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In this paper, the sort, contents and constituent of Hua Xiang Shu Infructescence have been identified, which provide experimental fact for its exploitation. Qualitative research and formation identify have been carried out by chemical test and spectral analysis (UV, IR, MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR), quantitative test is operated by spectrophotometric method. Tannin extract from Hua Xiang Shu Infructescence is hydrolysable tannins, contents is 13.4%, essential components are ellagic acid, gallic acid, 3, 3'-di-O-meltyl ellagic acid and 3,3'-di-O-methyl ellagic acid-4'-O-e-D-gluco-pyranoside. Conclusion: Contents of Tannin from Hua Xiang Shu Infructescence is high, which is seldom found in Chinese crude drug, its components is ellagic acid and other substance, all of them possess important bioactivity, which shows high value to be developed, the last two compounds are firstly separated from Hua Xiang Shu Infructescence. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]