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Robert Jones was VP of Sales at CMP North America Inc. The company was a subsidiary of a family-owned company that manufactured concrete mixing machinery. The company was headquartered in Pescara, Italy. In early 2014 Jones was a little surprised that corporate headquarters in Italy had set such ambitious goals: grow revenue from $2.2 million annually to $5 million within five years. Jones truly believed that CMP was the most innovative company in the North American market and manufactured the highest-quality equipment. However, the industry was fragmented, mature, highly competitive, global, and dependent on the construction industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What explains the rise of the largest small commodity market in Yiwu, China? In the existing literature, the network approach focuses on the candy gang, a group of merchants who carried on the legacy of business practice that has lasted for more than 500 years. The economy of scale approach highlights the efficiency and reduction of transaction cost as a result of the development of this market. The authoritarian/smart government argument emphasizes both the strong hands-on by the local government and the neo-literal characteristics of its policies toward the market. In the paper, we argue that the development of the small commodity market was an outcome of state building process. In this process, local government in Yiwu has constantly redefined its own role in the economy. Furthermore, different from the authoritarian/smart argument that perceives the local government as being transformed from authoritarian toward neoliberal, we argue that in Yiwu's case, the local government has become a developmental state and it treats commerce as the strategic industry that would facilitate regional economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The burgeoning enlightenment of Indian women, catalyzed by the infusion of education, heralds a paradigm shift in their societal roles, transitioning from domestic spheres to corporate landscapes. This metamorphosis is underscored by an earnest aspiration amongst women to not only amass substantial earnings but also to judiciously allocate, preserve, and capitalize upon their financial resources. Whereas erstwhile, the onus of investment deliberations predominantly rested upon their spouses, contemporary trends delineate a burgeoning interest among women in exploring diverse investment channels. This paper elucidates the investment inclinations of gainfully employed women within the Indian context. Employing a research framework amalgamating descriptive and analytical methodologies, the study endeavours to discern the requisites and ramifications of investment avenues amongst female professionals across both public and private sectors in PCMC. The empirical investigation encompasses a cohort of 480 female respondents, strategically drawn from urban hubs of demographic prominence such as Baner, Hinjewadi, Chichwad, Wakad,Bhosari,Nigdi,Dapadi etc as delineated by the PCMC census of 2011. The sampling regimen targets women ensconced within the organizational fabric of banks, educational institutions, and various professional enterprises. Facilitated by factor analysis, the study scrutinizes the dataset through the lens of socio-demographic attributes to distill meaningful insights. Conclusively, it emerges that the National Saving Certificate emerges as the preferred investment conduit amongst working women owing to its perceived safety and minimal risk profile. Conversely, the commodity market garners favor as a high-risk investment avenue, while traditional stalwarts such as gold and silver retain their allure as enduring investment options amongst the female demographic in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A number of commodity prices, such as oil and coal, strengthened in line with the heating up of geopolitical tensions between Russia and Ukraine which occurred in early 2022. One of the impacts of this event resulted in an increase in ferronickel production costs at a company located in Indonesia. This company runs businesses related to the mining sector, such as nickel, gold, bauxite and coal. In the process of processing raw materials into products or finished goods that are ready for sale, a company needs to carry out several stages. The production process of processing nickel ore into ferronickel raises costs due to several factors. Factors of production such as raw materials, labor, capital and others are important characteristics in determining the category of a company's production costs. The increase in the prices of crude oil and coal commodities due to the events of the war in Russia and Ukraine had an impact on the fuel usage figures in the cost of ferronickel production. The focus of the issues studied in this article is how big the impact of the existence of the ferronickel commodity sector is on national and global economic, political and social conditions, so that it is expected to be a consideration for the steps taken by companies in reducing production costs to anticipate price volatility, both selling prices and the purchase price of ferronickel raw materials in the commodity market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]