Search

In the present scenario, drug resistance makes the development of alternative medicines, a very urgent issue. Here we are trying to assess the antibacterial potential of Maricadi gulika which is using in respiratory infections. The formulation contains Marica (Piper nigrum),Pippali(Piper longum),Yavakshara(Potassium bicarbonate), Dadima phala twak (Punica granatum) and Guda(Jaggery). The method here we are adopting to check the antibacterial activity is Agar well diffusion method. Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae are the bacteriae responsible for respiratory infections. No sudies have been conducted yet to assess the antibacterial effect of Maricadi gulika. The aim of the study is the pharmaceutical preparation of Maricadi gulika and to analyse its physiochemical parameters and to assess its antibacterial against selected respiratory pathogens - Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae. Maricadi gulika was prepared at the teaching lab of Amrita School of Ayurveda. Evaluation of Physiochemical parameters of the test drug was carried out at the analytical lab attached to the Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya kalpana, Amrita School of Ayurveda. Antibacterial activity of Maricadi gulika was tested by agar well diffusion method at ACARA lab, Amrita School of Ayurveda. The study results showed that Maricadi gulika had antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that Maricadi gulika exhibited antimicrobial activity against the two pathogens - Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae, bacteriae causing respiratory infections. The findings of the study suggested that, Maricadi gulika can be used as a remedy against respiratory infections caused by the above two pathogens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present scenario, drug resistance makes the development of alternative medicines, a very urgent issue. Here we are trying to assess the antibacterial potential of Maricadi gulika which is using in respiratory infections. The formulation contains Marica (Piper nigrum),Pippali(Piper longum),Yavakshara(Potassium bicarbonate), Dadima phala twak (Punica granatum) and Guda(Jaggery). The method here we are adopting to check the antibacterial activity is Agar well diffusion method. Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae are the bacteriae responsible for respiratory infections. No sudies have been conducted yet to assess the antibacterial effect of Maricadi gulika. The aim of the study is the pharmaceutical preparation of Maricadi gulika and to analyse its physiochemical parameters and to assess its antibacterial against selected respiratory pathogens - Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae. Maricadi gulika was prepared at the teaching lab of Amrita School of Ayurveda. Evaluation of Physiochemical parameters of the test drug was carried out at the analytical lab attached to the Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya kalpana, Amrita School of Ayurveda. Antibacterial activity of Maricadi gulika was tested by agar well diffusion method at ACARA lab, Amrita School of Ayurveda. The study results showed that Maricadi gulika had antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that Maricadi gulika exhibited antimicrobial activity against the two pathogens - Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae, bacteriae causing respiratory infections. The findings of the study suggested that, Maricadi gulika can be used as a remedy against respiratory infections caused by the above two pathogens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were tested for resistance to fluoroquinolones and beta-lactams, and the frequency of quinolone resistance genes (qnr genes) was determined. Out of 215 clinical samples, 85 were identified as K. pneumoniae isolates based on morphological and biochemical characteristics. These isolates came from various clinical samples, including urine 57 (67%), sputum 23 (27%), and oropharyngeal swap 5 (5.8%). It was found that these isolates were resistant 100% to the following antibiotics (Amoxicillin, Ceftazidime and Nalidixic acid) and (Ceftriaxone, Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, Ciprofloxacin, and Norfloxacin). As percentage (89%,95%,90% and 93%) respectively. Also, these isolates demonstrated their sensitivity towards the two antibiotics (Meropenem and Imipenem) as percentages (70% and 78%) respectively. The results showed that every K. pneumoniae isolate that had developed resistance to fluoroquinolones also developed resistance to the lactams tested. Genomic sequencing has revealed that qnrS and qnrB are present in K. pneumoniae isolates. K. pneumoniae isolates lacked qnrA, however. DNA sequencing revealed no variants in the qnrB or qnrS genes. These genes can be found in the NCBI database under the accession numbers CP095426.1 and CP124706.1. K. pneumoniae's evolutionary tree was very different from that of the qnrB and qnrS strains. The emergence of MDR K. pneumoniae has caused significant public health concerns due to the diversity of qnr genes among K. pneumoniae clinical isolates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soluble substances in water and ethanol were extracted from some plants that include (black tea leaves, pomegranate peels, scholars, camphire and sidr) and their effect on some types of human pathogenic bacteria, which included (klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus) isolated locally. The study's findings revealed a difference in the inhibitory action of plant extracts on bacterial species, with the extracts of the cinnamon plant, pomegranate peels, comphire plant, black tea extract, and Sidr plant extracts being the most influential. The results also revealed that extracts with concentrations of 25 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml were effective in suppressing these bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some microorganisms with the potential to cause significant diseases are becoming resistant to the majority of currently available antibiotics. This research aims to extract bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties from Etlingera coccinea using methanol, and to assess the antimicrobial effectiveness of E. coccinea against various pathogenic microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Bacillus cereus (B. cereus), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Shigella sonnei (S. sonnei), Candida albicans (C. albicans), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) at different concentration levels (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). The experiment employed the maceration method to extract antimicrobial compounds from E. coccinea leaves, and the antimicrobial activity was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion assay. The outcomes revealed that the raw extract of E. coccinea effectively hindered the growth of all six pathogenic microorganisms within the concentration range of 25% to 100%, with the largest inhibition zone observed for B. cereus (13.83mm) and the smallest for S. cerevisiae (5.33mm), both at 100% concentration of E. coccinea crude extract. The results of the univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicate a significant distinction (p<0.05) between the crude extract and the positive control substances employed in this study (Ampicillin, Vancomycin, Fluconazole). In conclusion, the findings of this investigation could have meaningful implications for the advancement of antimicrobial agents derived from native Malaysian plant sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Except of alcoholics, Klebsiella pneumoniae is an uncommon cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Because it includes hemoptysis and lumen lesions, Klebsiella spp. might mimic lung TB. K. Pneumoniae has a thicker capsule, making it a difficult illness to treat. The most effective treatments for Klebsiella include third- and fourth-century carbapenems, quinolones, and cephalosporins. Because newer medicines are employed, monotherapy is equally as successful in treating lung inflammation as combination therapy. In the past, less Klebsiella-involved older medicines were employed for effective therapy. Before the diagnosis of pneumococcal illness, the patient we treated was first thought to have pulmonary TB, and ceftriaxone monotherapy was advised. Following the first injection, the patient received oral care for three weeks. Due to its widespread distribution throughout the nation, this type of bacteria will be discussed in this article along with its epidemiology, virulence factors, and treatment options. It is responsible for several of respiratory diseases and has been linked to viruses like the Corona virus, which can invariably result in a person's death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tannin-degrading bacteria (TDB) was isolated and identified from the rumen of European fallow deer (dama dama), fed on tannin-rich diets (TRD). Such bacteria included Klebsiella pneumonia (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K7, K8, K9 and Acinetobacter sp. (A6). Then, conocarpus and eucalyptus leaves were processed by TDB for ten days and in vitro digestibility of processed samples was determined. Finally, TDB were inoculated into the rumen of Arabic sheep and ruminal fermentation parameters were studied. Based on the results, bacterial processing was affected dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility of conocarpus and eucalyptus leaves, that the highest contents observed in K9 (p<0.05). Bacterial inoculation did not enhance gas production rate but increased the organic matter digestibility. The highest fermentation parameters were observed in K9 (p<0.05). Processing and bacterial inoculation of Klebsiella pneumonia and Acinetobacter sp into sheep rumen fluid improved the in vitro digestibility and fermentative parameters of conocarpus and eucalyptus leaves. However, in vivo studies should be conducted to confirm the in vitro results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of the current study was to isolate Klebsiella pneumoniae from various retail food samples in Baghdad, Iraq, to measure the antibiotic resistance of the isolates bacteria and to determine certain virulence factors genes using PCR technique to atudy sequencing of these genes. This study was conducted in May to July 2021. A total of 20 isolates identified as K.pneumonia using traditional biochemical test band Vitek system, seven antibiotic was used to screen resistance and sensitivity in this study, IMI showed (14(70%)) resistance rate and 6 (30%) sensitivity rate while MRP,FEP,PRL exhibited 13(65%) resistance rate and 7(35%) sensitivity rate. ATM,FOX,CAZ showed 16 (80%) résistance rate and 4 (20%) sensitivity rate. the more common virulence genes were amplified by PCR were fimH, was 14 (25%), while Wabg has a prevalence of 5 (14%) cases. Urea A0 0%. The sequence of nitrogenous bases for sex-specific PCR products was identified. The results of the DNA Blast/NCBI software revealed that these sequences are nearly identical to those of the standard strains of K. pneumonia previously documented in the gene bank, with a similarity of nearly 99 %. Additionally, the transversion and transition of nucleotides were observed in some positions of the nitrogenous bases after comparing the sequences of the tested genes with the standard genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of resistant pathogenic bacteria to antimicrobial drugs has serious concern worldwide because it can pose a great threat to public health. Several pathogenic bacteria have been identified to develop resistance to more than one type of antimicrobial drugs, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli. To overcome this problem, innovation is needed to find a novel antimicrobial agent from natural resources with a different mechanism of action different from antimicrobial drugs derived from synthetic materials in fighting bacteria pathogens. This research aimed to isolate local isolates of Actinomycetes from the mangrove soil of Wonorejo Surabaya and tested the ability (screening) of the local isolates of Actinomycetes to produce bioactive compounds to fight pathogenic bacteria. Soil samples were taken from a 6-10 cm depth and then stored in a sterile plastic container. It was taken immediately to the laboratory and stored at 4oC. The isolation method is carried out by processing the mangrove rhizosphere soil samples. Furthermore, Actinomycete bacteria are grown on media then purified on specific media. Actinomycete isolates obtained were then tested for antibacterial compounds using the antagonistic test against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The isolation results obtained five isolates of actinomycete bacteria. The antagonistic test showed two isolates with moderate Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp inhibition. Actinomycete bacterial isolates obtained had the potential to produce antibacterial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current study, Schiff bases [F1-F3] compounds have been prepared by terephthalaldehyde reaction with aniline and its p-substituted aniline (4-chloro aniline and 4-hydroxy aniline) in absolute ethanol. Then, Schiff bases were converted into 1,3-oxazepine-4,7-dione derivatives [F4-F6] by reacting with 3,4-dimethylfuran-2,5-dione in dry benzene.1,3-Oxazepine-4,7-dione derivatives were transformed to 1,3-diazepine-4,7-dione derivatives [F7-F9] through a reaction with 2-nitro aniline. The prepared compounds have been characterized by physical properties, UV-Vis, FT-IR, 1H-NMR spectral and (C.H.N-O) analysis. TLC was tested for the purity of these compounds. The antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia Gram negative, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Gram positive, and evaluation of laser efficacy have been shown for the compounds [F1-F9].The laser was radiated for (10, 20, 30) seconds. It was noted that when the melting point and color were determined, the compounds have not been affected and they have not been disintegrated or polymerized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of antibiotic persistence has showed new universal threat beside the antibiotic resistance. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a significant bacterium causing wide range of infections and diseases. The present work aimed to investigate the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antipersister cells formation effect of indole against Klebsiella pneumonia. Fifty isolates of K. pneumoniae were collected from different clinical specimens and identified using genotypic identification by using specific primer for 16S rRNA gene. The eradication effect of indole on K. pneumoniae persister cells were detected using well diffusion method. The MIC was employed by using the 96-well broth micro dilution assay. The biofilm inhibition activity of indole was determined using a microtiter plate assay. The results of the current study showed that a indole operatively eradicate the persister cells and inhibit the biofilm formation of persistence isolates of K. pneumoniae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current work, 1,2,3-triazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole rings were combined in the same structure via a multi-steps synthetic pathway to present a series of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectra. The final compounds and their precursors were in vitro tested as antibacterial agents by well diffusion method against the Gram-negative strains (Helicobacter Pylori, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli O157) and the Gram-positive strain of Staphylococcus aureus. The bioassay indicated that all the tested compounds were not active or possessed a week to excellent antibacterial activity depending on the type of the tested bacteria and the structure of the target compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was intended to study the biological activity of probiotic against MOR bacteria isolated from burns infection. Seventy-Five samples and inquiries were carried out between October 2020 and March 2021. Burn infection samples were obtained from two separate hospitals in the province of Najaf (AL Sadder Medical City and AL Forat hospital). Isolates were identified based on the morphological and microscopic examination, and VITEC. The results showed that the most common Gram-positive was S. aureus (24%), while Gram-negative bacilli were the most common P. aeruginosa (53%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (13%), Escherichia coli (6%) Proteus mirabilis (2.6%). Molecular study was detected the antibiotic resistance genes blaTEM-1, GES and bla-OXA in P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, E. coli and P. mirabilis using conventional PCR. one efficient isolate(Z2) was selected from screening different strains (25) of probiotics based on antibacterial activity. Isolate Z2 was identified as Bacillus subtilis depending on morphology, microscopic examination, and VITEK. The study showed the inhibitory ability of B. subtilis against all tested isolate as well as Bacillus subtilis showed high anti-biofilm activity against studied bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new therapeutic combinations are urgently required against the persistence bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumoniae which has showed new universal threat. The present work aimed to investigate the synergistic effects of combination indole and ciprofloxacin antibiotic against persistence K. pneumonae isolates. Fifty isolates of K. pneumoniae were collected from different clinical specimens and identified using Vitek-2 system and confirmed by using specific primer for rpoB gene from housekeeping genes. Eight of these isolates were persister cells producers. The current study proved the synergistic effects of combination indole and ciprofloxacin antibiotic against persistence K. pneumonae isolates using the standard microdilution method, and the interaction between the indole and the ciprofloxacin was estimated by calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC index) of the combination through checkerboard assay. The results of the current study showed that indole-ciprofloxacin combination indole operatively eradicate the persister cells and inhibit the biofilm formation of persistence isolates of K. pneumoniae. The current study confirms the effectiveness of indole and ciprofloxacin to show synergistic anti persister cells of K. pneumoniae isolates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The object of this research, the biological approach was used to prepare Chitosan nanoparticles using Klebsiella pneumonia. Fifty Isolates from wound infections were known as assessed on the basis of microorganism ability to biosynthesize centered on the color transition from light to dark, chitosan NPs and chitosan NPs' biological activities against multidrug resistance bacteria (using P. mirabilis and P. aeruginosa As a metric strains), for collection of successful strains. The A12 (K. pneumonia) Effective isolate quality. Isolate was identified by classical and molecular approaches. Molecular research has shown that the K. pneumonia gave positive results (1270bp) for 16srRNA assay. Depended on change of color and behavior of antimicrobials of the chitosan nanoparticles against indicator strain (P. mirabilis), the optimum conditions for the production of chitosan NPs using K. pneumonia, were included the time required for extracellular chitosan biosynthesis was 20h, 2.5 mg/ml for substrate concentration, the optimum production at 37Co temperature, and pH was adjusted to 5 for biosynthesis of chitosan NPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sinorhizobium meliloti are agriculturally valuable species of soil bacteria that form nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with alfalfa plants. Global climate changes lead to an increase of agricultural areas subjected to salinity. Current knowledge about about high-salt stress impact on soil saprophitic root nodulated microsymbionts of legumes is weakly studied and rhizobia gene pool responsible for salt tolerance are fragment and far from clear. An increase of bacteria nonspecific resistance (immune status) to unfavorable stress factors can occur through the induction of defense mechanisms like restrictionmodification systems and CRISPR/cas systems which are aimed to protect bacteria cells from bacteriophages widespread in soil microbiome. The aim of this research was to evaluate the role of the megaplasmid pSymA in the formation of ecological genome of S. meliloti, which is related to stress tolerance and to determine the location of elements of adaptive immune systems protecting root nodule bacteria against external foreign DNA. The analysis was done on 11 genes, products of which involved in response to ion stress and synthesis of osmoprotectors. It was found that 6 out of 11 genes were found in the genomes of all analyzed S. meliloti strains, while it was not a case for other 5 genes. It was found that, unlike chromosome, megaplasmid I of S. meliloti accumulated copies of 4 from 5 genes, except kdpA gene, which is represented by a single copy and localized on megaplasmid I in all so far studied strains. It was predicted that closest phylogenetic relatives of genes whose products are involved in response to ion stress as well in synthesis of osmoprotectors are homologous genes of closely related S. medicae species. The exception was for betI2, for which the closest phylogenetic relative was homologous gene of Klebsiella pneumonia, and another exception is kdpA gene introduced onto megaplasmid-I from actinobacteria. Regarding elements of immune systems it was revealed that nonsymbiotic plasmids of S. meliloti harbored incomplete elements of RMS-I, -II, and - III systems, while the 4 complete RMS-IV systems were detected on a single plasmid. It was found out that corresponding methylases had similarities with similar enzymes detected in nitrogen-fixing strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Mezorhizobium sp., Bradyrhizobium sp. CRISPR sequences were not detected on megaplasmid-I, while they were on chromosome, megaplasmid-II and on cryptic plasmids. So, it was concluded that megaplasmid-I of S. meliloti are enriched in copies of genes related to osmotic stress tolerance, but it role in immune status of rhizobia is requested further elucidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previously synthesized bis-quaternary ammonium compounds (bis-QACs) with a p-terphenyl spacer between two pyridinium heads were studied for microbiological activity against five pathogenic reference and clinical bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinobacter Baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Results were compared with commonly used antiseptics such as benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), and compounds from the previous works of our research group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis of new antiseptics was developed and carried out based on trimeric pyridinium salts with an alkyl cyanuric spacer. The obtained compounds were studied for microbiological activity against five pathogenic bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinobacter Baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The research results indicate the presence of pronounced antibacterial properties in this group of compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Congreso Internacional de Investigacion Academia Journals is the property of PDHTech, LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tomato is a fruit that a lot of spread in almost every region in the archipelago and has a high nutritional value. The process of isolation and identification of tomato extracts has been done. The fermentation process from tomato fruit for each fermentation time is 36 hours and 48 hours and obtained a pH range of 5.0 and 4.0. The identification morphology of bacteria for each T36 and T48 samples were shaped bacil and positive Gram, don't have spores and colonize and then, the sample is done to acid resistance test at pH 2.0 until pH 6.0 and obtained for each T36 and T48 samples having resistance at pH 4.0 and 3.0. So that, the samples still able to survive in an acid condition. After that, all of the samples is done to antibacterial activity test with using Mueller Hinton and Agar nutrient medium into petridish. The process of activity test that carried out for 3 days using antibiotic as a control like ampicillin and erythromycin when using Klebsiella pneumoniae as test bacterial obtained clear zone value from T36 sample respectively as many as 7 mm, 10 mm and 11 mm while T48 sample as many as 17 mm, 17 mm and 18 mm. So, the conclude that tomato fruit extract having the ability as an antibacterial against Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria in an effort to prevention of pneumonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The formation of nanoparticles from microbes has received special attention in wide range of applications like antimicrobial activities, less toxic to environment and many others. The present research uses fungus Fusarium oxysporum for the extracellular synthesis of copper nanoparticles from copper acetate solution. The UV-Vis spectroscopy and change in solution color was used as a confirmation for formation of nanoparticles. The copper nanoparticles characterization was performed by using XRD, FTIR and SEM. FTIR results indicates possible functional groups involved in reduction of copper ions into copper nanoparticles and their stabilization. XRD pattern cleared that the biosynthesized nanoparticles had face-centered cubic (FCC) geometry with crystalline nature. The size and morphology of as-synthesized nanoparticles was determined by using SEM micrographs. Antimicrobial activity against different bacterial strains such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus was studied by measuring the zone of inhibition and Minimum inhibitory concentration was also studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet (CAPPJ) has many applications in biomedicine. Using argon as a carrier gas, the gas temperature, remains at room temperature even after hours of operations. The plasma jet can be touched by hands and directed manually by a user to bring in contact with heat-sensitive objects and materials including skin without causing any heating or painful sensation. CAPPJ was generated by a high voltage power supply (0-20 kV) at an operating frequency of 25 kHz. The discharge was characterized by an optical method. In order to characterize the plasma jet, its electron temperature and electron density were determined by optical emissions spectroscopy. This paper reported the antimicrobial property of cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet. The result indicated that CAPPJ treatment was capable of killing the microbial population in its exposed area. Plasma jet was used to treat selected strains of pathogenic bacteria for varying voltage (4 kV and 5 kV) and varying time duration (10 sec, 15 sec, and 20 sec). Among the selected strains, E. coli showed the smallest zone of inhibition (ZOI), K. pneumonia showed the largest zone of inhibition. The reactive compounds contain in the cold plasma jet: high-energy electrons, ionized atoms, and molecules, and UV photons were the key factors that caused an effective reduction in the number of micro-organisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has the upper hand over physical and chemical methods being cost-effective and eco-friendly. Soil is regarded as the major reservoir of microorganisms. Iron-containing soil samples were screened for metallic bacteria. Metallic K. Pneumoniae HHHF1 potent for AgNPs nanobiosynthesis has been isolated from iron-rich soil samples, identified biochemically and genetically by 16sRNA subunit sequencing and submitted to the NCBI. Biogenic AgNPs synthesized using AgN03 as a substrate at a concentration of (10 mM) and cell-free supernatant was indicated by the color changes in the reaction mix from yellow to brown indicating the presence of AgNPs. XRD analysis revealed AgNPs average size 35.799nm. EDS analysis predicted occurrence and percentage of elemental silver 85.78%. Biosynthesized AgNPs showed antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (Proteus mirabilis, Shigella soni, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterobacter spp., Serratia marcescens, E. Coli, Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Kocuria spp, and staphylococcus aureus). Isolation of bacterial strains potent for nanobiosynthesis enhances nanobi-osynthesis qualitatively and quantitatively and gives the advantage to study the nano synthetic pathways involved in those bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanoparticles exhibit different properties compared to their bulk counterpart and among many methods available for synthesis of nanoparticles, biological synthesis is a preferred green synthesis method due to their ecofriendly nature and ease in scale up. Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) are very significant due to their potential antimicrobial properties and can be used in wound healing applications. In this work, silver nanoparticles were synthesized with 13% (v/v) betel leaf extract and studied for the effect of pH and temperature and it was found that AGNPs were more stable at room temperature. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR and EDAX. PEGylated AgNPs had antibacterial activity against the pathogens like Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Congreso Internacional de Investigacion Academia Journals is the property of PDHTech, LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The resistance of pathogenic bacteria may occur to many types of antibiotics, especially in cases of noncompliance use of antibiotics, which likely to allow the evolution of Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) bacteria. Gastropods seas are marine invertebrates informed capable of production of secondary metabolites as antibacterial MDR. The purpose of the study was the isolation and identification of gastropod symbiont bacteria found in the waters of Krakal, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, which has the ability to produce antibacterial compounds against MDR(Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, MRSA (methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus), Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus homunis) molecular. Stages of this research began with the isolation of bacteria, bacteria screening for anti-MDR compound, mass culture, and extraction, antibacterial activity test, DNA extraction, amplification by PCR 16S rDNA and sequencing. The results of the study showed that 19 isolates of bacteria were isolated from three species of gastropods namely Littorina scabra, Cypraea moneta and Conus ebraeus. Among them, 4 isolates showed activity against MDR test bacteria (E. coli, E. cloacae, K. pneumoniae, S. aureus and S. homunis). The highest activity was displayed by code LS.G1.8 isolate with the largest inhibition zone 15.47±0.45mm on S. humonis at 250 μg/disk concentration. Isolate CM.G2.1 showed largest inhibition zone, with 21.5±0.07mm on MRSA at 1000 μg/disk concentration and isolate the largest inhibition zone CM.G2.5 14.37±0.81mm on MRSA 14.37±0.81mm at concentrations 1000 μg/disk. The molecular identification of isolates LS.G1.8 has 99% homology with Bacillus subtilis and isolates CM.G2.1 has 99% homology with Bacillus pumillus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has been conducted on the sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria to buah merah (Pandanus conoideus Lam.). The method used are the Kirby-Bauer method. The results showed that all test bacteria sensitive to the antibiotic chloramphenicol 30 μg, 10 μg streptomycin, vancomycin 30 μg, gentamicin 10 μg and sulfonamide 300 μg. Bacterial sensitivity test results showed that fraction of water from buah merah can inhibit Salmonella typhi (14.78 mm), Bacillus cereus (15.72 mm) and Streptococcus pyogenes (14.44 mm), hexane fraction can inhibit S. typhi (9.94 mm), Escherichia coli (8.94 mm), B. cereus (9.33 mm), S. pyogenes (9.94 mm), Butanol fraction can inhibit E. coli (14.56 mm), Fraction ethylacetate can inhibit K. pneumoniae (14.56 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (14.39 mm) and ethanol extracts can inhibit Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.28 mm), S. aureus (8.67 mm), The effective concentration of buah merah in inhibiting bacterial growth is 80 %, on S. typhi (32 mm), E. coli (20.87 mm), K. pneumoniae (20.27 mm), S. aureus (21.13 mm) and S. pyogenes (19.47 mm). There are differences in sensitivity between buah merah and antibiotics against bacteria, where the buah merah inhibitory zone was smaller than the antibiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many strains have been recently reported as being carbapcncmase resistant. NDM type is one of the most effective Carbapenemases in terms of carbapenem hydrolysis and geographical spread. In this work, the NDM-1 DNA sequences of different Gram-negatives was tested to find out the similarity among those sequences. From GenBank, the complete DNA coding sequences of NDM-1 of Acinetobacter {johnsonii NFI14, sp. NF 111, sp. NFI 16), Klebsiella pneumoniae (Res2011-182, K.P-UC-13, K.P-UC-14, K.P-UC-15), Citrobacter Jreundii NF109, Escherichia coli NFI 13, Providencia vermicola NFI 15 and Pseudomonas sp. NFI 17 were obtained (813 bp for each). DNA sequence analysis was carried out by means of multiple sequence alignment using EMBOSS Clustal Omega and aligned using default setting w1th all mentioned strains. Percent identity matrix showed a 100% of similarity between all Klebsiella strains, it also showed a 100% similarity between Acinetobacter strains, C. freundii NFI09, E. coli NFI 13, P.vermicola NFI 15 and Pseudomonas sp. NFI 17. But show ed only 44.12% of similarity betw een all the above-mentioned strains with K. pneumoniae strains. The dendogram showed unexpected evolutionary pathway of NDM-1 between Klebsiella strains and A. johnsonii and A. sp. NFI 11, compared with A. sp. NFI 16 and other tested strains. We concluded that NDM-1 sequence evolved dramatically when transferred to some species while still conserved with others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compatible solutes can be synthesized de novo (osmolytes) or taken up if present in the medium (osmoprotectors). Glycine betaine (commonly named betaine) is only synthesized de novo by phototrophic salt tolerant bacteria. However, if betaine, or its precursor choline is present in the environment then heterotrophic halotolerant bacteria utilize transport systems to accumulate betaine (4). The de novo synthesis of compatible solutes was monitored by NMR spectroscopy. In LB medium, betaine was found in all spectra for K. pneumoniae and increased with increasing salinity from 0.17-3.5 M NaCl. Ectoine was only found above 2 M NaCl. In contrast, in M9 medium, betaine was absent in all spectra for K. pneumoniae Glutamate was present at 0.5 M NaCl, but only ectoine was present at high salt concentrations 0.75, 1 and 1.25 M NaCl. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the factors that influence microbial transfer from carpets to human skin. Among the microorganisms selected for evaluation in the study include bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Findings show that bacteria, with the exception of Klebsiella pneumoniae, were more efficiently transferred organisms than fungi spores. Because of its large adhesion force, Klebsiella pneumoniae was difficult to release from the carpet fiber. A statistical analysis of findings proved that the chemical treatment of carpet significantly influenced the microbial transfer.