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Copyright of Congreso Internacional de Investigación Academia Journals is the property of PDHTech, LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Human & Nature Safety is the property of Vytautas Magnus University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Congreso Internacional de Investigación Academia Journals is the property of PDHTech, LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Congreso Internacional de Investigación Academia Journals is the property of PDHTech, LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Heavy metal immobilization was evaluated on soils spiked with increasing concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn using lime-mud as soil amendment. The immobilization efficacy of the amendment was evaluated according to heavy metal concentration in edible tissue of fast growing crop romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) as an indicator of metal phytoavailability. Vegetative pot experiments were conducted on metal-treated sandy loam soil mixed with lime-mud at a ratio of 5% and 10%. Soil spiking significantly increased DTPA-extractable concentration of heavy metals in the soil. Lime-mud amendment reduced metal "availability" in artificially contaminated soils effectively, while DTPA-extractable Cu concentration increased in the lime-mud amended soils. Soil spiking with metals caused a significant increase of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn concentration in lettuce leaves, being by 4-52 times higher as compared with control, while addition of lime-mud amendment to metal salt-spiked soils generally lowered metal concentrations in lettuce edible tissue. Lime-mud additive decreased accumulation ability of heavy metals in lettuce leaves significantly. Accumulation coefficients of Zn and Cd decreased as metal treatment level increased. Studied metals according to their accumulation capacity can be ranked in the following order: Zn>Cd>Cu>Pb. The highest correlation between metal DTPA-extractability from soil and metal concentration in lettuce aboveground tissue was in the case of Zn (R=0.94) and Cd (R=0.91), lower relationship was in the case of Pb (R=0.75), and the weakest relationship was in the case of Cu (R=0,53). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]