addition, dietary beta-carotene was associated with a decreased risk in postmenopausal women with high alcohol intake. Overall, dietary intake of beta-carotene, vitamin C and E was not related to breast cancer risk in neither pre- nor postmenopausal women. However, in subgroups of postmenopausal women, a weak protective effect between beta-carotene and vitamin E from food and breast cancer risk cannot be excluded.
Published: 2010

25. Vitamins B2 and B6 and genetic polymorphisms related to one-carbon metabolism as risk factors for gastric adenocarcinoma in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition.

Author: Eussen, S.J., Vollset, S.E., Hustad, S., Midttun, O., Meyer, K., Fredriksen, A., Ueland, P.M., Jenab, M., Slimani, N., Ferrari, P., Agudo, A., Sala, N., Capella, G., Giudice, G. Del, Palli, D., Boeing, H., Weikert, C., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Buchner, F.L., Carneiro, F., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Berglund, G., Manjer, J., Stenling, R., Hallmans, G., Martinez, C., Arrizola, L., Barricarte, A., Navarro, C, Rodriguez, L., Bingham, S., Linseisen, J., Kaaks, R., Overvad, K., Tjonneland, A., Peeters, P.H.M., Numans, M.E., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Morois, S., Trichopoulou, A., Lund, E., Plebani, M., Riboli, E., Gonzalez, C.A., Eussen, S.J., Vollset, S.E., Hustad, S., Midttun, O., Meyer, K., Fredriksen, A., Ueland, P.M., Jenab, M., Slimani, N., Ferrari, P., Agudo, A., Sala, N., Capella, G., Giudice, G. Del, Palli, D., Boeing, H., Weikert, C., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Buchner, F.L., Carneiro, F., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Berglund, G., Manjer, J., Stenling, R., Hallmans, G., Martinez, C., Arrizola, L., Barricarte, A., Navarro, C, Rodriguez, L., Bingham, S., Linseisen, J., Kaaks, R., Overvad, K., Tjonneland, A., Peeters, P.H.M., Numans, M.E., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Morois, S., Trichopoulou, A., Lund, E., Plebani, M., Riboli, E., and Gonzalez, C.A.
Abstract: 01 januari 2010, Contains fulltext : 87498.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), B vitamins and polymorphisms in genes coding for enzymes involved in one-carbon metabolism may affect DNA synthesis and methylation and thereby be implicated in carcinogenesis. Previous data on vitamins B2 and B6 and genetic polymorphisms other than those involving MTHFR as risk factors for gastric cancer (GC) are sparse and inconsistent. In this case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, cases (n = 235) and controls (n = 601) were matched for study center, age, sex, and time of blood sampling. B2 and B6 species were measured in plasma, and the sum of riboflavin and flavin mononucleotide was used as the main exposure variable for vitamin B2 status, whereas the sum of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, pyridoxal, and 4-pyridoxic acid was used to define vitamin B6 status. In addition, we determined eight polymorphisms related to one-carbon metabolism. Relative risks for GC risk were calculated with conditional logistic regression, adjusted for Helicobacter pylori infection status and smoking status. Adjusted relative risks per quartile (95% confidence interval, P(trend)) were 0.85 (0.72-1.01, 0.06) for vitamin B2 and 0.78 (0.65-0.93, <0.01) for vitamin B6. Both relations were stronger in individuals with severe chronic atrophic gastritis. The polymorphisms were not associated with GC risk and did not modify the observed vitamin-cancer associations. In summary, results from this large European cohort study showed an inverse association between vitamin B2 and GC risk, which is borderline significant, and a significant inverse association between vitamin B6 and GC risk.
Published: 2010

26. Association between pre-diagnostic circulating vitamin D concentration and risk of colorectal cancer in European populations:a nested case-control study.

Author: Jenab, M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Ferrari, P., Duijnhoven, F.J.B. van, Norat, T., Pischon, T., Jansen, E.H., Slimani, N., Byrnes, G., Rinaldi, S., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Overvad, K., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Morois, S., Kaaks, R., Linseisen, J., Boeing, H., Bergmann, M.M., Trichopoulou, A., Misirli, G., Trichopoulos, D., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Panico, S., Palli, D., Tumino, R., Ros, M.M., Gils, C.H. van, Peeters, P.H.M., Brustad, M., Lund, E., Tormo, M.J., Ardanaz, E., Rodriguez, L., Sanchez, M.J., Dorronsoro, M., Gonzalez, C.A., Hallmans, G., Palmqvist, R., Roddam, A., Key, T.J., Khaw, K.T., Autier, P., Hainaut, P., Riboli, E., Jenab, M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Ferrari, P., Duijnhoven, F.J.B. van, Norat, T., Pischon, T., Jansen, E.H., Slimani, N., Byrnes, G., Rinaldi, S., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Overvad, K., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Morois, S., Kaaks, R., Linseisen, J., Boeing, H., Bergmann, M.M., Trichopoulou, A., Misirli, G., Trichopoulos, D., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Panico, S., Palli, D., Tumino, R., Ros, M.M., Gils, C.H. van, Peeters, P.H.M., Brustad, M., Lund, E., Tormo, M.J., Ardanaz, E., Rodriguez, L., Sanchez, M.J., Dorronsoro, M., Gonzalez, C.A., Hallmans, G., Palmqvist, R., Roddam, A., Key, T.J., Khaw, K.T., Autier, P., Hainaut, P., and Riboli, E.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 88351.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access), OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between pre-diagnostic circulating vitamin D concentration, dietary intake of vitamin D and calcium, and the risk of colorectal cancer in European populations. DESIGN: Nested case-control study. Setting The study was conducted within the EPIC study, a cohort of more than 520 000 participants from 10 western European countries. PARTICIPANTS: 1248 cases of incident colorectal cancer, which developed after enrolment into the cohort, were matched to 1248 controls MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Circulating vitamin D concentration (25-hydroxy-vitamin-D, 25-(OH)D) was measured by enzyme immunoassay. Dietary and lifestyle data were obtained from questionnaires. Incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the risk of colorectal cancer by 25-(OH)D concentration and levels of dietary calcium and vitamin D intake were estimated from multivariate conditional logistic regression models, with adjustment for potential dietary and other confounders. RESULTS: 25-(OH)D concentration showed a strong inverse linear dose-response association with risk of colorectal cancer (P for trend <0.001). Compared with a pre-defined mid-level concentration of 25-(OH)D (50.0-75.0 nmol/l), lower levels were associated with higher colorectal cancer risk (<25.0 nmol/l: incidence rate ratio 1.32 (95% confidence interval 0.87 to 2.01); 25.0-49.9 nmol/l: 1.28 (1.05 to 1.56), and higher concentrations associated with lower risk (75.0-99.9 nmol/l: 0.88 (0.68 to 1.13); >or=100.0 nmol/l: 0.77 (0.56 to 1.06)). In analyses by quintile of 25-(OH)D concentration, patients in the highest quintile had a 40% lower risk of colorectal cancer than did those in the lowest quintile (P<0.001). Subgroup analyses showed a strong association for colon but not rectal cancer (P for heterogeneity=0.048). Greater dietary intake of calcium was associated with a lower colorectal cancer risk. Dietary vitamin D was not associated with disease risk. Findings did not vary by sex and were not alt
Published: 2010

27. Dietary beta-carotene, vitamin C and E intake and breast cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).

Author: Nagel, G., Linseisen, J., Gils, C.H. van, Peeters, P.H.M., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Romieu, I., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Roswall, N., Witt, P.M., Overvad, K., Rohrmann, S., Kaaks, R., Drogan, D., Boeing, H., Trichopoulou, A., Stratigakou, V., Zylis, D., Engeset, D., Lund, E., Skeie, G., Berrino, F., Grioni, S., Mattiello, A., Masala, G., Tumino, R., Zanetti, R., Ros, M.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Ardanaz, E., Sanchez, M.J., Huerta, J.M., Amiano, P., Rodriguez, L., Manjer, J., Wirfalt, E., Lenner, P., Hallmans, G., Spencer, E.A., Key, T.J., Bingham, S., Khaw, K.T., Rinaldi, S., Slimani, N., Boffetta, P., Gallo, V., Norat, T., Riboli, E., Nagel, G., Linseisen, J., Gils, C.H. van, Peeters, P.H.M., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Romieu, I., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Roswall, N., Witt, P.M., Overvad, K., Rohrmann, S., Kaaks, R., Drogan, D., Boeing, H., Trichopoulou, A., Stratigakou, V., Zylis, D., Engeset, D., Lund, E., Skeie, G., Berrino, F., Grioni, S., Mattiello, A., Masala, G., Tumino, R., Zanetti, R., Ros, M.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Ardanaz, E., Sanchez, M.J., Huerta, J.M., Amiano, P., Rodriguez, L., Manjer, J., Wirfalt, E., Lenner, P., Hallmans, G., Spencer, E.A., Key, T.J., Bingham, S., Khaw, K.T., Rinaldi, S., Slimani, N., Boffetta, P., Gallo, V., Norat, T., and Riboli, E.
Abstract: 01 februari 2010, Contains fulltext : 88873.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), So far, studies on dietary antioxidant intake, including beta-carotene, vitamin C and vitamin E, and breast cancer risk are inconclusive. Thus, we addressed this question in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. During a median follow-up time of 8.8 years, 7,502 primary invasive breast cancer cases were identified. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). All analyses were run stratified by menopausal status at recruitment and, additionally, by smoking status, alcohol intake, use of exogenous hormones and use of dietary supplements. In the multivariate analyses, dietary intake of beta-carotene, vitamin C and E was not associated with breast cancer risk in premenopausal [highest vs. lowest quintile: HR, 1.04 (95% CI, 0.85-1.27), 1.12 (0.92-1.36) and 1.11 (0.84-1.46), respectively] and postmenopausal women [0.93 (0.82-1.04), 0.98 (0.87-1.11) and 0.92 (0.77-1.11), respectively]. However, in postmenopausal women using exogenous hormones, high intake of beta-carotene [highest vs. lowest quintile; HR 0.79 (95% CI, 0.66-0.96), P (trend) 0.06] and vitamin C [0.88 (0.72-1.07), P (trend) 0.05] was associated with reduced breast cancer risk. In addition, dietary beta-carotene was associated with a decreased risk in postmenopausal women with high alcohol intake. Overall, dietary intake of beta-carotene, vitamin C and E was not related to breast cancer risk in neither pre- nor postmenopausal women. However, in subgroups of postmenopausal women, a weak protective effect between beta-carotene and vitamin E from food and breast cancer risk cannot be excluded.
Published: 2010

28. Vitamins B2 and B6 and genetic polymorphisms related to one-carbon metabolism as risk factors for gastric adenocarcinoma in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition.

Author: Eussen, S.J., Vollset, S.E., Hustad, S., Midttun, O., Meyer, K., Fredriksen, A., Ueland, P.M., Jenab, M., Slimani, N., Ferrari, P., Agudo, A., Sala, N., Capella, G., Giudice, G. Del, Palli, D., Boeing, H., Weikert, C., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Buchner, F.L., Carneiro, F., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Berglund, G., Manjer, J., Stenling, R., Hallmans, G., Martinez, C., Arrizola, L., Barricarte, A., Navarro, C, Rodriguez, L., Bingham, S., Linseisen, J., Kaaks, R., Overvad, K., Tjonneland, A., Peeters, P.H.M., Numans, M.E., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Morois, S., Trichopoulou, A., Lund, E., Plebani, M., Riboli, E., Gonzalez, C.A., Eussen, S.J., Vollset, S.E., Hustad, S., Midttun, O., Meyer, K., Fredriksen, A., Ueland, P.M., Jenab, M., Slimani, N., Ferrari, P., Agudo, A., Sala, N., Capella, G., Giudice, G. Del, Palli, D., Boeing, H., Weikert, C., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Buchner, F.L., Carneiro, F., Berrino, F., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Berglund, G., Manjer, J., Stenling, R., Hallmans, G., Martinez, C., Arrizola, L., Barricarte, A., Navarro, C, Rodriguez, L., Bingham, S., Linseisen, J., Kaaks, R., Overvad, K., Tjonneland, A., Peeters, P.H.M., Numans, M.E., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Morois, S., Trichopoulou, A., Lund, E., Plebani, M., Riboli, E., and Gonzalez, C.A.
Abstract: 01 januari 2010, Contains fulltext : 87498.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), B vitamins and polymorphisms in genes coding for enzymes involved in one-carbon metabolism may affect DNA synthesis and methylation and thereby be implicated in carcinogenesis. Previous data on vitamins B2 and B6 and genetic polymorphisms other than those involving MTHFR as risk factors for gastric cancer (GC) are sparse and inconsistent. In this case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, cases (n = 235) and controls (n = 601) were matched for study center, age, sex, and time of blood sampling. B2 and B6 species were measured in plasma, and the sum of riboflavin and flavin mononucleotide was used as the main exposure variable for vitamin B2 status, whereas the sum of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, pyridoxal, and 4-pyridoxic acid was used to define vitamin B6 status. In addition, we determined eight polymorphisms related to one-carbon metabolism. Relative risks for GC risk were calculated with conditional logistic regression, adjusted for Helicobacter pylori infection status and smoking status. Adjusted relative risks per quartile (95% confidence interval, P(trend)) were 0.85 (0.72-1.01, 0.06) for vitamin B2 and 0.78 (0.65-0.93, <0.01) for vitamin B6. Both relations were stronger in individuals with severe chronic atrophic gastritis. The polymorphisms were not associated with GC risk and did not modify the observed vitamin-cancer associations. In summary, results from this large European cohort study showed an inverse association between vitamin B2 and GC risk, which is borderline significant, and a significant inverse association between vitamin B6 and GC risk.
Published: 2010

29. Plasma phyto-oestrogens and prostate cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Author: Travis, R C, Spencer, E A, Allen, N E, Appleby, P N, Roddam, A W, Overvad, K, Johnsen, N F, Olsen, A, Kaaks, R, Linseisen, J, Boeing, H, Nöthlings, U, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B, Ros, M M, Sacerdote, C, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Berrino, F, Trichopoulou, A, Dilis, V, Trichopoulos, D, Chirlaque, M-D, Ardanaz, E, Larranaga, N, Gonzalez, C, Suárez, L R, Sánchez, M-J, Bingham, S, Khaw, K-T, Hallmans, G, Stattin, P, Rinaldi, S, Slimani, N, Jenab, M, Riboli, E, Key, T J, Travis, R C, Spencer, E A, Allen, N E, Appleby, P N, Roddam, A W, Overvad, K, Johnsen, N F, Olsen, A, Kaaks, R, Linseisen, J, Boeing, H, Nöthlings, U, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B, Ros, M M, Sacerdote, C, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Berrino, F, Trichopoulou, A, Dilis, V, Trichopoulos, D, Chirlaque, M-D, Ardanaz, E, Larranaga, N, Gonzalez, C, Suárez, L R, Sánchez, M-J, Bingham, S, Khaw, K-T, Hallmans, G, Stattin, P, Rinaldi, S, Slimani, N, Jenab, M, Riboli, E, and Key, T J
Abstract: We examined plasma concentrations of phyto-oestrogens in relation to risk for subsequent prostate cancer in a case-control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Concentrations of isoflavones genistein, daidzein and equol, and that of lignans enterolactone and enterodiol, were measured in plasma samples for 950 prostate cancer cases and 1042 matched control participants. Relative risks (RRs) for prostate cancer in relation to plasma concentrations of these phyto-oestrogens were estimated by conditional logistic regression. Higher plasma concentrations of genistein were associated with lower risk of prostate cancer: RR among men in the highest vs the lowest fifth, 0.71 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53-0.96, P trend=0.03). After adjustment for potential confounders this RR was 0.74 (95% CI 0.54-1.00, P trend=0.05). No statistically significant associations were observed for circulating concentrations of daidzein, equol, enterolactone or enterodiol in relation to overall risk for prostate cancer. There was no evidence of heterogeneity in these results by age at blood collection or country of recruitment, nor by cancer stage or grade. These results suggest that higher concentrations of circulating genistein may reduce the risk of prostate cancer but do not support an association with plasma lignans.
Published: 2009
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30. Endogenous sex hormones and endometrial cancer risk in women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Author: Allen, NE, Key, TJ, Dossus, L, Rinaldi, S, Cust, A, Lukanova, A, Peeters, PH, Onland-Moret, NC, Lahmann, PH, Berrino, F, Panico, S, Larranaga, N, Pera, G, Tormo, M-J, Sanchez, M-J, Quiros, JR, Ardanaz, E, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Chang-Claude, J, Linseisen, J, Schulz, M, Boeing, H, Lundin, E, Palli, D, Overvad, K, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Bingham, S, Khaw, K-T, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Naska, A, Tumino, R, Riboli, E, Kaaks, R, Allen, NE, Key, TJ, Dossus, L, Rinaldi, S, Cust, A, Lukanova, A, Peeters, PH, Onland-Moret, NC, Lahmann, PH, Berrino, F, Panico, S, Larranaga, N, Pera, G, Tormo, M-J, Sanchez, M-J, Quiros, JR, Ardanaz, E, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Chang-Claude, J, Linseisen, J, Schulz, M, Boeing, H, Lundin, E, Palli, D, Overvad, K, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Bingham, S, Khaw, K-T, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Naska, A, Tumino, R, Riboli, E, and Kaaks, R
Abstract: Epidemiological data show that reproductive and hormonal factors are involved in the etiology of endometrial cancer, but there is little data on the association with endogenous sex hormone levels. We analyzed the association between prediagnostic serum concentrations of sex steroids and endometrial cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition using a nested case-control design of 247 incident endometrial cancer cases and 481 controls, matched on center, menopausal status, age, variables relating to blood collection, and, for premenopausal women, phase of menstrual cycle. Using conditional regression analysis, endometrial cancer risk among postmenopausal women was positively associated with increasing levels of total testosterone, free testosterone, estrone, total estradiol, and free estradiol. The odds ratios (ORs) for the highest versus lowest tertile were 2.66 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.50-4.72; P=0.002 for a continuous linear trend) for estrone, 2.07 (95% CI 1.20-3.60; P=0.001) for estradiol, and 1.66 (95% CI 0.98-2.82; P=0.001) for free estradiol. For total and free testosterone, ORs for the highest versus lowest tertile were 1.44 (95% CI 0.88-2.36; P=0.05) and 2.05 (95% CI 1.23-3.42; P=0.005) respectively. Androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate were not associated with risk. Sex hormone-binding globulin was significantly inversely associated with risk (OR for the highest versus lowest tertile was 0.57, 95% CI 0.34-0.95; P=0.004). In premenopausal women, serum sex hormone concentrations were not clearly associated with endometrial cancer risk, but numbers were too small to draw firm conclusions. In conclusion, relatively high blood concentrations of estrogens and free testosterone are associated with an increased endometrial cancer risk in postmenopausal women.
Published: 2008

31. Cereal fiber intake may reduce risk of gastric adenocarcinomas: the EPIC-EURGAST study.

Author: Mendez, M A, Pera, G, Agudo, A, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Palli, D, Boeing, H, Carneiro, F, Berrino, F, Sacerdote, C, Tumino, R, Panico, S, Berglund, G, Manjer, J, Johansson, Ingegerd, Stenling, R, Martinez, C, Dorronsoro, M, Barricarte, A, Tormo, MJ, Quiros, JR, Allen, N, Key, TJ, Bingham, S, Linseisen, J, Kaaks, R, Overvad, K, Jensen, M, Olsen, A, Tjonneland, A, Peeters, PH, Numans, ME, Ocké, MC, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Boutron-Ruault, MC, Trichopoulou, A, Lund, E, Slimani, N, Jenab, M, Ferrari, P, Riboli, E, González, CA, Mendez, M A, Pera, G, Agudo, A, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Palli, D, Boeing, H, Carneiro, F, Berrino, F, Sacerdote, C, Tumino, R, Panico, S, Berglund, G, Manjer, J, Johansson, Ingegerd, Stenling, R, Martinez, C, Dorronsoro, M, Barricarte, A, Tormo, MJ, Quiros, JR, Allen, N, Key, TJ, Bingham, S, Linseisen, J, Kaaks, R, Overvad, K, Jensen, M, Olsen, A, Tjonneland, A, Peeters, PH, Numans, ME, Ocké, MC, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Boutron-Ruault, MC, Trichopoulou, A, Lund, E, Slimani, N, Jenab, M, Ferrari, P, Riboli, E, and González, CA
Abstract: Numerous case-control studies suggest dietary fiber may reduce risk of gastric cancer, but this has not been confirmed prospectively. A previous case-control study reported reduced risk of gastric cardia adenocarcinomas associated with cereal fiber, but not with fruit or vegetable fiber. To date, different food sources of fiber have not been examined with respect to noncardia tumors or diverse histologic sub-types. This study prospectively examines associations between fiber from different food sources and incident gastric adenocarcinomas (GC) among more than 435,000 subjects from 10 countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Subjects aged 25-70 years completed dietary questionnaires in 1992-98, and were followed up for a median of 6.7 years. About 312 incident GCs were observed. The relative risk of GC was estimated based on cohort-wide sex-specific fiber intake quartiles using proportional hazards models to estimate hazards ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Intakes of cereal fiber, but not total, fruit or vegetable fiber, were associated with reduced GC risk [adjusted HR for the highest vs. lowest quartile of cereal fiber 0.69, 0.48-0.99]. There was a strong inverse association for diffuse [HR 0.43, 0.22-0.86], but not intestinal type [HR 0.98, 0.54-1.80] tumors. Associations for cardia vs. noncardia tumors were similar to those for overall GC, although cardia associations did not reach significance. Cereal fiber consumption may help to reduce risk of GC, particularly diffuse type tumors. Further study on different food sources of fiber in relation to GC risk is warranted to confirm these relationships.
Published: 2007
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32. Alcohol intake and breast cancer risk: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).

Author: Tjonneland, A, Christensen, J, Olsen, A, Stripp, C, Thomsen, BL, Overvad, K, Peeters, PH, van Gils, CH, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Ocké, MC, Thiebaut, A, Fournier, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Berrino, F, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Panico, S, Vineis, P, Agudo, A, Ardanaz, E, Martinez-Garcia, C, Amiano, P, Navarro, C, Quirós, JR, Key, TJ, Reeves, G, Khaw, KT, Bingham, S, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Naska, A, Nagel, G, Chang-Claude, J, Boeing, H, Lahmann, PH, Manjer, J, Wirfält, E, Hallmans, Göran, Johansson, Ingegerd, Lund, E, Skele, G, Hjartåker, A, Ferrari, P, Slimani, N, Kaaks, R, Riboli, E, Tjonneland, A, Christensen, J, Olsen, A, Stripp, C, Thomsen, BL, Overvad, K, Peeters, PH, van Gils, CH, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Ocké, MC, Thiebaut, A, Fournier, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Berrino, F, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Panico, S, Vineis, P, Agudo, A, Ardanaz, E, Martinez-Garcia, C, Amiano, P, Navarro, C, Quirós, JR, Key, TJ, Reeves, G, Khaw, KT, Bingham, S, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Naska, A, Nagel, G, Chang-Claude, J, Boeing, H, Lahmann, PH, Manjer, J, Wirfält, E, Hallmans, Göran, Johansson, Ingegerd, Lund, E, Skele, G, Hjartåker, A, Ferrari, P, Slimani, N, Kaaks, R, and Riboli, E
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Most epidemiologic studies have suggested an increased risk of breast cancer with increasing alcohol intake. Using data from 274,688 women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (EPIC), we investigated the relation between alcohol intake and the risk of breast cancer. METHODS: Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) based on Cox proportional hazard models were calculated using reported intake of alcohol, recent (at baseline) and lifetime exposure. We adjusted for known risk factors and stratified according to study center as well as potentially modifying host factors. RESULTS: During 6.4 years of follow up, 4,285 invasive cases of breast cancer within the age group 35-75 years were identified. For all countries together the IRR per 10 g/day higher recent alcohol intake (continuous) was 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.05). When adjusted, no association was seen between lifetime alcohol intake and risk of breast cancer. No difference in risk was shown between users and non-users of HRT, and there was no significant interaction between alcohol intake and BMI, HRT or dietary folate. CONCLUSION: This large European study supports previous findings that recent alcohol intake increases the risk of breast cancer.
Published: 2007
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33. Plasma carotenoids, retinol, and tocopherols and the risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study.

Author: Key, T.J., Appleby, P.N., Allen, N.E., Travis, R.C., Roddam, A.W., Jenab, M., Egevad, L., Tjonneland, A., Johnsen, N.F., Overvad, K., Linseisen, J., Rohrmann, S., Boeing, H., Pischon, T., Psaltopoulou, T., Trichopoulou, A., Trichopoulos, D., Palli, D., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Berrino, F., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Quiros, J.R., Gonzalez, C.A., Martinez, C., Larrañaga, N., Chirlaque, M.D., Ardanaz, E., Stattin, P, Hallmans, G., Khaw, K.T., Bingham, S., Slimani, N., Ferrari, P., Rinaldi, S., Riboli, E., Key, T.J., Appleby, P.N., Allen, N.E., Travis, R.C., Roddam, A.W., Jenab, M., Egevad, L., Tjonneland, A., Johnsen, N.F., Overvad, K., Linseisen, J., Rohrmann, S., Boeing, H., Pischon, T., Psaltopoulou, T., Trichopoulou, A., Trichopoulos, D., Palli, D., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Berrino, F., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Quiros, J.R., Gonzalez, C.A., Martinez, C., Larrañaga, N., Chirlaque, M.D., Ardanaz, E., Stattin, P, Hallmans, G., Khaw, K.T., Bingham, S., Slimani, N., Ferrari, P., Rinaldi, S., and Riboli, E.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 52703.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggest that high plasma concentrations of carotenoids, retinol, or tocopherols may reduce the risk of prostate cancer. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the associations between plasma concentrations of 7 carotenoids, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and gamma-tocopherol and prostate cancer risk. DESIGN: A total of 137,001 men in 8 European countries participated. After a mean of 6 y, 966 incident cases of prostate cancer with plasma were available. A total of 1064 control subjects were selected and were matched for study center, age, and date of recruitment. The relative risk of prostate cancer was estimated by conditional logistic regression, which was adjusted for smoking status, alcohol intake, body mass index, marital status, physical activity, and education level. RESULTS: Overall, none of the micronutrients examined were significantly associated with prostate cancer risk. For lycopene and the sum of carotenoids, there was evidence of heterogeneity between the associations with risks of localized and advanced disease. These carotenoids were not associated with the risk of localized disease but were inversely associated with the risk of advanced disease. The risk of advanced disease for men in the highest fifth of plasma concentrations compared with men in the lowest fifth was 0.40 (95% CI: 0.19, 0.88) for lycopene and 0.35 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.78) for the sum of carotenoids. CONCLUSIONS: We observed no associations between plasma concentrations of carotenoids, retinol, or tocopherols and overall prostate cancer risk. The inverse associations of lycopene and the sum of carotenoids with the risk of advanced disease may involve a protective effect, an association of dietary choice with delayed detection of prostate cancer, reverse causality, or other factors.
Published: 2007

34. Serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-binding protein-3 concentrations and prostate cancer risk: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Author: Allen, N.E., Key, T.J., Appleby, P.N., Travis, R.C., Roddam, A.W., Rinaldi, S., Egevad, L., Rohrmann, S., Linseisen, J., Pischon, T., Boeing, H., Johnsen, N.F., Tjonneland, A., Gronbaek, H., Overvad, K., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Bingham, S., Khaw, K.T., Tumino, R., Berrino, F., Mattiello, A., Sacerdote, C., Palli, D., Quiros, J.R., Ardanaz, E., Navarro, C, Larrañaga, N., Gonzalez, C., Sanchez, M.J., Trichopoulou, A., Travezea, C., Trichopoulos, D., Jenab, M., Ferrari, P., Riboli, E., Kaaks, R., Allen, N.E., Key, T.J., Appleby, P.N., Travis, R.C., Roddam, A.W., Rinaldi, S., Egevad, L., Rohrmann, S., Linseisen, J., Pischon, T., Boeing, H., Johnsen, N.F., Tjonneland, A., Gronbaek, H., Overvad, K., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Bingham, S., Khaw, K.T., Tumino, R., Berrino, F., Mattiello, A., Sacerdote, C., Palli, D., Quiros, J.R., Ardanaz, E., Navarro, C, Larrañaga, N., Gonzalez, C., Sanchez, M.J., Trichopoulou, A., Travezea, C., Trichopoulos, D., Jenab, M., Ferrari, P., Riboli, E., and Kaaks, R.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 51584.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), BACKGROUND: Some studies suggest that elevated serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I concentrations are associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer and, in particular, with an increased risk of advanced-stage prostate cancer. METHODS: We analyzed the association between prediagnostic serum concentrations of IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and prostate cancer risk in a case-control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. This study includes 630 incident prostate cancer cases and 630 matched control subjects. Odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated for prostate cancer risk associated with increasing IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: The risk of total prostate cancer in the highest versus the lowest third of serum peptide concentration was 1.35 (95% CI, 0.99-1.82; Ptrend = 0.08) for IGF-I, 1.39 (95% CI, 1.02-1.89; Ptrend = 0.12) for the IGF-I residuals after adjusting for IGFBP-3, 1.22 (95% CI, 0.92-1.64; Ptrend = 0.38) for IGFBP-3, and 1.01 (95% CI, 0.74-1.37; Ptrend = 0.75) for the IGFBP-3 residuals after adjusting for IGF-I. There was no significant difference in the association of peptide hormones and prostate cancer by stage of disease, although the association of serum IGF-I concentration with risk was slightly stronger for advanced-stage disease; the odds ratio for the highest versus the lowest third was 1.65 (95% CI, 0.88-3.08; Ptrend = 0.21) for IGF-I and 1.76 (95% CI, 0.92-3.40; Ptrend = 0.11) for IGF-I adjusted for IGFBP-3. CONCLUSIONS: In this large nested case-control study, serum IGF-I concentration is not strongly associated with prostate cancer risk, although the results are compatible with a small increase in risk, particularly for advanced-stage disease; no association for IGFBP-3 was observed.
Published: 2007

35. Plasma carotenoids, retinol, and tocopherols and the risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study.

Author: Key, T.J., Appleby, P.N., Allen, N.E., Travis, R.C., Roddam, A.W., Jenab, M., Egevad, L., Tjonneland, A., Johnsen, N.F., Overvad, K., Linseisen, J., Rohrmann, S., Boeing, H., Pischon, T., Psaltopoulou, T., Trichopoulou, A., Trichopoulos, D., Palli, D., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Berrino, F., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Quiros, J.R., Gonzalez, C.A., Martinez, C., Larrañaga, N., Chirlaque, M.D., Ardanaz, E., Stattin, P, Hallmans, G., Khaw, K.T., Bingham, S., Slimani, N., Ferrari, P., Rinaldi, S., Riboli, E., Key, T.J., Appleby, P.N., Allen, N.E., Travis, R.C., Roddam, A.W., Jenab, M., Egevad, L., Tjonneland, A., Johnsen, N.F., Overvad, K., Linseisen, J., Rohrmann, S., Boeing, H., Pischon, T., Psaltopoulou, T., Trichopoulou, A., Trichopoulos, D., Palli, D., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Berrino, F., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Quiros, J.R., Gonzalez, C.A., Martinez, C., Larrañaga, N., Chirlaque, M.D., Ardanaz, E., Stattin, P, Hallmans, G., Khaw, K.T., Bingham, S., Slimani, N., Ferrari, P., Rinaldi, S., and Riboli, E.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 52703.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggest that high plasma concentrations of carotenoids, retinol, or tocopherols may reduce the risk of prostate cancer. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the associations between plasma concentrations of 7 carotenoids, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and gamma-tocopherol and prostate cancer risk. DESIGN: A total of 137,001 men in 8 European countries participated. After a mean of 6 y, 966 incident cases of prostate cancer with plasma were available. A total of 1064 control subjects were selected and were matched for study center, age, and date of recruitment. The relative risk of prostate cancer was estimated by conditional logistic regression, which was adjusted for smoking status, alcohol intake, body mass index, marital status, physical activity, and education level. RESULTS: Overall, none of the micronutrients examined were significantly associated with prostate cancer risk. For lycopene and the sum of carotenoids, there was evidence of heterogeneity between the associations with risks of localized and advanced disease. These carotenoids were not associated with the risk of localized disease but were inversely associated with the risk of advanced disease. The risk of advanced disease for men in the highest fifth of plasma concentrations compared with men in the lowest fifth was 0.40 (95% CI: 0.19, 0.88) for lycopene and 0.35 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.78) for the sum of carotenoids. CONCLUSIONS: We observed no associations between plasma concentrations of carotenoids, retinol, or tocopherols and overall prostate cancer risk. The inverse associations of lycopene and the sum of carotenoids with the risk of advanced disease may involve a protective effect, an association of dietary choice with delayed detection of prostate cancer, reverse causality, or other factors.
Published: 2007

36. Serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-binding protein-3 concentrations and prostate cancer risk: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Author: Allen, N.E., Key, T.J., Appleby, P.N., Travis, R.C., Roddam, A.W., Rinaldi, S., Egevad, L., Rohrmann, S., Linseisen, J., Pischon, T., Boeing, H., Johnsen, N.F., Tjonneland, A., Gronbaek, H., Overvad, K., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Bingham, S., Khaw, K.T., Tumino, R., Berrino, F., Mattiello, A., Sacerdote, C., Palli, D., Quiros, J.R., Ardanaz, E., Navarro, C, Larrañaga, N., Gonzalez, C., Sanchez, M.J., Trichopoulou, A., Travezea, C., Trichopoulos, D., Jenab, M., Ferrari, P., Riboli, E., Kaaks, R., Allen, N.E., Key, T.J., Appleby, P.N., Travis, R.C., Roddam, A.W., Rinaldi, S., Egevad, L., Rohrmann, S., Linseisen, J., Pischon, T., Boeing, H., Johnsen, N.F., Tjonneland, A., Gronbaek, H., Overvad, K., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Bingham, S., Khaw, K.T., Tumino, R., Berrino, F., Mattiello, A., Sacerdote, C., Palli, D., Quiros, J.R., Ardanaz, E., Navarro, C, Larrañaga, N., Gonzalez, C., Sanchez, M.J., Trichopoulou, A., Travezea, C., Trichopoulos, D., Jenab, M., Ferrari, P., Riboli, E., and Kaaks, R.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 51584.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), BACKGROUND: Some studies suggest that elevated serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I concentrations are associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer and, in particular, with an increased risk of advanced-stage prostate cancer. METHODS: We analyzed the association between prediagnostic serum concentrations of IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and prostate cancer risk in a case-control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. This study includes 630 incident prostate cancer cases and 630 matched control subjects. Odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated for prostate cancer risk associated with increasing IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: The risk of total prostate cancer in the highest versus the lowest third of serum peptide concentration was 1.35 (95% CI, 0.99-1.82; Ptrend = 0.08) for IGF-I, 1.39 (95% CI, 1.02-1.89; Ptrend = 0.12) for the IGF-I residuals after adjusting for IGFBP-3, 1.22 (95% CI, 0.92-1.64; Ptrend = 0.38) for IGFBP-3, and 1.01 (95% CI, 0.74-1.37; Ptrend = 0.75) for the IGFBP-3 residuals after adjusting for IGF-I. There was no significant difference in the association of peptide hormones and prostate cancer by stage of disease, although the association of serum IGF-I concentration with risk was slightly stronger for advanced-stage disease; the odds ratio for the highest versus the lowest third was 1.65 (95% CI, 0.88-3.08; Ptrend = 0.21) for IGF-I and 1.76 (95% CI, 0.92-3.40; Ptrend = 0.11) for IGF-I adjusted for IGFBP-3. CONCLUSIONS: In this large nested case-control study, serum IGF-I concentration is not strongly associated with prostate cancer risk, although the results are compatible with a small increase in risk, particularly for advanced-stage disease; no association for IGFBP-3 was observed.
Published: 2007

37. Serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-binding protein-3 concentrations and prostate cancer risk: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Author: Allen, N.E., Key, T.J., Appleby, P.N., Travis, R.C., Roddam, A.W., Rinaldi, S., Egevad, L., Rohrmann, S., Linseisen, J., Pischon, T., Boeing, H., Johnsen, N.F., Tjonneland, A., Gronbaek, H., Overvad, K., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Bingham, S., Khaw, K.T., Tumino, R., Berrino, F., Mattiello, A., Sacerdote, C., Palli, D., Quiros, J.R., Ardanaz, E., Navarro, C, Larrañaga, N., Gonzalez, C., Sanchez, M.J., Trichopoulou, A., Travezea, C., Trichopoulos, D., Jenab, M., Ferrari, P., Riboli, E., Kaaks, R., Allen, N.E., Key, T.J., Appleby, P.N., Travis, R.C., Roddam, A.W., Rinaldi, S., Egevad, L., Rohrmann, S., Linseisen, J., Pischon, T., Boeing, H., Johnsen, N.F., Tjonneland, A., Gronbaek, H., Overvad, K., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Bingham, S., Khaw, K.T., Tumino, R., Berrino, F., Mattiello, A., Sacerdote, C., Palli, D., Quiros, J.R., Ardanaz, E., Navarro, C, Larrañaga, N., Gonzalez, C., Sanchez, M.J., Trichopoulou, A., Travezea, C., Trichopoulos, D., Jenab, M., Ferrari, P., Riboli, E., and Kaaks, R.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 51584.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), BACKGROUND: Some studies suggest that elevated serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I concentrations are associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer and, in particular, with an increased risk of advanced-stage prostate cancer. METHODS: We analyzed the association between prediagnostic serum concentrations of IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and prostate cancer risk in a case-control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. This study includes 630 incident prostate cancer cases and 630 matched control subjects. Odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated for prostate cancer risk associated with increasing IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: The risk of total prostate cancer in the highest versus the lowest third of serum peptide concentration was 1.35 (95% CI, 0.99-1.82; Ptrend = 0.08) for IGF-I, 1.39 (95% CI, 1.02-1.89; Ptrend = 0.12) for the IGF-I residuals after adjusting for IGFBP-3, 1.22 (95% CI, 0.92-1.64; Ptrend = 0.38) for IGFBP-3, and 1.01 (95% CI, 0.74-1.37; Ptrend = 0.75) for the IGFBP-3 residuals after adjusting for IGF-I. There was no significant difference in the association of peptide hormones and prostate cancer by stage of disease, although the association of serum IGF-I concentration with risk was slightly stronger for advanced-stage disease; the odds ratio for the highest versus the lowest third was 1.65 (95% CI, 0.88-3.08; Ptrend = 0.21) for IGF-I and 1.76 (95% CI, 0.92-3.40; Ptrend = 0.11) for IGF-I adjusted for IGFBP-3. CONCLUSIONS: In this large nested case-control study, serum IGF-I concentration is not strongly associated with prostate cancer risk, although the results are compatible with a small increase in risk, particularly for advanced-stage disease; no association for IGFBP-3 was observed.
Published: 2007

38. Plasma carotenoids, retinol, and tocopherols and the risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study.

Author: Key, T.J., Appleby, P.N., Allen, N.E., Travis, R.C., Roddam, A.W., Jenab, M., Egevad, L., Tjonneland, A., Johnsen, N.F., Overvad, K., Linseisen, J., Rohrmann, S., Boeing, H., Pischon, T., Psaltopoulou, T., Trichopoulou, A., Trichopoulos, D., Palli, D., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Berrino, F., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Quiros, J.R., Gonzalez, C.A., Martinez, C., Larrañaga, N., Chirlaque, M.D., Ardanaz, E., Stattin, P, Hallmans, G., Khaw, K.T., Bingham, S., Slimani, N., Ferrari, P., Rinaldi, S., Riboli, E., Key, T.J., Appleby, P.N., Allen, N.E., Travis, R.C., Roddam, A.W., Jenab, M., Egevad, L., Tjonneland, A., Johnsen, N.F., Overvad, K., Linseisen, J., Rohrmann, S., Boeing, H., Pischon, T., Psaltopoulou, T., Trichopoulou, A., Trichopoulos, D., Palli, D., Vineis, P., Tumino, R., Berrino, F., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Quiros, J.R., Gonzalez, C.A., Martinez, C., Larrañaga, N., Chirlaque, M.D., Ardanaz, E., Stattin, P, Hallmans, G., Khaw, K.T., Bingham, S., Slimani, N., Ferrari, P., Rinaldi, S., and Riboli, E.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 52703.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggest that high plasma concentrations of carotenoids, retinol, or tocopherols may reduce the risk of prostate cancer. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the associations between plasma concentrations of 7 carotenoids, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and gamma-tocopherol and prostate cancer risk. DESIGN: A total of 137,001 men in 8 European countries participated. After a mean of 6 y, 966 incident cases of prostate cancer with plasma were available. A total of 1064 control subjects were selected and were matched for study center, age, and date of recruitment. The relative risk of prostate cancer was estimated by conditional logistic regression, which was adjusted for smoking status, alcohol intake, body mass index, marital status, physical activity, and education level. RESULTS: Overall, none of the micronutrients examined were significantly associated with prostate cancer risk. For lycopene and the sum of carotenoids, there was evidence of heterogeneity between the associations with risks of localized and advanced disease. These carotenoids were not associated with the risk of localized disease but were inversely associated with the risk of advanced disease. The risk of advanced disease for men in the highest fifth of plasma concentrations compared with men in the lowest fifth was 0.40 (95% CI: 0.19, 0.88) for lycopene and 0.35 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.78) for the sum of carotenoids. CONCLUSIONS: We observed no associations between plasma concentrations of carotenoids, retinol, or tocopherols and overall prostate cancer risk. The inverse associations of lycopene and the sum of carotenoids with the risk of advanced disease may involve a protective effect, an association of dietary choice with delayed detection of prostate cancer, reverse causality, or other factors.
Published: 2007

39. Plasma and dietary carotenoid, retinol and tocopherol levels and the risk of gastric adenocarcinomas in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Author: Jenab, M, Riboli, E, Ferrari, P, Friesen, M, Sabate, J, Norat, T, Slimani, N, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Overvad, K, Boutron-Ruault, MC, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Boeing, H, Schulz, M, Linseisen, J, Nagel, G, Trichopoulou, A, Naska, A, Oikonomou, E, Berrino, F, Panico, S, Palli, D, Sacerdote, C, Tumino, R, Peeters, PH, Numans, ME, Bueno-de Mesquita, HB, Buchner, FL, Lund, E, Pera, G, Chirlaque, MD, Sanchez, MJ, Arriola, L, Barricarte, A, Quiros, JR, Johansson, Ingegerd, Johansson, Anders, Berglund, G, Bingham, S, Khaw, KT, Allen, N, Key, T, Carneiro, F, Save, V, Del Giudice, G, Plebani, M, Kaaks, R, Gonzalez, CA, Jenab, M, Riboli, E, Ferrari, P, Friesen, M, Sabate, J, Norat, T, Slimani, N, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Overvad, K, Boutron-Ruault, MC, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Boeing, H, Schulz, M, Linseisen, J, Nagel, G, Trichopoulou, A, Naska, A, Oikonomou, E, Berrino, F, Panico, S, Palli, D, Sacerdote, C, Tumino, R, Peeters, PH, Numans, ME, Bueno-de Mesquita, HB, Buchner, FL, Lund, E, Pera, G, Chirlaque, MD, Sanchez, MJ, Arriola, L, Barricarte, A, Quiros, JR, Johansson, Ingegerd, Johansson, Anders, Berglund, G, Bingham, S, Khaw, KT, Allen, N, Key, T, Carneiro, F, Save, V, Del Giudice, G, Plebani, M, Kaaks, R, and Gonzalez, CA
Abstract: Despite declining incidence rates, gastric cancer (GC) is a major cause of death worldwide. Its aetiology may involve dietary antioxidant micronutrients such as carotenoids and tocopherols. The objective of this study was to determine the association of plasma levels of seven common carotenoids, their total plasma concentration, retinol and - and -tocopherol, with the risk of gastric adenocarcinoma in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), a large cohort involving 10 countries. A secondary objective was to determine the association of total sum of carotenoids, retinol and -tocopherol on GCs by anatomical subsite (cardia/noncardia) and histological subtype (diffuse/intestinal). Analytes were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography in prediagnostic plasma from 244 GC cases and 645 controls matched by age, gender, study centre and date of blood donation. Conditional logistic regression models adjusted by body mass index, total energy intake, smoking and Helicobacter pylori infection status were used to estimate relative cancer risks. After an average 3.2 years of follow-up, a negative association with GC risk was observed in the highest vs the lowest quartiles of plasma -cryptoxanthin (odds ratio (OR)=0.53, 95% confidence intervals (CI)=0.30-0.94, Ptrend=0.006), zeaxanthin (OR=0.39, 95% CI=0.22-0.69, Ptrend=0.005), retinol (OR=0.55, 95% CI=0.33-0.93, Ptrend=0.005) and lipid-unadjusted -tocopherol (OR=0.59, 95% CI=0.37-0.94, Ptrend=0.022). For all analytes, no heterogeneity of risk estimates or significant associations were observed by anatomical subsite. In the diffuse histological subtype, an inverse association was observed with the highest vs lowest quartile of lipid-unadjusted -tocopherol (OR=0.26, 95% CI=0.11-0.65, Ptrend=0.003). These results show that higher plasma concentrations of some carotenoids, retinol and -tocopherol are associated with reduced risk of GC.
Published: 2006
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40. Intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of cancer of the upper aero-digestive tract : the prospective EPIC-study.

Author: Boeing, H, Dietrich, T, Hoffmann, K, Pischon, T, Ferrari, P, Lahmann, PH, Boutron-Ruault, MC, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Allen, N, Key, T, Skeie, G, Lund, E, Olsen, A, Tjonneland, A, Overvad, K, Jensen, MK, Rohrmann, S, Linseisen, J, Trichopoulou, A, Bamia, C, Psalttopoulou, T, Weinehall, L, Johansson, Ingegerd, Sanchez, MJ, Jakszyn, P, Ardanaz, E, Amiano, P, Chirlaque, MD, Quiros, JR, Wirfalt, E, Berglund, G, Peeters, PH, van Gils, CH, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Buchner, FL, Berrino, F, Palli, D, Sacerdote, C, Tumino, R, Panico, S, Bingham, S, Khaw, KT, Slimani, N, Norat, T, Jenab, M, Riboli, E, Boeing, H, Dietrich, T, Hoffmann, K, Pischon, T, Ferrari, P, Lahmann, PH, Boutron-Ruault, MC, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Allen, N, Key, T, Skeie, G, Lund, E, Olsen, A, Tjonneland, A, Overvad, K, Jensen, MK, Rohrmann, S, Linseisen, J, Trichopoulou, A, Bamia, C, Psalttopoulou, T, Weinehall, L, Johansson, Ingegerd, Sanchez, MJ, Jakszyn, P, Ardanaz, E, Amiano, P, Chirlaque, MD, Quiros, JR, Wirfalt, E, Berglund, G, Peeters, PH, van Gils, CH, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Buchner, FL, Berrino, F, Palli, D, Sacerdote, C, Tumino, R, Panico, S, Bingham, S, Khaw, KT, Slimani, N, Norat, T, Jenab, M, and Riboli, E
Abstract: Epidemiologic studies suggest that a high intake of fruits and vegetables is associated with decreased risk of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract. We studied data from 345,904 subjects of the prospective European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) recruited in seven European countries, who had completed a dietary questionnaire in 1992-1998. During 2,182,560 person years of observation 352 histologically verified incident squamous cell cancer (SCC) cases (255 males; 97 females) of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus were identified. Linear and restricted cubic spline Cox regressions were fitted on variables of intake of fruits and vegetables and adjusted for potential confounders. We observed a significant inverse association with combined total fruits and vegetables intake (estimated relative risk (RR) = 0.91; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.83-1.00 per 80 g/d of consumption), and nearly significant inverse associations in separate analyses with total fruits and total vegetables intake (RR: 0.97 (95% CI: 0.92-1.02) and RR = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.78-1.02) per 40 g/d of consumption). Overall, vegetable subgroups were not related to risk with the exception of intake of root vegetables in men. Restricted cubic spline regression did not improve the linear model fits except for total fruits and vegetables and total fruits with a significant decrease in risk at low intake levels (<120 g/d) for fruits. Dietary recommendations should consider the potential benefit of increasing fruits and vegetables consumption for reducing the risk of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract, particularly at low intake.
Published: 2006
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41. Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of stomach and oesophagus adenocarcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-EURGAST).

Author: Gonzalez, C.A., Pera, G., Agudo, A., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Ceroti, M., Boeing, H., Schulz, M., Giudice, G. Del, Plebani, M., Carneiro, F., Berrino, F., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Berglund, G., Siman, H., Hallmans, G., Stenling, R., Martinez, C., Dorronsoro, M., Barricarte, A., Navarro, C, Quiros, J.R., Allen, N., Key, T.J., Bingham, S., Day, N., Linseisen, J., Nagel, G., Overvad, K., Jensen, M.K., Olsen, A., Tjonneland, A., Buchner, F.L., Peeters, P.H., Numans, M.E., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Roukos, D., Trichopoulou, A., Psaltopoulou, T., Lund, E., Casagrande, C., Slimani, N., Jenab, M., Riboli, E., Gonzalez, C.A., Pera, G., Agudo, A., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Ceroti, M., Boeing, H., Schulz, M., Giudice, G. Del, Plebani, M., Carneiro, F., Berrino, F., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Berglund, G., Siman, H., Hallmans, G., Stenling, R., Martinez, C., Dorronsoro, M., Barricarte, A., Navarro, C, Quiros, J.R., Allen, N., Key, T.J., Bingham, S., Day, N., Linseisen, J., Nagel, G., Overvad, K., Jensen, M.K., Olsen, A., Tjonneland, A., Buchner, F.L., Peeters, P.H., Numans, M.E., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Roukos, D., Trichopoulou, A., Psaltopoulou, T., Lund, E., Casagrande, C., Slimani, N., Jenab, M., and Riboli, E.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 49914.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), It is considered that fruit and vegetable (F&V) protect against oesophagus and gastric cancer (GC). However, 2 recent meta-analyses suggest that the strength of association on GC seems to be weaker for vegetables than for fruit and weaker in cohort than in case-control studies. No evidence exists from cohort studies about adenocarcinoma of oesophagus (ACO). In 521,457 men and women participating in the EPIC cohort in 10 European countries, information of diet and lifestyle was collected at baseline. After an average of 6.5 years of follow-up, a total of 330 GC and 65 ACO, confirmed and classified by a panel of pathologists, was used for the analysis. We examined the relation between F&V intake and GC and ACO. A calibration study in a sub-sample was used to control diet measurement errors. In a sub-sample of cases and a random sample of controls, antibodies against Helicobacter pylori (Hp) were measured and interactions with F&V were examined in a nested case-control study. We observed no association with total vegetable intake or specific groups of vegetables and GC risk, except for the intestinal type, where a negative association is possible regarding total vegetable (calibrated HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.35-1.22 per 100 g increase) and onion and garlic intake (calibrated HR 0.70; 95% CI 0.38-1.29 per 10 g increase). No evidence of association between fresh fruit intake and GC risk was observed. We found a negative but non significant association between citrus fruit intake and the cardia site (calibrated HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.47-1.22 per 100 g increase) while no association was observed with the non-cardia site. Regarding ACO, we found a non significant negative association for vegetable intake and for citrus intake (calibrated HRs 0.72; 95% CI 0.32-1.64 and 0.77; 95% CI 0.46-1.28 per 100 and 50 g increase, respectively). It seems that Hp infection does not modify the effect of F&V intake. Our study supports a possible protective role of vegetable intake in the intestinal typ
Published: 2006

42. Intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of cancer of the upper aero-digestive tract: the prospective EPIC-study.

Author: Boeing, H., Dietrich, T., Hoffmann, K., Pischon, T., Ferrari, P., Lahmann, P.H., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Allen, N., Key, T.J., Skeie, G., Lund, E., Olsen, A., Tjonneland, A., Overvad, K., Jensen, M.K., Rohrmann, S., Linseisen, J., Trichopoulou, A., Bamia, C., Psaltopoulou, T., Weinehall, L., Johansson, I., Sanchez, M.J., Jakszyn, P., Ardanaz, E., Amiano, P., Chirlaque, M.D., Quiros, J.R., Wirfalt, E., Berglund, G., Peeters, P.H., Gils, C.H. van, Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Buchner, F.L., Berrino, F., Palli, D., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Bingham, S., Khaw, K.T., Slimani, N., Norat, T., Jenab, M., Riboli, E., Boeing, H., Dietrich, T., Hoffmann, K., Pischon, T., Ferrari, P., Lahmann, P.H., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Allen, N., Key, T.J., Skeie, G., Lund, E., Olsen, A., Tjonneland, A., Overvad, K., Jensen, M.K., Rohrmann, S., Linseisen, J., Trichopoulou, A., Bamia, C., Psaltopoulou, T., Weinehall, L., Johansson, I., Sanchez, M.J., Jakszyn, P., Ardanaz, E., Amiano, P., Chirlaque, M.D., Quiros, J.R., Wirfalt, E., Berglund, G., Peeters, P.H., Gils, C.H. van, Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Buchner, F.L., Berrino, F., Palli, D., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Bingham, S., Khaw, K.T., Slimani, N., Norat, T., Jenab, M., and Riboli, E.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 49468.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), Epidemiologic studies suggest that a high intake of fruits and vegetables is associated with decreased risk of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract. We studied data from 345,904 subjects of the prospective European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) recruited in seven European countries, who had completed a dietary questionnaire in 1992-1998. During 2,182,560 person years of observation 352 histologically verified incident squamous cell cancer (SCC) cases (255 males; 97 females) of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus were identified. Linear and restricted cubic spline Cox regressions were fitted on variables of intake of fruits and vegetables and adjusted for potential confounders. We observed a significant inverse association with combined total fruits and vegetables intake (estimated relative risk (RR) = 0.91; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.83-1.00 per 80 g/d of consumption), and nearly significant inverse associations in separate analyses with total fruits and total vegetables intake (RR: 0.97 (95% CI: 0.92-1.02) and RR = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.78-1.02) per 40 g/d of consumption). Overall, vegetable subgroups were not related to risk with the exception of intake of root vegetables in men. Restricted cubic spline regression did not improve the linear model fits except for total fruits and vegetables and total fruits with a significant decrease in risk at low intake levels (<120 g/d) for fruits. Dietary recommendations should consider the potential benefit of increasing fruits and vegetables consumption for reducing the risk of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract, particularly at low intake.
Published: 2006

43. Tobacco smoke and bladder cancer--in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Author: Bjerregaard, B.K., Raaschou-Nielsen, O., Sorensen, M., Frederiksen, K., Christensen, J., Tjonneland, A., Overvad, K., Chapelon, F.C., Nagel, G., Chang-Claude, J., Bergmann, M.M., Boeing, H., Trichopoulos, D., Trichopoulou, A., Oikonomou, E., Berrino, F., Palli, D., Tumino, R., Vineis, P., Panico, S., Peeters, P.H., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Gram, I.T., Braaten, T., Lund, E., Gonzalez, C.A., Berglund, G., Allen, N., Roddam, A.W., Bingham, S., Riboli, E., Bjerregaard, B.K., Raaschou-Nielsen, O., Sorensen, M., Frederiksen, K., Christensen, J., Tjonneland, A., Overvad, K., Chapelon, F.C., Nagel, G., Chang-Claude, J., Bergmann, M.M., Boeing, H., Trichopoulos, D., Trichopoulou, A., Oikonomou, E., Berrino, F., Palli, D., Tumino, R., Vineis, P., Panico, S., Peeters, P.H., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Kiemeney, L.A.L.M., Gram, I.T., Braaten, T., Lund, E., Gonzalez, C.A., Berglund, G., Allen, N., Roddam, A.W., Bingham, S., and Riboli, E.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 51070.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between smoking and the development of bladder cancer. The study population consisted of 429,906 persons participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), 633 of whom developed bladder cancer during the follow-up period. An increased risk of bladder cancer was found for both current- (incidence rate ratio 3.96, 95% confidence interval: 3.07-5.09) and ex- (2.25, 1.74-2.91) smokers, compared to never-smokers. A positive association with intensity (per 5 cigarettes) was found among current-smokers (1.18, 1.09-1.28). Associations (per 5 years) were observed for duration (1.14, 1.08-1.21), later age at start (0.75, 0.66-0.85) and longer time since quitting (0.92, 0.86-0.98). Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) during childhood increased the risk of bladder cancer (1.38, 1.00-1.90), whereas for ETS exposure as adult no effect was detected. The present study confirms the strong association between smoking and bladder cancer. The indication of a higher risk of bladder cancer for those who start smoking at a young age and for those exposed to ETS during childhood adds to the body of evidence suggesting that children are more sensitive to carcinogens than adults.
Published: 2006

44. Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of stomach and oesophagus adenocarcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-EURGAST).

Author: Gonzalez, C.A., Pera, G., Agudo, A., Bueno de Mesquita, H.B., Ceroti, M., Boeing, H.H., Schulz, M., Del Guidice, G., Plebani, M., Carneiro, F., Berrino, F., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Berglund, G., Siman, H., Hallmans, G., Stenling, R., Martinez, C., Dorronsoro, M., Barricarte, A., Navarro, C., Quiros, J.R., Allen, N., Key, T.J., Bingham, S, Day, N.E., Linseisen, J., Nagel, G., Overvad, K., Jensen, M.K., Olsen, A., Tjonneland, A., Buchner, F.L., Peeters, P.H.M., Numans, M.E., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Roukos, D., Trichopoulou, A., Psaltopoulou, T., Lund, E., Casagrande, C., Slimani, N., Jenab, M., Riboli, E., Gonzalez, C.A., Pera, G., Agudo, A., Bueno de Mesquita, H.B., Ceroti, M., Boeing, H.H., Schulz, M., Del Guidice, G., Plebani, M., Carneiro, F., Berrino, F., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Berglund, G., Siman, H., Hallmans, G., Stenling, R., Martinez, C., Dorronsoro, M., Barricarte, A., Navarro, C., Quiros, J.R., Allen, N., Key, T.J., Bingham, S, Day, N.E., Linseisen, J., Nagel, G., Overvad, K., Jensen, M.K., Olsen, A., Tjonneland, A., Buchner, F.L., Peeters, P.H.M., Numans, M.E., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Roukos, D., Trichopoulou, A., Psaltopoulou, T., Lund, E., Casagrande, C., Slimani, N., Jenab, M., and Riboli, E.
Published: 2006

45. Haplotype analysis of the HSD17B1 gene and risk of breast cancer: a comprehensive approach to multicenter analyses of prospective cohort studies.

Author: Feigelson, H.S., Cox, D.G., Cann, H.M., Wacholder, S., Kaaks, R., Henderson, B.E., Albanes, D., Altshuler, D., Berglund, G., Berrino, F., Bingham, S, Buring, J.E., Burtt, N.P., Calle, E.E., Chanock, S.J., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Colditz, G., Diver, W.R., Freedman, M.L., Haiman, C.A., Hankinson, S.E., Hayes, R.B., Hirschhorn, J.N., Hunter, D., Kolonel, L.N., Kraft, P., LeMarchand, L., Linseisen, J., Modi, W., Navarro, C., Peeters, P.H.M., Pike, M.C., Riboli, E., Setiawan, V.W., Stram, D.O., Thomas, G., Thun, M.J., Tjonneland, A., Trichopoulos, D., Feigelson, H.S., Cox, D.G., Cann, H.M., Wacholder, S., Kaaks, R., Henderson, B.E., Albanes, D., Altshuler, D., Berglund, G., Berrino, F., Bingham, S, Buring, J.E., Burtt, N.P., Calle, E.E., Chanock, S.J., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Colditz, G., Diver, W.R., Freedman, M.L., Haiman, C.A., Hankinson, S.E., Hayes, R.B., Hirschhorn, J.N., Hunter, D., Kolonel, L.N., Kraft, P., LeMarchand, L., Linseisen, J., Modi, W., Navarro, C., Peeters, P.H.M., Pike, M.C., Riboli, E., Setiawan, V.W., Stram, D.O., Thomas, G., Thun, M.J., Tjonneland, A., and Trichopoulos, D.
Published: 2006

46. Anthropometric measures, endogenous sex steroids and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women; A study within the EPIC cohort.

Author: Rinaldi, S., Key, T.J., Peeters, P.H.M., Lahmann, P.H., Lukanova, A., Dossus, L., Biessy, C., Vineis, P., Sacerdote, C., Berrino, F., Panico, S., Tumino, R., Palli, D., Nagel, G., Linseisen, J., Boeing, H.H., Roddam, A., Bingham, S, Khaw, K.T., Chloptios, J., Trichopoulou, A., Trichopoulos, D., Tehard, B., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Gonzalez, C.A., Larranaga, N., Barricarte, A., Quiros, J.R., Chirlaque, M.D., Martinez, C., Monninkhof, E.M., Grobbee, D.E., Bueno de Mesquita, H.B., Ferrari, P., Slimani, N., Riboli, E., Kaaks, R., Rinaldi, S., Key, T.J., Peeters, P.H.M., Lahmann, P.H., Lukanova, A., Dossus, L., Biessy, C., Vineis, P., Sacerdote, C., Berrino, F., Panico, S., Tumino, R., Palli, D., Nagel, G., Linseisen, J., Boeing, H.H., Roddam, A., Bingham, S, Khaw, K.T., Chloptios, J., Trichopoulou, A., Trichopoulos, D., Tehard, B., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Gonzalez, C.A., Larranaga, N., Barricarte, A., Quiros, J.R., Chirlaque, M.D., Martinez, C., Monninkhof, E.M., Grobbee, D.E., Bueno de Mesquita, H.B., Ferrari, P., Slimani, N., Riboli, E., and Kaaks, R.
Published: 2006

47. IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and breast cancer risk in women: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).

Author: Rinaldi, S., Peeters, P.H.M., Berrino, F., Dossus, L., Biessy, C., Olsen, A., Tjonneland, A., Overvad, K., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Tehard, B., Nagel, G., Linseisen, J., Boeing, H.H., Lahmann, P.H., Trichopoulou, A., Trichopoulos, D., Koliva, M., Palli, D., Panico, S., Tumino, R., Sacerdote, C., van Gils, C.H., van Noord, P.A.H., Grobbee, D.E., Bueno de Mesquita, H.B., Gonzalez, C.A., Agudo, A, Chirlaque, M.D., Barricarte, A., Larranaga, N., Quiros, J.R., Bingham, S, Khaw, K.T., Key, T.J., Allen, N.E., Lukanova, A., Slimani, N., Saracci, R., Riboli, E., Kaaks, R., Rinaldi, S., Peeters, P.H.M., Berrino, F., Dossus, L., Biessy, C., Olsen, A., Tjonneland, A., Overvad, K., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Tehard, B., Nagel, G., Linseisen, J., Boeing, H.H., Lahmann, P.H., Trichopoulou, A., Trichopoulos, D., Koliva, M., Palli, D., Panico, S., Tumino, R., Sacerdote, C., van Gils, C.H., van Noord, P.A.H., Grobbee, D.E., Bueno de Mesquita, H.B., Gonzalez, C.A., Agudo, A, Chirlaque, M.D., Barricarte, A., Larranaga, N., Quiros, J.R., Bingham, S, Khaw, K.T., Key, T.J., Allen, N.E., Lukanova, A., Slimani, N., Saracci, R., Riboli, E., and Kaaks, R.
Published: 2006

48. Meat intake and risk of stomach and esophageal adenocarcinoma within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).

Author: Gonzalez, C.A., Jakszyn, P., Pera, G., Agudo, A., Bingham, S, Palli, D., Ferrari, P., Boeing, H.H., del Giudice, G., Plebani, M., Carneiro, F., Nesi, G., Berrino, F., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Berglund, G., Siman, H., Nyren, O., Hallmans, G., Martinez, C., Dorronsoro, M., Barricarte, A., Navarro, C., Quiros, J.R., Allen, N., Key, T.J., Day, N.E., Linseisen, J., Nagel, G., Bergmann, M.M., Overvad, K., Jensen, M.K., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Bueno de Mesquita, H.B., Ocke, M.C., Peeters, P.H.M., Numans, M.E., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Trichopoulou, A., Psaltopoulou, T., Roukos, D., Lund, E., Hemon, B., Kaaks, R., Norat, T., Riboli, E., Gonzalez, C.A., Jakszyn, P., Pera, G., Agudo, A., Bingham, S, Palli, D., Ferrari, P., Boeing, H.H., del Giudice, G., Plebani, M., Carneiro, F., Nesi, G., Berrino, F., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Berglund, G., Siman, H., Nyren, O., Hallmans, G., Martinez, C., Dorronsoro, M., Barricarte, A., Navarro, C., Quiros, J.R., Allen, N., Key, T.J., Day, N.E., Linseisen, J., Nagel, G., Bergmann, M.M., Overvad, K., Jensen, M.K., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Bueno de Mesquita, H.B., Ocke, M.C., Peeters, P.H.M., Numans, M.E., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Trichopoulou, A., Psaltopoulou, T., Roukos, D., Lund, E., Hemon, B., Kaaks, R., Norat, T., and Riboli, E.
Published: 2006

49. Polymorphisms of genes coding for insulin-like growth factor 1 and its major binding proteins, circulating levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 and breast cancer risk: results from the EPIC study.

Author: Canzian, F., McKay, J.D., Cleveland, R.J., Dossus, L., Biessy, C., Rinaldi, S., Landi, S., Boillot, C., Monnier, S., Chajes, V., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Tehard, B., Chang-Claude, J., Linseisen, J., Lahmann, P.H., Pischon, T., Trichopoulos, D., Trichopoulou, A., Zilis, D., Palli, D., Tumino, R., Vineis, P., Berrino, F., Bueno de Mesquita, H.B., van Gils, C.H., Peeters, P.H.M., Pera, G., Ardanaz, E., Chirlaque, M.D., Quiros, J.R., Larranaga, N., Martinez-Garcia, C., Allen, N.E., Key, T.J., Bingham, S, Khaw, K.T., Slimani, N., Norat, T., Riboli, E., Kaaks, R., Canzian, F., McKay, J.D., Cleveland, R.J., Dossus, L., Biessy, C., Rinaldi, S., Landi, S., Boillot, C., Monnier, S., Chajes, V., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Tehard, B., Chang-Claude, J., Linseisen, J., Lahmann, P.H., Pischon, T., Trichopoulos, D., Trichopoulou, A., Zilis, D., Palli, D., Tumino, R., Vineis, P., Berrino, F., Bueno de Mesquita, H.B., van Gils, C.H., Peeters, P.H.M., Pera, G., Ardanaz, E., Chirlaque, M.D., Quiros, J.R., Larranaga, N., Martinez-Garcia, C., Allen, N.E., Key, T.J., Bingham, S, Khaw, K.T., Slimani, N., Norat, T., Riboli, E., and Kaaks, R.
Published: 2006

50. No association between polymorphisms in CYP2E1, GSTM1, NAT1, NAT2 and the risk of gastric adenocarcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Author: Agudo, A., Sala, N., Pera, G., Capella, G., Berenguer, A., Garcia, N., Palli, D., Boeing, H.H., Del Giudice, G., Saieva, C., Carneiro, F., Berrino, F., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Berglund, G., Siman, H., Stenling, R., Hallmans, G., Martinez, C., Amiano, P., Barricarte, A., Navarro, C., Quiros, J.R., Allen, N., Key, T.J., Bingham, S, Khaw, K.T., Linseisen, J., Nagel, G., Overvad, K., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Bueno de Mesquita, H.B., Boshuizen, H.C., Peeters, P.H.M., Numans, M.E., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Trichopoulou, A., Lund, E., Blaker, H., Jenab, M., Ferrari, P., Norat, T., Riboli, E., Gonzalez, C.A., Agudo, A., Sala, N., Pera, G., Capella, G., Berenguer, A., Garcia, N., Palli, D., Boeing, H.H., Del Giudice, G., Saieva, C., Carneiro, F., Berrino, F., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Berglund, G., Siman, H., Stenling, R., Hallmans, G., Martinez, C., Amiano, P., Barricarte, A., Navarro, C., Quiros, J.R., Allen, N., Key, T.J., Bingham, S, Khaw, K.T., Linseisen, J., Nagel, G., Overvad, K., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Bueno de Mesquita, H.B., Boshuizen, H.C., Peeters, P.H.M., Numans, M.E., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Trichopoulou, A., Lund, E., Blaker, H., Jenab, M., Ferrari, P., Norat, T., Riboli, E., and Gonzalez, C.A.
Published: 2006

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