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Khalid A Kheirallah,1 Sarah H Al-Zureikat,1 Abdel-Hameed Al-Mistarehi,1 Jomana W Alsulaiman,2 Mohammad AlQudah,1 Adi H Khassawneh,1 Liliana Lorettu,3 Saverio Bellizzi,4 Fawaz Mzayek,5 Iffat Elbarazi,6 Ilene A Serlin7 1Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 2Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan; 3Psychiatric Clinic, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; 4World Health Organization (WHO), Jordan Country Office, Amman, Jordan; 5School of Public Health, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA; 6Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; 7International Institute for Advanced Training in Dance Movement Therapy, San Francisco, CA, USACorrespondence: Khalid A Kheirallah, Department of Public Health, Community Medicine, and Family Medicine, Medical School of Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box: 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan, Tel +962 7 9611 9094, Email kakheirallah@just.edu.jo Abdel-Hameed Al-Mistarehi, Department of Public Health, Community Medicine, and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box: 630001, Irbid, 22110, Jordan, Tel +962 7 9828 4360, Email awalmistarehi18@med.just.edu.joBackground: Syrian refugee women not only suffered the refuging journey but also faced the burden of being the heads of their households in a new community. We aimed to investigate the mental health status, traumatic history, social support, and post-traumatic growth (PTG) of Syrian refugee women.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured interviewer-administered survey between August and November 2019. Syrian refugee women who head their households and live outside camps were eligible. The survey included items investigating socio-demographic characteristics and conflict-related physical trauma history. The Refugee Health Screener-15 (RHS-15) scale was used

Sami Sheikh Ali,1 Khalid A Kheirallah,2 Ghazi Sharkas,1 Mohammed Al-Nusair,2 Abdel-Hameed Al-Mistarehi,2 Mahmoud Ghazo,1 Ali Zeitawi,1 Saverio Bellizzi,3 Mohannad Ramadan,3 Jomana W Alsulaiman,4 Hamed Alzoubi,5 Adel Belbesi,1 Mohammed Z Allouh6,7 1Epidemics Management, Jordan Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan; 2Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 3Emergency Program, World Health Organization, Jordan Country Office, Amman, Jordan; 4Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan; 5Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Mutah, Jordan; 6Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 7Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab EmiratesCorrespondence: Khalid A Kheirallah, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box: 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan, Tel +962 7 9611 9094, Email kkheiral@gmail.com Mohammed Z Allouh, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P. O. Box: 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates, Tel +971 3 713 7551, Email m_allouh@uaeu.ac.aeBackground: Population-based serosurveillance is a cornerstone to furthering our understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic at the community levels. In Jordan, four waves (phases) of seroprevalence epidemiological investigations were conducted using representative population-based national samples. This study aims to estimate the population-based seropositivity, herd immunity, and vaccination coverage at the fourth wave.Methods: Multistage sampling technique was implemented to recruit a nationally representative sample for the fourth wave of the seroprevalence investigation (June to August 2021). Electr

In April 2019, a tuberculosis (TB) outbreak, likely triggered by re-activation of a highly contagious latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in a school teacher, was reported in a primary school in the Veneto Region (northeastern Italy). The infection, having probably been dormant for decades, rapidly spread further to two school teachers and up to 11 pupils, a total of 13 cases of active TB that received appropriate TB treatment. Ten out of the remaining 95 school staff members (10.5%) and 34/546 (6.2%) remaining school pupils tested positive on tuberculin skin test (TST). Moreover, 2% (2/97) of pupils attending the first year of junior secondary school within the same municipality during 2017/18 (having completed the above primary school) were also found positive on TST. Since none of 3 school teachers or 84 pupils who completed the last year of primary school in 2017 and attended the second year of a junior secondary school were found to be TST positive, the beginning of the outbreak was dated from January 2018 onwards. Therefore, active TB in the index case may have been potentially infectious and undiagnosed for about 14 months, leading to extensive exposure of close contacts, especially students (1). Anyone with recognized LTBI status – among school staff or pupils – was placed on prophylaxis with isoniazid for 6 months (1).

In April 2019, a tuberculosis (TB) outbreak, likely triggered by re-activation of a highly contagious latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in a school teacher, was reported in a primary school in the Veneto Region (northeastern Italy). The infection, having probably been dormant for decades, rapidly spread further to two school teachers and up to 11 pupils, a total of 13 cases of active TB that received appropriate TB treatment. Ten out of the remaining 95 school staff members (10.5%) and 34/546 (6.2%) remaining school pupils tested positive on tuberculin skin test (TST). Moreover, 2% (2/97) of pupils attending the first year of junior secondary school within the same municipality during 2017/18 (having completed the above primary school) were also found positive on TST. Since none of 3 school teachers or 84 pupils who completed the last year of primary school in 2017 and attended the second year of a junior secondary school were found to be TST positive, the beginning of the outbreak was dated from January 2018 onwards. Therefore, active TB in the index case may have been potentially infectious and undiagnosed for about 14 months, leading to extensive exposure of close contacts, especially students (1). Anyone with recognized LTBI status – among school staff or pupils – was placed on prophylaxis with isoniazid for 6 months (1).