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A facile and highly efficient and green synthetic protocol is developed for the bioactive 2-amino-3-cyano-4H-chromen-4-ylphosphonates by the one-pot reaction of various salicylaldehydes, malononitrile, and diethyl phosphite using sulfamic acid as an efficient, reusable and heterogeneous solid acid catalyst. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by their 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 31P-NMR, and Mass spectral studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two kinds of triphenylamine (TPA)-based polymer are introduced and applied to photorefractive (PR) composite. A polymer which is poly(4-(diphenylamino)benzyl acrylate) (PDAA) have TPA moiety attached to acrylate main chain. Another which is poly(4-((4-methoxyphenyl)(phenyl)amino)benzyl acrylate) (PMPAA) uses TPA derivative which has been modified with a methoxy group at para- position. A nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophore of 2-(4-(azepan-1-yl)benzylidene)malononitrile (7DCST) is used. Phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) is a sensitizer. TPA-based plasticizer which is (4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)methanol (TPAOH) is added to reduce the glass transition temperature and maintain hole mobility. The composite's ability for chromophore orientation has been significantly improved by using PMPAA polymer. The plasticizer of TPAOH can act as an effective trap in the composite based on PDAA polymer. High diffraction efficiency (up to 70%) with a fast time constant of 25 ms can be obtained in PDAA-based composite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]