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Proactive personality has been found to positively predict performance, job satisfaction, and career success. In this study, however, we touch upon the dark side of proactive personality on certain conditions. Based on self-verification theory (Swann, 1983), we propose that when proactive employees fail to attain high achievement at work, they will develop a defensive mechanism in response to unsuccessful self-verification. This defensive mechanism, hubristic pride, leads to interpersonal mistreatment. Specifically, we hypothesize that proactive personality and recent work achievement interact to predict hubristic pride, and in turn, incivility to coworkers and spouse. Our hypotheses are fully supported by data collected in a two-wave survey. Overall, our findings have important implications for research on proactive personality, hubristic pride, and incivility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]