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This Thesis describes the development and experimental testing of a new type of single-crystal chemical vapour deposition (CVD) diamond diagnostic instrument for synchrotron X-ray radiation. This pixelated detector is capable of non-destructively imaging the X-ray beam, and can remain in the beam path for the duration of synchrotron experiments. The detector can measure the position, profile, and flux of an incident beam. It has applications in beam position and profile monitoring, enabling active beam feedback and stabilisation. The instrument utilises a single-crystal CVD diamond plate as the detector material, with laser-written conductive graphitic tracks embedded within the bulk diamond used as electrodes. The resulting instrument is an all-carbon X-ray imaging detector. Within the instrument's transmissive aperture there is no surface metallization that could absorb X-rays, and no surface structures that could be damaged by exposure to synchrotron X-ray beams. The all-carbon design ensures that there is no danger of electrode materials introducing new absorption edges that may affect synchrotron experiments. A novel modulation lock-in readout scheme enables each pixel of the detector to be read out simultaneously. X-rays passing through the detector generate charge carriers within the bulk diamond through photoionisation, and these charge carriers travel to the nearest readout electrode under the influence of the modulated electrical bias. The signals from individual pixels are acquired by applying different modulation frequencies to different `bias' electrodes, and measuring the resulting signal amplitude of those frequencies on perpendicular `readout' electrodes. The system is designed to provide 100 frames per second image acquisition. This instrument overcomes many of the issues associated with current generation synchrotron diagnostic instruments, enabling real-time and non-destructive X-ray beam profile measurements to be obtained.

Since the mid-20th century, functionalist interpretations of sport have been drawn upon increasingly by a range of social actors to validate the promotion of sport to achieve nonsporting outcomes. As a rejoinder to the apolitical, uncritical, and evangelical accounts of SDP produced by academics and policy makers (Burnett, 2015), this study questioned or rejected outright many of the claims made for sport, and the Sport for Development and Peace (SDP) movement. Drawing on a critical sociological perspective, it is argued that the recent development of public policy for sport and the evolution of SDP are entwined with neoliberalism, liberal peacebuilding, and forms of social control. The study assesses the nascent Sport for Change (SfC) field in Belfast, a city undergoing a process of neoliberalisation for two decades. Sport is interpreted as a highly malleable form of political and cultural symbolism (Houlihan, 1997). Within the creation of the 'post conflict' hegemony which underpins the re-branding of 'post conflict' Belfast, the value of the power of sport discourse in civil and political society is in its utility to contribute to the symbolic or Potemkin transformation narrative (Nagle, 2009), an economics-led form of conflict transformation. A qualitative research programme, combining semi-structured interviews, three in-depth case studies and documentary analysis, was operationalised to address the complexities and rationale behind the deployment of sports-based programmes in neoliberal Belfast. Conceptually the research adopted a Marxist approach informed by a range of Gramscian concepts. It situates SfC initiatives in their economic, political, and social context, to illustrate the manufacturing of consent by the powerful through cultural means (Peters, 2010). The thesis presents SfC as a safe symbol of change in the cultural realm, within a stalled consociational settlement, wherein sport's primary value is as a vehicle facilitating a nascent rapprochement between cultural nationalism and unionism.

There is increased recognition that groundwater upwelling causes low oxygen in Atlantic salmon nests (redds), and reduces incubation success. Field data suggest patterns of groundwater upwelling are driven by seasonal hydrological variation. However, these data are currently limited to a small number of sites and are predominantly descriptive. Consequently, wavelet analysis was performed on a range of published and unpublished datasets that monitored oxygen concentration in the incubation zone of Atlantic salmon spawning rivers throughout the UK. This analysis demonstrated episodes of groundwater induced oxygen depletion in all locations and that groundwater upwelling was linked to antecedent and prevailing weather conditions. To test the possible effects of episodic periods of hypoxia on Atlantic salmon eggs, such as those caused by groundwater upwelling, an incubation facility was designed that enabled fine-scale control of oxygen depletion. Hypoxia in the earlier stages of development did not affect survival but caused alevin to hatch later in an underdeveloped state. Low oxygen conditions at the later stages of development reduced survival by 15% and caused premature hatching of severely underdeveloped alevin. Therefore, effective management of factors that influence groundwater upwelling is important to limit effects on incubating salmonids The membrane surrounding the Atlantic salmon egg is a barrier to oxygen diffusion, so its permeability influences oxygen supply to the embryo. Due to factors such as deoxygenated groundwater upwelling, oxygen supply varies among spawning locations and could drive inter-population membrane architecture variation. Electron microscopy egg membrane permeability of five UK Atlantic salmon populations varied substantially, and eggs with the lowest permeability were most susceptible to hypoxia-induced mortality. Therefore, variation in egg membrane structure could represent adaptation to oxygen stress, such as that caused by deoxygenated groundwater upwelling, and reinforces the importance of maintaining genetic integrity of distinct populations.

Men develop coronary artery disease (CAD) approximately 10 years earlier and die of CAD more frequently (2:1) than age-matched women. This sexual dimorphism is even more striking in abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) – the ratio of affected men to women is as high as 6:1. A major biological difference between both sexes is the exclusive presence of the Y chromosome in men. Haplogroup I of the Y chromosome increases the risk of CAD by ~50% compared to other Y chromosome lineages. The analysis of ~1940 men from 3 cohorts recruited from the general European population revealed that the association between haplogroup I and CAD is not driven by conventional cardiovascular risk factors BMI, blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL-C, triglycerides, LDL-C, glucose, aggression (total aggression, physical aggression, verbal aggression, hostility, anger) or sex steroids (testosterone, androstenedione, DHEA-S, estrone, oestradiol). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that none of “Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes” (KEGG) pathways were differentially regulated in monocytes between men from haplogroup I and all other lineages. In contrast, 30 KEGG pathways showed differential expression between haplogroup I and other lineages of the Y chromosome in transcriptome-wide analysis of macrophages. Of these, 19 pathways were interconnected by common genes of adaptive immunity and the inflammatory response. In gene-centred analysis of the Y chromosome, carriers of haplogroup I also showed significant down-regulation of two X-degenerate male specific Y chromosome genes (PRKY and UTY) in macrophages (P=0.001 and P=0.0001) but not in monocytes (P=0.181, and P=0.611). Meta-analysis of 3 cohorts of British and Irish men revealed that the presence of haplogroup I was not associated with predisposition to AAA. Neither conventional CAD risk factors nor male-associated/sex-specific phenotypes appear to drive the increased risk of CAD in carriers of haplogroup I. Furthermore, these results show that immune system and response to inflammation may mediate the association between Y chromosome and CAD. The absence of association between the Y chromosome and AAA suggest differences in the pathogenesis of sexual dimorphism of AAA and CAD.

With new and innovative efforts occurring within higher education, it is important to analyze these efforts. The purpose of this study was to examine competency-based education (CBE), and to improve and expand the research that exists related to CBE; while also describing a difference in degree completion proportion between CBE and the traditional credit hour learning delivery method. The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), which tracks degree completion in the field of higher education, does not currently distinguish between the traditional credit hour and CBE methods although approximately 40% of undergraduate students overall do not complete their degree. A comparative quasi experimental design was conducted comparing delivery methods and degree completion proportion, while using a sample of full-time undergraduate students in higher education from each method and from 13 selected private colleges and universities. The groups were compared to each other to determine if differences exist. Findings indicate that as related to delivery method (CBE and traditional credit hour) and degree completion differences exist between the two groups. The areas which revealed a higher magnitude of strength were that of the female gender, students age 25 or older, institution attended, and the distance education only mode of delivery. Based on the testing that was completed, those areas also exceeded completion expectations within the CBE group. Findings can assist higher education decision makers as to efforts beyond the traditional delivery. Keywords: Competency-based education, personalized learning, degree completion. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will detect the gravitational wave emissions from a vast number of astrophysical sources, but extracting useful information about individual sources or source types is an extremely challenging prospect; the large number of parameters governing the behaviour of some sources make exhaustively searching this parameter space computationally expensive. We investigate the potential of an alternative approach, with a focus on detecting the presence of particular inspiraling binary source signals within a timeseries of gravitational wave data, and quickly providing estimates of their coalescence times. Specically, we use Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to identify redundancy within the parameter space of Extreme Mass Ratio Inspiral (EMRI) sources and construct a new, smaller parameter space containing only relevant signal information. We then create a simple search method based on how gravitational wave signals project into this new parameter space. Test cases indicate that a small number of principal components span a space occupied by the majority of EMRI spectrograms, but non-EMRI signals (including noise) do not inhabit this space. A PCA-based search method is capable of indicating the presence of gravitational waves from EMRI sources within a new test spectrogram. The results of our PCA-based searches show that the method could be used to provide initial estimates of EMRI coalescence times quickly, to be used as initial data for a more thorough search.

Gradual downstream fining in gravel bed rivers is often followed by a spatially rapid switch to a sand bed. These gravel-sand transitions (GSTs) can occur in rock types where abrasion rates are low. A common factor is declining shear stress towards base level causing size selective sorting. This study investigates the characteristics of visually abrupt GSTs in two streams of different size and morphology (AlIt Dubhaig, Scotland and Vedder River, British Columbia, Canada). A one-dimensional numerical model of width-averaged size selective gravel sorting is enhanced to simulate gravel-sand mixtures. The updated model fails to generate a GST unless an abrupt break of slope is specified at the start of a run, although only one of the fieldsites exhibits this feature today. This finding suggests that additional processes are crucial to initiate a GST. A qualitative method of assessing bed surface facies is developed. This is shown to be quantitatively accurate in predicting the bed surface sand range and, when combined with bulk bed grain size distributions (GSDs), indicates a that threshold exists for gravel bed sand content. Above this threshold the channel bed facies switches from gravel framework to sand matrix causing a non-linear relationship between bulk and areal sand content. Laterally-distributed sampling shows alternation in width-averaged GSD along Vedder River above the GST, with gravel bar samples having higher D50 and lower sand proportion than those between bars. The channel bed exhibits a sandier GSD above the GST than would be indicated by inspection. The drop in D50 and increase in sand proportion across the GST is of similar magnitude to that associated with bars upstream although the change in grain size is extremely abrupt in surface appearance. Beyond the last gravel bar there is a much greater lateral variability in facies than either upstream or downstream. Point sampling of GSDs, which tends to be done on bars, may be inadequate to characterise the GST or positively misleading. Evidence from subsurface probing investigations and bed surface sedimentology indicates a slowly prograding gravel front. The position of the front is dependent on near-bed hydraulics. A fine-gravel tracer experiment shows that the transport of these sizes in the GST reach is size selective, although this is not the case in the distal gravel reach. Field characterisation indicates that the crucial processes missing from the model include: the overwhelming of a gravel framework bed by sand, as the threshold for sand storage is approached, leading to an increased availability of sand on the bed surface; and the lateral sorting of sediment into patches of different ambient grain size, further increasing the availability of the fine fraction.

The biosynthesis of fungal metabolites from acetate is discussed for those cases in which radioactively labelled acetate has been fed to the organism and degradation studies pursued. The previous chemistry of glauconic acid is discussed. Structural studies on isoglauconic acid acetate are described. Sodium-1 14 C- and 2- 14C acetate have been fed to Penicillium purpurogenum and the radio-active glauconic acids systematically degraded and the activity of 15 of the 18 carbon atoms of glauconic acid determined accurately (1 singly, 14 as pairs). The experimental data are consistent with the following suggestions regarding the biosynthesis of glauconic acid: (1) The molecule is made from two 9-carbon units. (2) Each 9-carbon unit is further made up of a 6-carbon unit and a 3-carbon unit. (3) The 6-carbon unit is made by the head-to-tail linkage of three acetate units. (4) The 3-carbon unit appears to be derived via the tricarboxylic acid cycle. (5) One of the carbons of the 3-carbon unit is subject to labelling by carbon dioxide.

The functions of biological macromolecules are discussed in relation to their structure as linear polymers adopting specific conformations. If such molecules can be crystallised, their three dimensional structure can be determined at atomic resolution by the methods of X-ray crystallography whose applicability to the analysis of protein structures is considered. This is followed by an account of their application in the study of a glycolytic enzyme, triose phosphate isomerase (TIM), leading up to the calculation of an electron density map at 2.5 Å resolution. The characteristics of crystals of chicken TIM are described and a detailed account is given of the measurement of X-ray diffracted intensities, the determination and refinement of the positions of heavy atom binding in isomorphous derivatives of TIM, and their subsequent use for calculating the phases of the protein structure factors. The search which was conducted for possible heavy atom derivatives produced several which have two sulphydryl sites in common. The problems resulting from these common sites and the systematic errors they can cause in the phase determination are examined in relation to the suitability of different methods of refinement in this situation. The electron density map of TIM at 6 Å Resolution is described and a preliminary discussion of the 2.5 Å map is given.

The following dissertation provides a thorough literature review of internet pornography and internet pornography addiction for psychologists treating heterosexual couples in therapy and those training said clinicians. Factors that contribute to the development of compulsive sexual behavior are discussed, as well as how the addiction is maintained through reinforcing cycles. Factors including neuropsychological effects of neurotransmitters on the pleasure-reward system, insecure attachment, and childhood development provide insight into the manifestation of an addiction to pornography. Therefore, a thorough literature review on these aspects is necessary for current clinicians, as well as for those who are training clinicians. In addition, questionnaires that can aid clinicians in the assessment of couples in treatment will be addressed, followed by issues of clinical attention to be incorporated in the initial assessment process. Last, Emotion Focused Therapy and Gottman Method Couples Therapy will be explored as methods for treatment of couples with a partner who has an addiction to pornography.

Youth-adult partnerships (Y-APs) and youth voice promotion are best practices within the youth development sector, but youth development workers receive little training or guidance in employing these concepts. A scarcity of research explores the relationships between organizational supports, as demonstrated by training, supervision, evaluation, and worker engagement in promoting youth voice. The two studies within this dissertation investigated the social processes of how and why youth development workers promoted youth voice. Program participants were primarily youth of color living in areas of high multidimensional poverty. They also explored how and why organizational factors impacted the promotion of youth voice within programmatic contexts. Three aims were established in pursuit of this goal: 1) describe the relationship between organizational support, as demonstrated by job clarity and supervision, and youth development worker promotion of youth voice 2) develop a context-specific framework describing the necessary conditions for high youth voice promotion and 3) develop a context-specific framework describing the social process of youth development workers promoting youth voice while experiencing varying degrees of organization support. Questions supporting these aims included: 1) What processes do youth development workers engage in when promoting youth voice? 2) What strategies do youth development workers employ when they face barriers in promoting youth voice? Furthermore, 3) How do youth development workers make meaning of their role within the organization and program? The approach to these studies was Constructivist Grounded Theory aided by Situational Analysis, which included methods of coding, memoing, relational and positional mapping, using in-depth interviews with 19 youth development workers. Results of Chapter 2 indicated that sharing experiences and internalizing social justice youth development principles resulted in adopting roles more congruent with high youth voice promotion. Organizational policies and restrictions acted as barriers for workers in promoting youth voice when they restricted flexibility in programmatic development. A context-specific framework entitled "Internalizing Social Justice Youth Development Principles: Conditions for Promoting High Levels of Youth Voice Programs” was produced. Results of Chapter 3 indicated a relationship between job role clarity and perceptions of self-efficacy for youth development workers in navigating conflict within programming. Higher levels of perceived self-efficacy led workers to adopt the stance "love them through it" and promote higher levels of individual youth voice. External factors, such as funding entities and youth development models, influenced the conceptualization of job roles for workers and led to the adoption of more educationally based foci. A context-specific framework entitled "Promoting Youth Voice: The Influence of Role Identity and Self-Efficacy in Youth-Adult Relationships” resulted from findings.

Abstract:Background: The impacts of social determinants of health (SDOH) have been found to adversely affect the current and long-term health status of people. In fact, all people are affected in some way by SDOH but the degree in which these determinants become barriers differs depending on the individual situation. This impact has yet to be assessed in how these barriers affect the ability of nursing students in their successful completion of nursing school. Those studies that have been analyzed in the literature with regards to health and college students are mostly assessing the impact of lifestyle choices such as binge drinking or smoking on health status. Purpose: The focus and purpose of this study is to assess the challenges presented by SDOH in nursing students and the effect they have on a student nurses’ perception of their overall health status. Design: This study used data from the 2019 California Newly Licensed RN Employment survey conducted by Health Impact California and disseminated from the California Board of Registered Nursing. The survey gathered data from 12,249 newly licensed nurses in the state of California. The response rate was 24.3% and 162 nurses did not meet inclusion criteria, resulting in a sample of 2,873 nurses. Methods: The dependent variable used in this study was the perceived overall health status as rated by the respondents. This variable was created as an ordinal variable in a Likert-like scale and was measured as: poor, quite poor, fair, quite good and very good. The independent variables used were also created Likert-like in design to capture a range of answers. The independent variables used were housing security, food security, trouble with clothing, utilities, child care, adult dependent care, medicine/healthcare, transportation, depression, stress, family economic status, and bias/discrimination. Descriptive analyses were conduct by the Health Impact team. Multivariate Ordinal logistic regressions were conducted using STATA 16.1 to find which SDOH had affected the nurse’s perceptions of overall health. Analyses were completed on overall health status initially with only the independent variables and then again with race/ethnicity as a moderating variable. Using race/ethnicity as a moderating variable was done in order to find out what, if any race/ethnicity, faced challenges with social determinants that are more pronounced. Results: It was found that of those who were accepted into the survey, 721 out of 2,873 of these nurses reported having some challenges related to SDOH (25.09%). The most common problem observed was the impact of depression on nurses perceived overall health. Depression was significant on every level of overall health, with and without race/ethnicity as a moderating variable. Other findings in the survey included the impacts of housing security, bias, and who was mostly affected based on race/ethnicity. Conclusion: While SDOH occur in everyone’s life, not all experience them in the same way. The effects of social determinants of health such as unstable housing, family socio-economic status and mental health barriers, have shown through this analysis to affect an individual’s perception of their overall health status. With all of the information gathered, it is imperative to remember that these are successful nurses in California and further research must be conducted to better understand the challenges nursing students face outside of the classroom

Worldwide many people, particularly women, do not have access to reproductive health services, and this is caused both by inadequate and restrictive legal frameworks in some countries, especially regarding access to safe abortion, and by other barriers that impede the achievement of reproductive justice. Reproductive health rights are recognised as integral to successful sustainable development and are included in the Agenda 2030. The role of civil society has been proved as crucial to promote sustainable changes in society. This research is studying the situation in Uganda, where, despite enormous improvements in reproductive health indicators in the last years, there are still several significant barriers and unsafe abortions represent a particular public health problem. This project sets out to explore the role of Ugandan non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in improving reproductive health and how this is impacted by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The objectives of the study are to: - Explore the role of NGOs in translating the SDGs targeted at reproductive health into local action; - Explore the role of NGOs in advocating for the promotion of reproductive justice; and - Elaborate the contribution of NGOs in bringing changes aimed at improving reproductive health. The methodology takes the form of an in-depth qualitative case study. The study focuses on two Ugandan NGOs that work on reproductive health and rights. Data collection comprised two main methods: document analysis and 21 online semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed with thematic analysis. This research contributes to the body of knowledge on the role of local NGOs in addressing reproductive health issues and translating ideas into policies and interventions. This study shows how collective work is necessary to bring about changes in a community and how it is possible to translate and adapt international norms and commitments to local contexts. On a theoretical level, this study applies the concept of capabilities, particularly collective capabilities, on the reproductive health field. It employs a recent model, the 3C-Model (Ibrahim, 2017), and contributes to its testing in analysing grass roots-led change. The findings indicates that local NGOs play a vital role to address community issues and concerns, to assess the specific needs and to deliver the necessary information and referral. This is even more crucial when working on topics such as reproductive health and abortion, which are often considered sensitive and controversial in certain communities.

This practice-based research project sits at the fault lines where medicine, technology and society meet. An exploration of the human experience of biotechnologies, it looks specifically at the 'new genetics' revolution born of advances in assisted reproductive techniques. Harnessing the vernacular potential of the family photograph as a typology, the project seeks to promote a discourse on the complex social and ethical issues posed by the application of embryo-screening technologies such as pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). In so doing, it aims to visualise what Sarah Franklin describes as the 'new kind of biological kinship' (2013: 32) that is shaping society from the cell-up. Inherently interdisciplinary, the project draws inspiration from a broad cross section of fields - neuroscience, anthropology, sociology, ethology, the medical sciences, art history and photography - breaking new ground in several ways. Firstly, in the body of work created with its unique focus upon the dominant users of these cutting-edge technologies, families living with rare disease. Secondly, in the theoretical and methodological approaches adopted which explore the interrelational potential of the photograph as an 'empathy-eliciting' tool and active 'visual cell'; ideas which challenge the tenets of the postmodern photographic discourse. A practice-based enquiry, the project occupies a 'performative' paradigm, incorporating as it does both traditional research methods alongside 'rich presentational forms' of data (Haseman; 2006). This pluralist methodology allows the design and creation of the new artworks to sit in harmony with both a theoretical exegesis and a pilot study evaluating the new works that incorporates both quantitative and qualitative methods. The findings which emerge from the latter, 'empathy experiment', show the new pieces to have been collectively successful in both activating empathy and in promoting a discourse on the personal and societal dilemmas posed by assisted reproductive technologies (ART). As a research output with the potential to generate further research acrossmultiple different fields of enquiry, the new artworks, in their purposeful design and 'empathy-eliciting' capacity, therefore exist as a novel contribution to knowledge.

Explanations of the sources, patterns and constraints for social change have long dominated cross-disciplinary debate from structural and social constructivist paradigms alike. This thesis questions the structure-agency hypothesis as incomplete and incapable of capturing the residual effects of related policy legacies and histories of institutional behavioural responses around previous policy interventions. This study traces the key developmental transitions in the campaign to achieve marriage equality in Northern Ireland (NI) as well as its key interactions with state-public actors. This research documents how the institutional exceptionalism of the NI legislature compacted the political advocacy of the LGBTQ+ reformist leadership, leading to the abandonment of the NI Assembly pathway in pursuit of other reform routes. Drawing upon discourse opportunity theory and discourse institutionalism, this thesis attributes key moments of discursive state-actor contest and equally, innovations from the pro-equality reformist leadership as crucial to lifting of the movement beyond an otherwise barren policy legacy on the matter of marriage equality. The study triangulates the use of thematic analysis of oppositional plenary statements, original interview data from the pro-equality campaign leadership and discourse historical analysis of campaign communications to explain divergence from a 'traditional' policy change route and the reformative discourses responsible for acclimating growing support for marriage equality in Northern Ireland. The findings of this study contribute to contemporary debates regarding the measurement of mobilization dynamics and operationalization of enduring movement impacts. Restricting academic explanations to solely structural attributions for change, absolves the critical role that movements play in the execution and management of cultural interference in wider social attitudinal transformations. As social scientists, we may help elucidate these processes by designing more inclusive, diverse data samples which are also multi-modal. Only then may we harness better applications of current mobilization-outcome knowledge and better integrations of variable methods of data collection and analysis.

This study addresses a need in the literature for a more complex and individual understanding of college student career exploration and decision-making (Soria & Stebleton, 2013; Zikic & Hall, 2009). After a literature review; self-concept, motivation, and self-efficacy were found to be linked to positive career exploratory behavior (Bandura, 1977; Powell, 2009; Shin & Kelly, 2013). Career exploration is beneficial to students and can increase mental health, sense of belongingness, satisfaction with major, and persistence in college (Bubic, 2014; Hinkelman & Luzzo, 2007; Ryan & Deci, 2000; Soria & Stebleton, 2013; Wright, Jenkins-Guarnieri, & Murdock, 2012). An undergraduate student’s personal narrative and two follow-up interviews on experience with career exploration in college were conducted to demonstrate how a student can develop self-concept and reflect on experiences in order to make meaningful career decisions. Four superordinate themes were identified through analysis of the narrative and interviews: social influences in education, environmental effect on decision-making, development of self-concept through experience, and making meaning of experience and decisions.

Three tuba recitals were given in lieu of a written dissertation. The repertoire chosen for these recitals demonstrated the solo capabilities of the bass and contrabass tubas by performing a wide range of music from the Baroque Period to present. The first recital featured sonatas from each of the nineteenth, twentieth, and twenty-first centuries; notably, Paul Hindemith’s Sonate is the first sonata written for the tuba. The second recital featured both original works and transcriptions that are standards in the tuba repertoire; additionally, the recital included the United States premiere performance of Andy Scott’s Deep Blue. The third recital utilized the solo tuba in contrasting chamber ensemble settings that explore modern extended techniques which are especially prevalent in David Lang’s Are You Experienced? and William Kraft’s Encounters II. Saturday, September 22, 2012, 5:00 p.m., Walgreen Drama Center, Stamps Auditorium, The University of Michigan. David Gilliland, piano. Johannes Brahms Cello Sonata in E minor, Op. 38 arranged by Phillip Bloomer; Paul Hindemith Sonate; Anthony Plog Tuba Sonata. Sunday, January 13, 2013, 2:00 p.m., Walgreen Drama Center, Stamps Auditorium, The University of Michigan. David Gilliland, piano. Georg Philipp Telemann Sonata in F Major, TWV 41:F3 transcribed by Kenneth Drobnak and edited by Phillip Bloomer; James Grant Fury I and Fury II from Three Furies for Solo Tuba; Robert Schumann Three Romances for Oboe and Piano, Op. 94 arranged by Phillip Bloomer; Andy Scott Deep Blue; Roland Szentpali Concerto. Saturday, February 23, 2013, 2:00 p.m., Earl V. Moore Building, McIntosh Theatre, The University of Michigan. Jonathan Caldwell, conductor; Ashleigh N. Miller, narrator. David Lang Are You Experienced?; William Kraft Encounters II; Henri Tomasi Etre ou ne pas Etre (To Be or Not To Be); Armand Russell Suite Concertante.

A striking feature in the participial category of Modern German and Modern English is polymorphy, the coexistence of two or more alternants for one participial slot (e.g. Modern German strong geglommen $\approx$ weak geglimmt, or Modern English strong drunken $\approx$ strong drunk). Proceeding from basic assumptions about the nature of the sign and the nature of morphological change, this dissertation tests selected concepts that have been presented in a linguistic framework called 'natural morphology.' First, I investigate the extent to which type and token frequency inhibit and promote polymorphy among participles with less-dominant morphological features. To this end, I classify the strong and irregular simplex verbs of Modern German and Modern English. This classification is based on phonetic properties of participles. Second, I take up participles that are in a polymorphic state, and examine alternation types for differences in four grammatical properties: formal weight, material weight, material transparency, and formal cohesion. To measure these properties, I introduce a scalar metric (1.00-4.00) based on typological and phonetic properties of verb forms. Third, I characterize participles according to non-morphological properties (syntax, phonetics, and semantics), and examine the bearing of select properties on the inhibition and promotion of polymorphy. In view of insights into the nature of morphological change that have already been gained, hypotheses are expressed as a series of expectations. In both languages, phonetically isolated participles are vulnerable to the creation of polymorphy, while participles that have high type frequency are not significantly protected from polymorphy. Also in both languages, token frequency strongly influences whether a participle remains monomorphic or becomes polymorphic. In Modern German, expectations for formal weight, material weight, and material transparency are met by nearly all verbs in the three alternation types. But in Modern English, expectations for these grammatical properties are met by verbs in only some of the eight alternation types. In both languages, grammaticalization does not lead to a significant drop in formal cohesion. The attempt to couple polymorphy and monomorphy with function (attributive vs. predicative) and valence (transitive vs. intransitive) does not lead to any telling results.

Requirements for ever increasing realism in real time computer image generation for military mission and commercial training, have generated the need for a higher performance, more cost effective front-end processor. Current computer image generators front-end general purpose computers are reaching their performance limits in current architectures. The tasks of this processor include: realtime computations, magnetic disk control, data transfer and direct memory access to and from the balance of the image generator. A new front-end processor system is under development. This multiple-bus, multiprocessor architecture in and of itself does not address disk and external data transfer. A peripheral subsystem is therefore researched to satisfy these requirements. Industry standard peripheral buses and protocols are evaluated. A peripheral subsystem, compatible with this new front-end processor architecture, is proposed. The Intelligent Peripheral Interface is selected as the optimum peripheral subsystem for computer image generation application. An abbreviated design specification for the proposed subsystem is presented. The subsystem performs magnetic disk control, data transfer and direct memory access to and from the balance of the computer image generator while not compromising front-end computational performance. It is capable of addressing new levels of performance. Several Intelligence Peripheral Interface issues, specific to this computer image generation application, are investigated.

It is one of the greatest paradoxes in the history of English literature that a country most conservative should have had a poet of the revolution. And it is even more paradoxical to think that England, so thoroughly established in the conservatism of her nobility, should have had one of her aristocrats, a member of a noble house which was able to trace its lineage back to the days of the Norman Conquest, become the favorite poet of anarchy and rebellion and of men in revolt against the religious and the moral and the social standards of God and man.

The Christmas and Rosillos Mountains area in southern Brewster County covers 145 square miles and in it are exposed Cretaceous sedimentary formations, some extrusive bodies, and many hypabyssal intrusions of probable early Tertiary age. The upper Devils River limestone, which is equivalent, at least in part, to the Georgetown formation of central Texas, is the oldest Cretaceous formation. The Tornillo clay, probably of Navarro age, is the youngest Cretaceous formation. The igneous rocks occur on 18 laccoliths, many dikes, sills, plugs or necks, and lava flows. They are composed of porphyritic granite, sodic and non-sodic rhyolite and trachyte, basalt, and gabbro. The Christmas Mountains are an elliptical dome of Devils River limestone probably underlain by a gabbro laccolith which uplifted the limestone about 4,000 feet. The sedimentary formations formerly overlying the Devils River limestone at the crest of the dome have been removed by erosion and form dip slopes around the flanks of the dome. Several intrusive and extrusive masses of rock are exposed at the crest. The dome has been considerably faulted and terminates abruptly at the northwest with a down-dropped block in which about 1,000 feet of volcanic agglomerate is exposed. Traces of quicksilver occur in the mountains. The Rosillos Mountains are a laccolith that has intruded Aguja sandstone. Erosion has removed the sandstone from the top and small outcrops occur around the margin. In an escarpment around the northern end, an excellent cross section of the laccolith overlying its Aguja sandstone floor is exposed. The main mass is porphyritic olivine-augite-hornblende granite. A fault has depressed the northeast portion of the laccolith, and canyons have been eroded along faults around the southern end

The toxicities of two widely used organophosphate insecticides, malathion and parathion, and their oxygen analogues were investigated in rats fed different levels of dietary protein. Male weanling rats were pair-fed either 5 or 20% casein diets for 10 days and control animals received a 20% casein diet ad libitum. Toxicity studies showed that rats which received 5% casein diets were more susceptible to malathion and malaoxon (LD₅₀ = 151.1 mg/kg and 7.75 mg/kg) when compared with rats pair-fed 20% casein (LD₅₀ = 273.6 mg/kg and 14.33 mg/kg) or with rats fed 20% casein ad libitum (LD₅₀ = 418.6 mg/kg and 15.23 mg/kg). Rats which received 5% casein diets were similarly more susceptible to parathion and paraoxon (LD₅₀ = 1.24 mg/kg and 0.385 mg/kg) when compared with rats pair-fed 20% casein (LD₅₀ = 1.65 mg/kg and 0.537 mg/kg) or with rats fed 20% casein ad libitum (LD₅₀ = 2.04 mg/kg and 0.666 mg/kg). Toxicities of both the inactive parent co~pounds and their active analogues were affected by dietary protein intake. Metabolism studies· based on excretion of p-nitrophenol, a metabolite of parathion and paraoxon, were largely inconclusive. It is concluded from these studies that dietary protein intake is of major importance in determining the toxicities of malathion and parathion and their oxygen analogues and that the major effect of dietary protein is probably on the degradation and not the activation of the parent compounds. It is further concluded that populations on low protein intake may be in greater danger than their well-fed counterparts when exposed to acute levels of these organophosphates and possibly other similar compounds.