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Legislation was a component that characterized the link between civic and religious authority throughout the Archaic period to the early Roman Empire. Legislation is much celebrated in the respective philosophical cultures of Plutarch and Porphyry: in the former, the image of the ideal ruler reflects the notion of a philosopherking, while in the latter, it was attached with significance to life lived under the divine law of the Intellect of Kronos. This article will demonstrate how Plutarch and Porphyry jointly acknowledge the legislator’s legendary image as more than mediating between hostile factions of the citizen body and regulating divine worship and ritual praxis, often on the basis of his political expertise and divine ancestry by casting it in a fresh mold. In doing so, Plutarch and Porphyry together claim that the legislator’s legendary image plays a decisivly corrective role in ancient society by way of introducing the non-violation of animal life for food and sacrifice. This corrective role will be discussed as being pivotal for the intellectual pursuit of the priestly community and philosophers in selected dialogues in Plutarch’s Moralia and Porphyry’s De Abstinentia., Legislation was a component that characterized the link between civic and religious authority throughout the Archaic period to the early Roman Empire. Legislation is much celebrated in the respective philosophical cultures of Plutarch and Porphyry: in the former, the image of the ideal ruler reflects the notion of a philosopherking, while in the latter, it was attached with significance to life lived under the divine law of the Intellect of Kronos. This article will demonstrate how Plutarch and Porphyry jointly acknowledge the legislator’s legendary image as more than mediating between hostile factions of the citizen body and regulating divine worship and ritual praxis, often on the basis of his political expertise and divine ancestry by casting it in a fresh mold. In doing so, Plutarch and Porphyry together claim that the legislator’s legendary image plays a decisivly corrective role in ancient society by way of introducing the non-violation of animal life for food and sacrifice. This corrective role will be discussed as being pivotal for the intellectual pursuit of the priestly community and philosophers in selected dialogues in Plutarch’s Moralia and Porphyry’s De Abstinentia.

Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers, Masterarbeit Universität Innsbruck 2023

The objective of the present inquiry is to demonstrate whether the conceptualizations made regarding currency by contractarian philosophers Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Montesquieu make them direct continuators of Aristotle’s work or if, on the contrary, they distance themselves. To this end, aspects of the monetary phenomenon such as its origin, nature or essence, function, teleology, and ethics are contrasted and analyzed. Thus, the analysis developed allows us to show that modern contractualism has been more than a simple and unique canon of common thought. This entails expanding knowledge regarding it because although the different processes of monetary conceptualization do present repetitive philosophical positions in some respects, the reflective categories used by each one allowed them to create internal coherence in their respective perspectives; such notions underpin them ideas of the deliberative capacity granted to collective enterprises to transform their contexts, El objetivo de la presente investigación es evidenciar si las conceptualizaciones que realizan al respecto de la moneda los filósofos contractualistas Thomas Hobbes, John Locke y Montesquieu, los convierte en continuadores directos de la obra de Aristóteles o si, por el contrario, toman distancia. Para tal fin, se contrastan y analizan aspectos del fenómeno monetario tales como su origen, naturaleza o esencia, función, teleología y ética. Así, el análisis desarrollado permite evidenciar que el contractualismo moderno ha sido más que un simple y único canon de pensamiento común. Ello conlleva ampliar el conocimiento al respecto por motivo de que, a pesar de que los diferentes procesos de conceptualización monetaria, si presentan posturas filosóficas reiterativas en algunos aspectos, las categorías reflexivas empleadas por cada uno en particular les permitieron crear una coherencia interna en sus respectivas perspectivas; tales nociones sustentan sus ideas de capacidad deliberativa otorgadas a las empresas colectivas para transformar sus contextos., O objetivo da presente investigação é demonstrar se as conceituações feitas a respeito da moeda pelos filósofos contratualistas Thomas Hobbes, John Locke e Montesquieu os tornam continuadores diretos da obra de Aristóteles ou se, pelo contrário, se distanciam. Para tanto, são contrastados e analisados aspetos do fenômeno monetário como sua origem, natureza o essência, função, teleologia e ética. Assim, a análise desenvolvida permite-nos mostrar que o contratualismo moderno tem sido mais do que um simples e único cânone do pensamento comum. Isto implica ampliar o conhecimento a respeito, pois embora os diferentes processos de conceituação monetária apresentem posições filosóficas repetitivas em alguns aspetos, as categorias reflexivas utilizadas por cada um em particular permitiram-lhes criar coerência interna em suas respetivas perspetivas; tais noções sustentam as suas ideias sobre a capacidade deliberativa concedida às empresas coletivas para transformar os seus contextos.

"Creative activity (isn't) the icing on the cake. Human creativity is the cake." (Jerry Hirschberg) Creativity - "the mastery of information and skills in the service of dreams" (Hirschberg) - is much prized in the arts, science, business and the classroom. What does the creative process look like? Under what conditions does it flourish - what ignites the creative spark? Attempting to answer these questions, this class explores ways creativity has been understood in Western culture: what we prize and fear about creativity and its wellsprings; how writers, artists, scientists and inventors have described their own creative processes; how psychologists and philosophers have theorized it; ways in which creativity has been represented in Western culture, particularly in 20th century films; and creativity in everyday life, including our own lives. Readings include portions of psychologist Rollo May's The Courage To Create, and essays by Joan Didion, John Updike, Alice Walker, Oliver Sacks, and others. In addition, we'll watch video profiles of choreographer Paul Taylor, architect Maya Lin, and jazz musician Dave Brubeck. We'll keep journals in which we note our own observations and reflections on creative process. We will also watch a film together as a class one evening early in the term.

This essay compares the theory of human rights and human responsibility to the reality in the Swedish government. The aim is to understand what the philosophers in this case study are saying about human rights and responsibility. The essay also asks how the philosopher’s theories compare to the reality in the Swedish State. When comparing the theory of John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Robert Nozick to the Swedish government and laws we understand that Rousseau is the most conservative and yet the one out of the three philosophers that are closest to Swedish State reality. Locke is not very different from Rousseau and a lot of how the Swedish State works is compatible whit his thoughts. Nozick, being the one that is most liberal, is then the one that has ideas that are most different from the Swedish State 2021 even though Sweden is known to be one of the most liberal and equal states in the world.

Philosophical activity is directed primarily to the world of ideas, that is, it deals with thoughts and meditation on the deepestthemes of human and non-human existence. On the other hand, the pedagogical activity is mainly directed to more practical purposes,although not less important, and takes advantage of the knowledge revealed by the different referents of philosophy. However, it hasbeen pointed out that for different reasons education has strayed far from the deeper world of ideas, which can lead to very superficialpedagogical activity. This essay aims to bring philosophy closer to education and, specifically, to physical education. First, the objectivewas to analyze the meaning of love proposed by two philosophers associated with the phenomenological school, Max Scheler and JoséOrtega y Gasset. Later, that meaning was associated with ethical training in school physical education. The analysis reflects that bothagree that love is an objective feeling and an intentional act aimed at adequately preserving what is positively valued. They also recognizethat love precedes emotions, thoughts, and desires, as well as its direction goes from the top to the bottom. This knowledge can be appliedin physical education in different ways, highlighting awareness on the relationship between emotions and ethical values, such assolidarity, respect for human rights, tolerance, and humility, La actividad filosófica se dirige principalmente al mundo de las ideas, o sea, trata sobre el pensamiento y la meditación de lostemas más profundos de la existencia humana y no humana. Por otra parte, la actividad pedagógica se dirige principalmente a fines másprácticos, aunque no menos importantes, y aprovecha los saberes desvelados por los diferentes referentes de la filosofía. No obstante,se ha señalado que por diferentes motivos la educación se ha alejado mucho del mundo más profundo de las ideas, lo cual puede derivaren una actividad pedagógica muy superficial. Con este ensayo se pretende acercar la filosofía a la educación y, en concreto, a la educaciónfísica. En primer lugar, se tuvo como objetivo analizar el significado de amor que proponen dos filósofos asociados a la escuelafenomenológica, Max Scheler y José Ortega y Gasset. Posteriormente, aquel significado se asoció a la formación ética en la educaciónfísica escolar. El análisis refleja que ambos coinciden en que el amor es un sentimiento objetivo y un acto intencional dirigido a conservaradecuadamente lo que es valorado positivamente. También reconocen que el amor es anterior a las emociones, los pensamientos y losdeseos, así como que su dirección va desde lo superior a lo inferior. Este conocimiento puede ser aplicado en la educación física dediferentes formas, destacando la conciencia sobre la relación de las emociones con los valores éticos, como la solidaridad, el respeto a losderechos humanos, la tolerancia y la humildad.

This study’s main focus on the view and the essential elements of physical and spiritual culture in philosopher’s works from ancient times until the end of the 20th century. This paper presents philosopher’s opinions on physical culture’s specific aspects, including physical education, sports, recreation and other border areas of the individual’s physical and spiritual activity. The references for this study on philosopher’s opinions are mainly from secondary sources. A concise statement of these philosopher’s work refers to the period before the New era, regarding Xenophanes, Socrates, Cliton, and Marcus Tallies Cicero. Then philosophers of the modern era, Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Immanuel Kant, Georg W.F. Hegel, Karl Marx, John Lobok, and the most prominent former Yugoslavs philosopher of the 20th century, Branislav Petronijevic. This study is not a critical review but a summary of the most influential thinkers’ views, from the historical aspect of the study preoccupation.

The article aims to discuss the cognitive linguistic analysis of the notion “Fruit”. The study covers theoretical research part which intends to stress the preliminary comprehension on the investigated issue. Moreover, practical part comprises proper interpretation on the selected concept. The notion is discussed within the 3 steps of conceptualization. It is obvious seen in the provided samples: 9idioms, 20 proverbs and 10 quotations.

In order for a person to become an individual as a social being, the conditions and upbringing of the social environment are necessary. As a result of this, a person develops as a person and becomes an individual. The development of a child's personality is based on the philosophical teaching that man is a social being. At the same time, man is a living, biological being. Consequently, the laws of nature development are also important in its development. Also, when a person is assessed as a whole, his or her development is influenced by biological and social laws that cannot be separated from each other.

Early Greek alchemy, Patronage and Innovation in Late Antiquity provides an example of the innovative power of ancient scholarly patronage by looking at a key moment in the creation of the Greek alchemical tradition.New evidence on scholarly patronage under the Roman empire can be garnered by analyzing the descriptions of learned magoi in several texts from the second to the fourth century CE. Since a common use of the term magos connoted flatterer-like figures (kolakes), it is likely that the figures of “learned sorcerers” found in texts such as Lucian’s Philopseudes and the apocryphal Acts of Peter captured the notion that some client scholars exerted undue influence over patrons.The first known author of alchemical commentaries, Zosimus of Panopolis (c. 300 CE), presented himself neither as a magos nor as an alchemist. In his treatises, he rather appears as a Christian scholar and the client of a rich woman named Theosebeia. In three polemical letters to his patroness, Zosimus attempted to discredit rival specialists of alchemy by describing them as magoi and demon-worshippers and by equating their techniques with Egyptian temple practice. In a subtler attempt to edge out his competitors, Zosimus pointed to their limited education and suggested that true alchemy could only be acquired by a meticulous interpretation of Greek alchemical texts.Extant evidence thus suggests that alchemical texts were first introduced among other Greek scholarly traditions when Zosimus annexed Egyptian temple rituals into the ambit of paideia thanks to the support and venue provided by his patroness.

In this article, I will try to explain the influence of Francesco Bausi’s works in the Machiavellian studies written in Spanish. First, I will show the particular characteristics of this influence. This has to do with the complex imagen of Bausi’s Machiavelli for Spanish historians of philosophy and political philosophers. Second, I will write about the description of Machiavelli contained in Bausi’s novel Scandalo Machiavelli, published in 2014. It is a paradox that this scholar has published a more defined portrait of Machiavelli in a fictious tale rather than in his scholarly writtings., En este artículo, quiero explicar la influencia de los trabajos de Francesco Bausi sobre los estudios maquiavelianos desarrollados en el mundo hispanófono. En primer lugar, señalaré la especificidad de esta influencia, así como la peculiar y compleja imagen de Maquiavelo que Bausi ha ofrecido a los historiadores de la filosofía y filósofos políticos hispanoparlantes. Por último, estudiaré la opinión que Bausi ha dado sobre la personalidad intelectual de Maquiavelo en su novela de 2014 Scandalo Machiavelli. Paradójicamente este académico ha presentado un retrato más definido del pensamiento de Maquiavelo en una obra de ficción que en sus trabajos de erudición.

In this article, I will try to explain the influence of Francesco Bausi’s works in the Machiavellian studies written in Spanish. First, I will show the particular characteristics of this influence. This has to do with the complex imagen of Bausi’s Machiavelli for Spanish historians of philosophy and political philosophers. Second, I will write about the description of Machiavelli contained in Bausi’s novel Scandalo Machiavelli, published in 2014. It is a paradox that this scholar has published a more defined portrait of Machiavelli in a fictious tale rather than in his scholarly writtings., En este artículo, quiero explicar la influencia de los trabajos de Francesco Bausi sobre los estudios maquiavelianos desarrollados en el mundo hispanófono. En primer lugar, señalaré la especificidad de esta influencia, así como la peculiar y compleja imagen de Maquiavelo que Bausi ha ofrecido a los historiadores de la filosofía y filósofos políticos hispanoparlantes. Por último, estudiaré la opinión que Bausi ha dado sobre la personalidad intelectual de Maquiavelo en su novela de 2014 Scandalo Machiavelli. Paradójicamente este académico ha presentado un retrato más definido del pensamiento de Maquiavelo en una obra de ficción que en sus trabajos de erudición.

Статья посвящена проблемам ранней биографии М.М. Бахтина, которые остаются не решенными в современных исследованиях. = The article is devoted to the problems of the early biography of M.M. Bakhtin which remain unresolved in modern research.

Pla general dels Jardins abans coneguts com a Porta de Montjuïc on es veuen els parterres de sauló rodejats de paviment i el mobiliari urbà

En las fuentes romanas entre otros fragmentos encontramos dos textos fundamentales que tratan del concepto: Cic. 2,53,160 y Ulp. D. 1,1,10 pr. La ciencia romanística se ha centrado especialmente sobre la voluntas introduciendo un cocnepto subjetivo y suum cuique tribuere, oscilando si estos son conceptos generales procedentes de la especulación filosófica o instrucciones jurídicas precisas dirigidas a abogados y jueces., Among roman fontes there are two basic texts: Cic. de inv. 2,53,160 and Ulp. D. 1,1,10 pr. The romanistic science concern specially the voluntas introducing a subjective consideration and suum cuique tribuere, oscillating on these terms are general concepts coming fron the philophical speculation, or juridical directions dedicated to lawyers and judges.

Doctor of Philosophy in Theology, This dissertation seeks to provide a deeper understanding of Clement of Alexandria’s portrayal of the philosophical conception of the figure of the sage as an authority. The study begins with an investigation into the figure of the sage as understood by Stoics and Platonists during the Middle Platonic era. In this chapter, it is argued that the authority of the sage is in part founded in its connection to the telos of philosophy. That is, the sage is the closest person to a true embodiment of the telos and therefore is in the best position to speak of it. Once this is shown through historical examples of figures who became sages, such as Socrates, Plato and Zeno, the study begins the next chapter with an investigation of Philo of Alexandria’s use of Moses as sage. Here it is shown that Philo follows the philosophical milieu of his period in putting forth an authoritative figure who, by Philo’s argument, best resembles the telos. Philo put forth Moses as the greatest of all sages, the very image of the telos. Following the chapter on Philo, the study begins its discussion upon Clement of Alexandria. This final chapter will show that Clement also fit within his philosophical period in the manner he portrayed the figure of the sage as a means to understand the telos. However, Clement’s Christian theology amplified his claim of having an authoritative sage. Christ, for Clement is the logos itself, and thus the telos itself. In addition to his description of Christ, Clement portrays another ideal of the sage, the Gnostic. Clement’s Gnostic fulfills the role of a sage which is attainable to followers of Christ, while also enhancing the authority of Christ as one who is able to lead his followers so close to the telos.

This article deals with the relationship between theology and philosophy, the theologies of liberation, or rather, the philosophical mediation of these theologies. This theme has not been studied or even silenced. There is practically no study on it. At most, there is some reference or comment about the influence of a philosopher or philosophy on some concrete liberation theology. This is already a good indication of the non-importance or the (peripheral) place of philosophical mediation in these theologies. This article begins by showing how, with very few exceptions, this subject has either not been thematized an developed, or it was only indicated and/or outlined in liberation theologies (historiographical approach). Secondly, this paper indicates, without further development, the importance and place of philosophical mediation, as well as its necessity and contribution to what to do, and how to contribute to the product of these theologies (systematic approach). It is not intended here to develop or even to outline a concrete philosophical mediation for the theologies of liberation. We simply want to problematize the issue in its historical and in its fundamental theoretical structure. From this we intend to place the need and the challenge of developing this important and necessary mediation in the global process of the intelligence of the faith., O artigo trata da problemática da relação teologia-filosofia nas teologias da libertação ou da mediação filosófica dessas teologias. É um tema não estudado ou mesmo silenciado. Praticamente não existe estudo sobre isso. No máximo, alguma referência ou algum comentário sobre a influência de um filósofo ou de uma filosofia em alguma teologia da libertação concreta. O que já é um bom indicativo da (não) importância ou do lugar (periférico) da mediação filosófica nessas teologias. O texto começa mostrando como, com raríssimas exceções, essa problemática ou não foi tematizada e desenvolvida ou foi apenas indicada e/ou esboçada nas teologias da libertação (aproximação historiográfica). Num segundo momento, indica, sem maiores desenvolvimentos, a importância e o lugar da mediação filosófica, bem como sua necessidade e sua contribuição para o quefazer e para o produto dessas teologias (aproximação sistemática). Não se pretende, aqui, desenvolver nem sequer esboçar uma mediação filosófica concreta para as teologias da libertação, mas simplesmente problematizar a questão em seu desenvolvimento histórico e em sua estrutura teórica fundamental e, com isso, colocar a necessidade e o desafio de desenvolvimento dessa mediação como uma mediação importante e necessária no processo global de inteligência da fé.

Некролог профессора Одесского национального университета, доктора философских наук Арнольда Юрьевича Цофнаса.

В феврале исполнилось 80 лет Константину Николаевичу Любутину, видному российскому философу, профессору, доктору философских наук, главному научному сотруднику Института философии и права УрО РАН, академику РАЕН, заслуженному деятелю науки РФ и члену редакционного совета журнала «Известия Уральского федерального университета». Ниже мы публикуем краткий рассказ о творческом пути Константина Николаевича, подготовленный кафедрой истории философии и философии образования ИСПН. Редакция серии от всей души присоединяется к поздравлениям, с которыми обращается к юбиляру кафедра.

Editores de la obra colectiva, J. Ángel y Espinós, J.M. Floristán Imízcoz, F. García Romero y M. López Salvá, [ES] La Declamación XXIX de Libanio está basada sobre las figuras del parásito y del filósofo, que el autor construye tomando como modelo la comedia ática. En el caso del filósofo, recoge todos los tópicos característicos en este género, presentándolo como un embaucador, sucio, miserable y muerto de hambre., [EN] The Declamation XXIX by Libanius is based on the figures of the parasite and the philosopher, that the author build by taking Attic Comedy as a model. For the philosopher, he collects all the common places in this genre, presenting him as a trickster, dirty, miserable and and starving.

The ancestors and contemporary are women who are excluded from the legitimacy of knowledge is documented for centuries were segregated scientific research even though there were experts in astronomy with explanations of the full moon and the effects of the moon in current maritime; Pythagorean mathematics and especially women philosophers who contributed their research on the changes of nature, the dynamics of emotions and political strategy., Las antepasadas y las contemporáneas son mujeres a quienes se les excluye de la legitimidad del saber, está documentado que durante siglos estuvieron segregadas de la investigación científica aun cuando hubo expertas en astronomía con las explicaciones del plenilunio y de los efectos de la luna en las corrientes marítimas; en matemáticas como las pitagóricas y sobre todo las filósofas que aportaron sus investigaciones acerca de los cambios de la naturaleza, la dinámica de las emociones y la estrategia política

Práce je zaměřena na objasnění úkolu odsouzeného filosofa. Sókratés byl odsouzen k trestu smrti a následně odmítl nabízenou možnost k úniku. Nejprve je nutné porozumět Sókratovu odsouzení i jeho odmítnutí nabídky uniknout. Úkol odsouzeného filosofa nebyl pouze úkol dávno popraveného Sókrata. Je to úkol všech, kteří chápou filosofii vážně. Ti všichni jsou souzeni, ačkoliv nemusí být odsouzeni k smrti. Pro rozsudek, který vykonává množství, je charakteristická náklonnost k mínění. Mínění působí odsouzení. Co musí odsouzený konat, aby zůstal filosofem? Jaký je jeho úkol?, The thesis is focused on clarification of the task of a convicted philosopher. Socrates was condemned to death and subsequently he refused the offered chance to escape. At first, it is necessary to understand Socrates' conviction and his refusal of the offer to escape. The task of the convicted philosopher was not only the task of a long time ago executed Socrates. It is the task of all those who think philosophy seriously. All of them are judged although they do not have to be condemned to death. For the judgement which is executed by most of people the affection to opinion is typical. Opinion causes condemnation. What does the condemned have to do in order to stay a philosopher? What is his task?, Katedra filosofie, Obhajoba bakalářské práce proběhla řádným způsobem a student dobře zodpověděl všechny otázky., Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobou

A topic in the Greek literature of the Roman imperial period is the attack against the false philosophers. Lucian condemns with special hardness their shameful behaviour in symposiac gatherings, where the wise men are only interested in satisfying an insatiable appetite. The purpose of this paper is to analyse how Lucian criticises the philosophers at the banquet in comparison with the parasite, because the eating patterns of false philosophers make them similar to parasites. If the aim of parasitism is happiness, then parasites do not pursue anything different from philosophers, as Lucian makes clear in The Symposium or the Lapiths. Nevertheless, in The Parasite, Simon argues that the parasite’s techne is superior, inasmuch as it achieves the same aim as the philosophers, without the hypocritical and ridiculous attitudes of the false pepaideumenoi., Un tema recurrente en la literatura griega de época imperial romana es la crítica contra los falsos filósofos. Luciano censura con especial dureza su impostura e indigna actitud en el banquete y en la celebración simposial, donde los hombres pretendidamente sabios sólo están interesados en satisfacer un insaciable apetito. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar cómo se concreta esa censura hacia los filósofos en el ámbito del banquete por contraposición a la figura del parásito, ya que el comportamiento alimentario de los falsos filósofos los aproxima a la figura del parásito. Si el objetivo del parasitismo es la felicidad, los parásitos no persiguen nada distinto a los filósofos, tal como Luciano los presenta en el Simposio o Lapitas. Sin embargo, la superioridad de la parasitike techne defendida por Simón en Acerca del parásito, consiste en alcanzar ese mismo objetivo sin la hipocresia y el ridículo de que tantas veces son objeto todos los falsos pepaideumenoi

OCLC: ocn464579708

Reseña del libro Alberto Saladino García, Filosofía de la Ilustración latinoamericana, Toluca, UAEM, 2009, 244 pp.

Reseña del libro Mijail Malishev, No sólo del sentido común vive el hombre, México, CONARTE-Plaza y Valdés, 2008, 170 pp.

Se da por sentado que los nombres de los autores incluidos en un plan de estudios son los más representativos, y en filosofía esto no deja de suceder. En algunas instituciones se da prioridad a los autores de la época antigua y clásica, en otras, a los representantes de la Edad Media, y algunas, a los llamados “círculos”. En fin, es mediante este juego de aparición en primera plana cómo los autores se vuelven inmortales, pero, detrás de ellos, se encuentran otros de no menos calibre a quienes, en este momento, se les atribuye el adjetivo de olvidados. Un olvidado es quien habita los linderos de una ciudad, de un Estado o de una teoría.

Los derechos humanos son expresados en la ley humana. Por principio, es notoria la configuración existencial de dos planos codependientes e íntimamente relacionados. Por un lado, el “derecho humano” y, por otro, la “ley”. El primer plano debe considerarse desde la propia facultad de cada ser humano, es decir, el ser que nace “ya” con tales posibilidades que lo habrán de situar en y con-el-mundo. Así, el ser humano, en tanto una constitución cuerpo-mente-espíritu conlleva en sí la unidad del derecho en cada una de sus estructuras. Derecho, entendido de esta manera, es la posibilidad generadora del movimiento por el cual “nos hacemos humanos”, “nos humanizamos”.

Que los animales no piensan, que no son racionales, que no saben que van a morir, que son ajenos a toda moral, que son inferiores al hombre, etcétera, son tópicos que no sólo han sido cultivados y repetidos una y otra vez por el llamado “sentido común”, sino que para nuestro pesar son lugares que la propia filosofía occidental ha cultivado muchas veces sin el menor reparo, sin el menor asomo de sospecha de que quizá habría que replantear nuestros lugares comunes y someterlos a una reflexión. No se trata simplemente de afirmar lo contrario, de decir que los animales “sí son racionales”, “sí piensan”, “sí saben que van a morir”, más bien, antes de hacer afirmaciones tan temerarias —porque tan temerario es otorgarles tales particularidades como negárselas—, se trata de indagar al menos dos cosas: en primer lugar, saber por qué hemos dado tal lugar a los animales, por qué los hemos caracterizado irremediablemente como inferiores y, en segundo, sería interesante saber si han existido en la historia de la filosofía occidental otras maneras de contemplar la animalidad, otras formas de acercarse a ella.

This Introduction tells the story of intergenerational justice and how it has influenced philosophers and political thinkers throughout history. The Introduction goes on to discuss the aims of the book, which is to offer a sustained discussion of intergenerational justice as seen by practical philosophers. The first part of the book focuses on the way in which various schools of thought in moral and political philosophy approach the domain of intergenerational justice, while the second part focuses on more specific aspects, such as how these theories address the question of motivation, how they deal with demographic fluctuations, or how they can be applied to real-world issues such as climate change.

Tomas G. Masaryk's Ceska otazka (The Czech Question [1895]) is framed in terms of both what had been achieved historically & what would be achieved through the social modernization & political efforts of his day. To that end, he sought to replace Auguste Comte's vision of an industrial society with his own concept of democracy & to relate national emancipation to social emancipation. But because he ultimately wanted to bring the social democratic movement under control by containing it within the Czech national movement, Masaryk also incorporated elements of the early Czech myth into his philosophy of Czech national history. As a result, his conception of democracy did not correspond to Western European models.

With the birth of probability calculus as a new risk quantification methodology, it also appears the debate with respect to the viability of inductive probability or to the fact that classic statistics uses inductive or deductive methods to draw its conclusions which is the basis of the scientific method. Such discussion becomes more intense with the strengthening of Bayesian statistics that seems to be the most promissory answer in favor of inductive learning and which is supported here by the authors of this article. There are many philosophers that reject the possibility to learn inductively from the experience. The most famous objections in this sense come from David Hume and, then, from Karl Popper who, among others, resist any possibility of an inductive logic., Con el surgimiento del cálculo de probabilidades como una nueva metodología de la cuantificación del riesgo, nace la discusión respecto a la viabilidad de la probabilidad inductiva, o si la estadística clásica utiliza la metodología inductiva o deductiva para la obtención de sus conclusiones, base del método científico; polémica que se agudiza con el afianzamiento de la estadística bayesiana, que al parecer es la respuesta más prometedora a favor del aprendizaje inductivo y que es defendida por los autores a lo largo de este artículo. Son muchos los filósofos que niegan que sea posible aprender inductivamente desde la experiencia. Las objeciones más conocidas al método inductivo provienen de DavidHume y posteriormente de Karl Popper, que, entre otros, rechazan toda posibilidad de una lógica inductiva.

This book is a compilation of maxims and quotations from a variety of well-known military strategists, military theorists, military commanders, philosophers, historians, scholars, and presidents and heads of state, from both the United States and abroad. The overall theme of the book is Air Power, and it is divided into the following sections: Theory of War; Patriotism; Air, Space, and Cyber Power; Doctrine; Education, Training, and Lessons Learned; Preparedness, Security, and Force Protection; Planning; Leadership and Professionalism; Character and Leadership Traits; Technology; Logistics; Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance; Unmanned Aerial Vehicles; Information and Communications; Joint Perspectives; Coalition Operations; Air Power at War; and Irregular Warfare/Counterinsurgency., ISBN 978-1-58566-165-7

The course has two main goals: First, to give you a sense of what philosophers think about and why. This will be done through consideration of some perennial philosophical problems, e.g., the existence of God, reason and faith, personal identity and immortality, freewill, moral responsibility, and standards for moral conduct. We will draw on readings by important figures in the history of philosophy as well as contemporary authors. The second goal is to develop your philosophical skills, and your critical and argumentative skills more generally.

Did Wittgenstein violently threaten Karl Popper with a poker on the cold evening of 25 October 1946 at a meeting of Moral Sciences Club in Cambridge? Responding to this question is the wonderful pretext that the authors use to introduce the rich world and characters of mid-twenteith century philosophy. They grab their readers' imaginations by latching onto this concrete, legendary, event - the alleged aggressive weilding of a poker - at what many would have imagined to be an utterly civilised, if not downright dull, philosophical meeting. Through this investigation, they bring to life not only the characters in this drama, both principal and supporting, but they also put flesh on the bones of the historical contexts from which some great philosophical ideas have emerged.

Since its national debut in 1987, Fresh Air with Terry Gross has been a highly acclaimed and much adored weekday magazine among public radio listeners. Each week, nearly 4.8 million people turn to Peabody Award-winning host Terry Gross for insightful conversations with the leading voices in contemporary arts and issues. The renowned program reaches a global audience, with over 620 public radio stations broadcasting Fresh Air, and 3 million podcast downloads each week. Fresh Air has broken the mold of 'talk show' by weaving together superior journalism and intimate storytelling from modern-day intellectuals, politicians and artists alike. Through probing questions and careful research, Gross's interviews are lauded for revealing a fresh perspective on cultural icons and trends. Her thorough conversations are often complemented by commentary from well-known contributors. Fresh Air is produced at WHYY-FM in Philadelphia and broadcast nationally by NPR., (1.) RUTH KLUGER is the author of the new memoir, 'Still Alive: A Holocaust Girlhood Remembered' (The Feminist Press). KLUGER was ten years old when she and her mother were deported to the Jewish 'ghetto' Theresienstadt. From there they were sent to Auschwitz and the young KLUGER survived to go to the work camp Christianstadt by lying about her age. Her memoir 'Still Alive' was published in Germany in 1992 and has just been published in the U.S. KLUGER became a distinguished professor of German and is professor emerita at the University of California, Irvine. (THIS INTERVIEW CONTINUES INTO THE SECOND HALF OF THE SHOW).(2.) Book critic MAUREEN CORRIGAN reviews 'Wittgenstein's Poker' (Ecco Press) by British journalists David Edmonds & John Eidinow.

Full Text, Thesis (PhD Doctorate), Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), School of Humanities, Arts, Education and Law, Dugald Stewart was an influential teacher and philosopher during the final years of the Scottish Enlightenment. Until recently he has been seen as merely a significant expositor of Thomas Reid's common sense philosophy. This thesis does not attempt to assess the novelty of Stewart's writings in relation to his Scottish predecessors such as Reid: rather, it offers a detailed historical study of aspects of his work, placing them in the political and cultural context of the period following the French Revolution. Two questions stimulated this thesis. First, what prompted Stewart, a moral philosopher who was not an experimental philosopher, to write a major work on methodology? Second, why was there a gap of twenty-two years between the first volume of his Elements of the Philosophy of the Human Mind (1792) and the second (1814), which contained his methodological treatise? I aim to answer these questions by offering a contextual intellectual history of some important aspects of Stewart's work. The thesis argues that Stewart faced a new problem: he had to deal with attacks on moral philosophy - the core subject of the Edinburgh University curriculum - some of which were produced by institutional and political factors affecting the Scottish universities, others by the rising authority of the experimental physical sciences. I consider a selection of Stewart's writings in the light of this problem. In 1804 Stewart's own student, Francis Jeffrey, gave public voice to the charge that the science of mind (which constituted the central part of Scottish common sense philosophy) was outdated, unscientific and useless. Thereafter, Stewart was engaged in what he saw as an urgent task - the defence of the very status of philosophy and the role of the philosopher. The thesis considers some of his major works (and other writings) from this perspective: Philosophical Essays (1810) contained his first direct retort to Jeffrey; Stewart's treatment of methodology in Elements of the Philo

Dugald Stewart was an influential teacher and philosopher during the final years of the Scottish Enlightenment. Until recently he has been seen as merely a significant expositor of Thomas Reid's common sense philosophy. This thesis does not attempt to assess the novelty of Stewart's writings in relation to his Scottish predecessors such as Reid: rather, it offers a detailed historical study of aspects of his work, placing them in the political and cultural context of the period following the French Revolution. Two questions stimulated this thesis. First, what prompted Stewart, a moral philosopher who was not an experimental philosopher, to write a major work on methodology? Second, why was there a gap of twenty-two years between the first volume of his Elements of the Philosophy of the Human Mind (1792) and the second (1814), which contained his methodological treatise? I aim to answer these questions by offering a contextual intellectual history of some important aspects of Stewart's work. The thesis argues that Stewart faced a new problem: he had to deal with attacks on moral philosophy - the core subject of the Edinburgh University curriculum - some of which were produced by institutional and political factors affecting the Scottish universities, others by the rising authority of the experimental physical sciences. I consider a selection of Stewart's writings in the light of this problem. In 1804 Stewart's own student, Francis Jeffrey, gave public voice to the charge that the science of mind (which constituted the central part of Scottish common sense philosophy) was outdated, unscientific and useless. Thereafter, Stewart was engaged in what he saw as an urgent task - the defence of the very status of philosophy and the role of the philosopher. The thesis considers some of his major works (and other writings) from this perspective: Philosophical Essays (1810) contained his first direct retort to Jeffrey; Stewart's treatment of methodology in Elements of the Philo, Thesis (PhD Doctorate), Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), School of Humanities, Arts, Education and Law, Full Text

by Chan Wai-keung., Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999., Includes bibliographical references (leaves [116-121])., s in English and Chinese., CONTENTS, INTRODUCTION, Chapter CHAPTER 1. --- THE EARLY YEARS, Chapter CHAPTER 2. --- DISCURSION AND AMBIVALENCE: QIAN MU'S MIND ON CULTURE BEFORE1930, Chapter CHAPTER 3. --- THE CULTURAL CONSERVATISM OF QIANMUFROM 1930 TO1949, Chapter CHAPTER 4. --- THE CHOICE OF QIAN MU: AN INTERPRETATION, CONCLUSION, GLOSSARY, BIBLIOGRAPHY, http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5889922, Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Church discusses the amicus brief to the US Supreme Court in the companion assisted suicide cases of "Washington v. Glucksberg" and "Vacco v. Quill," in which six philosophers offer their views. The philosophers' charge--that prohibiting physician-assisted suicide can only be based on impermissible sectarian religious or ethical premises--can be raised against their "neutral" liberal argument itself.

溫偉耀., 稿本(電腦打印本), Thesis (Ph. D.)--香港中文大學歷史學部, 1990., Gao ben (dian nao da yin ben), Includes bibliographical references (leaves 233-246)., Wen Weiyao., Thesis (Ph. D.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue li shi xue bu, 1990., 凡例, Chapter 第一章 --- 序論：關於二程子的硏究 --- p.1, Chapter 一. --- 民國以來二程子思想硏究的發展 --- p.3, Chapter (甲) --- 中日戰爭以前的二程硏究 --- p.4, Chapter (乙) --- 由抗戰至六零年代的二程硏究 --- p.8, Chapter (丙) --- 牟宗三的《心體與性體》及其影響 --- p.11, Chapter (丁) --- 八零年代二程研究的發展 --- p.16, Chapter 二. --- 綜論二程硏究的問題及本論文的寫作立場 --- p.22, Chapter 第二章 --- 程明道即「一本」言工夫之義理格局 --- p.32, Chapter ´ؤ. --- 引言：「一本」之境界 --- p.32, Chapter 二. --- 「一本」境界之内涵與義理格局 --- p.39, Chapter (甲) --- 「一本」論作為一種圓頓的觀照境界 --- p.40, Chapter (1) --- 通過「本體」統攝「存在」從把持本源的統攝意向破分別相的境界 --- p.40, Chapter (2) --- 即「存在」即「本體」---絶對圓融之觀照境界 --- p.50, Chapter (乙) --- 「一本」論作為一種極度簡單化的生命情調 --- p.61, Chapter 三. --- 達至「一本」境界之工夫 --- p.72, Chapter (甲) --- 體悟-境界的提昇、意識的轉化 --- p.74, Chapter (乙) --- 漸悟漸修-「誠、敬、憤獨」的把持工夫 --- p.84, Chapter 第三章 --- 程伊川之致知與涵養工夫 --- p.92, Chapter ´ؤ. --- 引言-伊川工夫論之一般性格 --- p.92, Chapter 二. --- 伊川格物窮理致知工夫之疑難 --- p.95, Chapter (甲) --- 「格物窮理致知」的道德實踐意義 --- p.95, Chapter (乙) --- 疏解伊川「格物、致知」工夫的偏差 --- p.100, Chapter (1) --- 將伊川「格物窮理」工夫類比於近代西方的科學歸納法 --- p.101, Chapter (2) --- 將朱熹的「格物致知」論套入伊川的理解之中 --- p.105, Chapter (3) --- 伊川「格物致知」工夫的不同層次 --- p.112, Chapter 三. --- 伊川「格物、致知」之現象學與存有論的詮釋 --- p.117, Chapter (甲) --- 通過讀聖賢典籍去提昇自己的道德生命 --- p.117, Chapter (1) --- 讀書與道德生命的提昇 --- p.119, Chapter (2) --- 對聖賢典籍的再體驗 --- p.125, Chapter (乙) --- 體察歴史人物經歷以把握為聖之道 --- p.129, Chapter (1) --- 讀史與道德生命的提昇 --- p.130, Chapter (2) --- 對歷史的具體解悟 --- p.136, Chapter (丙) --- 居敬集義-透過待人接物的生活去提昇自己的道德生命 --- p.141, Chapter (1) --- 待人之道與道德生命的提昇 --- p.146, Chapter (2) --- 接物之道與道德生命的提昇 --- p.154, Chapter (3) --- 「敬」作為涵養的工夫 --- p.173, Chapter (丁) --- 觀天地萬物氣象而感應德性生命之義理 --- p.181, Chapter (1) --- 觀物察己的本體學根據 --- p.182, Chapter (2) --- 觀物察己的工夫 --- p.195, Chapter (3) --- 再論「聞見之知」與「德性之知」 --- p.204, Chapter 第四章 --- 視域與觀照：二程子工夫論之會通 --- p.209, Chapter 一. --- 對二程同異的不同立場 --- p.210, Chapter 二. --- 二程所鋪陳的成聖之道 --- p.215, Chapter (甲) --- 從二程生平經歴看二人之學術關係 --- p.215, Chapter (乙) --- 程伊川的轉向 --- p.219, Chapter (1) --- 伊川貫通「未發」與「已發」的工夫見解 --- p.219, Chapter (2) --- 視域與觀照：伊川的「修」與「悟」 --- p.227, Chapter (丙) --- 修-悟-把持 --- p.230, 參考資料選輯 --- p.233, Chapter ´ؤ. --- 二程生平著作古籍原典 --- p.233, Chapter 二. --- 民國以來直接論二程的著作（按寫作先後排列） --- p.234, Chapter 三. --- 中文、日文參考書目 --- p.238, Chapter 四. --- 外文參考書目 --- p.241, http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5895406, Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

馮耀明 = Fung Yiu-ming., Thesis (Ph. D.)--香港中文大學硏究院中國文化硏究學部, 1984., Manuscript., Includes bibliographical references (p. 575-578)., Feng Yaoming = Fung Yiu-ming., Thesis (Ph. D.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue yan jiu yuan Zhongguo wen hua yan jiu xue bu, 1984., 論文提要 --- p.(I), Chapter 第一章 --- 《公孫龍》的名實觀與離藏論 --- p.1, Chapter 1 --- 引言 --- p.1, Chapter 2 --- 《白馬論》的邏輯結構 --- p.4, Chapter 3 --- 謂詞與個體名之區分 --- p.31, Chapter 4 --- 唯名論還是實在論？ --- p.40, Chapter 5 --- 固定意指與偶然意指之區分 --- p.57, Chapter 6 --- 指、物指與物 --- p.88, Chapter 7 --- 《指物論》的存有論論旨 --- p.107, Chapter 8 --- 離藏論與名實觀 --- p.133, Chapter 第二章 --- 《墨辯》的知識論與名辯觀 --- p.149, Chapter 1 --- 引言 --- p.149, Chapter 2 --- 知之條件、方式、內容及對象 --- p.152, Chapter 3 --- 言辯和真理的問題 --- p.172, Chapter 4 --- 名實的問題 --- p.198, Chapter 5 --- 辯¨®Ơ方式之限制 --- p.235, Chapter 6 --- 加詞、變詞的問題 --- p.244, Chapter 第三章 --- 《莊子》的不可¨®Ơ論與實踐哲學 --- p.289, Chapter 1 --- 引言 --- p.289, Chapter 2 --- 積極的懷疑論 --- p.293, Chapter 3 --- 辯無勝與是非未可定的問題 --- p.302, Chapter 4 --- 言與知之極限問題 --- p.319, Chapter 5 --- 物與道之區分：可¨®Ơ與不可¨®Ơ --- p.333, Chapter 6 --- 道真的不可言¨®Ơ嗎？ --- p.345, Chapter 7 --- 實踐的超越進路 --- p.376, Chapter 第四章 --- 《荀子》的實踐之知與正名論 --- p.394, Chapter 1 --- 引言 --- p.394, Chapter 2 --- 學與知 --- p.398, Chapter 3 --- 認知心與統類心 --- p.309, Chapter 4 --- 以仁識心和以智識心 --- p.419, Chapter 5 --- 心與道之関係 --- p.429, Chapter 6 --- 正名與正言 --- p.458, Chapter 7 --- 制名的原則與方法 --- p.474, Chapter 8 --- 破三惑 --- p.496, Chapter 第五章 --- 結論 --- p.508, Chapter 1 --- 四家的思想進路與理論宗趣 --- p.508, Chapter 2 --- 四家學¨®Ơ在哲學和哲學文上的意義 --- p.516, Chapter 3 --- 方法學的問題 --- p.525, 附註 --- p.537, 參考書目 --- p.575, http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5895515, Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Since its national debut in 1987, Fresh Air with Terry Gross has been a highly acclaimed and much adored weekday magazine among public radio listeners. Each week, nearly 4.8 million people turn to Peabody Award-winning host Terry Gross for insightful conversations with the leading voices in contemporary arts and issues. The renowned program reaches a global audience, with over 620 public radio stations broadcasting Fresh Air, and 3 million podcast downloads each week. Fresh Air has broken the mold of 'talk show' by weaving together superior journalism and intimate storytelling from modern-day intellectuals, politicians and artists alike. Through probing questions and careful research, Gross's interviews are lauded for revealing a fresh perspective on cultural icons and trends. Her thorough conversations are often complemented by commentary from well-known contributors. Fresh Air is produced at WHYY-FM in Philadelphia and broadcast nationally by NPR., INT.1: Nien Cheng. A former executive for Shell Oil in Beijing, Cheng was imprisoned and tortured for six and-a-half years during the Cultural Revolution. Her book, Life and Death in Shanghai, recounts her experience and the turmoil that gripped China from 1966 to 1976. REV.1: Rock historian Ed Ward profiles The Remains, a Boston-based rock group he says combined the virtuosity of folk with the toughness of rock and roll. INT.2: Carl Finch, founder of Brave Combo, a polka group that uses the polka beat to drive all their music, be it a rendition of "Purple Haze" or a traditional polka standard. They have a new album out called "Polkatharsis." REV.2: Book Critic John Leonard reviews two biographies of the French philosopher John Paul Sarte.

Since its national debut in 1987, Fresh Air with Terry Gross has been a highly acclaimed and much adored weekday magazine among public radio listeners. Each week, nearly 4.8 million people turn to Peabody Award-winning host Terry Gross for insightful conversations with the leading voices in contemporary arts and issues. The renowned program reaches a global audience, with over 620 public radio stations broadcasting Fresh Air, and 3 million podcast downloads each week. Fresh Air has broken the mold of 'talk show' by weaving together superior journalism and intimate storytelling from modern-day intellectuals, politicians and artists alike. Through probing questions and careful research, Gross's interviews are lauded for revealing a fresh perspective on cultural icons and trends. Her thorough conversations are often complemented by commentary from well-known contributors. Fresh Air is produced at WHYY-FM in Philadelphia and broadcast nationally by NPR., INT.1: Lawyer Martin Garbus, who has written of serving as a witness at trials in South Africa, Chile and the Soviet Union. Gorbus is known for his work on First Amendment issues. REV.1: Rock historian Ed Ward listens back to the first recording session of Elvis Presley, which mixed Blues with Country twang. INT.2: Artist Jenny Holzer, who takes her `sculptures' into public places through electronic display signs on which she broadcasts snippets of text, which she calls `truisms.' REV.2: Book Critic John Leonard will review Bruce Duffy's novel "The World As I Know It."

Pages of research draft notes by Mae Wynne McFarland on the life of 'Portuguese nobleman', Uriel Acosta.

Pages of research draft notes by Mae Wynne McFarland on the life of 'Portuguese nobleman', Uriel Acosta.

Pages of research draft notes by Mae Wynne McFarland on the life of 'Portuguese nobleman', Uriel Acosta.

Pages of research draft notes by Mae Wynne McFarland on the life of 'Portuguese nobleman', Uriel Acosta.

Pages of research draft notes by Mae Wynne McFarland on the life of 'Portuguese nobleman', Uriel Acosta.

Pages of research draft notes by Mae Wynne McFarland on the life of 'Portuguese nobleman', Uriel Acosta.

The problem which this thesis considers is the adequacy of Toulmin's layout of arguments as an accurate representation of the process of argumentation. This adequacy will be determined in view of four criteria, derived from the implications of Toulmin’s own concept of argumentation, which an accurate model of argumentation should meet: (1) It should be adequate to allow for the consideration of claims of fact, value, and policy. (2) It should accurately differentiate between neutral data and inferential statements. (3) It should allow for a clear correlation between data and claim. (4) It should operate as a flexible system. The central hypothesis is that Toulmin’s layout is not wholly valid: (1) that it is in many respects merely a semantic and schematic innovation derived from more traditional forms of 4 logic, (2) that it erroneously structures the argumentation process, and (3) that there is a tendency toward inconsistency and confusion regarding Toulmin's definition of argumentation and his model of it. Within the development of this hypothesis several additional purposes will be achieved.

The purpose of the writing Literary Paradoxes in the Philosophical Fragments of Soren Aabye Kierkegaardis to exhibit the paradoxes used in the Philosophical Fragments as well as to indicate techniques of deception employed by Kierkegaard for the purpose of shocking the reader into contemplation. Philosophical Fragments was chosen to point out the use of paradoxes in Kierkegaard's authorship because it is indicative of the whole Kierkegaardian problem of what it means to become a Christian. Data was gathered by reading the primary writings of the author as well as commentaries on his life and work by his translators and biographers. Quotations from Kierkegaard's Point of View were used to establish instances in which Kierkegaard admitted of the technique of deception. It was assumed that, since he was capable of admitted deception, he was very likely to have used deception which was not admitted but indicated by the nature of his authorship and personal mode of existence. In order to exhibit the paradoxes in a manner which would indicate to the reader the relationship of paradoxes, deception techniques used to attract attention, and the point of the authorship as a whole, Philosophical Fragments was summarized. Major paradoxes were quoted and apparent deceptions were pointed out as they appeared in context. A pattern was observed in the paradoxical relationships of three which Kierkegaard made use of in his discourse. The progression of the relationship pattern was indicated and found to be important in the exhibition of the paradoxes and in the relationship of Kierkegaard to his reader. In conclusion it was affirmed that Kierkegaard in approaching his reader used the method of shock by means other than those which he admitted being author to and that he was capable of deception as a deliberate technique. It was reiterated that the method of deceit was carried farther than his admission and remained for the reader to discover. Diagrams which exhibit the pattern of K

Dr. Durant (right), philosopher and historian, speaks at the University of Minnesota event. He is greeted by Dr. Teeter, director of the summer session.

2 p. l., iii-xxxiv, 801 p. 22 cm., Making of America (MOA), (dlps) AFW9076.0001.001, (lccallno) B 74 .L669 1857, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

Tributes to a recently deceased Roman physician and philosopher written by his colleagues., Contents: [Inscription by Pietro Lupi, Domenico Morichini, and Luigi Metaxà] -- [Inscription by Pietro Santandrea and Luigi Righetti] -- [Inscription by Giovanni Corsi and Benigno Epifani]

https://patrimoniodigital.ucm.es/r/thumbnail/692487, https://books.google.com/books/ucm?vid=UCM5323610305&printsec=frontcover&img=1, Ingresó en la Biblioteca Histórica procedente de la Facultad de Filología en 2000. - Encuadernado con otras obras. Encuadernación de pergamino., Nota a la edición: Marca tipográfica en portada, Nota a la descripción física: Sign.: A-B4, A-B4.

https://patrimoniodigital.ucm.es/r/thumbnail/692498, https://books.google.com/books/ucm?vid=UCM5324252170&printsec=frontcover&img=1, Ingresó en la Biblioteca Histórica procedente de la Facultad de Filología en 2000. - Encuadernación de pergamino, Nota a la edición: Marca tipográfica en portada, Nota a la descripción física: Sign.: A-B4, A-B4.

https://patrimoniodigital.ucm.es/r/thumbnail/626479, https://patrimoniodigital.ucm.es/r/item/5327135130

https://patrimoniodigital.ucm.es/r/thumbnail/626478, https://patrimoniodigital.ucm.es/r/item/5327670538

https://patrimoniodigital.ucm.es/r/thumbnail/724481, https://patrimoniodigital.ucm.es/r/item/5323849225

https://patrimoniodigital.ucm.es/r/thumbnail/693041, https://patrimoniodigital.ucm.es/r/item/5327670547

Tributes to a recently deceased Roman physician and philosopher written by his colleagues., Contents: [Inscription by Pietro Lupi, Domenico Morichini, and Luigi Metaxà] -- [Inscription by Pietro Santandrea and Luigi Righetti] -- [Inscription by Giovanni Corsi and Benigno Epifani]

Print shows the "Light of Reason" shining from the upper right, illuminating bust portraits of "Johannes Kepler, I. Kant, Th. Paine, Jefferson, B. de Spinoza, Franklin, Voltaire, E. H. Haeckel, Tyndall, Huxley, [and] Darwin." The light is blocked by a large umbrella labeled "Bigotry, Supernaturalism, [and] Fanaticism," behind which are hiding various members of the clergy, including the Pope, Henry Ward Beecher, and Thomas De Witt Talmage. In the upper left, a vignette shows three female figures around an infant in a crib, with caption "God made Man and Endowed him with Free Will, Memory, and Understanding." In the lower right is another vignette showing the Pope and other members of the clergy torturing a man, filling him with "Superstition," with caption, "But it took a Deal of Altering in the Man before he could be made a 'Good Citizen'."

2 p. l., iii-xxxiv, 801 p. 22 cm., Making of America (MOA), (dlps) AFW9076.0001.001, (lccallno) B 74 .L669 1857, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

Photocopies of library cards., David Farr, research assistant., Spine title.

Professor David Swenson (left) listens while Professor Norman Wilde (center), chairman of the philosophy department of the University of Minnesota, speaks to the club at the West hotel. The man on the right is unidentified.

Le croisement entre la diffusion de la libre pensée à Naples (notamment les nouveaux modèles scientifiques et philosophiques introduits par la pensée de Descartes) et la présence d’une bourgeoisie émergente et engagée, à travers les professions juridiques, dans une lutte contre les privilèges féodaux, a donné au début des Lumières napolitaines des caractéristiques très particulières tout autant dans le domaine de l’histoire culturelle que dans les dynamiques institutionnelles du royaume. Pietro Giannone et Costantino Grimaldi ont été deux protagonistes, également malheureux, de cette époque., At the beginning of 17th century, in Naples there was a peculiar intersection between the development of free thinking (based on the diffusion of the Cartesian thought both in philosophy and in the scientific researches) and the issue of a powerful middle class that engaged a successful battle against the feudals prerogatives, thanks to their juridical skills. This situation gave to the Neapolitan Enlightenment a peculiarity both in the cultural life and in the politics of the kingdom. Pietro Giannone and Costantino Grimaldi was two protagonists of this age and they had the same misfortune.

Ehrmann was born in Terre Haute, Indiana. He attended DePauw University and edited the DePauw Weekly. He later studied law and philosophy at Harvard. He worked as a lawyer at his brother's overall factory in Terre Haute, but really wanted to be a writer. He wrote "A Prayer" in 1903. It was displayed at the 1904 World's Fair, and published in the Congressional Record in 1909. He wrote the prose poem "Desiderata" in 1927. In 1971 a recording of the poem Desiderata made it to the Top 10 chart, and won a Grammy Award the following year., An artist wearing a smock and holding a palette with dabs of paint on it stands in front of a painted portrait of Max Ehrmann. Mr. Ehrmann is posed in a chair slightly behind the artist's easel. Another canvas depicting a dog is on the floor.