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Pages of research draft notes by Mae Wynne McFarland on the life of 'Portuguese nobleman', Uriel Acosta.

Pages of research draft notes by Mae Wynne McFarland on the life of 'Portuguese nobleman', Uriel Acosta.

Pages of research draft notes by Mae Wynne McFarland on the life of 'Portuguese nobleman', Uriel Acosta.

Pages of research draft notes by Mae Wynne McFarland on the life of 'Portuguese nobleman', Uriel Acosta.

Pages of research draft notes by Mae Wynne McFarland on the life of 'Portuguese nobleman', Uriel Acosta.

Pages of research draft notes by Mae Wynne McFarland on the life of 'Portuguese nobleman', Uriel Acosta.

The problem which this thesis considers is the adequacy of Toulmin's layout of arguments as an accurate representation of the process of argumentation. This adequacy will be determined in view of four criteria, derived from the implications of Toulmin’s own concept of argumentation, which an accurate model of argumentation should meet: (1) It should be adequate to allow for the consideration of claims of fact, value, and policy. (2) It should accurately differentiate between neutral data and inferential statements. (3) It should allow for a clear correlation between data and claim. (4) It should operate as a flexible system. The central hypothesis is that Toulmin’s layout is not wholly valid: (1) that it is in many respects merely a semantic and schematic innovation derived from more traditional forms of 4 logic, (2) that it erroneously structures the argumentation process, and (3) that there is a tendency toward inconsistency and confusion regarding Toulmin's definition of argumentation and his model of it. Within the development of this hypothesis several additional purposes will be achieved.

The purpose of the writing Literary Paradoxes in the Philosophical Fragments of Soren Aabye Kierkegaardis to exhibit the paradoxes used in the Philosophical Fragments as well as to indicate techniques of deception employed by Kierkegaard for the purpose of shocking the reader into contemplation. Philosophical Fragments was chosen to point out the use of paradoxes in Kierkegaard's authorship because it is indicative of the whole Kierkegaardian problem of what it means to become a Christian. Data was gathered by reading the primary writings of the author as well as commentaries on his life and work by his translators and biographers. Quotations from Kierkegaard's Point of View were used to establish instances in which Kierkegaard admitted of the technique of deception. It was assumed that, since he was capable of admitted deception, he was very likely to have used deception which was not admitted but indicated by the nature of his authorship and personal mode of existence. In order to exhibit the paradoxes in a manner which would indicate to the reader the relationship of paradoxes, deception techniques used to attract attention, and the point of the authorship as a whole, Philosophical Fragments was summarized. Major paradoxes were quoted and apparent deceptions were pointed out as they appeared in context. A pattern was observed in the paradoxical relationships of three which Kierkegaard made use of in his discourse. The progression of the relationship pattern was indicated and found to be important in the exhibition of the paradoxes and in the relationship of Kierkegaard to his reader. In conclusion it was affirmed that Kierkegaard in approaching his reader used the method of shock by means other than those which he admitted being author to and that he was capable of deception as a deliberate technique. It was reiterated that the method of deceit was carried farther than his admission and remained for the reader to discover. Diagrams which exhibit the pattern of K