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16 results on '"Ahmed, Moustafa"'

1. Impact of husbandry practice on the gill microbiome of Salmo salar and Oreochromis niloticus

Author

Ahmed, Ahmed Moustafa Kamel Elsheshtawy, MacKenzie, Simon, and Albalat, Amaya

Subjects
Nile tilapia, grey mullet, gill microbiota, skin microbiota, aquaculture, polyculture, Atlantic salmon, net cleaning, freshwater treatment, thermal delousing, amoebic gill disease, sea lice, gill swabbing, rainbow trout, Osteichthyes, Gills, Fishes--Anatomy, Fishes--Diseases, Fish culture
Abstract

The major aquatic interface between host and environment in teleost finfish species is the gill. The diversity of this infraclass, high complexity of the organ and direct exposure to the surrounding environment make it an ideal candidate for furthering our understanding of the intwined relationships between host and microbiome and for monitoring health status in aquaculture practices. Capturing the structure and diversity of bacterial communities from this low biomass, 'inhibitor-rich' tissue can, however, prove challenging. Moreover, little is known about the gill microbiome of farmed fish with particular emphasis to the impact of farm husbandry practises, and its potential use as a health and welfare management tool. Through the development of qPCR assay for both host genomic DNA and bacterial 16S rRNA gene, and exploring the community composition using amplicon sequencing, a robust method for sample collection for gill microbiome analysis was developed. The impact of normalising 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing libraries to equal copy numbers of 16S rRNA, starting material concentration, and microbiome DNA enrichment on the recovered microbial diversity were explored. Results showed that the non-invasive approach of gill sampling (swabbing) significantly improved the bacterial 16S rRNA recovery, minimised host DNA, and thereby remarkably increased abundance and diversity of bacteria captured as opposed to the other sampling approaches (surfactant-washed gills and whole gill tissue). Quantifying 16S rRNA and normalising the input to equal copy numbers of 16S rRNA prior to costly library construction showed significant improvements with regards the fidelity of the final data. Utilising the optimised protocol for gill microbiome sampling and analysis, in-depth characterisation of gill and skin microbiomes in co-cultured Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and grey mullet (Mugil capito) in semi-intensive pond systems was performed. In addition, the impact of farm practices on the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) gill health in terms of microbiome and the associated immune response were investigated. In semi-intensive pond systems, the external autochthonous communities of co-cultured tilapia and mullet were not a passive reflection of their allochthonous communities. The autochthonous bacterial communities of the skin were distinct from those of the gill in both species, indicating that the external microbiome is likely organ specific. Gill autochthonous communities were clearly species specific, whereas skin communities showed higher commonalities between both species. Finally, salmon farm practises including thermal treatment for sea lice, freshwater treatment for amoebic gill disease, and net cleaning had a significant impact on markers of gill immune response and gill microbial community composition. These observations highlight the promising use of gill microbiome as a health and welfare management tool.

Published
2022

2. Development of particulate carriers for delivery and targeting of biotherapeutics

Author

Mohamed, Ahmed Moustafa Aly

Subjects
615.6
Abstract

A progressive interest has arisen for applying biodegradable polymers to the delivery of biotherapeutics. Any polymer that is going to be used in the human body should have propensities for high biocompatibility as well as modulated biodegradability. The group of polymers most extensively studied so far in this regard is polyester polymers, like poly (lactic acid) (PLA), poly (glycolic acid) (PLGA), and polycaprolactone (PCL), and natural polymers like chitosan. This thesis describes a way to modulate the physicochemical properties of biodegradable nanoparticles by using selected hydrophilic polymers. Poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) was utilised to improve the loading efficiency of the encapsulated protein antigens as well as to modulate their release profiles from PLGA and PCL nanoparticles, whereas poly- [N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide] (pHPMA) was employed to modify the surface characteristics of chitosan/DNA nanoparticles. In addition, both hydrophilic polymers were utilised for the covalent attachment of targeting moieties, so that, the delivery of the encapsulated antigen or DNA plasmid to their targeting site could be improved. The effect of PEG on the loading efficiency of ovalbumin (OVA) in polymeric PLGA and PCL nanoparticles prepared by using a modified w/o/w solvent evaporation method was investigated. PEG with higher molecular mass improved OVA loading, and also OVA release was found to be dependant on the PEG content of the nanoparticles. PEG was also employed as an anchor for the two sugars, galactose and mannose to PCL nanoparticles encapsulating tetanus toxoid (TT) as vaccine delivery systems. Following their intranasal administration, tetanus toxoid loaded PCL-PEG-galactose or PCL-PEG-mannose nanoparticles induced IgG antibody titres higher than PCL nanoparticles or free tetanus toxoid administered. However, this was not the case following the intramuscular administration. Covalent attachment of either the monovalent PEG or the multivalent (pHPMA) to chitosan/DNA nanoparticles stabilised the surface of particles with a stealth-like shield as manifested in improvement in resistance to albumin binding. Moreover, the covalent attachment of transferrin as a targeting ligand to pHPMA showed an improved gene expression in prostate cancer cell line transfected by chitosan/DNA particles. When tested in vivo, pHPMA-coated chitosan/DNA nanoparticles were successful in eliciting an immune response.

Published
2006

4. Hydraulics of flow over side weirs

Author

El Khashab, Ahmed Moustafa Mohamed

Subjects
627
Abstract

This thesis reviews the present state of knowledge of the hydraulics of flow over side weirs, and describes an experimental investigation into the flow of water over side weirs using a laboratory flume. A detailed exeimination is made of the assumption conventionally used by many investigators that the total energy of the flow remaining in the channel does not vary along the length of the side weir (excluding friction loss). Some new conclusions are suggested concerning the weir coefficient, the variation of the velocity sind pressure distribution coefficients and the end controls. The secondary flow observed along the side weirs in the experimental work and the changes it underwent on progressing along the side weir are described in detail. Some degree of confirmation of the analysis was achieved for the exact way in which the flow moves along the side weir as it leaves the channel section and enters the side weir section. The background of the side weir theory is given in detail, preceding an examination of the predictions of this theory in terms of the results of the present and other experimental investigations. It has been found that even when the energy of the secondary flow and the non-uniform velocity distribution are allowed for, the observed Total Energy Line along the weir length falls considerably below the horizontal. From observations it could be seen that the longitudinal component of velocity of water flowing over the side weir is usually considerably higher than the average velocity of the water remaining in the channel. In this situation it was found necessary to use a momentum approach, taking into account the momentum of the water flowing over the side weir. The derived equation for the water surface profile along the side weir based on the momentum principle has been discussed in detail, some relationships for different cases are derived depending on the ratio between the spill flow over the side weir to the flow in the main channel upstream of the side weir, and also on the type of flow along the side weir. A computer programme based on the derived momentum equation predicted water surface profiles which compared well with the observed profiles. Also, a satisfactory comparison was made between the observed water surface profiles obtained by some earlier researchers and the computed water surface profile based on the technique developed in this thesis.

Published
1975

5. The nature of word-accent in English, with special reference to duration and perception

Author

Gomaa, Moustafa Ahmed Moustafa

Subjects
421
Abstract

This is mainly a study of accent-based durational differences in syllables in British English. A framework for the study of accent is described. It is characterized by considering the two often separated domains (i. e. one-word utterances and longer utterances) as a single domain. The durational manifestations of the different degrees of accent are then studied. The method adopted is that of comparisons of the durations of syllables with identical syntagmatic and paradigmatic structures, with the average margins of difference being assessed in terms of significance against a reference duration of 40 msec. The condition of identicality in syntagmatic and paradigmatic structures is sometimes abandoned, however, for the sake of widening the scope of the material analysed or studying factors modulating the accent-duration relationship (e. g. speech-rate). The factor of syllable-position is occasionally used as a variable that affects this relationship. The hierarchy proposed for accentual degrees is found to be consistently manifested by duration in a directly proportional relation unless other variables are operative. On the basis of syllable-durations, the dissociation of so-called "word-accent" and "sentence-accent" has been found to be implausible. Comparisons of the durations of syllable-tokens in one-word and longer utterances have been found to produce significant durational variations only when one of two factors is involved: final lengthening, and the change from primary tonic to primary non-tonic accent and vice versa. Both factors are known to operate in both domains. The results of various Tests confirm on the basis of syllable-durations the inconsistency in the marking of secondary accents in the English Pronouncing Dictionary (EPD). It is proposed that further studies of other parameters in relation to accent would find it worthwhile to keep the syntagmatic and paradigmatic structures of syllables constant. Various tenets and theories in the field of perception are then reviewed with respect to accent in the light of the results of a Perception Test. The results of the three Groups of judging informants (i. e. native linguists, native and phonetically naive, and non-native) were found to bear positively on the motor theory of speech perception. Familiarity with linguistic concepts was also found to be one of the factors that positively induced correct judgements. The advantage of native speakers of English over non-native ones was found to be maintained both in terms of the average percentage of correct judgement and of the patterns of incorrect judgement (e. g. opting for another prominent syllable in the word or for a non-prominent one). The deviation of the scores of correct judgements and the patterns of incorrect judgements in the case of given types of word (e. g. deliberately misaccented words and compound words) from the general percentages and patterns were also individually accounted for.

Published
1988

6. Integrated Photonic FFT for Optical Convolutions towards Efficient and High-Speed Neural Networks

Author

Ahmed, Moustafa, Al-Hadeethi, Yas, Bakry, Ahmed, Dalir, Hamed, Sorger, Volker J., Ahmed, Moustafa, Al-Hadeethi, Yas, Bakry, Ahmed, Dalir, Hamed, and Sorger, Volker J.

Abstract

The technologically-relevant task of feature extraction from data performed in deep-learning systems is routinely accomplished as repeated fast Fourier transforms (FFT) electronically in prevalent domain-specific architectures such as in graphics processing units (GPUs). However, electronics systems are limited with respect to power dissipation and delay, both, due to wire-charging challenges related to interconnect capacitance. Here we present a silicon photonics-based architecture for convolutional neural networks that harnesses the phase property of light to perform FFTs efficiently by executing the convolution as a multiplication in the Fourier-domain. The algorithmic executing time is determined by the time-of-flight of the signal through this photonic reconfigurable passive FFT filter circuit and is on the order of 10s of picosecond. A sensitivity analysis shows that this optical processor must be thermally phase stabilized corresponding to a few degrees. Furthermore, we find that for a small sample number, the obtainable number of convolutions per {time-power-chip area) outperforms GPUs by about 2 orders of magnitude. Lastly, we show that, conceptually, the optical FFT and convolution-processing performance is indeed directly linked to optoelectronic device-level, and improvements in plasmonics, metamaterials or nanophotonics are fueling next generation densely interconnected intelligent photonic circuits with relevance for edge-computing 5G networks., Comment: Revisions required

Published
2020

7. Nonlinear Analysis of Electrically-coupled Microbeams under Mechanical Shock

Author

Ghommem, Mehdi, Ahmed, Moustafa Adel Sayed, Ghommem, Mehdi, and Ahmed, Moustafa Adel Sayed

Abstract

A Master of Science thesis in Mechanical Engineering by Moustafa Adel Sayed Ahmed entitled, “Nonlinear Analysis of Electrically-coupled Microbeams under Mechanical Shock”, submitted in April 2018. Thesis advisor is Dr. Mehdi Ghommem. Soft and hard copy available., This work presents a theoretical investigation of the dynamic response of electrically-coupled microcantilever beams under the combined effect of squeeze-film damping and mechanical shock for MEMS applications. Several research studies have reported and analyzed the failure of MEMS devices deploying electrically-actuated vibrating beams, such as inertial, bio-mass, and gas sensors, when undergoing mechanical shocks due to the inherent pull-in instability. The sensitivity of the vibrating beams to mechanical shock can also be exploited to design microswitches that are intended to trigger a signal once receiving a mechanical shock to activate safety functionalities, such as airbag systems. We consider two different microsystem designs, namely: single and dual beams, operating at varying conditions. The single-beam system is actuated via a fixed electrode (uncoupled actuation) while the electric actuation of the dual-beam system, comprising two movable microbeams, is achieved by applying a DC and AC voltages among them (coupled actuation). We develop a mathematical model to simulate the dynamic response of the single and dual microbeams while accounting for the Fringing field effect, the squeeze-film damping, and the mechanical shock. The simulation results are in good qualitative and quantitative agreement with those reported in the literature. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the effect of the electric actuation, the initial gap distance, the fluid viscosity, and the beam geometry on the shock response of the microsystem. We observe a significant reduction of 29-36% in the pull-in voltage when considering the dual-beam system in comparison with the single-beam case. The frequency response curves show expanded dynamic pull-in bandwidth when operating the symmetric dual-beam system near the primary resonance. We notice that the dual-beam systems are more robust in terms of resistance to mechanical shock. This shows the suitability of such design for the o, College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering

Published
2018

8. Theoretical analysis of mode-competition noise in modulated laser diodes and its influence on the noise performance of fibre links

Author

Ahmed, Moustafa, Yamda, Minoru, Ahmed, Moustafa, and Yamda, Minoru

Abstract

We analyse mode-competition (MC) noise in sinusoidally modulated laser diodes and assess its contribution to the noise performance of directly modulated fibre links. The noise figure (NF) is used to evaluate the noise performance of the link. The present analyses are based on a multimode rate equation model that takes into account both symmetric and asymmetric suppressions of the cross-modal gain. Variations of the MC relative intensity noise of both the total output and the oscillating modes with modulation conditions are investigated. The obtained results show that regardless of the fact that the non-modulated laser oscillates nearly in single-mode or in two-mode hopping, the modulated laser oscillates in single mode when the signal is continuous, and converts into multimode when the signal is pulsing. The contribution of MC noise to the NF of the link increases with an increase in the modulation depth and with a decrease in the modulation frequency, except when the signal has period doubling. This contribution is negligible under high modulation frequencies when the laser signal is continuous and uniform, and is most enhanced (53dB) under low modulation frequencies when the signal is pulsing and superposed with non-uniform relaxation oscillations. © 2012 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Published
2017

9. Mode oscillation and harmonic distortions associated with sinusoidal modulation of semiconductor lasers

Author

Ahmed, Moustafa, Yamda, Minoru, Ahmed, Moustafa, and Yamda, Minoru

Abstract

This paper investigates mode dynamics, operation characteristics and signal distortions associated with sinusoidal modulation of semiconductor lasers. The study is based on intensive integrations of the multimode rate equation model of semiconductor lasers over wide ranges of the modulation frequency and depth. The rate equations take into account both spectral symmetric and asymmetric suppressions of modal gain. The higher harmonic distortions as well as the half harmonic distortion associated with the period doubling effect are investigated. The study is applied to both cases of single-mode and multimode oscillations of the non-modulated laser. The obtained results showed that the modulated signal has six distinct waveforms depending on the modulation conditions; three types have continuous periodic waveforms and the others have periodic pulsing waveforms. The modulated laser is found to oscillate in a single mode under weak modulation where the modulated signal is continuous, whereas the pulsing signals are associated with multimode oscillation. The higher harmonic distortions of single-mode laser are lower than those of two-mode lasers, and become serious at modulation frequencies around the relaxation oscillation frequency. These distortions are highest when the laser output is pulsating and the pulses are superposed by relaxation oscillations. © EDP Sciences, Società Italiana di Fisica, Springer-Verlag 2012.

Published
2017

10. Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries

Author

Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., Arnaud, Alexis P., Drake, Thomas M., Fitzgerald, J. Edward F., Poenaru, Dan, Bhangu, Aneel, Harrison, Ewen M., Fergusson, Stuart, Glasbey, James C., Khatri, Chetan, Mohan, Midhun, Nepogodiev, Dmitri, Soreide, Kjetil, Gobin, Neel, Freitas, Ana Vega, Hall, Nigel, Kim, Sung-Hee, Negeida, Ahmed, Khairy, Hosni, Jaffry, Zahra, Chapman, Stephen J., Tabiri, Stephen, Recinos, Gustavo, Amandito, Radhian, Shawki, Marwan, Hanrahan, Michael, Pata, Francesco, Zilinskas, Justas, Roslani, April Camilla, Goh, Cheng Chun, Irwin, Gareth, Shu, Sebastian, Luque, Laura, Shiwani, Hunain, Altamimi, Afnan, Alsaggaf, Mohammed Ubaid, Spence, Richard, Rayne, Sarah, Jeyakumar, Jenifa, Cengiz, Yucel, Raptis, Dmitri A., Fermani, Claudio, Balmaceda, Ruben, Marta Modolo, Maria, Macdermid, Ewan, Chenn, Roxanne, Yong, Cheryl Ou, Edye, Michael, Jarmin, Martin, D'amours, Scott K., Iyer, Dushyant, Youssef, Daniel, Phillips, Nicholas, Brown, Jason, Dickfos, Marilla, Mitul, Ashrarur Rahman, Mahmud, Khalid, Oosterkamp, Antje, Assouto, Pamphile A., Lawani, Ismail, Souaibou, Yacoubou Imorou, Devadasar, Giridhar H., Chong, Chean Leung, Qadir, Muhammad Rashid Minhas, Aung, Kyaw Phyo, Yeo, Lee Shi, Castillo, Vanessa Dina Palomino, Munhoz, Monique Moron, Moreira, Gisele, Palomino Castillo, Vanessa Dina, Barros De Castro Segundo, Luiz Carlos, Khouri Ferreira, Salim Anderson, Careta, Maira Cassa, Araujo, Rafael, Menegussi, Juliana, Leal, Marisa, Barroso de Lima, Caio Vinicius, Tatagiba, Luiza Sarmento, Leal, Antonio, Nigo, Samuel, Kabba, Juana, Ngwa, Tagang Ebogo, Brown, James, King, Sebastian, Zani, Augusto, Azzie, Georges, Firdouse, Mohammed, Kushwaha, Sameer, Agarwal, Arnav, Bailey, Karen, Cameron, Brian, Livingston, Michael, Horobjowsky, Alexandre, Deckelbaum, Dan L., Razek, Tarek, Montes, Irene, Sierra, Sebastian, Mendez, Manuela, Isabel Villegas, Maria, Mendoza Arango, Maria Clara, Mendoza, Ivan, Aristiza Ibal, Fred Alexander Naranjo, Montoya Botero, Jaime Andres, Quintero Riaza, Victor Manuel, Restrepo, Jakeline, Morales, Carlos, Cruz, Herman, Munera, Alejandro, Karlo, Robert, Domini, Edgar, Mihanovic, Jakov, Radic, Mihael, Zamarin, Kresimir, Pezelj, Nikica, Khyrallh, Ahmed, Hassan, Ahamed, Shimy, Gamal, Fahmy, Mohamed A. Baky, Nabawi, Ayman, Gohar, Muhammad Saad Ali Muhammad, Elfil, Mohamed, Ghoneem, Mohamed, Gohar, Muhammad El-Saied Ahmad Muhammad, Asal, Mohamed, Abdelkader, Mostafa, Gomah, Mahmoud, Rashwan, Hayssam, Karkeet, Mohamed, Gomaa, Ahmed, Hasan, Amr, Elgebaly, Ahmed, Saleh, Omar, Fattah, Ahmad Abdel, Gouda, Abdullah, Elshafay, Abd Elrahman, Gharib, Abdalla, Hanafy, Mohammed, Al-Mallah, Abdullah, Abdulgawad, Mahmoud, Baheeg, Mohamad, Alhendy, Mohammed, Fattah, Ibrahim Abdel, Kenibar, Abdalla, Osman, Omar, Gemeah, Mostafa, Mohammed, Ahmed, Adel, Abdalrahman, Mesreb, Ahmed Maher Menshawy, Mohammed, Abdelrahman, Sayed, Abdelrahman, Abozaid, Mohamed, Kotb, Ahmed Hafez El-Badri, Ata, Ali Amin Ahmed, Nasr, Mohammed, Alkammash, Abdelrahman, Saeed, Mohammed, El Hamid, Nader Abd, Attia, Attia Mohamed, Abd El Galeel, Ahmed, Elbanby, Eslam, El-Dien, Khalid Salah, Hantour, Usama, Alahmady, Omar, Mansour, Billal, Elkorashy, Amr Muhammad, Taha, Emad Mohamed Saeed, Lasheen, Kholod Tarek, Elkolaly, Salma Said, Abdel-Wahab, Nehal Yosri Elsayed, Abozyed, Mahmoud Ahmed Fathi, Adel, Ahmed, Saeed, Ahmed Moustafa, El Sayed, Gehad Samir, Youssif, Jehad Hassan, Ahmed, Soliman Magdy, El-Shahat, Nermeen Soubhy, Khedr, Abd El-Rahman Hegazy, Elsebaaye, Abdelrhman Osama, Elzayat, Mohamed, Abdelraheim, Mohamed, Elzayat, Ibrahim, Warda, Mahmoud, El Deen, Khaled Naser, Essam, Abdelrhman, Salah, Omar, Abbas, Mohamed, Rashad, Mona, Elzayyat, Ibrahim, Hemeda, Dalia, Tawfik, Gehad, Salama, Mai, Khaled, Hazem, Seisa, Mohamed, Elshaer, Kareem, Hussein, Abdelfatah, Elkhadrawi, Mahmoud, Afifi, Ahmed Mohamed, Ebrahim, Osama Saadeldeen, Metwally, Mahmoud Mohamed, Elmelegy, Rowida, Elsawahly, Diaa Moustafa Elbendary, Safa, Hisham, Nofal, Eman, Elbermawy, Mohamed, Raya, Metwally Abo, Ghazy, Ahmed Abdelmotaleb, Samih, Hisham, Abdelgelil, Asmaa, Abdelghany, Sarah, El Kholy, Ahmed, Elkady, Fatma, Salma, Mahmoud, Samy, Sarah, Fakher, Reem, Aboarab, Aya, Samir, Ahmed, Sakr, Ahmed, Haroun, Abdelrahman, Al-Aarag, Asmaa Abdel-Rahman, Elkholy, Ahmed, Elshanwany, Sally, Ghanem, Esraa, Tammam, Ahmed, Hammad, Ali Mohamed, El Shoura, Yousra, El Ashal, Gehad, Antar, Sarah, Mehrez, Sara, Abdelshafy, Mahmoud, Hamad, Maha Gamal Mohamad, Hosh, Mona, Abdallah, Emad, Magdy, Basma, Alzayat, Thuraya, Gamaly, Elsayed, Elfeki, Hossam, Abouzahra, Amany, Elsheikh, Shereen, Elgendy, Fatimah I., Abd El-Salam, Fathia, Seifelnasr, Osama, Ammar, Mohamed, Eysa, Athar, Sadek, Aliaa, Toeema, Aliaa Gamal, Nasr, Aly, Abuseif, Mohamed, Zidan, Hagar, Barakat, Sara Abd Elmageed, Elsayed, Nadin, Abd Elrasoul, Yasmin, El-Kelany, Ahmed, Ammar, Mohamed Sabry, Mustafa, Mennat-Allah, Makhlouf, Yasmin, Etman, Mohamed, Saad, Samar, Alrahawy, Mahmoud, Raslan, Ahmed, Morsi, Mahmoud, Sabry, Ahmed, Elwakil, Hager, Shaker, Heba, Elkelany, Ahmed, El-Kashef, Hussein, Shaalan, Mohamed, Tarek, Areej, Elwan, Ayman, Nayel, Ahmed Ragab, Seif, Mostafa, Shafik, Doaa Emadeldin, Ghoname, Mohamed Ali, Almallah, Ahmad, Fouad, Ahmed, Sayma, Eman Adel, Elbatahgy, Ahmad, El-Ma'doul, Angham Solaiman, Mosad, Ahmed, Tolba, Hager, Elsorogy, Diaa Eldin Abdelazeem Amin, Mostafa, Hassan Ali, Omar, Amira Atef, Abd El Hameed, Ola Sherief, Lasheen, Ahmed, Abd El Salam, Yasser, Morsi, Ashraf, Ismail, Mohammed, Ahmed, Hager, Amer, Mohamed A., El-Hamouly, Ahmed Sabry, Attallah, Noura, Mosalum, Omnia, Afandy, Ahmed, Mokhtar, Ahmed, Abouelnasr, Alaa, Ayad, Sara, Shaker, Ramdan, Sakr, Rokia, Amreia, Mahmoud, Elsobky, Soaad, Mustafa, Mohamed, El Magd, Ahmed Abo, Marey, Abeer, Tarek, Amr, Fadel, Mohamed, Mohamed, Mohamed Moamen, Fadel, Amr, Ahmed, Emad Ali, Ali, Ahmad, Alwafai, Mohammad Ghassan, Alnawam, Ehab Abdulkader Hemida Ghazy, Dwydar, Abdullah, Kharsa, Sara, Mamdouh, Ehab, El-Sheemy, Hatem, Alyoussef, Ibrahim, Aly, Abouelatta Khairy, Aldalaq, Ahmad, Alnawam, Ehab, Alkhabbaz, Dalia, Saad, Mahmoud, Hussein, Shady, Elazayem, Ahmed Abo, Meshref, Ahmed, Elashmawy, Marwa, Mousa, Mohammed, Nashaat, Ahmad, Ghanem, Sara, Elsayed, Zaynab M., Elwaey, Aya, Elkadsh, Iman, Darweesh, Mariam, Mohameden, Ahmed, Hafez, Mennaallah, Badr, Ahmed, Badwy, Assmaa, Abd El Slam, Mohamed, Elazoul, Mohamed, Al-Nahrawi, Safwat, Eldamaty, Lotfy, Nada, Fathee, Ameen, Mohamed, Hagar, Aya, Elsehimy, Mohamed, Abo-ryia, Mohammad, Dawoud, Hossam, El Mesery, Shorouk, El Gendy, Abeer, Abdelkareem, Ahmed, Marey, Ahmed Safwan, Allam, Mostafa, Shehata, Sherif, Abozeid, Khaled, Elshobary, Marwa, Fahiem, Ahmed, Sarsik, Sameh, Hashish, Amel, Zidan, Mohamed, Hashish, Mohamed, Aql, Shaimaa, Elhendawy, Abdelaziz Osman Abdelaziz, Husseini, Mohamed, Khater, Omar, Kasem, Esraa Abdalmageed, Gheith, Ahmed, Elfouly, Yasmin, Soliman, Ahmed Ragab, Hani, Yasmein, Elfouly, Nesma, Fawzy, Ahmed, Hassan, Ahmed, Rashid, Mohammad, Elsherbiny, Abdallah Salah, Sieda, Basem, Badwi, Nermin Mohamed, Mohammed, Mohammed Mustafa Hassan, Mohamed, Osama, Habeeb, Mohammad Abdulkhalek, Worku, Mengistu, Starr, Nichole, Desta, Semay, Wondimu, Sahlu, Abebe, Nebyou Seyoum, Thomas, Efeson, Asele, Frehun Ayele, Dabessa, Daniel, Abebe, Nebiyou Seyoum, Zerihun, Abebe Bekele, Scalabre, Aurelien, Frade, Fernanda, Irtan, Sabine, Parent, Valentine, Martin, Amandine, Graffeille, Vivien, Gaignard, Elodie, Alimi, Quentin, Abbo, Olivier, Mouttalib, Sofia, Bouali, Ourdia, Hervieux, Erik, Aigrain, Yves, Botto, Nathalie, Faure, Alice, Fievet, Lucile, Panait, Nicoleta, Eyssartier, Emilie, Schmitt, Francoise, Podevin, Guillaume, Muller, Cecile, Bonnard, Arnaud, Peycelon, Matthieu, Abantanga, Francis, Boakye-Yiadom, Kwaku, Bukari, Mohammed, Owusu, Frank, Awuku-Asabre, Joseph, Bray, Lemuel Davies, Lytras, Dimitrios, Psarianos, Kyriakos, Bamicha, Anastasia, Anthoulakis, Christos, Nikoloudis, Nikolaos, Mitroudis, Nikolaos, Estupinian, Sergio, Forno, Walter, Guevara, Romeo, Aguilera, Maria, Mendez, Napoleon, Mendizabal, Cesar Augusto Azmitia, Ramazzini, Pablo, Urquizu, Mario Contreras, Rodriguez, Daniel Estuardo Marroquin, Velsquez, Carlos Ivan Perez, Merida, Sara Maria Contreras, Regalado, Francisco, Lopez, Mario, Siguantay, Miguel, Prasad, S. S., Kirishnan, Anand, Gyanchandani, Nidhi, Bhat, Sriram, Sreedharan, Anjana, Kinnera, S. V., Nadkami, Shravan, Lakshmi, Harish Neelamraju, Malik, Puneet, Bin Mahamood, Abid, Khajanchi, Monty, Satoskar, Savni, Satoskar, Rajeev, Reddy, Yella, Venugopal, Caranj, Kumar, Sunil, Sutanto, Eldaa Prisca Refianti, Soeselo, Daniel Ardian, Tedjaatmadja, Chintya, Rahmawati, Fitriana Nur, Mayasari, Maria, Al-Hasani, Ruqaya Kadhim Mohammed Jawad, Al-Hameedi, Hasan Ismael Ibraheem, Al-Azraqi, Israa Abdullah Aziz, Sabeeh, Lubna, Kamil, Rahma, Rasendran, Amoudtha, Sheehan, Jacqueline, Kerley, Robert, Normile, Caoimhe, Gilbert, Richard William, Song, Jiheon, Mauro, Linnea, Dablouk, Mohammed Osman, Kielty, Paul, Marks, Eleanor, Gosling, Simon, Mccarthy, Michelle, Mirghani, Diya, Naqvi, Syed Altaf, Wong, Chee Siong, Gosling, Simon George, Fahy, Ciara, Cadogan, Diana Duarte, Powell, Anna, Gilbert, Richard, Clifford, Caroline, Driscoll, Aoife, Paul, Stassen, Lee, Chris, Bowe, Ross, Hutch, William, Mohan, Helen, O'Neill, Maeve, Mealy, Kenneth, Danelli, Piergiorgio, Bondurri, Andrea, Maffioli, Anna, Bonavina, Luigi, Macchitella, Yuri, Ceriani, Chiara, Veronese, Ezio, Bortolasi, Luca, Hasheminia, Alireza, Benevento, Angelo, Tessera, Gaetano, Turati, Luca, Sgroi, Giovanni, Rausa, Emanuele, Venskutonis, Donatas, Bradulskis, Saulius, Urbanavicius, Linas, Austraite, Aiste, Riauka, Romualdas, Dambrauskas, Zilvinas, Coomber, Ross, Johnson, Kenneth, Nowers, Jennifer, Periasammy, Dineshwary, Salleh, Afizah, Das, Andre, Tze, Reuben Goh Em, Kumar, Milaksh Nirumal, Abdullah, Nik Azim Nik, Chong, Hoong Yin, Agius, Marija, Borg, Elaine, Bezzina, Maureen, Bugeja, Roberta, Vella-Baldacchino, Martinique, Spina, Andrew, Psaila, Josephine, Francois-Coridon, Helene, Tolg, Cecilia, Colombani, Jean-Francois, Jacobe, Mario, Mapasse, Domingos, Snyder, Elizabeth, Oumer, Ramadan, Osman, Mohammed, Mohammad, Aminu, Anyanwu, Lofty-John, Sheshe, Abdulrahman, Adesina, Alaba, Faturoti, Olubukola, Taiwo, Ogechukwu, Ibrahim, Muhammad Habib, Nasir, Abdulrasheed A., Suleiman, Siyaka Itopa, Adeniyi, Adewale, Adesanya, Opeoluwa, Adebanjo, Ademola, Osuoji, Roland, Atobatele, Kazeem, Ogunyemi, Ayokunle, Wiiliams, Omolara, Oludara, Mobolaji, Oshodi, Olabode, Razzaq, Abdul, Lawal, Oluwagbemiga, Alakaloko, Felix, Elebute, Olumide, Osinowo, Adedapo, Bode, Christopher, Adesuyi, Abidemi, Tade, Adesoji, Adekoya, Adeleke, Nwokoro, Collins, Ayandipo, Omobolaji O., Lawal, Taiwo Akeem, Ajao, Akinlabi E., Ali, Samuel Sani, Odeyemi, Babatunde, Olori, Samson, Popoola, Ademola, Adeyeye, Ademola, Adeniran, James, Lossius, William J., Havemann, Ingemar, Thorsen, Kenneth, Narvestad, Jon Kristian, Wold, Trude Beate, Nymo, Linn, Elsiddig, Mohammed, Dar, Manzoor, Bhopal, Kamran Faisal, Iftikhar, Zainab, Furqan, Muhammad Mohsin, Nighat, Bakhtiar, Jawaid, Masood, Khalique, Abdul, Zil-E-Ali, Ahsan, Rashid, Anam, Aguilar, Wendy Leslie Messa, Chiong, Jose Antonio Cabala, Cecilia, Ana, Bautista, Manchego, Huaman, Eduardo, Zegarra, Sergio, Camacho, Rony, Vergara Celis, Jose Maria, Romani Pozo, Diego Alonso, Hamasaki, Jose, Temoche, Edilberto, Herrera-Matta, Jaime, Garcia Torres, Carla Pierina, Alvarez Barreda, Luis Miguel, Barrionuevo Ojeda, Ronald Renato, Garaycochea, Octavio, Mollo, Melanie Castro, Delgado, Mitchelle Solange De Fa Tima Linares, Fujii, Francisco, Manchego Bautista, Ana Cecilia, Messa Aguilar, Wendy Leslie, Cabala Chiong, Jose Antonio, Aranzabal Durand, Susana Yrma, Arroyo Basto, Carlos Alejandro, Urbina Rojas, Nelson Manuel, Shu Yip, Sebastian Bernardo, Contreras Vergara, Ana Lucia, Rosas Moran, Andrea Echevarria, Borda Luque, Giuliano, Rodriguez Castro, Manuel, Alvarado Jaramillo, Ramon, Sila, George Manrique, Lopez, Crislee Elizabeth, De Leon, Mardelangel Zapata Ponze, Machaca, Massiell, Coasaca Huaraya, Ronald, Arenas, Andy, Herrera Puma, Clara Milagros, Pino, Wilfredo, Hinojosa, Christian, Ponze De Leon, Melanie Zapata, Limache, Susan, Manrrique Sila, George, Mercado Rodriguez, Layza-Alejandra, Sauvat, Frederique, Vida, Lucian Corneliu, Muntean, Liviu Iuliu, Mironescu, Aurel Sandu, Alomar, Ibrahim N., Alnuqaydan, Saleh A., Altwigry, Abdulrahman M., Othman, Moayad, Osman, Nohad, Alqahtani, Enas, Alzahrani, Mohammed, Alyami, Rifan, Aljohani, Emad, Alhabli, Ibrahim, Mikwar, Zaher, Almuallem, Sultan, Nawawi, Abrar, Bakhaidar, Mohamad, Maghrabi, Ashraf A., Alsaggaf, Mohammed, Aljiffry, Murad, Altaf, Abdulmalik, Khoja, Ahmad, Habeebullah, Alaa, Akeel, Nouf, Ghandora, Nashat, Almoflihi, Abdullah, Huwait, Abdulmalik, Al-Shammari, Abeer, Al-Mousa, Mashael, Alghamdi, Masood, Adham, Walid, Albeladi, Bandar, Alfarsi, Muayad Ahmed, Mahdi, Atif, Al Awwad, Saad, Nouh, Thamer, Hassanain, Mazen, Aldhafeeri, Salman, Sadig, Nawal, Algohary, Osama, Aledrisy, Mohannad, Gudal, Ahmad, Alrifaie, Ahmad, AlRowais, Mohammed, Althwainy, Amani, Shabkah, Alaa, Alamoudi, Uthman, Alrajraji, Mawaddah, Alghamdi, Basim, Aljohani, Saud, Daqeeq, Abdullah, Al-Faifi, Jubran J., Jennings, Vicky, Ngayu, Nyawira, Moore, Rachel, Kong, Victor, Sampson, Colleen, Panieri, Eugenio, Tun, Myint, Mphatsoe, Albert Mohale, Carreira, Jo-Anne, Teasdale, Ella, Wagener, Mark, Botes, Stefan, Du Plessis, Danelo, Pagnozzi, Janet, Quezada, Jimy Harold Jara, Rodicio, Jose Luis, Minguez, German, Rodriguez-Uria, Raquel, Ugalde, Paul, Lopez-Arevalo, Camilo, Barneo, Luis, Gonzales Stuva, Jessica Patricia, Aguilar-Jimenez, Jose, Andres Garcia-Marin, Jose, Ortega-Vazquez, Irene, Rodriguez, Lorena, Herrera, Norberto, Arachchi, Prasad Pitigala, Jan, Wanigasekara Senanayake Mudiyanselage Kithsiri, Arachchige, Lalith Asanka Jayasooriya Jayasooriya, Sivaganesh, Sivasuriya, Samaraweera, Dulan Irusha, Thanusan, Vimalakanthan, Musa, Ahmed Elgaili Khalid, Balila, Reem Mohammed Hassan, Mohamed, Mohamed Awad Elkarim Hamad, Ali, Hussein, Elabdin, Hagir Zain, Hassan, Alaa, Mahdi, Sefeldin, Ahmed, Hala, Idris, Sahar Abdoun Ishag, Elsayed, Makki, Elsayed, Mohammed, Mahmoud, Mohamed, Thorarinsdottir, Hildur, Utter, Maria, Sundstrom, Sami Martin, Wredberg, Cecilia, Kjellin, Ann, Nyberg, Johanna, Frisk, Bjorn, Ahlqvist, Sandra, Bjorklund, Ida, Hjertberg, Maria, Sund, Malin, Andersson, Linda, Gunnarsson, Ulf, Royson, Hanna, Weber, Per, Schmid, Roger, Schivo, Debora, Despotidis, Vasileios, Breitenstein, Stefan, Staerkle, Ralph F., Schadde, Erik, Deichsel, Fabian, Gerosa, Alexandra, Nocito, Antonio, Raptis, Dimitri Aristotle, Mijuskovic, Barbara, Zuber, Markus, Eisner, Lukas, Kruspi, Swantje, Reinisch, Katharina Beate, Schoewe, Christin, Novak, Allan, Palma, Adrian F., Teufelberger, Gerfried, Balkan, Ali Zeynel Abidin, Gumar, Mehmet, Yavuz, Mehmet Ali, Karabacak, Ufuk, Lap, Gokhan, Ozkan, Bahar Busra, Adams, Ryan, Morton, Robert, Henderson, Liam, Gratton, Ruth, Clement, Keiran David, Chang, Kate Yu-Ching, McNish, David, McIntosh, Ryan, Milligan, William, Skelly, Brendan, Anderson-Knight, Hannah, Lawther, Roger, Onimowo, Jemina, Shatkar, Veereanna, Tharmalingam, Shivanee, Woin, Evelina, Fautz, Tessa, Ziff, Oliver, Dindyal, Shiva, Arman, Sam, Talukder, Shagorika, Gadhvi, Vijay, Chew, Luen Shaun, Heath, Jonathan, Mannu, Gurdeep Singh, Zachariades, Dimitris-Christos, Snaith, Ailsa Claire, Hettiarachchi, Thusitha Sampath, Nesaratnam, Arjun, Wheeler, James, Sykes, Mark, Behar, Nebil, Jordan, Harriet, Arulampalam, Tan, Shah, Apar, Brown, Damien, Blower, Emma, Sutton, Paul, Gasteratos, Konstantinos, Vimalachandran, Dale, Magee, Cathy, Mcguigan, Andrew, Mcaleer, Stephen, Morgan, Clare, Braungart, Sarah, Lafferty, Kirsten, Labib, Peter, Tanase, Andrei, Mangan, Clodagh, Reza, Lillian, Woodward, Helen, Gouldthorpe, Craig, Turner, Megan, Wild, Jonathan R. L., Malik, Tom Am, Proctor, Victoria K., Hewage, Kalon, Davies, James, Dubois, Andre, Sarwary, Sayed, Zardab, Ali, Grant, Alan, Mcintyre, Robert, Tewari, Shirish, Humm, Gemma, Farinella, Eriberto, Parthiban, Sunil, Hall, Nigel J., Wright, Naomi J., Major, Christina P., Xerri, Thelma, De Bono, Phoebe, Amin, Jasim, Farhad, Mustafa, Camilleri-Brennan, John F., Robertson, Andrew G. N., Swann, Joanna, Richards, James, Jabbar, Aijaz, Attard, Myranda, Burns, Hannah, Macdonald, Euan, Baldacchino, Matthew, Skehan, Jennifer, Camilleri-Brennan, Julian, Hall, Tom Falconer, Gimzewska, Madelaine, Mclachlan, Greta, Shah, Jamie, Giles, James, Hassan, Maleeha, Beasley, William, Vlachogiorgos, Apostolos, Dias, Stephen, Maharaj, Geta, McDonald, Rosie, Cross, Kate, Rees, Clare M., Van Duren, Bernard, Upchurch, Emma, Karandikar, Sharad, Bowley, Doug, Karim, Ahmed, Chachulski, Witold, Richardson, Liam, Dawnay, Giles, Thompson, Ben, Mistry, Ajayesh, Ghetia, Millika, Roy, Sudipta, Al-Obaedi, Ossama, Das, Kaustuv, Prabhudesai, Ash, Cocker, D. M., Tan, Jessica Juliana, Vivekanantham, Sayinthen, Gillespie, Michael, Gudlaugsdottir, Katrin, Pezas, Theodore, Currow, Chelise, Kim, Matthew Young-Han, Salama, Yahya, Shah, Rohi, Ibrahem, Ahmad Aboelkassem, Ebdewi, Hamdi, Gravante, Gianpiero, El-Rabaa, Saleem, Chan, Zoe, Hassan, Zaffar, Makinde, Misty, Hemingway, David, Dean, Ramzana, Boddy, Alexander, Aber, Ahmed, Patel, Vijay, Kotecha, Deevia, Ubhi, Harmony Kaur, Hosein, Simon-Peter, Ward, Simon, Malik, Kamran, Jennings, Leifa, Newton, Tom, Alkhouri, Mirna, Kang, Min Kyu, Houlden, Christopher, Barry, Jonathan, Wilson, Michael S. J., Neo, Yan Ning, Ibrahim, Ibrahim, Chan, Emily, Peck, Fraser S., Lim, Pei J., North, Alexander S., Blundell, Rebecca, Williamson, Adam, Fouad, Dina, Minocha, Ashish, Mccarthy, Kathryn, Court, Emma, Chambers, Alice, Yee, Jenna, Tham, Ji Chung, Beaton, Ceri, Walsh, Una, Lockey, Joseph, Bokhari, Salman, Howells, Lara, Griffiths, Megan, Yallop, Laura, Singh, Shailinder, Nasher, Omar, Jackson, Paul, Ramzi, Saed, Zeidan, Shady, Doughty, Jennifer, Sinha, Sidhartha, Davenport, Ross, Lewis, Jason, Duffy, Leo, Mcaleer, Elizabeth, Williams, Eleanor, Obute, Rhalumi Daniel, Glover, Thomas E., Clark, David J., Boshnaq, Mohamed, Akhtar, Mansoor, Capleton, Pascale, Doughan, Samer, Rabie, Mohamed, Mohamed, Ismail, Samuel, Duncan, Dickson, Lauren, Kennedy, Matthew, Dempster, Eleanor, Brown, Emma, Maple, Natalie, Monaghan, Eimear, Wolf, Bernhard, Garland, Alicia, Lund, Jonathan, Boereboom, Catherine, Murphy, Jennifer, Tierney, Gillian, Tou, Samson, Zimmermann, Eleanor Franziska, Smart, Neil James, Warwick, Andrea Marie, Stasinou, Theodora, Daniels, Ian, Findlay-Cooper, Kim, Mitrasinovic, Stefan, Ray, Swayamjyoti, Varcada, Massimo, D'souza, Rovan, Omara, Sharif, Boyce, Tamsin, Whewell, Harriet, Jones, Elin, Ma, Jennifer, Abington, Emily, Ramcharn, Meera, Williams, Gethin, Winstanley, Joseph, Kennedy, Ewan D., Yeung, Emily N. W., Fergusson, Stuart J., Jones, Catrin, O'neill, Stephen, Lim, Shujing Jane, Liew, Ignatius, Nair, Hari, Fairfield, Cameron, Oh, Julia, Koh, Samantha, Wilson, Andrew, Fairfield, Catherine, Th'ng, Francesca, Robertson, Nichola, Anandkumar, Delran, Kirupagaran, Ashok, Jones, Timothy F., Torrance, Hew D., Fowler, Alexander J., Chandrakumar, Charmilie, Patel, Priyank, Ashraf, Syed Faaz, Lakhani, Sonam M., Mclean, Aaron Lawson, Basson, Sonia, Batt, Jeremy, Bowman, Catriona, Stoddart, Michael, Benons, Natasha, Barker, Tom, Summerour, Virginia, Harper, Edward, Smith, Caroline, Hampton, Matthew, Mckechnie, Doug, Farah, Ayaan, Chun, Anita, Pereira, Bernadette, Nemeth, Kristof, Decker, Emily, Giuliani, Stefano, Shalaby, Aly, Szczap, Aleksandra, Chidambaram, Swathikan, Chen, Chee Yang, Kulasabanathan, Kavian, Chhabra, Srishti, Kostov, Elisabeth, Harbord, Philippe, Barnacle, James, Palliyil, Madan Mohan, Zikry, Mina, Porter, Johnathan, Raslan, Charef, Hafiz, Shazia, Soltani, Niksa, Baillie, Katie, Mirza, Ahmad, Saeed, Haroon, Galloway, Simon, Elena, Gia, Afzal, Mohammad, Zakir, Mohamed, Sodde, Peter, Hand, Charles, Sriram, Aiesha, Clark, Tamsyn, Holton, Patrick, Livesey, Amy, Sinha, Yashashwi, Iqbal, Fahad Mujtaba, Bharj, Indervir Singh, Rotundo, Adriana, Jenvey, Cara, Slade, Robert, Golding, David, Haines, Samuel, Abdullah, Ali Adel Ne'ma, Tilston, Thomas W., Loughran, Dafydd, Donoghue, Danielle, Giacci, Lorenzo, Sherif, Mohamed Ashur, Harrison, Peter, Tang, Alethea, Elshaer, Mohamed, Urbonas, Tomas, Riaz, Amjid, Chapman, Annie, Acharya, Parisha, Shalhoub, Joseph, Grossart, Cathleen, McMorran, David, Mlotshwa, Makhosini, Hawkins, William, Loizides, Sofronis, Thomson, Peter, Khan, Shahab, Taylor, Fiona, Shukla, Jalak, Howie, Emma Elizabeth, Macdonald, Linda, Komolafe, Olusegun, Mcintyre, Neil, Cragg, James, Parker, Jody, Stewart, Duncan, Lintin, Luke, Tracy, Julia, Farooq, Tahir, Sion, Melanie, Weinstein, Michael S., Punja, Viren, Bugaev, Nikolay, Goodstein, Monica, Razmdjou, Shadi, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., Arnaud, Alexis P., Drake, Thomas M., Fitzgerald, J. Edward F., Poenaru, Dan, Bhangu, Aneel, Harrison, Ewen M., Fergusson, Stuart, Glasbey, James C., Khatri, Chetan, Mohan, Midhun, Nepogodiev, Dmitri, Soreide, Kjetil, Gobin, Neel, Freitas, Ana Vega, Hall, Nigel, Kim, Sung-Hee, Negeida, Ahmed, Khairy, Hosni, Jaffry, Zahra, Chapman, Stephen J., Tabiri, Stephen, Recinos, Gustavo, Amandito, Radhian, Shawki, Marwan, Hanrahan, Michael, Pata, Francesco, Zilinskas, Justas, Roslani, April Camilla, Goh, Cheng Chun, Irwin, Gareth, Shu, Sebastian, Luque, Laura, Shiwani, Hunain, Altamimi, Afnan, Alsaggaf, Mohammed Ubaid, Spence, Richard, Rayne, Sarah, Jeyakumar, Jenifa, Cengiz, Yucel, Raptis, Dmitri A., Fermani, Claudio, Balmaceda, Ruben, Marta Modolo, Maria, Macdermid, Ewan, Chenn, Roxanne, Yong, Cheryl Ou, Edye, Michael, Jarmin, Martin, D'amours, Scott K., Iyer, Dushyant, Youssef, Daniel, Phillips, Nicholas, Brown, Jason, Dickfos, Marilla, Mitul, Ashrarur Rahman, Mahmud, Khalid, Oosterkamp, Antje, Assouto, Pamphile A., Lawani, Ismail, Souaibou, Yacoubou Imorou, Devadasar, Giridhar H., Chong, Chean Leung, Qadir, Muhammad Rashid Minhas, Aung, Kyaw Phyo, Yeo, Lee Shi, Castillo, Vanessa Dina Palomino, Munhoz, Monique Moron, Moreira, Gisele, Palomino Castillo, Vanessa Dina, Barros De Castro Segundo, Luiz Carlos, Khouri Ferreira, Salim Anderson, Careta, Maira Cassa, Araujo, Rafael, Menegussi, Juliana, Leal, Marisa, Barroso de Lima, Caio Vinicius, Tatagiba, Luiza Sarmento, Leal, Antonio, Nigo, Samuel, Kabba, Juana, Ngwa, Tagang Ebogo, Brown, James, King, Sebastian, Zani, Augusto, Azzie, Georges, Firdouse, Mohammed, Kushwaha, Sameer, Agarwal, Arnav, Bailey, Karen, Cameron, Brian, Livingston, Michael, Horobjowsky, Alexandre, Deckelbaum, Dan L., Razek, Tarek, Montes, Irene, Sierra, Sebastian, Mendez, Manuela, Isabel Villegas, Maria, Mendoza Arango, Maria Clara, Mendoza, Ivan, Aristiza Ibal, Fred Alexander Naranjo, Montoya Botero, Jaime Andres, Quintero Riaza, Victor Manuel, Restrepo, Jakeline, Morales, Carlos, Cruz, Herman, Munera, Alejandro, Karlo, Robert, Domini, Edgar, Mihanovic, Jakov, Radic, Mihael, Zamarin, Kresimir, Pezelj, Nikica, Khyrallh, Ahmed, Hassan, Ahamed, Shimy, Gamal, Fahmy, Mohamed A. Baky, Nabawi, Ayman, Gohar, Muhammad Saad Ali Muhammad, Elfil, Mohamed, Ghoneem, Mohamed, Gohar, Muhammad El-Saied Ahmad Muhammad, Asal, Mohamed, Abdelkader, Mostafa, Gomah, Mahmoud, Rashwan, Hayssam, Karkeet, Mohamed, Gomaa, Ahmed, Hasan, Amr, Elgebaly, Ahmed, Saleh, Omar, Fattah, Ahmad Abdel, Gouda, Abdullah, Elshafay, Abd Elrahman, Gharib, Abdalla, Hanafy, Mohammed, Al-Mallah, Abdullah, Abdulgawad, Mahmoud, Baheeg, Mohamad, Alhendy, Mohammed, Fattah, Ibrahim Abdel, Kenibar, Abdalla, Osman, Omar, Gemeah, Mostafa, Mohammed, Ahmed, Adel, Abdalrahman, Mesreb, Ahmed Maher Menshawy, Mohammed, Abdelrahman, Sayed, Abdelrahman, Abozaid, Mohamed, Kotb, Ahmed Hafez El-Badri, Ata, Ali Amin Ahmed, Nasr, Mohammed, Alkammash, Abdelrahman, Saeed, Mohammed, El Hamid, Nader Abd, Attia, Attia Mohamed, Abd El Galeel, Ahmed, Elbanby, Eslam, El-Dien, Khalid Salah, Hantour, Usama, Alahmady, Omar, Mansour, Billal, Elkorashy, Amr Muhammad, Taha, Emad Mohamed Saeed, Lasheen, Kholod Tarek, Elkolaly, Salma Said, Abdel-Wahab, Nehal Yosri Elsayed, Abozyed, Mahmoud Ahmed Fathi, Adel, Ahmed, Saeed, Ahmed Moustafa, El Sayed, Gehad Samir, Youssif, Jehad Hassan, Ahmed, Soliman Magdy, El-Shahat, Nermeen Soubhy, Khedr, Abd El-Rahman Hegazy, Elsebaaye, Abdelrhman Osama, Elzayat, Mohamed, Abdelraheim, Mohamed, Elzayat, Ibrahim, Warda, Mahmoud, El Deen, Khaled Naser, Essam, Abdelrhman, Salah, Omar, Abbas, Mohamed, Rashad, Mona, Elzayyat, Ibrahim, Hemeda, Dalia, Tawfik, Gehad, Salama, Mai, Khaled, Hazem, Seisa, Mohamed, Elshaer, Kareem, Hussein, Abdelfatah, Elkhadrawi, Mahmoud, Afifi, Ahmed Mohamed, Ebrahim, Osama Saadeldeen, Metwally, Mahmoud Mohamed, Elmelegy, Rowida, Elsawahly, Diaa Moustafa Elbendary, Safa, Hisham, Nofal, Eman, Elbermawy, Mohamed, Raya, Metwally Abo, Ghazy, Ahmed Abdelmotaleb, Samih, Hisham, Abdelgelil, Asmaa, Abdelghany, Sarah, El Kholy, Ahmed, Elkady, Fatma, Salma, Mahmoud, Samy, Sarah, Fakher, Reem, Aboarab, Aya, Samir, Ahmed, Sakr, Ahmed, Haroun, Abdelrahman, Al-Aarag, Asmaa Abdel-Rahman, Elkholy, Ahmed, Elshanwany, Sally, Ghanem, Esraa, Tammam, Ahmed, Hammad, Ali Mohamed, El Shoura, Yousra, El Ashal, Gehad, Antar, Sarah, Mehrez, Sara, Abdelshafy, Mahmoud, Hamad, Maha Gamal Mohamad, Hosh, Mona, Abdallah, Emad, Magdy, Basma, Alzayat, Thuraya, Gamaly, Elsayed, Elfeki, Hossam, Abouzahra, Amany, Elsheikh, Shereen, Elgendy, Fatimah I., Abd El-Salam, Fathia, Seifelnasr, Osama, Ammar, Mohamed, Eysa, Athar, Sadek, Aliaa, Toeema, Aliaa Gamal, Nasr, Aly, Abuseif, Mohamed, Zidan, Hagar, Barakat, Sara Abd Elmageed, Elsayed, Nadin, Abd Elrasoul, Yasmin, El-Kelany, Ahmed, Ammar, Mohamed Sabry, Mustafa, Mennat-Allah, Makhlouf, Yasmin, Etman, Mohamed, Saad, Samar, Alrahawy, Mahmoud, Raslan, Ahmed, Morsi, Mahmoud, Sabry, Ahmed, Elwakil, Hager, Shaker, Heba, Elkelany, Ahmed, El-Kashef, Hussein, Shaalan, Mohamed, Tarek, Areej, Elwan, Ayman, Nayel, Ahmed Ragab, Seif, Mostafa, Shafik, Doaa Emadeldin, Ghoname, Mohamed Ali, Almallah, Ahmad, Fouad, Ahmed, Sayma, Eman Adel, Elbatahgy, Ahmad, El-Ma'doul, Angham Solaiman, Mosad, Ahmed, Tolba, Hager, Elsorogy, Diaa Eldin Abdelazeem Amin, Mostafa, Hassan Ali, Omar, Amira Atef, Abd El Hameed, Ola Sherief, Lasheen, Ahmed, Abd El Salam, Yasser, Morsi, Ashraf, Ismail, Mohammed, Ahmed, Hager, Amer, Mohamed A., El-Hamouly, Ahmed Sabry, Attallah, Noura, Mosalum, Omnia, Afandy, Ahmed, Mokhtar, Ahmed, Abouelnasr, Alaa, Ayad, Sara, Shaker, Ramdan, Sakr, Rokia, Amreia, Mahmoud, Elsobky, Soaad, Mustafa, Mohamed, El Magd, Ahmed Abo, Marey, Abeer, Tarek, Amr, Fadel, Mohamed, Mohamed, Mohamed Moamen, Fadel, Amr, Ahmed, Emad Ali, Ali, Ahmad, Alwafai, Mohammad Ghassan, Alnawam, Ehab Abdulkader Hemida Ghazy, Dwydar, Abdullah, Kharsa, Sara, Mamdouh, Ehab, El-Sheemy, Hatem, Alyoussef, Ibrahim, Aly, Abouelatta Khairy, Aldalaq, Ahmad, Alnawam, Ehab, Alkhabbaz, Dalia, Saad, Mahmoud, Hussein, Shady, Elazayem, Ahmed Abo, Meshref, Ahmed, Elashmawy, Marwa, Mousa, Mohammed, Nashaat, Ahmad, Ghanem, Sara, Elsayed, Zaynab M., Elwaey, Aya, Elkadsh, Iman, Darweesh, Mariam, Mohameden, Ahmed, Hafez, Mennaallah, Badr, Ahmed, Badwy, Assmaa, Abd El Slam, Mohamed, Elazoul, Mohamed, Al-Nahrawi, Safwat, Eldamaty, Lotfy, Nada, Fathee, Ameen, Mohamed, Hagar, Aya, Elsehimy, Mohamed, Abo-ryia, Mohammad, Dawoud, Hossam, El Mesery, Shorouk, El Gendy, Abeer, Abdelkareem, Ahmed, Marey, Ahmed Safwan, Allam, Mostafa, Shehata, Sherif, Abozeid, Khaled, Elshobary, Marwa, Fahiem, Ahmed, Sarsik, Sameh, Hashish, Amel, Zidan, Mohamed, Hashish, Mohamed, Aql, Shaimaa, Elhendawy, Abdelaziz Osman Abdelaziz, Husseini, Mohamed, Khater, Omar, Kasem, Esraa Abdalmageed, Gheith, Ahmed, Elfouly, Yasmin, Soliman, Ahmed Ragab, Hani, Yasmein, Elfouly, Nesma, Fawzy, Ahmed, Hassan, Ahmed, Rashid, Mohammad, Elsherbiny, Abdallah Salah, Sieda, Basem, Badwi, Nermin Mohamed, Mohammed, Mohammed Mustafa Hassan, Mohamed, Osama, Habeeb, Mohammad Abdulkhalek, Worku, Mengistu, Starr, Nichole, Desta, Semay, Wondimu, Sahlu, Abebe, Nebyou Seyoum, Thomas, Efeson, Asele, Frehun Ayele, Dabessa, Daniel, Abebe, Nebiyou Seyoum, Zerihun, Abebe Bekele, Scalabre, Aurelien, Frade, Fernanda, Irtan, Sabine, Parent, Valentine, Martin, Amandine, Graffeille, Vivien, Gaignard, Elodie, Alimi, Quentin, Abbo, Olivier, Mouttalib, Sofia, Bouali, Ourdia, Hervieux, Erik, Aigrain, Yves, Botto, Nathalie, Faure, Alice, Fievet, Lucile, Panait, Nicoleta, Eyssartier, Emilie, Schmitt, Francoise, Podevin, Guillaume, Muller, Cecile, Bonnard, Arnaud, Peycelon, Matthieu, Abantanga, Francis, Boakye-Yiadom, Kwaku, Bukari, Mohammed, Owusu, Frank, Awuku-Asabre, Joseph, Bray, Lemuel Davies, Lytras, Dimitrios, Psarianos, Kyriakos, Bamicha, Anastasia, Anthoulakis, Christos, Nikoloudis, Nikolaos, Mitroudis, Nikolaos, Estupinian, Sergio, Forno, Walter, Guevara, Romeo, Aguilera, Maria, Mendez, Napoleon, Mendizabal, Cesar Augusto Azmitia, Ramazzini, Pablo, Urquizu, Mario Contreras, Rodriguez, Daniel Estuardo Marroquin, Velsquez, Carlos Ivan Perez, Merida, Sara Maria Contreras, Regalado, Francisco, Lopez, Mario, Siguantay, Miguel, Prasad, S. S., Kirishnan, Anand, Gyanchandani, Nidhi, Bhat, Sriram, Sreedharan, Anjana, Kinnera, S. V., Nadkami, Shravan, Lakshmi, Harish Neelamraju, Malik, Puneet, Bin Mahamood, Abid, Khajanchi, Monty, Satoskar, Savni, Satoskar, Rajeev, Reddy, Yella, Venugopal, Caranj, Kumar, Sunil, Sutanto, Eldaa Prisca Refianti, Soeselo, Daniel Ardian, Tedjaatmadja, Chintya, Rahmawati, Fitriana Nur, Mayasari, Maria, Al-Hasani, Ruqaya Kadhim Mohammed Jawad, Al-Hameedi, Hasan Ismael Ibraheem, Al-Azraqi, Israa Abdullah Aziz, Sabeeh, Lubna, Kamil, Rahma, Rasendran, Amoudtha, Sheehan, Jacqueline, Kerley, Robert, Normile, Caoimhe, Gilbert, Richard William, Song, Jiheon, Mauro, Linnea, Dablouk, Mohammed Osman, Kielty, Paul, Marks, Eleanor, Gosling, Simon, Mccarthy, Michelle, Mirghani, Diya, Naqvi, Syed Altaf, Wong, Chee Siong, Gosling, Simon George, Fahy, Ciara, Cadogan, Diana Duarte, Powell, Anna, Gilbert, Richard, Clifford, Caroline, Driscoll, Aoife, Paul, Stassen, Lee, Chris, Bowe, Ross, Hutch, William, Mohan, Helen, O'Neill, Maeve, Mealy, Kenneth, Danelli, Piergiorgio, Bondurri, Andrea, Maffioli, Anna, Bonavina, Luigi, Macchitella, Yuri, Ceriani, Chiara, Veronese, Ezio, Bortolasi, Luca, Hasheminia, Alireza, Benevento, Angelo, Tessera, Gaetano, Turati, Luca, Sgroi, Giovanni, Rausa, Emanuele, Venskutonis, Donatas, Bradulskis, Saulius, Urbanavicius, Linas, Austraite, Aiste, Riauka, Romualdas, Dambrauskas, Zilvinas, Coomber, Ross, Johnson, Kenneth, Nowers, Jennifer, Periasammy, Dineshwary, Salleh, Afizah, Das, Andre, Tze, Reuben Goh Em, Kumar, Milaksh Nirumal, Abdullah, Nik Azim Nik, Chong, Hoong Yin, Agius, Marija, Borg, Elaine, Bezzina, Maureen, Bugeja, Roberta, Vella-Baldacchino, Martinique, Spina, Andrew, Psaila, Josephine, Francois-Coridon, Helene, Tolg, Cecilia, Colombani, Jean-Francois, Jacobe, Mario, Mapasse, Domingos, Snyder, Elizabeth, Oumer, Ramadan, Osman, Mohammed, Mohammad, Aminu, Anyanwu, Lofty-John, Sheshe, Abdulrahman, Adesina, Alaba, Faturoti, Olubukola, Taiwo, Ogechukwu, Ibrahim, Muhammad Habib, Nasir, Abdulrasheed A., Suleiman, Siyaka Itopa, Adeniyi, Adewale, Adesanya, Opeoluwa, Adebanjo, Ademola, Osuoji, Roland, Atobatele, Kazeem, Ogunyemi, Ayokunle, Wiiliams, Omolara, Oludara, Mobolaji, Oshodi, Olabode, Razzaq, Abdul, Lawal, Oluwagbemiga, Alakaloko, Felix, Elebute, Olumide, Osinowo, Adedapo, Bode, Christopher, Adesuyi, Abidemi, Tade, Adesoji, Adekoya, Adeleke, Nwokoro, Collins, Ayandipo, Omobolaji O., Lawal, Taiwo Akeem, Ajao, Akinlabi E., Ali, Samuel Sani, Odeyemi, Babatunde, Olori, Samson, Popoola, Ademola, Adeyeye, Ademola, Adeniran, James, Lossius, William J., Havemann, Ingemar, Thorsen, Kenneth, Narvestad, Jon Kristian, Wold, Trude Beate, Nymo, Linn, Elsiddig, Mohammed, Dar, Manzoor, Bhopal, Kamran Faisal, Iftikhar, Zainab, Furqan, Muhammad Mohsin, Nighat, Bakhtiar, Jawaid, Masood, Khalique, Abdul, Zil-E-Ali, Ahsan, Rashid, Anam, Aguilar, Wendy Leslie Messa, Chiong, Jose Antonio Cabala, Cecilia, Ana, Bautista, Manchego, Huaman, Eduardo, Zegarra, Sergio, Camacho, Rony, Vergara Celis, Jose Maria, Romani Pozo, Diego Alonso, Hamasaki, Jose, Temoche, Edilberto, Herrera-Matta, Jaime, Garcia Torres, Carla Pierina, Alvarez Barreda, Luis Miguel, Barrionuevo Ojeda, Ronald Renato, Garaycochea, Octavio, Mollo, Melanie Castro, Delgado, Mitchelle Solange De Fa Tima Linares, Fujii, Francisco, Manchego Bautista, Ana Cecilia, Messa Aguilar, Wendy Leslie, Cabala Chiong, Jose Antonio, Aranzabal Durand, Susana Yrma, Arroyo Basto, Carlos Alejandro, Urbina Rojas, Nelson Manuel, Shu Yip, Sebastian Bernardo, Contreras Vergara, Ana Lucia, Rosas Moran, Andrea Echevarria, Borda Luque, Giuliano, Rodriguez Castro, Manuel, Alvarado Jaramillo, Ramon, Sila, George Manrique, Lopez, Crislee Elizabeth, De Leon, Mardelangel Zapata Ponze, Machaca, Massiell, Coasaca Huaraya, Ronald, Arenas, Andy, Herrera Puma, Clara Milagros, Pino, Wilfredo, Hinojosa, Christian, Ponze De Leon, Melanie Zapata, Limache, Susan, Manrrique Sila, George, Mercado Rodriguez, Layza-Alejandra, Sauvat, Frederique, Vida, Lucian Corneliu, Muntean, Liviu Iuliu, Mironescu, Aurel Sandu, Alomar, Ibrahim N., Alnuqaydan, Saleh A., Altwigry, Abdulrahman M., Othman, Moayad, Osman, Nohad, Alqahtani, Enas, Alzahrani, Mohammed, Alyami, Rifan, Aljohani, Emad, Alhabli, Ibrahim, Mikwar, Zaher, Almuallem, Sultan, Nawawi, Abrar, Bakhaidar, Mohamad, Maghrabi, Ashraf A., Alsaggaf, Mohammed, Aljiffry, Murad, Altaf, Abdulmalik, Khoja, Ahmad, Habeebullah, Alaa, Akeel, Nouf, Ghandora, Nashat, Almoflihi, Abdullah, Huwait, Abdulmalik, Al-Shammari, Abeer, Al-Mousa, Mashael, Alghamdi, Masood, Adham, Walid, Albeladi, Bandar, Alfarsi, Muayad Ahmed, Mahdi, Atif, Al Awwad, Saad, Nouh, Thamer, Hassanain, Mazen, Aldhafeeri, Salman, Sadig, Nawal, Algohary, Osama, Aledrisy, Mohannad, Gudal, Ahmad, Alrifaie, Ahmad, AlRowais, Mohammed, Althwainy, Amani, Shabkah, Alaa, Alamoudi, Uthman, Alrajraji, Mawaddah, Alghamdi, Basim, Aljohani, Saud, Daqeeq, Abdullah, Al-Faifi, Jubran J., Jennings, Vicky, Ngayu, Nyawira, Moore, Rachel, Kong, Victor, Sampson, Colleen, Panieri, Eugenio, Tun, Myint, Mphatsoe, Albert Mohale, Carreira, Jo-Anne, Teasdale, Ella, Wagener, Mark, Botes, Stefan, Du Plessis, Danelo, Pagnozzi, Janet, Quezada, Jimy Harold Jara, Rodicio, Jose Luis, Minguez, German, Rodriguez-Uria, Raquel, Ugalde, Paul, Lopez-Arevalo, Camilo, Barneo, Luis, Gonzales Stuva, Jessica Patricia, Aguilar-Jimenez, Jose, Andres Garcia-Marin, Jose, Ortega-Vazquez, Irene, Rodriguez, Lorena, Herrera, Norberto, Arachchi, Prasad Pitigala, Jan, Wanigasekara Senanayake Mudiyanselage Kithsiri, Arachchige, Lalith Asanka Jayasooriya Jayasooriya, Sivaganesh, Sivasuriya, Samaraweera, Dulan Irusha, Thanusan, Vimalakanthan, Musa, Ahmed Elgaili Khalid, Balila, Reem Mohammed Hassan, Mohamed, Mohamed Awad Elkarim Hamad, Ali, Hussein, Elabdin, Hagir Zain, Hassan, Alaa, Mahdi, Sefeldin, Ahmed, Hala, Idris, Sahar Abdoun Ishag, Elsayed, Makki, Elsayed, Mohammed, Mahmoud, Mohamed, Thorarinsdottir, Hildur, Utter, Maria, Sundstrom, Sami Martin, Wredberg, Cecilia, Kjellin, Ann, Nyberg, Johanna, Frisk, Bjorn, Ahlqvist, Sandra, Bjorklund, Ida, Hjertberg, Maria, Sund, Malin, Andersson, Linda, Gunnarsson, Ulf, Royson, Hanna, Weber, Per, Schmid, Roger, Schivo, Debora, Despotidis, Vasileios, Breitenstein, Stefan, Staerkle, Ralph F., Schadde, Erik, Deichsel, Fabian, Gerosa, Alexandra, Nocito, Antonio, Raptis, Dimitri Aristotle, Mijuskovic, Barbara, Zuber, Markus, Eisner, Lukas, Kruspi, Swantje, Reinisch, Katharina Beate, Schoewe, Christin, Novak, Allan, Palma, Adrian F., Teufelberger, Gerfried, Balkan, Ali Zeynel Abidin, Gumar, Mehmet, Yavuz, Mehmet Ali, Karabacak, Ufuk, Lap, Gokhan, Ozkan, Bahar Busra, Adams, Ryan, Morton, Robert, Henderson, Liam, Gratton, Ruth, Clement, Keiran David, Chang, Kate Yu-Ching, McNish, David, McIntosh, Ryan, Milligan, William, Skelly, Brendan, Anderson-Knight, Hannah, Lawther, Roger, Onimowo, Jemina, Shatkar, Veereanna, Tharmalingam, Shivanee, Woin, Evelina, Fautz, Tessa, Ziff, Oliver, Dindyal, Shiva, Arman, Sam, Talukder, Shagorika, Gadhvi, Vijay, Chew, Luen Shaun, Heath, Jonathan, Mannu, Gurdeep Singh, Zachariades, Dimitris-Christos, Snaith, Ailsa Claire, Hettiarachchi, Thusitha Sampath, Nesaratnam, Arjun, Wheeler, James, Sykes, Mark, Behar, Nebil, Jordan, Harriet, Arulampalam, Tan, Shah, Apar, Brown, Damien, Blower, Emma, Sutton, Paul, Gasteratos, Konstantinos, Vimalachandran, Dale, Magee, Cathy, Mcguigan, Andrew, Mcaleer, Stephen, Morgan, Clare, Braungart, Sarah, Lafferty, Kirsten, Labib, Peter, Tanase, Andrei, Mangan, Clodagh, Reza, Lillian, Woodward, Helen, Gouldthorpe, Craig, Turner, Megan, Wild, Jonathan R. L., Malik, Tom Am, Proctor, Victoria K., Hewage, Kalon, Davies, James, Dubois, Andre, Sarwary, Sayed, Zardab, Ali, Grant, Alan, Mcintyre, Robert, Tewari, Shirish, Humm, Gemma, Farinella, Eriberto, Parthiban, Sunil, Hall, Nigel J., Wright, Naomi J., Major, Christina P., Xerri, Thelma, De Bono, Phoebe, Amin, Jasim, Farhad, Mustafa, Camilleri-Brennan, John F., Robertson, Andrew G. N., Swann, Joanna, Richards, James, Jabbar, Aijaz, Attard, Myranda, Burns, Hannah, Macdonald, Euan, Baldacchino, Matthew, Skehan, Jennifer, Camilleri-Brennan, Julian, Hall, Tom Falconer, Gimzewska, Madelaine, Mclachlan, Greta, Shah, Jamie, Giles, James, Hassan, Maleeha, Beasley, William, Vlachogiorgos, Apostolos, Dias, Stephen, Maharaj, Geta, McDonald, Rosie, Cross, Kate, Rees, Clare M., Van Duren, Bernard, Upchurch, Emma, Karandikar, Sharad, Bowley, Doug, Karim, Ahmed, Chachulski, Witold, Richardson, Liam, Dawnay, Giles, Thompson, Ben, Mistry, Ajayesh, Ghetia, Millika, Roy, Sudipta, Al-Obaedi, Ossama, Das, Kaustuv, Prabhudesai, Ash, Cocker, D. M., Tan, Jessica Juliana, Vivekanantham, Sayinthen, Gillespie, Michael, Gudlaugsdottir, Katrin, Pezas, Theodore, Currow, Chelise, Kim, Matthew Young-Han, Salama, Yahya, Shah, Rohi, Ibrahem, Ahmad Aboelkassem, Ebdewi, Hamdi, Gravante, Gianpiero, El-Rabaa, Saleem, Chan, Zoe, Hassan, Zaffar, Makinde, Misty, Hemingway, David, Dean, Ramzana, Boddy, Alexander, Aber, Ahmed, Patel, Vijay, Kotecha, Deevia, Ubhi, Harmony Kaur, Hosein, Simon-Peter, Ward, Simon, Malik, Kamran, Jennings, Leifa, Newton, Tom, Alkhouri, Mirna, Kang, Min Kyu, Houlden, Christopher, Barry, Jonathan, Wilson, Michael S. J., Neo, Yan Ning, Ibrahim, Ibrahim, Chan, Emily, Peck, Fraser S., Lim, Pei J., North, Alexander S., Blundell, Rebecca, Williamson, Adam, Fouad, Dina, Minocha, Ashish, Mccarthy, Kathryn, Court, Emma, Chambers, Alice, Yee, Jenna, Tham, Ji Chung, Beaton, Ceri, Walsh, Una, Lockey, Joseph, Bokhari, Salman, Howells, Lara, Griffiths, Megan, Yallop, Laura, Singh, Shailinder, Nasher, Omar, Jackson, Paul, Ramzi, Saed, Zeidan, Shady, Doughty, Jennifer, Sinha, Sidhartha, Davenport, Ross, Lewis, Jason, Duffy, Leo, Mcaleer, Elizabeth, Williams, Eleanor, Obute, Rhalumi Daniel, Glover, Thomas E., Clark, David J., Boshnaq, Mohamed, Akhtar, Mansoor, Capleton, Pascale, Doughan, Samer, Rabie, Mohamed, Mohamed, Ismail, Samuel, Duncan, Dickson, Lauren, Kennedy, Matthew, Dempster, Eleanor, Brown, Emma, Maple, Natalie, Monaghan, Eimear, Wolf, Bernhard, Garland, Alicia, Lund, Jonathan, Boereboom, Catherine, Murphy, Jennifer, Tierney, Gillian, Tou, Samson, Zimmermann, Eleanor Franziska, Smart, Neil James, Warwick, Andrea Marie, Stasinou, Theodora, Daniels, Ian, Findlay-Cooper, Kim, Mitrasinovic, Stefan, Ray, Swayamjyoti, Varcada, Massimo, D'souza, Rovan, Omara, Sharif, Boyce, Tamsin, Whewell, Harriet, Jones, Elin, Ma, Jennifer, Abington, Emily, Ramcharn, Meera, Williams, Gethin, Winstanley, Joseph, Kennedy, Ewan D., Yeung, Emily N. W., Fergusson, Stuart J., Jones, Catrin, O'neill, Stephen, Lim, Shujing Jane, Liew, Ignatius, Nair, Hari, Fairfield, Cameron, Oh, Julia, Koh, Samantha, Wilson, Andrew, Fairfield, Catherine, Th'ng, Francesca, Robertson, Nichola, Anandkumar, Delran, Kirupagaran, Ashok, Jones, Timothy F., Torrance, Hew D., Fowler, Alexander J., Chandrakumar, Charmilie, Patel, Priyank, Ashraf, Syed Faaz, Lakhani, Sonam M., Mclean, Aaron Lawson, Basson, Sonia, Batt, Jeremy, Bowman, Catriona, Stoddart, Michael, Benons, Natasha, Barker, Tom, Summerour, Virginia, Harper, Edward, Smith, Caroline, Hampton, Matthew, Mckechnie, Doug, Farah, Ayaan, Chun, Anita, Pereira, Bernadette, Nemeth, Kristof, Decker, Emily, Giuliani, Stefano, Shalaby, Aly, Szczap, Aleksandra, Chidambaram, Swathikan, Chen, Chee Yang, Kulasabanathan, Kavian, Chhabra, Srishti, Kostov, Elisabeth, Harbord, Philippe, Barnacle, James, Palliyil, Madan Mohan, Zikry, Mina, Porter, Johnathan, Raslan, Charef, Hafiz, Shazia, Soltani, Niksa, Baillie, Katie, Mirza, Ahmad, Saeed, Haroon, Galloway, Simon, Elena, Gia, Afzal, Mohammad, Zakir, Mohamed, Sodde, Peter, Hand, Charles, Sriram, Aiesha, Clark, Tamsyn, Holton, Patrick, Livesey, Amy, Sinha, Yashashwi, Iqbal, Fahad Mujtaba, Bharj, Indervir Singh, Rotundo, Adriana, Jenvey, Cara, Slade, Robert, Golding, David, Haines, Samuel, Abdullah, Ali Adel Ne'ma, Tilston, Thomas W., Loughran, Dafydd, Donoghue, Danielle, Giacci, Lorenzo, Sherif, Mohamed Ashur, Harrison, Peter, Tang, Alethea, Elshaer, Mohamed, Urbonas, Tomas, Riaz, Amjid, Chapman, Annie, Acharya, Parisha, Shalhoub, Joseph, Grossart, Cathleen, McMorran, David, Mlotshwa, Makhosini, Hawkins, William, Loizides, Sofronis, Thomson, Peter, Khan, Shahab, Taylor, Fiona, Shukla, Jalak, Howie, Emma Elizabeth, Macdonald, Linda, Komolafe, Olusegun, Mcintyre, Neil, Cragg, James, Parker, Jody, Stewart, Duncan, Lintin, Luke, Tracy, Julia, Farooq, Tahir, Sion, Melanie, Weinstein, Michael S., Punja, Viren, Bugaev, Nikolay, Goodstein, Monica, and Razmdjou, Shadi

Abstract

Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally. Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression. Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed. Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.

Published
2016
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11. The Cosmic Script: Sacred Geometry and the Science of Arabic Penmanship

Author

Ahmed Moustafa, Stefan Sperl 1950, Ahmed Moustafa, and Stefan Sperl 1950

Abstract

"A fully illustrated, landmark study of Islamic calligraphy traced back to its deepest historical and cultural roots Explores the sacred geometry of each letter form of the Arabic alphabet as attributed to renowned 10th-century scribe Ibn Muqla Traces Ibn Muqla's system to the cross-cultural encounter between Greek learning and the scientific, artistic, and philosophical pursuits of classical Islam A richly illustrated, two-volume presentation of decades of research with more than 430 full-color illustrations Calligraphy is the central visual art of Islam. At its core resides a perennial challenge: What letter shapes traced by human hands are rightful bearers of the divine message? The answer lies in the "Proportioned Script" of Ibn Muqla, renowned scribe, man of letters, and minister under the great Abbasid Caliphate in 10th-century Baghdad. Emphasizing harmony and geometry, Ibn Muqla's system has governed the practice of Arabic scribal art up to the present day. In this two-volume, richly illustrated study, Ahmed Moustafa and Stefan Sperl analyze each letter form of Ibn Muqla's perfected penmanship and share their decades of research on Islamic letter shapes, revealing the history, linguistics, philosophy, theology, and sacred geometry that underlie this spiritual art form. In volume one the authors reveal the trilogy of prophecy, penmanship, and geometry at the foundation of Ibn Muqla's Proportioned Script. Providing a fully illustrated analysis of Islamic calligraphy's geometrical principles as transmitted in surviving writings and key manuscript sources, they examine the geometric grid of square, circle, and hexagon that informs the pen strokes of each letter shape and explore how the golden ratio appears within the matrix of the grid. They examine the development of Ibn Muqla's system in the context of the sciences, arts, and penmanship of 10th-century Baghdad and trace its origins to the cross-cultural encounter between Greek learning and the scientific, arti, ""A fully illustrated, landmark study of Islamic calligraphy traced back to its deepest historical and cultural roots"--Provided by publisher", Includes bibliographical references and index., Volume One: Sources and Principles of the Geometry of Letters -- Volume Two: From Geometric Pattern to Living Form., "A fully illustrated, landmark study of Islamic calligraphy traced back to its deepest historical and cultural roots Explores the sacred geometry of each letter form of the Arabic alphabet as attributed to renowned 10th-century scribe Ibn Muqla Traces Ibn Muqla's system to the cross-cultural encounter between Greek learning and the scientific, artistic, and philosophical pursuits of classical Islam A richly illustrated, two-volume presentation of decades of research with more than 430 full-color illustrations Calligraphy is the central visual art of Islam. At its core resides a perennial challenge: What letter shapes traced by human hands are rightful bearers of the divine message? The answer lies in the "Proportioned Script" of Ibn Muqla, renowned scribe, man of letters, and minister under the great Abbasid Caliphate in 10th-century Baghdad. Emphasizing harmony and geometry, Ibn Muqla's system has governed the practice of Arabic scribal art up to the present day. In this two-volume, richly illustrated study, Ahmed Moustafa and Stefan Sperl analyze each letter form of Ibn Muqla's perfected penmanship and share their decades of research on Islamic letter shapes, revealing the history, linguistics, philosophy, theology, and sacred geometry that underlie this spiritual art form. In volume one the authors reveal the trilogy of prophecy, penmanship, and geometry at the foundation of Ibn Muqla's Proportioned Script. Providing a fully illustrated analysis of Islamic calligraphy's geometrical principles as transmitted in surviving writings and key manuscript sources, they examine the geometric grid of square, circle, and hexagon that informs the pen strokes of each letter shape and explore how the golden ratio appears within the matrix of the grid. They examine the development of Ibn Muqla's system in the context of the sciences, arts, and penmanship of 10th-century Baghdad and trace its origins to the cross-cultural encounter between Greek learning and the scientific, arti, ""A fully illustrated, landmark study of Islamic calligraphy traced back to its deepest historical and cultural roots"--Provided by publisher"

Published
2014

13. Implementation through governmental bureaucracy : a study of the factors that cause projects implementation delay in Egypt

Author

Ralph Gakenheimer., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning., Gamiee, Faten Ahmed Moustafa, Ralph Gakenheimer., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning., and Gamiee, Faten Ahmed Moustafa

Abstract

Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1985., MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH., Bibliography: leaves 146-149., by Faten Ahmed Moustafa Gaimee., M.C.P.

Published
2012

15. Hydraulics of flow over side weirs

Author

El Khashab, Ahmed Moustafa Mohamed. and El Khashab, Ahmed Moustafa Mohamed.

Abstract

This thesis reviews the present state of knowledge of the hydraulics of flow over side weirs, and describes an experimental investigation into the flow of water over side weirs using a laboratory flume. A detailed exeimination is made of the assumption conventionally used by many investigators that the total energy of the flow remaining in the channel does not vary along the length of the side weir (excluding friction loss), and following consideration of oarlier warke in this subject. Some new conclusions are suggested concerning the weir coefficient, the variation of the velocity sind pressure distribution coefficients and the end controls. The secondary flow observed along the side weirs in the experimental work and the changes it underwent on progressing along the side weir are described in detail. Some degree of confirmation of the analysis was achieved for the exact way in which the flow moves along the side weir as it leaves the channel section and enters the side weir section. The background of the side weir theory is given in detail, preceding an examination of the predictions of this theory in terms of the results of the present and other experimental

Published
1975

16. The Nature of Word-Accent in English With Special Reference to Duration and Perception

Author

Gomaa, Moustafa Ahmed Moustafa and Gomaa, Moustafa Ahmed Moustafa

Abstract

This is mainly a study of accent-based durational differences in syllables in British English. A framework for the study of accent is described. It is characterized by considering the two often separated domains (i. e. one-word utterances and longer utterances) as a single domain. The durational manifestations of the different degrees of accent are then studied. The method adopted is that of comparisons of the durations of syllables with identical syntagmatic and paradigmatic structures, with the average margins of difference being assessed in terms of significance against a reference duration of 40 msec. The condition of identicality in syntagmatic and paradigmatic structures is sometimes abandoned, however, for the sake of widening the scope of the material analysed or studying factors modulating the accent-duration relationship (e. g. speech-rate). The factor of syllable-position is occasionally used as a variable that affects this relationship. The hierarchy proposed for accentual degrees is found to be consistently manifested by duration in a directly proportional relation unless other variables are operative. On the basis of syllable-durations, the dissociation of so-called "word-accent" and "sentence-accent" has been found to be implausible. Comparisons of the durations of syllable-tokens in one-word and longer utterances have been found to produce significant durational variations only when one of two factors is involved: final lengthening, and the change from primary tonic to primary non-tonic accent and vice versa. Both factors are known to operate in both domains. The results of various Tests confirm on the basis of syllable-durations the inconsistency in the marking of secondary accents in the English Pronouncing Dictionary (EPD). It is proposed that further studies of other parameters in relation to accent would find it worthwhile to keep the syntagmatic and paradigmatic structures of syllables constant. Various tenets and theories in the field of perce

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