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This work focuses on analyzing the chemical kinetics and thermodynamic properties of Moringa oleifera (MO) seed cake pyrolysis using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and DSC. Kinetic properties such as activation energy and frequency factor have been predicted from empirical data of MO seedcake decomposition. The reaction rate is determined by using the Arrhenius equation to understand the speed of the chemical reaction process. The frequency or pre-exponential factor is utilized to estimate the thermodynamic properties like change in specific enthalpy (Δh), change in specific entropy (Δs), and change in specific Gibbs free energy (Δg). It is observed that at a temperature of 317.86 oC, a maximum derivative weight of 0.324%/oC is achieved, which implies the generation of maximum volatile elements during pyrolysis. Thermodynamic properties affirm the higher level of energy content in the MO seedcake. It is also inferred that the higher activation energy slows down the reaction rate of the chemical decomposition of MO seed cake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The employment of thermoelectric thin films has high expectations because there are many potential uses for it on both a small and large scale. Due to its low cost and non-toxic raw material composition, layered cobalt oxide Ca3Co4O9(CCO) has garnered a great deal of focus promising thermoelectric material. As a result of their high thermo power at room temperature and low resistance, they display unexpected thermoelectric capabilities. Thin film thermoelectric has gained popularity recently due to its potential for usage in next-generation electronic products. The study of yttrium-doped Ca3-xYXCo4O9 thin films is an exciting way to investigate interfacial phonon scattering, which is anticipated to cause a reduction in heat conductivity. In evaluating the bulk material of Ca3Co4O9, the thin films can be tuned by doping ratio and pressure; the film can be grown on diverse substrates with structures and under different factors for progress such as temperature, rate, the atmosphere, and development procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crowd counting is required in many real-world applications, including Water management is an example of resource management and traffic control, security, and catastrophe management, to name a few. Counting the people in a traditional method, as an example manual counting, keeping track of each individual with registers, and counting with sensors, are time-consuming and exhausting, and may produce erroneous results due to dynamic motions. Crowd-counting technologies based on CCTV video feeds have evolved as a result. However, no device now available can properly distinguish between a human head and other objects, making it impossible to reliably track and count people. As a result, we present a novel system that can track people in transport management system contexts by tracking their heads and counting the number of people entering and exiting the scene. We can use the framework in this project to apply binarization steps to separate the foreground from the background and extract facial features using the Grassmann algorithm. A bounding box can be constructed based on facial traits, and then information about the number of people in the transit system can be provided. Finally, issue an alert to authorities about any person who has exceeded their authority. Then, using a deep learning system, identify the person who will offer attendance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tin oxide (SnO2) is widely recognized as a versatile material in numerous optoelectronic devices due to its sizable band gap and favorable electrical conductivity. This study delves into the structural and optical characteristics of tin oxide nanoparticles, synthesized through a straightforward and cost-effective hydrothermal method. Through analysis employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), UV-visible spectrophotometry, and micro-Raman spectroscopy, the samples were thoroughly examined. In the unannealed state, the SnO phase was observed, transitioning to SnO2 after annealing at 700 °C in air, as confirmed by XRD patterns matching with JCPDS card No. 71-0652, indicative of a rutile tetragonal unit cell structure. The crystallite size and strain were determined through Williamson-Hall plots, measuring 50.6 nm and 0.0009 for SnO, and 38.9 nm and 0.0008 for SnO2, respectively. FESEM imagery revealed well-defined SnO2 nanoparticles with distinct boundaries compared to SnO nanoparticles. Utilizing Tauc plots from optical absorption studies, the band gap of SnO2 was found to be 3.97 eV. Notably, the predominant Raman peak at 634 cm-1 further authenticated the formation of the SnO2 phase. Furthermore, the SnO2 nanoparticles exhibited commendable photocatalytic activity in degrading toxic dye Rhodamine B solution. This research underscores the significance of employing tin oxide nanoparticles for environmental protection, particularly in wastewater treatment applications due to their efficient photocatalytic capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Covid-19 is a corona virus pandemic disease affected by a new corona virus. Maximum people infected by covid-19 will experience symptoms namely mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring any special treatment. However elderly people and those having underlying medical diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer and chronic respiratory disease are more prone to develop serious illness. Reliability analysis for medical test for covid-19 is performed using a Bayesian network. A Bayesian network (BN) is a probabilistic graphical model that represents knowledge about an uncertain domain where each node corresponds to a random variable and each edge represents the corresponding conditional probability. The BN is used to prioritize the factors that influence virus symptoms of covid-19. The BN model is constructed based on a list of general symptoms of covid-19. The marginal probabilities for all states are computed. The comparison of prior and conditional probabilities is determined. Using BN the reliability of medical test for covid-19 is obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]