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Digital twins of complex technical objects are widely applied for various domains, rapidly becoming smart, cognitive and autonomous. However, the problem of digital twins for autonomous management of enterprise resources is still not fully researched. In this paper, an autonomous digital twin of enterprise is introduced to provide knowledge-based multi-agent adaptive allocation, scheduling, optimization, monitoring and control of tasks and resources in real time, synchronized with employees' plans, preferences and competencies via mobile devices. The main requirements for adaptive resource management are analyzed. The authors propose formalized ontological and multi-agent models for developing the autonomous digital twin of enterprise. A method and software toolset for designing the autonomous digital twin of enterprise, applicable for both operational management of tasks and resources and what-if simulations, are developed. The validation of developed methods and toolsets for IT service desk has proved increase in efficiency, as well as savings in time and costs of deliveries for various applications. The paper also outlines a plan for future research, as well as a number of new potential business applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]