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This conceptual paper provides new insights into institutional trust and distrust development. How institutions respond to stakeholder expectations directly impact their capacity to engender stakeholder trust. We examine several contradictions that are fundamental aspects of institutional dynamics and emerge as a result of stakeholder expectations. We discuss the character and composition of these contradictions and outline ways that institutions effectively and ineffectively address these contradictions. Finally, we discuss how stakeholders process institutional contradictions and discuss some general ways that institutions can remediate the negative effects of contradictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Risk" and its "management" are rapidly gaining importance in managerial and organizational contexts. This phenomenon presents an opportunity to advance our research and theories. However, the potential of management scholars is often limited by the complexities of analyzing risk, which arise from diverse theoretical approaches, heterogeneous empirical contexts, and differences in scholarly values. This symposium aims to facilitate an exchange, comparison, and integration of ideas on risk and related research by bringing together four established panelists (Steven Maguire, Sim Sitkin, Michael Useem, & Klaus Weber) for a constructive, interactive discussion. The theme aligns well with the AoM theme, and we anticipate attracting a large audience, particularly from the OMT, SAP, & MOC divisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the diverse mechanisms of how power influences trust, this symposium includes studies that introduce diverse perspectives using diverse methodological methods. The research questions answered in these studies consider how the power and trust of a buyer-supplier dyad influence each other, if and why power influences trust after third-party trust violations, how power influences self-disclosure which then influences trust, and when people are more trusting of those with power and those with more power are more trusting of others. These studies examine questions in various contexts including interpersonal relationships, buyer-supplier relationships, supervisor and subordinate relationships, and third-party relationships. They also utilize diverse research designs and statistical methods including lab experiments, field surveys, meta-analysis, and Actor-Partner Interdependence Model. Following the study presentations, Dr. Sim Sitkin will serve as the symposium's discussant. Renowned for his seminal contributions to the field including numerous influential journal articles and books on the topic of trust and control, Dr. Sitkin will comment on the four presentations and offer an analysis on trust and power in organizational contexts. His insights promise to deepen the discourse of this symposium and enrich our understanding of the interplay between power and trust. The Influence of Power on Trust in Buyer-Supplier Relationships: An APIM Approach Author: Nuno Oliveira; Tilburg U. Author: Oliver S. Schilke; U. of Arizona Author: Fabrice Lumineau; U. of Hong Kong Author: Baofeng Huo; College of Management and Economics, Tianjin U. Power Weakens the Spillover Effects of Third-Party Trust Violations Author: Marlon Mooijman; Jones Graduate School of Business, Rice U. Power and Missed Opportunities to Build Trust Through Self-Disclosure Author: Shuang Wu; Rady School of Management, U. of California San Diego Author: Yidan Yin; U. of Southern California -Marshall School of Business Author: Joseph Ocampo; U. of California, Berkeley Author: Christopher Oveis; U. of California, San Diego Author: Pamela K. Smith; U. of California, San Diego A Structural-Relational Model and Meta-Analysis of Power and Trust in Organizations Author: C. Ashley Fulmer; Georgia State U. Author: Claire Zhang; Georgia State U. Author: Jeewon Gwak; PhD Student Author: Kris Byron; Georgia State U. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic institutions are guided by science, with scholars and educators seeking ways to extend knowledge in different domains and establish their work on evidence. Yet, despite the fact that leadership development is at the core of many business schools' mission statements, leadership development programs (LDPs) are not as evidence based as one might expect. Research shows that a variety of reasons is behind this inconsistency, such as relative scarcity and availability of leadership development research, low accessibility of existing work, challenges of conducting research to examine the effects of LDPs, and conflicting priorities in business schools themselves. This panel symposium will examine the main challenges academics and practitioners face in their efforts to make leadership development programs more evidence-based. It will further explore ways in which we can all work together to overcome these challenges and create more evidence-based LDPs that are crucial to equip leaders of today and tomorrow with the knowledge, tools, competencies, and abilities to effectively lead organizations and society as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides theoretical and operational groundwork that will facilitate renewed critical interest in developing control configurations during organizational founding. The real opportunity to advance control research lies in synthesizing broad patterns from contingency theory's fragmented concepts and grounding them in rich, multivariate descriptions and that the configurational approach may help consolidate the past gains of contingency theory. Data collected consisted of structured interviews, semi-structured interviews, informal interviews, observations of the operations in Blue Whale Moving Co., and archival material. Organizations, even small start-up firms, face complex challenges in simultaneously evolving the elements of control they apply. Throughout the development of Blue Whale's control systems, various controls were adopted, adapted, abandoned, and rediscovered. Organizational control, as a fundamental and consequential feature of organizations merits a revitalization of attention to both theory and empirical research.

Collectivities are posited to achieve outcomes that cannot be achieved alone. Through interactions amongst its members, collectivities produce synergistic supra-individual properties such as mind, memory, knowledge, and practice. Even though different collective properties are emphasized, these studies converged in their focus on the pattern of interactions that elicit such complex cognitive and/or behavioral regularities. Unfortunately, the research in this area has not only been fragmentary, but also suffers from a proliferation of terms. Furthermore, the broad-level theorizing that is distinctive across these studies is not likely to be helpful in advancing systematic empirical investigation in this area. Hence, integrating the literature on collective mind, memory, learning, knowledge, and practice, we propose a theoretical framework that explicates the emergence of collective properties. Toward our end of using a common vocabulary that is grounded in the root constituents of collective property, we suggest that the emergence of collective cognition and behavior is contingent on the nature of interactions, which is in turn influenced by the contextual conditions and the individual abilities. In line with recent interest in the social constructionist view of learning, we propose collective learning as a critical interactional process that determines the nature of the collective cognition and/or behavior that emerges. Applying our theoretical framework, we present propositions highlighting the impact of context and individual on collective learning, and the impact of collective learning on collective cognition and behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a pressing need for employees to speak up in the face of wrongdoing, interpersonal mistreatment, or questionable work experiences. At the same time, there are substantial risks and consequences for employees who raise moral concerns ineffectively, such as retaliation, dismissal, and firing. In this symposium, we provide a sharp focus on the risks and consequences of speaking up in the workplace, extending beyond what has been considered by extant research. Drawing on multiple theoretical perspectives, our papers investigate influential factors and underlying mechanisms that predict voice-related behaviors and shape observer reactions. More broadly, our papers offer collective insights into the overall process of speaking up and integrate the respective literatures within this research domain (e.g., voice, whistleblowing, moral courage), which have largely evolved independently of each other. The Courage to Address Unethical Behavior at Work. Presenter: Moran Anisman Razin; Duke U. Presenter: Sim B. Sitkin; Duke U. How Can Male Allies Show Support? Examining Reactions to Men's Voice on Gender Equity Issues. Presenter: Insiya Hussain; U. of Texas at Austin. Presenter: Elad Netanel Sherf; Kenan-Flagler Business School, U. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Presenter: Alyssa Tedder-King; Kenan-Flagler Business School, U. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Dominance, Prestige, and Morality Perceptions Explain the Status Acquisition of Workplace Vigilantes. Presenter: Ekin Ok; Sauder School of Business, U. of British Columbia. Presenter: Joey Cheng; York U., Toronto. Presenter: Simon Lloyd D. Restubog; U. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Presenter: Karl Aquino; U. of British Columbia. Moral Objection in The Workplace: A Review and Synthesis with A New Paradigm. Presenter: Noriko Tan; National U. of Singapore. Presenter: Abhijeet K. Vadera; Singapore Management U. Presenter: Lily Morse; West Virginia U. Presenter: Ann Tenbrunsel; U. of Notre Dame. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This symposium seeks to highlight recent trends away from stylistic approaches to more concrete behavioral approaches of leadership (van Knippenberg & Sitkin, 2013). Papers in this symposium advance knowledge in this area through a methodologically inclusive lens by synthesizing major streams of research on how leaders' blaming behavior affects followers, examining how leader awareness can affect organizational commitment, tackling the paradox of leader humility, expanding our understanding of how leaders can care for the well-being of others during times of suffering, and establishing ways leaders can increase their wise reasoning. The purpose of this symposium is to highlight emerging leadership research that utilizes behavioral approaches, with the aim of facilitating greater consideration of the possibilities and consequences around leadership behaviors and their implications for leadership development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rather than focusing on titles and hierarchies, some recent work in the leadership literature has begun to explore how leaders view themselves, both within and outside of their formal roles. This symposium seeks to advance the field's understanding of the effects of leader self-perceptions on leadership outcomes and invites the audience into an inquiry of the role of leader self-awareness and leader identity in the leadership process. The research presented seeks to better understand (1) how leaders view themselves, (2) how leaders may increase identification with the leader role, and (3) the benefits of this identity for leadership behaviors, including leader effectiveness as well as outcomes for followers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competition is a fundamental mechanism that powers capitalistic economy. It is a channel through which an actor's self-interest is pursued and further stimulated. However, research suggests competition not only increases motivation within organizations but also introduces a significant risk. This risk emerges specifically because competition unleashes individuals' willingness to demonstrate any behaviors for the sake of increasing their own performance even when those behaviors cross the boundary of acceptable practices. Given the risk involved in organizational competition, it is important to understand (a) the forces that bring about competitive dynamics, (b) the specific results that competitive dynamics beget, and (c) the factors that moderate these relationships. The purpose of this symposium is to present research that addresses these three questions. It consists of a set of research that examines the antecedents of competition, the consequences of competition, and the moderating functions pertaining to these relationships. It offers research on both competition that takes place between organizations and competition that occurs within organizations, with the goal to effectively discuss the similarities and differences of competition that emerges across multiple levels. Understanding Competitive Misconduct Through a Model of Embedded Competition Presenter: Sarah Doyle; U. of Arizona Presenter: Nathan Pettit; New York U. Presenter: Sijun Kim; U. of Arizona Presenter: Christopher To; New York U. Presenter: Robert B. Lount; Ohio State U. Incivility Divides and Hurts: Exposure to Brief Incidental Rudeness Boosts Intergroup Discrimination Presenter: Binyamin Cooper; U. of Florida Presenter: Troy Wesley Pounds; U. of Central Florida Presenter: Nir Halevy; Stanford U. Presenter: Amir Erez; U. of Florida When Blindsides Aren't So Bad: Deservedness of Status Changes Presenter: Rebecca Mitchell; Michigan State U. Presenter: Stefan Wuorinen; Michigan State U. Presenter: Nicholas Hays; Michigan State U. From Reading to Coordinating: How Teams' Ability in Reading Status Hierarchies Helps Status Conflict Presenter: Siyu Yu; New York U. Presenter: Gavin J. Kilduff; New York U. How Comparative Evaluations Trigger Competitive Behaviors in Workplaces Presenter: Jinseok Chun; Duke U. Presenter: Elad Netanel Sherf; Kenan-Flagler Business School, U. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Presenter: Michael Slepian; Columbia Business School [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The central focus of the symposium is an exploration of perceptions of the self and others, with an emphasis on sources of bias and discrepancies. Thus far, self-perceptions and other-perceptions have been primarily studied in isolation, failing to consider their inherently connected nature, interaction effects, and relevance to many phenomena. We bridge this gap by including five papers that investigate questions surrounding self-perception, other-perception, and the interaction of self- and other-perception. The first presentation begins by challenging previous conceptions of self-perception by reviewing and synthesizing the research on self-awareness. The second presentation continues by jointly considering self- and other-perception with an examination of the role of meta-perceptions in favor solicitation. The third presentation shifts to examining other-perceptions and perceiver biases in the context of goal ambition. The next presentation broadens the traditional view of other-perception by examining the perceiver's non-work knowledge of peers. The last presentation considers how individuals develop different understandings of social norms depending upon their network position, an instance where other-perception is biased by one's social environment. Taken together, this symposium highlights the importance of considering the individual and relational contexts of self- and other-perception and provides a generative starting point for researchers interested in studying the intersection of the self and others. Following the presentations, Hillary Anger Elfenbein and Francis Flynn, prominent scholars who have been influential contributors to research on the self and others in organizations, will provide critical insight into these papers as well as how this set of work relates to future research. Becoming More Aware of Self-Awareness: A Synthesis and Re-Conceptualization of Self-Awareness Presenter: Danbee Chon; Duke U. Presenter: Sim B. Sitkin; Duke U. I Know You Think I'm Sexy: Request Behavior as a Function of Attractiveness Perceptions Presenter: Casher Belinda; Kenan-Flagler Business School, U. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Presenter: Shimul Melwani; U. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Perceptions of Goal Ambition, Likability, and Personality Attributions Presenter: Sara Clark Wingrove; Duke U. Presenter: Grainne Fitzsimons; Duke U. The More You Know: How Personal Knowledge Impacts Other-Perception Presenter: Ashley Elizabeth Hardin; Washington U. in St. Louis The Role of Centrality in the Perception of Descriptive Social Norms Presenter: Daniel Feiler; Dartmouth College (TUCK) Presenter: Jennifer Dannals; Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth Presenter: Adam M. Kleinbaum; Dartmouth College [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Courage is important for individuals and organizations. It assists ethical behavior in the face of risks and challenges, but more than that it plays a role in individuals' interpersonal relationships and performance, as well as in the goal pursuit of people and organizations alike. The proposed symposium aims to advance theory and research of courage in organizations, extend prior definitions and explore its potential effects for individuals, relationships, groups and organizations. Beyond Moral Courage Presenter: Moran Anisman Razin; Duke U. Presenter: Sim B. Sitkin; Duke U. Presenter: Ronit Kark; Bar Ilan U. The Workplace Courage Acts Index (WCAI): Observations and Impact Presenter: Evan Bruno; U. of Virginia Presenter: James R. Detert; U. of Virginia Dispositional Courage Positively Predicts Leadership Perceptions Presenter: Pauline Schilpzand; Oregon State U. Presenter: Amir Erez; U. of Florida The Courage to Say Yes; The Courage to Say No: Courage as a Response to the Paradox of Stretch Goals Presenter: Sim B. Sitkin; Duke U. Presenter: Kelly E. See; U. of Colorado, Denver Presenter: C. Chet Miller; U. of Houston [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although leadership emergence has attracted substantial scholarly interest, the scope of prior work has been limited by assumptions that portray emergence as an individual process and equate it with holding a formal leadership position. In a recent theoretical piece, Wellman (2017) challenged these assumptions and highlighted the importance of team-level dynamics, shared cognition, and contextual features in the emergence process. This symposium aims to continue the conversation originated by Wellman and others by empirically addressing important unanswered questions related to leadership emergence. We present four papers that consider emergence using a variety of theoretical perspectives, levels of analysis, and research designs. Following the presentations, Sim Sitkin, a preeminent leadership scholar whose own work has challenged the field to revisit long-held assumptions, will lead the audience in an interactive discussion. The Rise and Fall of Shared Leadership in a Top Management Team Presenter: Declan Fitzsimons; Cranfield School of Management Presenter: Jennifer Petriglieri; INSEAD Gender Diversity and Leadership Patterns: A Structural-Emergence Theory Perspective Presenter: Klodiana Lanaj; U. of Florida Presenter: Yixuan Li; Purdue U. Presenter: Jaclyn Koopmann; Auburn U. Presenter: John R. Hollenbeck; Michigan State U. A Behavioural Process Perspective on Motivation to Lead and Emergent Leadership Presenter: Fabiola Heike Gerpott; Vrije U. Amsterdam Presenter: Mark Van Vugt; Vrije U. Amsterdam How Many Should Lead? Leadership Structure Schemas, Formal Authority and Leadership Behavior Presenter: Edward McClain Wellman; Arizona State U. Presenter: Susan J. Ashford; U. of Michigan Presenter: Jeffrey Sanchez-Burks; U. of Michigan Presenter: Daniel Scott DeRue; U. of Michigan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the earliest writings in management and organization theory (Barnard, 1938; Selznick, 1957; Simon, 1947; Thompson, 1967), we have known that for organizations to survive, they must adapt in accordance with their environment (Schumpeter, 1949). Despite this, the topic of leadership for organizational adaptability has been largely overlooked in leadership studies. In this symposium we address this issue by assembling a group of scholars trained in OB, OT, strategy and entrepreneurship to discuss the role of leaders in organizational adaptability. Through a series of presentations, we will show how leadership for organizational adaptability involves a new way of thinking about leadership that involves unleashing the potential of systems and people for adapting to change. A Complexity Leadership Framework of Leadership for Organizational Adaptability Presenter: Mary Uhl-Bien; Texas Christian U. Enabling Leadership: Creating the Conditions for Emergence of New Adaptive Order Presenter: Benyamin Bergmann Lichtenstein; U. of Massachusetts, Boston The Paradox Theory of Leadership: A Neuroscience-Based Theory of Integral Leadership Complexity Presenter: Steven Poelmans; U. of Antwerp/Antwerp Management School Presenter: Alaíde Sipahi-Dantas; ESADE Business School The Dynamics of "Connecting" in Org. Adaptability: A SymbolicInterpretative Perspective Presenter: Ivana Milosevic; College of Charleston Presenter: A. Erin Bass; U. of Nebraska, Omaha. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the years, the management field has had many important contributors to its theoretical development and practical application of major concepts. As a relatively young academic discipline, we have the good fortune to have access to many of those pioneers who are responsible for its foundation, history, and evolution. The purpose of the "Then and Now" program is to actively involve these people in the annual meetings and provide a forum to engage with those who are following in their footsteps. "Then and Now" is an annual symposium that appeals to new and seasoned scholars across the Academy. Prior sessions have centered on goal setting (ft. Ed Locke, Gary Latham & Ron Picollo, 2011), expectancy theory (ft. Victor Vroom & Jill Ellingson, 2012), leadership (ft. Chet Schriesheim, Bill Gardner & John Antonakis, 2013), positive OB (ft. Fred Luthans, Diane Welsh & Suzanne Peterson, 2014) and organizational justice (ft. Rob Folger, Bob Bies & Jessica Rodell, 2015). This year's session focuses on organizational trust. The symposium will begin with "Then" presenter Sim Sitkin describing how he became interested in this topic, who collaborated/supported him, early findings, why he continued this research, challenges encountered, and long term outcomes he expected from that early work. The "Now" panelists Nicole Gillespie and Bart de Jong are current authorities on trust, and will describe more recent status of this research, how it has evolved from the original body of work, and where it is likely to go next. The symposium concludes with audience discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Big time college athletics (BTCA), is a fascinating phenomenon, one that presents the organizational scholar with intriguing questions. On the one hand, there exists minimal congruence between BTCA and the core mission of universities. On the other hand, BTCA continues to grow and, some might argue, thrive. The seminal puzzle to be addressed in the symposium will be to explain this "lack of congruence--yet thriving" paradox. More specifically--we will address (1) how it is that, in spite of calls for change by salient stakeholders, we see no change that results in the called for increase in congruence between BTCA and the core mission of universities, and (2) how such change might occur. A central purpose of the symposium will be to relate our discussion concerning BTCA to other organizational contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consistent with the theme of the Academy of Management meeting this year, we are proposing a symposium which investigates the power of words within a relatively unique context--the world of sport. We suggest that sport, while being a relatively unique context, provides an advantageous lens with which to address how words "facilitate or hinder the outcomes that various organizational stakeholders seek" (AOM 2014 Meeting Call). The overarching theme to be addressed by each panelist is the "power of words" in influencing seminal determinants of team/organizational performance. More specifically, the panelists will address the following, moving from micro to more macro, matters: -the power of coaches' half-time speeches--what leads to the best results, is it hell & brimstone and/or Xs and Os (technical) speeches?; -how a coach can be strategic, and at times purposefully imprecise, in the use of words to convey important messages, especially when communicating across generations and cultures; -the power of words, of players, coaches, and team owners, in developing a "locker room" culture; -the power of social media in sports as athletes and other sport stakeholders adopt social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook. Each panelist will present actual examples of the subject matter--the words-- used by coaches, players, and owners via audio/video tape segments of their communication. An underlying theme of the symposium will be to relate insights found in the above sport contexts to broader organizational contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organizational misconduct (or wrongdoing) is pervasive in modern organizations and adversely affects individuals, groups, organizations, fields, and societies. This symposium builds on a rich stream of research on organizational wrongdoing by providing insight into new conceptual and empirical advances. The three papers pursue areas for future research that were proposed in a recent authoritative review of organizational wrongdoing: the relationship between individual- versus organization-level variation on misconduct or wrongdoing; the role of social networks in the pursuit of wrongdoing; and the important but often overlooked role of social-control agents and labeling in organizational wrongdoing. The authors elaborate conceptual frameworks from organization and management theory and employ a range of methods to examine wrongdoing in novel contexts. Their results have important and timely implications for research, practice, and policy. The discussant will draw on insights from his extensive research program to explore these perspectives and will conclude by facilitating an interactive question-and-answer session. Bad Apples or Bad Barrels? Individual and Organizational Heterogeneity in Professional Wrongdoing Presenter: Pooria Assadi; Simon Fraser U. Presenter: Andrew von Nordenflycht; Simon Fraser U. Using Network Analysis to Understand Economic Wrongdoing Presenter: Donald A Palmer; U. of California, Davis Wrongdoing and Wall Street: A Critical Perspective on the Boundary of Organizational Misconduct Presenter: Christopher Eaton; U. of Calgary Presenter: Laurie Milton; U. of Calgary [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Big time college athletics (BTCA) is a fascinating phenomenon, one that presents the management scholar with intriguing questions. On the one hand, university leaders see minimal congruence between BTCA and the core mission of a university. On the other hand, BTCA continues to grow and thrive. The central theme of this symposium will be to endeavor to explain this "lack of congruence, yet thriving" paradox--and discuss whether, and how, BTCA can be leveraged such that it is consistent with the core mission of a university. More specifically, the central questions to be addressed in this symposium are: 1) How is it that big-time college athletics has grown and prospered in spite of serious concerns related to its lack of congruence with the core mission of universities? 2) How is it that innovative efforts, the objectives of which are to increase university-BTCA congruence, while adopted, have not been implemented and/or have not diffused? 3) How, then, might the congruence between BTCA and the core mission of universities be increased? A seminal theme of the symposium will be to relate insights related to BTCA to other organizational contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]