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The accuracy of direction is the main problem in tunnel measurement. In many cases is used for determination of direction and length tunnel the spatial network, where points are stabilized in the side of tunnel in profile. The paper presents new tunneling measurement in the Underground Education Facility Josef (UEF Josef) of Czech Technical University near Mokrsko, Czech Republic. The direction and length of tunnel with high accuracy was determined in 2013. For new determination of direction and length of part of the tunnel the spatial network was used. The spatial network in the tunnel was realized by points, which were stabilized in profiles and signalized by precise reflective prisms. New direction of the tunnel is determined by measurement from free stations between profiles, where the one-man total station Trimble S8 HP was used. Before the measurement the a priori analysis was done in special software PrecisPlanner 3D and for complex processing and the adjustment it was used the special geodetic software EasyNet, which enables the robust analysis of outliers. Main results are precision of automatic measurement in specific conditions in the tunnel and comparison of old and new direction and length of the tunnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Searching the K nearest neighbors (KNNs) in road networks is a major problem like in mobile objects warehouses which describe highly dynamic environments. Current approaches to processing this kind of queries in dynamic environments do not provide appropriate results and do not take into account different search constraints such as the road context and disturbance factors as well as the dynamicity of users. This work presents a new model for the continuous search, in a highly dynamic environment, of the KNNs in a road network. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Through site visits, interviews, geographical data collection, and periodical update of settlements' conditions, this study reconstructs the spatial organization of XiaoLin village in southern Taiwan, destroyed by Typhoon Maroko in 2009. The spatial organizations of the dwellings of the original and new settlements of XiaoLin villagers were analyzed by measures from social network analysis and compared against each other to see whether the ¡§consensus¡¨ in spatial organization exist and how it responds to villagers' life style. A sustainable community development seeks to balance its environmental, economical, social and cultural needs. In recent years, governments and NGOs in Taiwan invest huge amounts of resources in post-disaster community reconstruction. Their focuses are mainly on environmental and economical fronts. What has often been overlooked is the preservation of the way of life in the original habitat. By applying SNA measures, this study extracts the characteristics of the spatial organization that facilitate the fabrics of everyday life in a human settlement and proposes how this information can contribute to social and cultural preservation in Taiwan's post-disaster reconstruction in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]