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The present paper aims to provide a multifaceted exploration of trends and challenges for ethical and trustworthy Multimodal Language Models. Firstly, by offering a perspective on the most prominent developments around these models, including Neural Networks, Transformers, Generative AI, and Foundation Models. Secondly, we explore Multimodal Language Models and their paradigms, including multimedia datatypes for both input and output, domain and industry-specific datasets, emerging tools, concepts and techniques, personalized AI systems, and energy-efficient computing paradigms. Then we reflect on emerging challenges for responsible AI, including alignment, inductive inference, ethical use, job replacement, jailbreaks, computability, open-sourcing, privacy, intellectual property, fair-use, or international regulation. Moreover, we explore their application from an Industry 5.0 perspective across various fields, exemplified by critical areas like Health and Diagnostic Decision Support Systems, Job-matching, Cybersecurity, and AI-Human Collaboration. Finally, we draw conclusions and suggest technical mitigation strategies from a designer’s standpoint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of the conditions for the emergence of steady-state modes of the continuous media transportation process leads to the search for conditions for the stabilization of flow phenomena in the network carriers of the process – it is essential to know the change in the quantitative characteristics of the mathematical model of the process with an unlimited change in the time variable. Such an analysis is based, first of all, on the study of the properties of the model's stability to sufficiently small changes in the initial data when the time variable tends to infinity. At the same time, the search for opportunities to build a stabilizing control effect on the process in case of its instability is not excluded. This particular case is the subject of research in this paper: an analysis of the solution of an evolutionary differential system with distributed parameters in a network-like domain with an unlimited increase in the time variable and the construction of sufficient conditions for the stabilization of the solution of this system is presented. Within the framework of technological engineering and the subsequent formation of digital technologies of the considered process of transportation of continuous media, the ways of automating this process in the form of algorithms and their software implementation are indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concrete is one of the most common building materials in the Northern Periphery and Arctic, and therefore we should pay attention to its quality while reducing its carbon footprint. The concrete industry has established many measures to limit greenhouse gas emissions from concrete, as stated in the environmental product declaration (EPD). The most significant contributor is cement (common dose between 250 and 600 kg per 1 m3 of concrete) in a concrete binder. Aside from the use of alternative fuels for cement production, new alternative materials for cement replacement are being sought. Those materials are called supplementary cementitious materials and mainly originate from industrial waste streams. Some of the materials are already standard and limited by the maximum allowed replacement, and some are new and still under investigation. The benefits and limitations of low-carbon concrete regulations in Norway, Sweden, Iceland, and Finland are demonstrated on three different concrete mixes in this article. The sorting of a reference mix and two low-carbon concrete mixes according to 4 different systems showed the informative character of the Icelandic system and the underestimation of possibilities for the carbon footprint of concrete in the Swedish classification system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Visualization of internal flow or PIV measurements in areas of real pipe elements is a method commonly used in flow studies. For these applications, transparent models with very complex internal geometries are required. Key features of the model are the high-quality optical access, which ideally allows to obtain image of the whole measured area without deformation and with noise suppression. The technology of 3d printing in combination with casting allows the production of almost any type of transparent models of piping elements. Models produced using this technique have almost ideal optical properties. By using index-matching fluid, optical distortions as well as reflections and refractions of light on the inner edges of the model are suppressed. The paper presents the results of visualization and 2D PIV measurements in the model of the globe valve with adjustable valve plug. The valve's inner geometry was rapid prototyped using a water-soluble material and casted with clear silicone Sylgard 184 under vacuum. The model exhibits excellent optical properties for PIV measurements, especially in the vicinity of walls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]