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Since the 1980s, ethics of care scholars have interrogated the gendering of care virtues and argued for divorcing virtues from binary masculine-feminine thinking. In this paper, we draw upon two case studies that situate listening as care and use corpus linguistics to explore ways in which expectations of care, enacted through listening, continue to not only be gendered, but heavily coded as feminine responsibilities. More specifically, we investigate the ways in which mothers and expectations for listening as care provision are intertwined, as further evidenced by the "mom friend" phenomenon. We argue that lessons from ethics of care scholarship may provide opportunities to challenge the mobility of feminized expectations of care and further decouple gender from care virtues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of the paper was to find out what conceptualisation processes are evoked in children of older school age by the word "education", and what meanings are attached to this word in Czech Radio's newcast programmes from 1970 and 2015. The individual goals of the research were to reveal a particular influence of school upon the education of children, and to spotlight the changes in education in relation to a particular ideology in society. The theoretical basis of the research were theses of cultural linguistics and ethnolinguistics that draw upon the idea that mother tongue contains an educational potential of schooling, which is based upon the strengthening of the cognitive, emotional, as well as aesthetic value of mother tongue. We have used two methods in the research: the analysis of corpus data extracted from Czech Radio's archive of spoken word programmes, and a questionairre survey distributed among pupils of higher level of elementary schools. The semantic classification of corpus data revealed the concept of education in various developmental stages of society, and identified main factors that have an influence on education. The questionaries showed what connotations are evoked in children by the word "education"; the manner in which children are able to explain the denotative meaning of the word; what factors play into their education; and the way in which they are being educated. On the basis of the research results we have recommended educational methods that lead towards the fulfilment of the educational functions of mother tongue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This study focuses on the evolution of the life of a teenager mother. Her personality's assessment takes place 15 years after she gave birth to her first child and captures her history (data obtained through a semi-structured interview), psyco-diagnosis and items that require psychotherapeutic intervention. We consider important the personal assessments of a mother watching back on her teenage life as a longitudinal approach captures the causal elements of life experiences. The psychological evaluation was performed with NEO FFI, FFNPQ (personality test), DAS (test for relationships in a couple) and PAXonline for assessing anxiety. The purpose of this qualitative research is part of the desire to find answers to the following questions: How does a teenage mother assess the decision she took 15 years ago? Does she regret it? What impact did this decision have on her life? How is her psychic now? What can be done now to optimize her life, from a psychological point of view? We hope this study brings more knowledge on these life situations, more and more frequent in Romania nowadays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The right to a name is a fundamental element of the single's personality. It is an expression of his/her identity, which reflects a single individual in the familiar and social context. In many legal systems the right to a name is considered to be just an aspect of the more complex right to identity, which represents one of the personality's right. Nevertheless, it must be pointed out that the name has a double dimension. Precisely, the internal dimension of the name guarantees the manifestation of personal identity, independently from the necessity to demonstrate a link with a precise family. To the contrary, the external dimension of the name has a very important function, which is to guarantee a certain connection between an individual and his/her family and/or with the society. The purpose of this dimension is connected with public needs of citizens' identification. This paper will mostly deal with the specific function of the right to a name to connect the single man with his/her family; in other words, to guarantee the belonging to a family and subsequently to look after the family's unity. In this regard, the number of European judicial decisions is constantly growing. The fact that both the Court of Justice of the EU in Luxembourg and the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg have recently dealt with different forms of violation of the right to a name (especially in the family context) is very significant. Frequently it seems like a choice between the identity and the identification (rectius between internal and external dimension) of a subject without considering that these are two complementary (and not antithetic) aspects of the name. Three different aspects will be tackled in this paper. In the first place it will dealt with the relation among the private and the public dimension of the right to a name; analyzing the reasons of the supremacy of the private law aspects due to the principle of the self-determination. Secondly, the most frequent violations of the right to a name connected with the family law will be explored. In this regard, the right to a name is protected under the article 8 of the European Convention of Human Rights. The reference to the right to respect for private and family life underlines the fact that the name has not only a function of personal identification, but also a function of reunification with a family. Every time the right to a name is related to family relationships there are many involved subjects, whose individual rights have to be protected in respect of an equal balancing between single man's and family's interests. Finally, the role of the European Courts and their impact to the national laws of some European countries (i.e. Croatia, Italy, Spain, Germany) will be analyzed in order to find possible tendencies of Europeanization in the discipline of the right to a name. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In addition to the innovations included in the new Criminal Code, the legislator of this legal act makes a number of amendments to the existing institutions and offenses in the criminal law. Such a situation is encountered for the offense of murder or injury of the newborn committed by the mother provided in Art. 200 N.C.C., offense that partly corresponds to the offense of infanticide described in Art. 177 of the Criminal Code in force. The legislator considered it necessary to also criminalize in the new Criminal Code the act of injury of the newborn committed by the mother, along with the action of killing, a situation that rightly caused the change of the marginal name of the offense. Moreover, another interesting aspect that also constitutes the focus of our approach is represented by the two phrases which are different from those in the legal text in force, i.e. „immediately after birth but not later than 24 hours“ and „state of mental disorder“, which are designed to equalize the views expressed in the criminal literature regarding the analyzed crime and the practice in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case study covers a pregnant teenager's decision to keep the child, despite the fact that she is a student at a prestigious national college and its appearance seriously alters her future plans regarding education. The pupil's decision pupil even more surprising as she keeps the pregnancy secret from her own mother and the father of the baby is a highschool mate. The case study consists of a semi-structured interview, an excerpt from the teenager's diary, the form teacher's characterization, her intervention in the classroom and a psychological profile. The interview had the following structure: Data on her own birth and the origin family, traditions and cultural context, social factors, education, love and pregnancy, life after giving birth, the vision of the future and what she would change if she started over. The purpose of this qualitative research approach is part of the desire to find answers to the following questions: Why do girls become pregnant? Why do they choose to give birth? How do pregnant adolescents feel in the role of pupils? How do teenagers who choose to give birth resist to social and family pressures? To what extent childhood influences have contributed to the state of pregnancy in adolescence? What can be done to prevent accidental pregnancies in adolescence? We do not claim that the study highlights these legitimate questions, but it certainly captures relevant aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nutritional knowledge is a very important factor that is highly influential on the nutrition habits of individuals, families and societies. The objective of this study is to determine the child nutrition knowledge of women who have children aged 0-5. The universe of the research consists of 536 voluntary women living in Gölbası district in Ankara, Turkey. The research data were collected through a questionnaire and face to face interviews. There were twenty nutritional knowledge questions in the questionnaire. Each correct answer was assigned 1 point, whereas wrong answers received no points. Data obtained at the end of the research were evaluated by the SPSS software. In evaluating the scores related to mother's nutritional knowledge, "One way ANOVA" analyses were applied. The differences among nutrition knowledge mean scores according to educational status were determined to be statistically significant (p<0.01). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years social theorists have turned their attention to the margins. Such decentering has involved examination of the lesser known texts of a classical theorist. In that spirit, this paper explores Durkheim’s work on the family. Durkheim wrote about the conjugal family, with its warmth, openness to individuality, and a solidarity based on personal attachment. Other family-related topics include the status of women, sexuality, and family policy. While Durkheim’s sociology of the family represents a decentering of Durkheim-as-theorist, it also connects to central tendencies in Durkheim’s corpus. The grand narrative of the family is the emancipation of the conjugal family from the kin group as society modernizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guided by the social construction of reality theory, which assumes that women's images are socially constructed, and social feminism theory, which use multiple factors to explain the representations of women in advertising, the researcher examined women's images in the 1927 advertisings in The Young Companion, a Chinese pictorial magazine published from 1926-1945. In the 87 ads studied, women were depicted primarily as a wife or a mother, who had no job outside the home and lived exclusively in the domestic arena. However, the bodies of women were not the focus of most ads and women were seldom shown as sex objects. Instead, women were shown in shapeless clothes, which symbolized the political and gender ideologies at the time. While no essential difference was found in the representations of women in the Western product advertisings vs. Chinese product advertisings, more emphasis on women's bodies and stronger sex-stereotypes were seen in the former ones. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This proposed study will examine generational differences in mother/daughter relationships. Using the Longitudinal Study of Generations and Mental Health, this study seeks to gain greater understanding of the indirect impact social and structural changes have had on women's intergenerational solidarity. Bengtson's measures of solidarity, specifically daughters' perceptions of associational, affectual, and consensual solidarity with their mothers over a 23-year period (1971-1994) will serve as the basis to measure solidarity. Four generations of women from the same families will be included, capturing the birth cohorts comprising the WWI Generation, the WWII Generation, the Baby Boom Generation, and Generation X. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last three decades, we have witnessed dramatic demographic changes in the number of African American children raised by a single parent. During this period, the majority of scholarly work has focused on African American males raised in mother-only households. Missing from this important discussion is the influence of other types of African American single parent households on African American females. Using a nationally representative sample of eighth grade students from the National Educational Longitudinal Study (NELS), this research examines the relative effects of being in a single parent mother-only versus father-only household on the educational achievement of African American middle-grade females (N=63,090). Findings are that: (1) females in mother-only households perform less well than their counterparts in father-only households; (2) socioeconomic status is over three times more important than household type in predicting educational outcomes; (3) females in mother-only households get a greater return for increases in socioeconomic status than their counterparts in father-only households; and (4) race, gender, and class are simultaneously intersecting categories/relations in the family experiences and educational achievement processes of African American females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study of late 19th and early 20th century expert advice on child-rearing published in America and England demonstrates that modern child-rearing prescriptions, although putatively directed at children, in fact discipline mothers across more domains of everyday life and in more severe ways than they do children. Child-rearing experts articulated and disseminated theories about maternal influence on fetuses and children that led to prescriptions exhorting women to discipline their bodies, behavior, thoughts, and especially their emotions. The contemporary practice of mother-blaming has its roots in the late 19th century. Why did modern child-rearing advice so persistently discipline and devalue the very women its authors sought to appeal to? This is accounted for, I argue, by the rhetoric of both male and female child-rearing advisors who staked their professional claims as experts largely on the devaluation of ordinary mothers and mothering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is part of an investigation that was made on the situation which the migrants live on Tala, Jalisco. After reviewing a series of documents on the migration, it was observed that in the analyzed phenomenon it lacked a study perspective: the vision that the migrant has of himself, the explanation that the own actor gives to the situation, before this was defined that the object of study of this project would be: The social imaginary and its relation with the migration of the inhabitants of Tala, Jalisco, towards the United States, subject that what looks for to deepen in the statistics, the hard data do not show clearly the motivations of the migration; that is to say, that in the reviewed studies considers the migration as a phenomenon whose main causes are the poverty and unemployment; nevertheless, it was observed that next to these reasons others of subjective nature coexisted, such as: the desire of adventure, the necessity to participate in a male rite , the illusion to support the family or fleeing from a repressive family and social situation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Initial results indicate that there are no main effects of mothers? welfare and employment transitions on preschoolers. In contrast, employment and welfare transitions have independent yet complimentary effects on adolescents. Mothers? entrance into the labor market predicts decreases in psychological distress for adolescents, and mothers? exits from employment are linked with increases in internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. In addition, leaving welfare predicts improvements in cognitive achievement and lowered rates of delinquent behaviors, while entering welfare predicts opposite patterns. The first level of analyses considering mediating processes indicate that mothers? decreased time with their children and increased family incomes explain some portion of the findings. Additional analyses are addressing the role of other central family processes including the quality of parenting, the stimulation and stability of the home environment, and maternal psychological functioning and financial hardship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]