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Magnetic domain wall (DW)-based logic devices offer numerous opportunities for emerging electronics applications allowing superior performance characteristics such as fast motion, high density, and nonvolatility to process information. However, these devices rely on an external magnetic field, which limits their implementation; this is particularly problematic in large-scale applications. Multiferroic systems consisting of a piezoelectric substrate coupled with ferromagnets provide a potential solution that provides the possibility of controlling magnetization through an electric field via magnetoelastic coupling. Strain-induced magnetization anisotropy tilting can influence the DW motion in a controllable way. We demonstrate a method to perform all-electrical logic operations using such a system. Ferromagnetic coupling between neighboring magnetic domains induced by the electric-field-controlled strain has been exploited to promote noncollinear spin alignment, which is used for realizing essential building blocks, including DW generation, propagation, and pinning, in all implementations of Boolean logic, which will pave the way for scalable memory-in-logic applications.

The realization of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) from laboratory to clinical applications remains slow, partly because of the lack of precise control of each condition in the preparation process and the rich selectivity of nanoparticles with diverse characteristics. Employing PLGA NPs to establish a large range of size-controlled drug delivery systems and achieve size-selective drug delivery targeting remains a challenge for therapeutic development for different diseases. In this study, we employed a microfluidic device to control the size of PLGA NPs. PLGA, poly (ethylene glycol)-methyl ether block poly (lactic-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA), and blend (PLGA + PEG-PLGA) NPs were engineered with defined sizes. Blend NPs exhibit the widest size range (40-114 nm) by simply changing the flow rate conditions without changing the precursor (polymer molecular weight, concentration, and chain segment composition). A model hydrophobic drug, paclitaxel (PTX), was encapsulated in the NPs, and the PTX-loaded NPs maintained a large range of controllable NP sizes. Furthermore, size-controlled NPs were used to investigate the effect of particle size of sub-200 nm NPs on tumor cell growth. The 52 nm NPs showed higher cell growth inhibition than 109 nm NPs. Our method allows the preparation of biodegradable NPs with a large size range without changing polymer precursors as well as the nondemanding fluid conditions. In addition, our model can be applied to elucidate the role of particle sizes of sub-200 nm particles in various biomedical applications, which may help develop suitable drugs for different diseases.

The translation of nanoparticles (NPs) from laboratory to clinical settings is limited, which is not ideal. One of the reasons for this is that we currently have limited ability to precisely regulate various physicochemical parameters of nanoparticles. This has made it difficult to rapidly perform targeted screening of drug preparation conditions. In this study, we attempted to broaden the range of preparation conditions for particle size-modulated poly(lactic-co-glycolic-acid) (PLGA) NP to enhance their applicability for drug delivery systems (DDS). This was done using a variety of organic solvents and a glass-based microfluidic device. Furthermore, we compared the PDMS-based microfluidic device to the glass-based microfluidic device in terms of the possibility of a wider range of preparation conditions, especially the effect of different solvents on the size of the PLGA NPs. PLGA NPs with different sizes (sub-200 nm) were successfully prepared, and three different types of taxanes were employed for encapsulation. The drug-loaded NPs showed size-dependent cytotoxicity in cellular assays, regardless of the taxane drug used.

This study aims to examine the relationship between credit risk and the performance of commercial banks in the ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) region. 113 commercial banks across Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines, and Vietnam are covered for analysis purposes. The study quantifies the credit risk using three commonly seen metrics i.e. capital adequacy ratio, loan to deposit ratio, and non-performing loan. Capital adequacy ratio and loan to deposit ratio could present the riskiness of the funding strategy of banks, while non-performing loan represents the overall customer payments past due as the potential result of risk-taking behaviour. Panel data analysis covering the years 2016-2020 for the above-mentioned bank sample is employed in examining the relationships. The result indicates that all the above metrics have a significant relationship with commercial bank performance, proxied by return on equity and return on assets, largely consistent with the underlying expectations. While the risk-taking behaviour may enhance the return measure of profitability, it would at the same time expose a bank to the downside risk as reflected by a higher level of non-performing loans. The study could provide empirical evidence to the managers and regulators in the region for a better understanding of banks' risks in formulating better policies to foster prudent management and decision making.

Wei Tang,1,* Qian Lv,1,* Xiao Huang,2,* Yuzhen Li,2 JunJie Zou,1 Jiaoyang Zheng,1 Liangliang Sun,1 Yi Bao,1 Haiyan Chen,1 Tuo Li,1 Bei Zhang,1 Song Xue,1 Yan Song,1 Xingxing Zhang,1 Xiangfang Chen,1 Jiping Cai,2 Yongquan Shi1 1Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiangfang Chen; Yongquan Shi, Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 415 Fengyang Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200003, People’s Republic of China, Email chenxiangfang@smmu.edu.cn; young.stone@smmu.edu.cnObjective: Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune disease that involves the remodeling of orbit and periorbital tissues. Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) may stimulate the activation of autoimmunity in TAO, but the exact mechanism is unclear. We investigated whether IGF-1R/TSHR modulation in TAO may involve microRNA regulation.Methods: We conducted microarray analysis using RNA from the orbital connective tissue samples of 3 healthy and 3 patients with TAO. The involvement of differentially regulated microRNA in IGF-1R/TSHR modulation in TAO was evaluated in orbital fibroblasts (OFs) and female BALB/c mice.Results: Using hierarchical cluster analysis, we identified that miR-143 was downregulated in TAO. The expression levels of miR-143 in OFs were significantly reduced under IL-1B stimulation. However, OF proliferation and inflammatory responses decreased when miR-143 is overexpressed. In contrast, the suppression of miR-143 increased levels of inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-8, MCP1) and hyaluronan accumulation. Moreover, overexpression of miR-143 significa

The geographically weighted regression (GWR) is an essential tool for estimating the spatial variation of relationships between dependent and independent variables in geographical contexts. However, GWR suffers from the problem that classical linear regressions, which compose the GWR model, are more prone to be underfitting, especially for significant volume and complex nonlinear data, causing inferior comparative performance. Nevertheless, some advanced models, such as the decision tree and the support vector machine, can learn features from complex data more effectively while they cannot provide explainable quantification for the spatial variation of localized relationships. To address the above issues, we propose a geographically gradient boosting weighted regression model, GWRBoost, that applies the localized additive model and gradient boosting optimization method to alleviate underfitting problems and retains explainable quantification capability for spatially-varying relationships between geographically located variables. Furthermore, we formulate the computation method of the Akaike information score for the proposed model to conduct the comparative analysis with the classic GWR algorithm. Simulation experiments and the empirical case study are applied to prove the efficient performance and practical value of GWRBoost. The results show that our proposed model can reduce the RMSE by 18.3% in parameter estimation accuracy and AICc by 67.3% in the goodness of fit., Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables

Driving trajectory representation learning is of great significance for various location-based services, such as driving pattern mining and route recommendation. However, previous representation generation approaches tend to rarely address three challenges: 1) how to represent the intricate semantic intentions of mobility inexpensively; 2) complex and weak spatial-temporal dependencies due to the sparsity and heterogeneity of the trajectory data; 3) route selection preferences and their correlation to driving behavior. In this paper, we propose a novel multimodal fusion model, DouFu, for trajectory representation joint learning, which applies multimodal learning and attention fusion module to capture the internal characteristics of trajectories. We first design movement, route, and global features generated from the trajectory data and urban functional zones and then analyze them respectively with the attention encoder or feed forward network. The attention fusion module incorporates route features with movement features to create a better spatial-temporal embedding. With the global semantic feature, DouFu produces a comprehensive embedding for each trajectory. We evaluate representations generated by our method and other baseline models on classification and clustering tasks. Empirical results show that DouFu outperforms other models in most of the learning algorithms like the linear regression and the support vector machine by more than 10%., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures

Identification of the mechanically exfoliated graphene flakes and classification of the thickness is important in the nanomanufacturing of next-generation materials and devices that overcome the bottleneck of Moore's Law. Currently, identification and classification of exfoliated graphene flakes are conducted by human via inspecting the optical microscope images. The existing state-of-the-art automatic identification by machine learning is not able to accommodate images with different backgrounds while different backgrounds are unavoidable in experiments. This paper presents a deep learning method to automatically identify and classify the thickness of exfoliated graphene flakes on Si/SiO2 substrates from optical microscope images with various settings and background colors. The presented method uses a hierarchical deep convolutional neural network that is capable of learning new images while preserving the knowledge from previous images. The deep learning model was trained and used to classify exfoliated graphene flakes into monolayer (1L), bi-layer (2L), tri-layer (3L), four-to-six-layer (4-6L), seven-to-ten-layer (7-10L), and bulk categories. Compared with existing machine learning methods, the presented method possesses high accuracy and efficiency as well as robustness to the backgrounds and resolutions of images. The results indicated that our deep learning model has accuracy as high as 99% in identifying and classifying exfoliated graphene flakes. This research will shed light on scaled-up manufacturing and characterization of graphene for advanced materials and devices., Comment: 17 pages

Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent environmental contaminants. The effects in organisms of exposures to binary mixtures of such contaminants remain obscure. Attenuated total reflection Fourier‐transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy is a label‐free, non‐destructive analytical technique allowing spectrochemical analysis of macromolecular components, and alterations thereof, within tissue samples. Herein, we employed ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy to identify biomolecular changes in rat liver post‐exposure to B[a]P and BDE‐47 (2,2′,4,4′‐tetrabromodiphenyl ether) congener mixtures. Our results demonstrate that significant separation occurs between spectra of tissue samples derived from control versus exposure categories (accuracy = 87%; sensitivity = 95%; specificity = 79%). Additionally, there is significant spectral separation between exposed categories (accuracy = 91%; sensitivity = 98%; specificity = 90%). Segregation between control and all exposure categories were primarily associated with wavenumbers ranging from 1600 to 1700 cm−1. B[a]P and BDE‐47 alone, or in combination, induces liver damage in female rats. However, it is suggested that binary exposure apparently attenuates the toxic effects in rat liver of the individual contaminants. This is supported by morphological observations of liver tissue architecture on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)‐stained liver sections. Such observations highlight the difficulties in predicting the endpoint effects in target tissues of exposures to mixtures of environmental contaminants.

Juanfen Mo,1 Li Zheng,1 Zhenzhen Gao,2 Jiayuan Wu,1 Yi Bao1,2 1The Key Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yi BaoThe Key Laboratory, The Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jiaxing, 1518 Huanchen North Road, Zhejiang, 314000, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +865 738 207 3185Fax +865 738 208 2936Email ybao2011@gmail.comIntroduction: Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a group of unconventional T cells, which strongly express CD161 and are involved in defending against infectious pathogens and inflammatory diseases. They are activated by inflammatory cytokines, secrete various cytokines and cytotoxic molecules, and express chemokine receptors and integrins. However, the underlying mechanisms of MAIT cells in colon cancer are still not fully understood.Methods: The phenotype and frequency of circulating MAIT cells were investigated by flow cytometry in colon cancer patients and healthy donors. CD161 was examined in cancerous and paracancerous nontumor tissues of colon cancer patients by immunohistochemistry. The serum levels of IFN-γ and IL-17A were analyzed by ELISA. Finally, MAIT cells were also detected in peripheral blood and tumor tissues in a CT26 tumor-bearing mice model.Results: The percentages of CD4+CD8− MAIT cells, CD4−CD8+ MAIT cells, and CD4−CD8− MAIT cells increased in the peripheral blood of colon cancer patients compared with healthy donors. The expression of CD161 protein in colon cancer cancerous tissues was higher than that in the paracancerous nontumor tissues. The killer cell lectin-like receptor B1 (KLRB1), a coding gene for CD161, was positively associated with the gene expressions of immune inhibitory receptors, such as CTLA4, HAVCR2, PDCD1, and CD274 in colon cancer. Furthermore

While the region of western Guangxi-southeastern Yunan is known and considered prospective for manganese deposits, carrying out prospectivity mapping in this region is challenging due to the diversity of geological factors, the complexity of the geological process and the asymmetry of geo-information. In this work, the manganese potential mapping for further exploration targeting is implemented via spatial analysis and modal-adaptive prospectivity modelling. On the basis of targeting criteria developed by the mineral systems approach, the spatial analysis is leveraged to extract the predictor variables to identify features of the geological process. Specifically, a metallogenic field analysis approach is proposed to extract metallogenic information that quantifies the regional impacts of the synsedimentary faults and sedimentary basins. In the integration of the extracted predictor variables, a modal-adaptive prospectivity model is built, which allows to adapt different data availability and geological process. The resulting prospective areas of high potential not only correspond to the areas of known manganese deposits but also provide a number of favourable targets in the region for future mineral exploration. (Authors.), While the region of western Guangxi-southeastern Yunan is known and considered prospective for manganese deposits, carrying out prospectivity mapping in this region is challenging due to the diversity of geological factors, the complexity of the geological process and the asymmetry of geo-information. In this work, the manganese potential mapping for further exploration targeting is implemented via spatial analysis and modal-adaptive prospectivity modelling. On the basis of targeting criteria developed by the mineral systems approach, the spatial analysis is leveraged to extract the predictor variables to identify features of the geological process. Specifically, a metallogenic field analysis approach is proposed to extract metallogenic information that quantifies the regional impacts of the synsedimentary faults and sedimentary basins. In the integration of the extracted predictor variables, a modal-adaptive prospectivity model is built, which allows to adapt different data availability and geological process. The resulting prospective areas of high potential not only correspond to the areas of known manganese deposits but also provide a number of favourable targets in the region for future mineral exploration. (Authors.)

The design of FRP profile-concrete composite sections, including beams and decks, is usually governed by the shear strength of the FRP profiles. However, analytical methods that can precisely predict the shear capacity of the composite sections have not been well developed, because there is lack of knowledge of the FRP-concrete composite action and distribution of shear stress along the FRP. This paper investigates the shear behaviors of FRP-concrete composite sections and develops formulae to predict the shear capacity of the composite sections. First, flexural tests of three FRP-concrete composite beams were conducted to investigate the shear failure mode and interface behaviors. All the beams failed in FRP shear fracture along horizontal direction. Then, push-out tests were used to determine the slip property for the FRP-concrete interface which reveals that FRP stay-in-place form and steel bolts can ensure full and partial composite action, respectively. Based on the experimental study, closed-form equations to compute the maximum shear stress are derived and validated against experimental data in this paper and literature. Finally, simple yet reliable equations of shear capacity are derived and recommended for engineers to design the FRP-concrete composite sections., Accepted author manuscript, Steel & Composite Structures

Yi Bao,1,2 Jiayuan Wu,1 Jun Zhang,3 Yawei Yu41The Key Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2The Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 3The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 4The Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaAbstract: The incidence of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (SMPLC) has been increased in recent years. Because of a variance in clinical management and outcome, it is important to distinguish SMPLC from a primary tumor with intrapulmonary metastases. Here, we reported a diagnosis and treatment procedure regarding a case of a 58‐year‐old woman who presented with synchronous multiple tumor lesions in separate lungs. Using a next generation sequencing technology, a discordant EGFR gene profile from the separate lungs was revealed for this patient. After standard treatment procedures, the therapeutic effects were evaluated by response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST). This case shows an essential role in the combination of molecular features, together with pathological analysis, during the management of SMPLC, but challenges still required considering during dealing the cases of SMPLC.Keywords: lung adenocarcinoma, SMPLC, genetic features, EGFR

Hu Q, Liang B, Sun Y, Guo XL, Bao YJ, Xie DH, Zhou M, Duan YR, Yin PH, Peng ZH. Int J Nanomedicine. 2014;9(1):4035–4041. On page 4040, Figure 6C is incorrect.Read the original article

Kun Wang,1 Feng Wang,1 Jun-Ping Bao,2 Zhi-Yang Xie,1 Lu Chen,1 Bao-Yi Zhou,1 Xin-Hui Xie,2 Xiao-Tao Wu1,2 1Medical School of Southeast University, 2Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China Abstract: The dorsal horn (DH) of the spinal cord is the integrative center that processes and transmits pain sensation. Abnormal changes in ion channel expression can enhance the excitability of pain-related DH neurons. Sodium-activated potassium (KNa) channels are highly expressed particularly in the central nervous system; however, information about whether rat DH neurons express the SLICK channel protein is lacking, and the direct effects on SLICK in response to inflammation and the potential signaling pathway mediating such effects are yet to be elucidated. Here, using cultured DH neurons, we have shown that tumor necrosis factor-α inhibits the total outward potassium current IK and the KNa current predominantly as well as induces a progressive loss of firing accommodation. However, we found that this change in channel activity is offset by the p38 inhibitor SB202190, thereby suggesting the modulation of SLICK channel activity via the p38 MAPK pathway. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that the tumor necrosis factor-α modulation of KNa channels does not occur at the level of SLICK channel gating but arises from possible posttranslational modification. Keywords: p38 MAPK, SLICK channel, neuropathic pain, dorsal horn, TNF-&alpha

Heavy-ion collisions at very high colliding energies are expected to produce a quark-gluon plasma (QGP) at the highest temperature obtainable in a laboratory setting. Experimental studies of these reactions can provide an unprecedented range of information on properties of the QGP at high temperatures. We report theoretical investigations of the physics perspectives of heavy-ion collisions at a future high-energy collider. These include initial parton production, collective expansion of the dense medium, jet quenching, heavy-quark transport, dissociation and regeneration of quarkonia, photon and dilepton production. We illustrate the potential of future experimental studies of the initial particle production and formation of QGP at the highest temperature to provide constraints on properties of strongly interaction matter., Comment: 35 pages in Latex, 29 figures

Qiang Hu,1,3,* Bo Liang,2,* Ying Sun,4 Xiao-Ling Guo,2,* Yi-Jie Bao,2 Dong-Hao Xie,3 Ming Zhou,3 You-Rong Duan,4 Pei-Hao Yin,2 Zhi-Hai Peng11Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 2Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 3Department of General Surgery, Dahua Hospital, 4State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workAbstract: A large number of studies have shown that bufalin can have a significant antitumor effect in a variety of tumors. However, because of toxicity, insolubility in water, fast metabolism, short half-life, and other shortcomings, its application is limited in cancer therapy. In this study, we explored the anti-metastatic role of bufalin-loaded pluronic polyetherimide nanoparticles on HCT116 colon cancer-bearing mice. Nanoparticle size, shape, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro drug release were studied. Also, cellular uptake of nanoparticles, in vivo tumor targeting, and tumor metastasis were studied. The nanoparticles had a particle size of about 60 nm and an encapsulation efficiency of 75.71%, by weight. The in vitro release data showed that free bufalin was released faster than bufalin-loaded pluronic polyetherimide nanoparticles, and almost 80% of free bufalin was released after 32 hours. Nanoparticles had an even size distribution, were stable, and had a slow release and a tumor-targeting effect. Bufalin-loaded pluronic polyetherimide nanoparticles can significantly inhibit the growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer.Keywords: colon cancer, nanoparticles, tumor target, bufalinCorrigendum for this paper has been published

Modern radio communication is faced with a problem about how to distribute restricted frequency to users in a certain space. Since our task is to minimize the number of repeaters, a natural idea is enlarging coverage area. However, coverage has restrictions. First, service area has to be divided economically as repeater's coverage is limited. In this paper, our fundamental method is to adopt seamless cellular network division. Second, underlying physics content in frequency distribution problem is interference between two close frequencies. Consequently, we choose a proper frequency width of 0.1MHz and a relevantly reliable setting to apply one frequency several times. We make a few general assumptions to simplify real situation. For instance, immobile users yield to homogenous distribution; repeaters can receive and transmit information in any given frequency in duplex operation; coverage is mainly decided by antenna height. Two models are built up to solve 1000 users and 10000 users situations respectively. In order to utilize restricted frequency and PL code, three stratified terms - "cell", "cluster", "group" - are introduced to describe the models in detail. Under our analysis, 91 repeaters for 1000 users and 469 repeaters for 10000 users are viable results. Next, to test stability and sensitivity of models, we give total consideration to the variation of sum of users, antenna height, and frequency width and service radius. Evaluation about models is offered qualitatively. Finally, two practical cases are put forward to gain a partial knowledge of mountainous area. The brief method in dealing with mountains is classified discussion in two ideal conditions. It may provide some constructive suggestions to avoid shortcomings or take proper measures in similar locations., Comment: 23 pages essay for MCM2011

Liu Bao Yi., Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004., Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-104)., s in English and Chinese., p.i, ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.v, TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.vi, LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --- p.xii, LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xivv, LIST OF TABLES --- p.xv, PUBLICATION RELATED TO THIS THESIS --- p.xvii, Chapter PART 1 --- INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE RESEARCH, Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1, Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- MECONIUM STAINED LIQUOR --- p.3, Chapter 2.1 --- AMNIOTIC FLUID --- p.3, Chapter 2.1.1 --- Function of Amniotic Fluid --- p.3, Chapter 2.1.2 --- Composition Of Amniotic Fluid --- p.3, Chapter 2.1.3 --- Regulation Of Amniotic Fluid --- p.4, Chapter 2.1.4 --- Abnormality Of Amniotic Fluid Volume --- p.4, Chapter 2.2 --- MECONIUM STAINED LIQUOR --- p.6, Chapter 2.2.1 --- Formation And Composition Of Meconium --- p.6, Chapter 2.2.2 --- Peristalsis Of Fetal Gastrointestinal Tract --- p.7, Chapter 2.2.3 --- Meconium Stained Liquor(MSL) --- p.7, Chapter 2.2.3.1 --- Maturation Theory --- p.7, Chapter 2.2.3.2 --- Cord Compression Theory --- p.9, Chapter 2.2.3.3 --- Fetal Hypoxia Theory --- p.10, Chapter 2.2.4 --- Fetal Effect Of Meconium In Amniotic Cavity --- p.11, Chapter 2.2.5 --- Meconium Aspiration Syndrome --- p.12, Chapter 2.2.6 --- Clinical Significance And Limitation Of Studies --- p.13, Chapter 2.3 --- Purpose Of Study --- p.14, Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- OXIDATIVE STRESS AND FETAL HYPOXIA --- p.16, Chapter 3.1 --- OXIDATIVE STRESS --- p.16, Chapter 3.2 --- FREE RADICALS --- p.16, Chapter 3.2.1 --- Sources Of Free Radicals --- p.17, Chapter 3.2.1.1 --- Biological Source Of Free Radicals --- p.17, Chapter 3.2.1.2 --- Intracellular Source Of Free Radicals --- p.17, Chapter 3.2.1.3 --- Composition Of Free Radicals And Reactive Oxygen Species --- p.18, Chapter 3.2.2 --- Cellular Components At Risk From Free Radicals Damage --- p.20, Chapter 3.2.2.1 --- Proteins --- p.20, Chapter 3.2.2.2 --- Nucleic Acids And DNA --- p.21, Chapter 3.2.2.3 --- Membrane Lipids --- p.21, Chapter 3.2.3 --- Lipid Peroxidation --- p.21, Chapter 3.2.3.1 --- Chemical Substances Of Membranes --- p.21, Chapter 3.2.3.2 --- The Reactions Of Lipid Peroxidation --- p.22, Chapter 3.2.3.3 --- Lipid Peroxidation In Pregnancy --- p.23, Chapter 3.2.4 --- Protection Against Lipid Peroxidation --- p.24, Chapter 3.2.5 --- Isoprostanes --- p.26, Chapter 3.2.5.1 --- Definition --- p.26, Chapter 3.2.5.2 --- Formation Of Isoprostanes --- p.26, Chapter 3.2.5.3 --- Metabolism Of Isoprostanes --- p.27, Chapter 3.2.5.4 --- Biological Characteristics Of Isoprostanes --- p.29, Chapter 3.2.5.5 --- Isoprostanes As Mediators Of Oxidantive Stress --- p.29, Chapter 3.3 --- FETAL HYPOXIA --- p.30, Chapter 3.3.1 --- Fetal Metabolism And Energy Supply --- p.30, Chapter 3.3.2 --- Free Radical Generation And Fetal Hypoxia-Reoxygenation --- p.33, Chapter 3.3.3 --- Fetal Hypoxia And Fetal Brain Injury --- p.34, Chapter 3.3.4 --- Measurement Of Fetal Hypoxia --- p.35, Chapter 3.3.4.1 --- Acid-Base Balance --- p.35, Chapter 3.3.4.2 --- Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring --- p.36, Chapter 3.3.4.3 --- Apgar scores --- p.37, Chapter 3.3.4.4 --- Pulse Oximetry --- p.37, Chapter 3.3.4.5 --- Lipid Peroxides --- p.38, Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- AMNIOINFUSION --- p.40, Chapter 4.1 --- AMNIOINFUSION --- p.40, Chapter 4.2 --- AMNIOINFUSION FOR OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS --- p.40, Chapter 4.3 --- AMNIOINFUSION FOR MECONIUM STAINED LIQUOR --- p.41, Chapter 4.4 --- PURPOSE OF THE STUDY --- p.42, Chapter PART 2 --- CLINICAL PROTOCOLS AND MEASUREMENT OF ISOPROSTANES, Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- CLINICAL PROTOCOLS --- p.43, Chapter 5.1 --- ETHICS --- p.43, Chapter 5.2 --- CLINICAL PROTOCOLS --- p.43, Chapter 5.2.1 --- Artificial Rupture Of Membranes (Amniotomy) --- p.43, Chapter 5.2.2 --- Classification of Meconium Stained Liquor --- p.44, Chapter 5.2.3 --- Electronic Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring --- p.44, Chapter 5.2.4 --- Monitoring The Progress of Labour --- p.44, Chapter 5.2.5 --- Umbilical Cord Blood Gas Analysis --- p.45, Chapter 5.2.6 --- Apgar Score --- p.45, Chapter 5.2.7 --- Meconium Aspiration --- p.46, Chapter 5.2.8 --- Clinical Outcome --- p.46, Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- MEASUREMENT OF ISOPROSTANES --- p.50, Chapter 6.1 --- BLOOD PREPARATION --- p.50, Chapter 6.2 --- REAGENTS --- p.50, Chapter 6.3 --- GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS SPECTROMETRY (GC-MS) --- p.51, Chapter 6.4 --- PROCEDURES --- p.51, Chapter 6.5 --- DATA RELIABILITY --- p.53, Chapter PART 3 --- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION, Chapter CHAPTER 7 --- MECONIUM STAINED LIQUOR (MSL) DURING LABOUR AND NEONATAL CORD BLOOD 8-IS〇-PGF2α CONCENTRATION --- p.54, Chapter 7.1 --- OBJECTIVE --- p.54, Chapter 7.2 --- MATERIALS AND METHOD --- p.55, Chapter 7.3 --- STATISTICAL ANALYSIS --- p.56, Chapter 7.4 --- RESULTS --- p.57, Chapter 7.5 --- DISCUSSION --- p.65, Chapter 7.6 --- CONCLUSION --- p.67, Chapter CHAPTER 8 --- EVALUATION OF PROPHYLACTIC AMNIOINFUSION FOR INTRAPARTUM MECONIUM STAINED LIQUOR --- p.69, Chapter 8.1 --- OBJECTIVE --- p.69, Chapter 8.2 --- MATERIALS AND METHOD --- p.69, Chapter 8.2.1 --- Study Group: 226}0ب MSL+AI' --- p.69, Chapter 8.2.2 --- The Procedure Of Amnioinfusion --- p.70, Chapter 8.2.3 --- Other Study Group --- p.71, Chapter 8.3 --- STATISTIC ANALYSIS --- p.71, Chapter 8.4 --- RESULTS --- p.72, Chapter 8.4.1 --- Comparison Between The 'MSL+AI' And 'MSL-AI' Groups --- p.72, Chapter 8.4.2 --- Comparison Between 226}0بMSL+AI'And 'Clear Liquor' Groups --- p.74, Chapter 8.5 --- DISCUSSION --- p.77, Chapter 8.6 --- CONCLUSION --- p.79, Chapter CHAPTER 9 --- COMMENTS AND FUTURE RESEARCH --- p.80, BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.83, http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5896180, Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

A three-dimensional geological model of the deposit was constructed, multi-disciplinary geoscientific analysis undertaken and geological correlation field analysis used to propose a set of quantitative ore-controlling factors and a 3D quantitative prediction model, which was used to predict the location and distribution of concealed orebodies in the area surrounding the deposit., A three-dimensional geological model of the deposit was constructed, multi-disciplinary geoscientific analysis undertaken and geological correlation field analysis used to propose a set of quantitative ore-controlling factors and a 3D quantitative prediction model, which was used to predict the location and distribution of concealed orebodies in the area surrounding the deposit.

Financial support for this study is provided by the National Institute of Standards and Technology under Award No. 70NANB13H183 and the U.S. Department of Transportation, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology (USDOT/OST-R) under Grant No. 69A3551747126 through INSPIRE University Transportation Center (http://inspireutc. mst.edu) at Missouri University of Science and Technology., A 12.8 m-long composite floor beam consisting of a steel reinforced concrete slab with profiled metal decking supported by a W18×35 steel beam was tested under multi-point bending load at ambient temperature. Material strain and temperature were measured using fiber optic sensors. Measurements were taken along more than 150 m of fiber optic cables using Pre-Pump Pulse Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis (PPP-BOTDA) and Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR). Along the beam centerline, three strain and two temperature fiber loops were placed to characterize the strain and temperature distribution along and through the depth of the concrete slab. The neutral axis depth was evaluated using the measured data and compared with theoretic predictions for a fully-composite beam and a non-composite beam. The theoretic prediction was based on an elastic steel and elastic cracked concrete section and was found in general agreement with the test data.