Search

The web development process can be a tedious task, depending on the scale of the project, particularly when it comes to designing and developing the frontend of a website. However, these tools, like WordPress or Squarespace, may not be suitable for all scenarios, despite their ability to simplify the process. Moreover, most solutions depend on pre-established templates, which may restrict a user's ability to showcase their originality and individuality. As a result, the development of a website, particularly a web application might become laborious or unattainable. The objective of the study is to streamline the frontend procedure of web development using artificial intelligence by transforming basic sketches of a webpage into a fully functional webpage composed of HTML and CSS. The YOLOv5 model was used for developing the proposed solution. Approximately 70% of the dataset was used for training, while the remaining 30% was used for validation. The proposed approach consists of four primary components: a pre-processor, an element generator, element detection, and the generation of HTML elements. The proposed solution is evaluated based on the accuracy of element placement, the correctness of text elements, and the computing speed. The proposed solution performs exceptionally well on simple, single-column webpages. The accuracy of placement is above 80%. Nevertheless, it lacks the necessary capabilities to handle complex webpages. The computational speeds demonstrate satisfactory performance. There is a difference of 0.283 milliseconds between the fastest and slowest generation. Further testing with a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) is necessary to assess the performance of the detection approach in combination with the hardware. Furthermore, improving the accuracy of both the process of producing elements and the procedures for detecting them will result in a greater level of precision in the final result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Client confirmation is critical for PC and system framework security. At present, "information-based strategies (e.g., passwords) and token-based techniques (e.g., brilliant cards)" are the most well-known methodologies. Be that as it may, these techniques have various security defects. For instance, passwords can be handily shared, taken, and overlooked. To manage these issues, numerous other login verification strategies, including literary and graphical passwords and biometric validation, for example, face acknowledgment and unique mark have been used. Biometric verification has been getting broad consideration over the previous decade with developing requests in computerized made sure about close to home distinguishing proof. Consistent Authentication (CA) framework confirms the client constantly once an individual is signed in. Ceaseless Authentication framework keeps the interlopers from conjuring the framework. Nonstop client confirmation that basically utilizes hard and delicate biometric qualities produce the greatest exactness contrasted with existing techniques. This paper presents a methodology towards executing consistent client verification on an individual framework by considering profile image of an individual by implementing an algorithm named as GHPF-(Girish hybridized Profile Face-Detection Algorithm) by taking profile image into consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to find out and analyze the effectiveness of training and work discipline in improving the quality of individuals and the performance of employees of the Population Office and the Civil Registry of South Sulawesi Province. The research was conducted at the Population and Civil Registration Office of South Sulawesi Province for 2 (two) months, from May to June 2021. The population is an entire employee of 105 people, using saturated sampling techniques, so the study sample is 105 people. Data collection is done by observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation, and analysis of the data using path analysis. Several hypotheses are proposed in this study, and all hypotheses are accepted. The results showed that the direct influence of individual quality contributes greatly to employee performance compared to the effectiveness of training and work discipline. Indirectly, individual quality variables become moderate variables that are quite good even though they are partial mediation. In conclusion, in the Population and Civil Registration Office of South Sulawesi Province, the quality of individuals is indicated by the high morale of employees, which is a benchmark of quality in improving performance. In addition, the effectiveness of training is shown by increasing employee enthusiasm in following the learning process to improve their quality, and work discipline is shown by the leadership's transparency in encouraging high discipline. Indirectly individual quality variables can be good moderation variables in mediating the relationship between the effectiveness of training and work discipline to employee performance. Still, the most contributing is training effectiveness in influencing individual quality, which impacts employee performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sponsorship-based community branding assumes that community members feel normative pressures to conform to standard expressions of membership. In the current research, we show that community members do prefer sponsorship-based community branding when they believe they belong to a high consensus community, but not when community members believe they belong to a community characterized by individuality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the negative impact of the consequences of the free labor market in a free market. Destructive consequences directly for the majority of the population form an economic situation in which a person cannot be confident not only in his stability, but also in the stability of the state. Ideological resistance of the minority to planned indicators and information on "no" individuality of the individual in the scale of the state economy have led the economy to a state of permanent stagnation. The choice of each person forms the labor market and the economy as a whole. Targets in this concept are becoming more preferable for the majority of the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theorists have treated dignity as a social and moral good that enables personal thriving and undergirds social orders and hierarchies. While dignity is a term commonly used across sociological works, quantitative engagement with the concept itself is rare. We argue that dignity offers a unique opportunity to measure the multifaceted integration of persons into society, offering utility above well-established measures that atomize individuals into collections of resources, experiences, identities, values, or beliefs. Ultimately, dignity reflects a person's assessment of whether they are living up to their accepted social and moral standards. Drawing on two national datasets, we first develop an empirical measure that captures dignity's multifaceted uses, and then find considerable associations of latent dignity scores with individual mental and physical well-being. Overall, perceptions of dignity are associated with life chances, and show promise for a more sociological understanding of individuality and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference of Daugavpils University / Daugavpils Universitates Starptautiskas Zinatniskas Konferences Materiali is the property of Daugavpils University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Both novels are controversial and difficult to interpret due to their critique of the cultural, philosophical, and religious dimensions of the aestheticization of sexuality and gender from the perspective of human freedom and individuality. Our goal is to discover how both writers address this problem indirectly but openly, using irony, to show the insufficiency of the traditional, aesthetic fulfillment of the human being that we see, for example, in Don Juan. Moreover, it shows something that seems natural as something not only comical, but wretched and despicable. We are using methods of intertextual, intratextual and thematic analysis to show how this type of writing integrates an independent, free and responsible point of view concerning the social and cultural problems of modern society based on individuality, using paradoxes, ironies and indirect writing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is aimed at describing the structure of an adaptive study material. An adaptive study material should respect each student's individuality and their approach to learning and acquiring new information. That is why the paper contains the characteristics of selected learning styles, which were the most important factors in designing the structure of the adaptive study material. Moreover, this paper also describes the adaptive study material creation process, structure possibilities and contains examples from an actual adaptive study material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study that examines uncivil political discourse on presidential candidates' Facebook page. It mentions that political communication incivility focuses on nasty exchanges between candidates during a political campaign and a candidate's hateful attack on opponents. It states that interpersonal-level incivility emphasizes individuality.

The following paper describes a framework for workplace learning. In particular the paper continues from the initial presentation of the core of the workplace learning framework presented in Part 1. The focus of this paper is the elements of context -- facilitators of learning, barriers to learning, individuality, and technology -- and how they relate to the core framework elements -- drivers, strategies, outcomes, and evaluation. The contextual elements are discussed and linked to the core of the workplace learning framework and implications for managers and for research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study is to capture the relationship between the revival of a region and the space that the human inhabits. Owing to unlimited computing power and broad access to information, anyone can make many decisions in a short time. With many communication channels and automation of activities, these decisions will be passed on without any human intervention. The internet enables long-distance communication; we can study and learn from the best even with a limited budget. With internet, running ecommerce, managing extensive accounting with a small amount of work and making many transactions with a few mouse clicks is all made possible without leaving one's office, home, or even one's bed. As a result, what emerges is personalities who are searching for favourable places to act. The quality of human decisions depends on the environment in which they are located. Architecture influences our emotions, stabilizes our moods and fulfils our needs. It is a place where our energy accumulates and reverberates in the form of works, products and new ideas for services. We are what we indwell. Architect-made scenarios of moving around buildings and the city force us to behave in a specific way. That, which is already built has been shaped for many generations. One wishes for the opportunity for a new world to be created each time a new life is born, a word ideally suited to a given era. Architecture would be a note taken from human behaviour. Our predecessors had a big influence on the character of where we live now. One should come up with tools that verify the quality and usefulness of buildings, as they are the place where a person grows up, matures, studies, works, makes decisions, lives and seeks a better life. These are the places to which the man travels, from which he migrates, to which he feels attached. A region becomes great when it is at the disposal of the human. Architecture should always be new, lest it's only a system. The architect must take into account the fact that he devotes himself to the client's needs; he cannot expect everyone to be pleased. After all, it is the client who will dwell in his project. Only the client's strong personality, created by the project, deserves an award for the architect. The society will be able to reward the architect for helping to create a strong personality. It is the building that will last and create strong personalities. The main goal of architecture is to increase human value while alive, and not posthumous commemoration. We want architecture to build better personalities who build better companies, which provide better services to humanity. Let's not design pyramids that exalt death over life. Pure architecture would create a space, which generates a creative atmosphere that helps to make desirable habits in a given era. Habits that will enable a person to act efficiently and worthfully. The social function of great architects is constantly renewing customs, preventing bad habits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper observes a psychological phenomenon called "self-identification" of a human being connected to the characteristics of a personality: life senses and selfmanagement ability. Self-identification is interpreted as an indicator of a person's own activity and guided by self-management and meaningful life. This ability is available in a desire to choose, follow one's own way of living and meet external challenges flexibly, while keeping maintaining a tendency to self-development. The combined value-meaningful, motivational, cognitive, operational, willful backgrounds of human mental state set out an individual's self-management and provide the effective management of one's own personal activities. The subjects of the survey are theoretical and empirical aspects of self-identification, self-management ability and reflection on life of an individual. The authors use the following techniques in order to investigate self-identification features. They are "Purpose-in-Life Test" by D.A. Leontiev, "Selfmanagement Ability Test" by N.M. Peysakhov, "Self-identification Test" and "Self-Actualization Questionnaire" by S.I. Kudinov. A sample of the experiment targets 200 full- and part-time students aged of 19 and 40 at Sholom-Aleichem Priamursky State University. Finally, the researchers conclude that the level of self-actualization among respondents is relevant to meaningful life, that is, the higher comprehension, the higher self-actualization level. Such criteria of self-identification as self-management ability, autonomy and self-fulfillment promote self-actualization of an individual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In modern society, labor becomes a complex and diverse action. The forms of labor are changing, and it's boundaries are eroding. In these conditions it is important to rethink the economic understanding of labor. The main goal of this article is to formulate special aspects of labor as of a noneconomic action. To achieve the goal the author analyzed such notions as "economic action", "non-economic action", and "labor" as they exist in scientific literature. It was also required to find out the distinction between economic and non-economic action, and to describe labor as a noneconomic action. The central statement of the article is that the labor as a non-economic action is characterized by three distinctive features: 1) variety of motives; 2) variety of results; 3) acting agent should be treated as a person. Thus, a modern neoclassical view on labor activity does not allow to understand labor as a complex and various action. In neoclassical economics economic motive is still a dominating one, the results are reduced to profit, and an acting agent is an individuum. Therefore, we need an interdisciplinary theory of labor in economics to consider such aspects of labor as creativity, individuality, and diversity. Philosophy of economics tells us there is a possibility to change our view on labor through a new human model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference of Daugavpils University / Daugavpils Universitates Starptautiskas Zinatniskas Konferences Materiali is the property of Daugavpils University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference of Daugavpils University / Daugavpils Universitates Starptautiskas Zinatniskas Konferences Materiali is the property of Daugavpils University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Why is it possible to reasonably ask 'How do you loosen a screw?' while it is not reasonable to ask 'How do you raise your arm?' For Ricoeur, the exercise of a capacity does not simply result from knowledge. In fact, I do not 'know' my body when I am acting: I am able to act; that is all. I am able to do it because 'I can'. The corporal events 'I know' are not what 'I do'. However, if a paralysed man were to ask the question 'How do you raise your arm?', it would have the same meaning and logical argumentative justification of a proposition concerning objective knowledge (as 'How do you loosen a screw?'), that is, the objects of the world, the techniques and the facts. Ricoeur recognises the validity of this point, connecting it to Merleau-Ponty's thesis referring to the experience of the 'I' as 'I can', that is, as a phenomenological cornerstone of 'my own body'. Within the order of action, power (pouvoir) is comparable to what the evidence is within the order of knowledge. Form one perspective, this reasoning puts into parallel the duality between the discourse about action and the discourse about movement with the natural and cultural dimensions of motivation and cause. Form another perspective, it focusses on the anthropological question concerning human nature. Do we have to reconsider human anthropology understanding action in connection with the themes of power and capacity? If so, what should be the anthropological and ontological fundament of such a new model? This paper tries to indicate the way for an integrate theory of the self able to coordinate and harmonise body and subjectivity, individuality and personhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The individuality of the manager, his personal disposition (psychological, social, physical, professional), his / her abilities, skills and knowledge is decisive for the particular person's deployment in a real crisis situation. The manager has to manage not only routine but is also responsible for managing the situation endangering the lives of people, causing extensive material damage and, eventually, rehabilitation of affected organizations. In such situations it is necessary to replace managerial management (leadership) with the Management Command. The principle of Managerial Command is the choice of a new (unusual, special) strategy and its immediate implementation into the existing system, a strategy to save significant resources of the organization - especially human and economic. The identification of priority psychological, professional, physical and social factors in the decision-making situations of the unexpected crisis was solved by qualitative and quantitative analyzes of the Panel of Experts outputs. The required degree of so-called Hard Skills has been determined including the areas of authority, self-regulation, information processing, and so-called Soft Skills including communication, self-management, expertise knowledge and skills. On the basis of the difference between the achieved values and the optimum it is subsequently possible to establish a development program for specific sub-competences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Animals that live in the socially complex environment would inevitably interact either with other conspecific and/or heterospecific animals. For some beneficial purposes, animals inhabit such environment should be able to recognize or distinguish their surrounding individuals based on particular properties of signals in order to minimize the risk of aggressive response especially to any organism who do not pose a major threat. A signal property emitted by frogs in a population could be used as a recognition cue if the values of the property exhibit greater variation among individuals than within individual. The objective of this research was to examine the individual variation in advertisement call and to investigate the contribution of some acoustic properties to the individuality of Microhyla achatina (Tschudi, 1838). All acoustic properties analyzed in this study exhibit a high level of within and among individuals variation except for dominant frequency. Variations among individuals for all properties were more variable than within individuals. This result demonstrated that the acoustic properties examined here could be used to evaluate individuality in M. achatina. Our Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) showed that individual male M. achatina could be distinguished statistically by their advertisement calls in which 88 % of calls were assigned to the correct individual. The acoustic properties that contributed most toward individual discrimination were call duration, pulse duration and dominant frequency. In conservation point of view, the differences of acoustic properties among frogs could be used as an alternative method of recognizing a single individual. The use of bio-acoustics tool for monitoring the population of certain species is certainly not dangerous due to it is a non-invasive method, hence the application of this method is strongly suggested especially for some species that are threatened and endangered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtual learning environments have gained a great deal of attention in the education community in recent years. Most of the literature on e-learning or other kinds of learning in virtual learning settings, concentrates on the delivery of information or content, putting on the second place or leaving in a shadow the importance of the context and therefore of the scenario that makes possible and successful the delivery of the content. The aim of the present article is to expose the psycho-pedagogical aspects of Constructivist learning thru Google Apps at ODL department Credis of University of Bucharest focusing mostly on the importance of teaching-learning scenario. The case study is focused on the idea that learning is seen as a confluence of for domains or spheres as the subjective experience sphere, the information or content sphere, the institutional sphere and the community sphere wherein each exerts a significant influence on the student's learning proportionally with the emphasis of the teacher. This article shows that the context together with the content are essential in any design paradigm, in this case in Constructivist paradigm and the psycho-pedagogical aspects of the relation between interaction and activity, like a better understanding of the content, the generation of new ideas based on interaction between previous knowledge and new content and construction of the knowledge. Also is shown the complexity of interaction between content and experience, individuality and community, communication and structure, and standards and flexibility. The overarching outcome will be a coherent image of the psychopedagogical aspects of the scenario of a master course designed to enhance ideas with technology based on a Constructivist approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this research is to analyze definition of legal negotiation, distinguish main characteristics of legal negotiation that make it unique and different from other types of negotiations not related to law or lawyers. The research is composed of introduction, two parts and conclusions. Introduction provides a brief overview of the object of that research and its goal, part one describes main elements of legal negotiation definition, proposes universal definition of legal negotiation, in part two individuality of legal negotiation is overviewed, differences of legal negotiation from other types of negotiation distinguished and presented. Conclusion gives main ideas of the assignment of that work in brief. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper concerns a possible method for evaluating cartographic visualizations, with the emphasis on the perspective of the individual differences. Empirical usability testing of a newly proposed cartographic visualization is always an important step in the map-making process. This paper proposes an experimental design for testing the usability of selected cartographic visualizations by using a blank map. A standard topographic map and a specific context map proposed for transport-related tasks were used for the pilot study to examine the proposed testing methodology. An interactive experiment was designed to test differences in perception between both map variants. During the experiment, designed with the MUTEP application, two randomly chosen groups of users were asked to perform several tasks with a map related to object localization or way finding. In the final part of the study, respondents were asked to mark a number of locations on a blank map. All information regarding the responses was entered into a database. In the second phase, the same test was conducted using an eye-tracking tool to observe the elementary cognitive strategies of the respondents. Differences in problem-solving strategies were found with respect to both tested visualizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the key attention is dedicated to the question of the agreements after the World War I, bounded on the Paris peace conference in 1919, i.e. to those agreements which refer to the eviction and exchange of compact national groups from the occupied territories on the sides of Greece and Bulgaria (Treaty of Neuilly, Treaty of Saint-Germain, Treaty of Sevres, and the Treaty of Lausanne). In the paper is also given an estimation of the influence of the exchange of the populations in the process of the national homogenization of the state interests of the Kingdom of Greece and Bulgarian Empire, in the first decades of 20th century. This is an especially important moment in the history of Macedonian nation, because the effects of the exchange of minorities between these two Balkan states contributed to negation of the right of the Macedonian national individuality and the right of the Macedonian independent national development. Undeniable is the social importance of these processes, especially of the agreements for voluntary exchange of populations, of year 1919. This comes from the fact that with the sole negation of the Macedonian national question and the rough assimilation at the time of the exchange of the Macedonian population between Greece and Bulgaria, the question of the identity is opening, the question of the territorial pretensions and most of all, the question of the role of the big forces in the historical destiny of the Macedonian people through the whole interdependence of the balance of the forces on the Balkan peninsula in the 20th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on the role of a "caring" faculty who believes that being a dedicated, thoughtful, and passionate is as important as being professionally competent. It is argued that faculty members can improve the quality of teaching by becoming more sensitive to students' needs even if the faculty member is not fully committed to modern teaching/learning methods. A caring faculty understands, encourages and supports students' individuality and is willing to listen and provide advice. The paper discusses the role of the "caring" professor in creating a positive environment where students feel comfortable being themselves and enjoying and appreciating the total experience of learning. The paper addresses relevant topics that supports teacher-students' relations, and as a consequence, improves the learning environment. The aforementioned topics include: the development of critical rationale for good teaching, taking account of learning styles, how to teach responsively, and recommended steps to build trust with students. In this type of environment students feel that they are important, that their needs can be met, and that others experience joy and satisfaction in helping them get their needs met. It is also argued that when the teacher is able to focus on assisting the students in meeting their needs, teacher's own needs get met. In concluding, the author presents his own reflections based on his experience as an engineering student and a faculty member. The author has a firm conviction that the only professor who belongs in a classroom is a caring professor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research is to investigate the institutional and individual factors which influence scientists' data sharing behaviors across different scientific disciplines. Two theoretical perspectives, institutional theory and theory of planned behavior, are employed in developing a research model, which shows the complementary nature of the institutional and individual factors influencing scientists' data sharing behaviors. This research uses a survey method to examine to what extent those institutional and individual factors influence scientists' data sharing behaviors in diverse scientific disciplines. The national survey (with 1,317 scientists in 43 disciplines) shows that regulative pressure by journals; normative pressure at a discipline level; and perceived career benefit and scholarly altruism at an individual level have significant positive relationships with data sharing behaviors; and that perceived effort has a significant negative relationship. Regulative pressure by funding agencies and the availability of data repositories at a discipline level and perceived career risk at an individual level were not found to have any significant relationships with data sharing behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the use of the verb 'sass' in framing cultural identity and individuality by American author and anthropologist Zora Neale Hurston.

Flow dynamic processes are more steady in natural river beds than in regulated ones. The article presents the K. V. Grishanin criterion M to evaluate bed stability and self-regulation issues for natural and regulated streams. Assessing the natural streams by Grishanin's coefficient it was found that dynamic equilibrium is established and is close to one in natural rivers. According to the research it was found that natural river beds are stable enough (criterion M values ranging from 0.82 to 0.91), while sliming and silting processes are regulated ones (criterion M values ranging from 1.38 to 1.47). Comparing the data obtained by other authors researches show similar regularities, which are confirmed by K. V. Grishanin bed stability criterion M application to evaluate Lithuanian rivers stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information on the need to focus on the most adequate and effective solution to economic, political and socio-educational problems. It discusses the need for democracy to be the perfect art of fusing the ideological differences as the external aspect of a various manner to solve similar problems into the common enrichment's purpose. It explores politics to become the paradox comprising in strengthening the state power and weakening the individuality.

The ubiquitous use of mobile smartphones such as the iPhone, and Internet-based applications commonly known as "apps," can be viewed as simultaneously empowering and constraining for women's experiences and identities due to their potential to blur the boundaries between public and private spheres. Smartphones both symbolize and produce social relations, which Wellman, Castells and others discuss in terms of "networked individualism." Logging, tracking and digitizing the details of one's life mobile technology modifies the processes and outcomes of everyday experiences, gender relations and culture. We conduct in-depth interviews with female iPhone app users to examine how they use and make meaning with smartphones, social media and popular iPhone apps in order to manage parenting (using the app "TotalBaby"), fitness ("Nike+"), menstrual cycles ("Fertility Friend") and daily tasks ("Evernote"). We apply Wajcman's technofeminist approach, which suggests that people and artifacts co-evolve, and technology can facilitate and restrain gender power relations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The combination of social media/mobile technology and Business Intelligence (BI) analysis opens for an unprecedented use of personal data for business purposes. This paper argues that it is high time for ethics to catch up with the evolution of Business Intelligence technology. Traditional BI is defined as decision support for management in an organization, by use of technology. New BI trends include "BI for all", "Social media analysis", and "Big data", but there is little attention on ethics within BI, both in the past decade and when it comes to current "call for papers". Recent research has so far failed to address the potential threat to a person's privacy and individuality. This paper investigates the following research question: To what degree are the existing ethical guidelines sufficient for the privacy and individuality challenges posed by modern BI? Using a framework for analysis by Davenport et al, this paper identifies six types of ethical dilemmas caused by BI technology. The Norwegian Research Ethics Guidelines for Natural Science and Technology (NENT) and the Association of Computing Machinery (ACM) Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct are presented and discussed. The following findings are offered: the guidelines do cover the ethical dilemmas, but they are not followed. This results in a call for more research on dedicated ethical guidelines in BI. Such a framework for BI ethics would be useful for anyone working with BI, both in the industry and in academia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most natural realist view of the physical world is one of independently existing bodies. The question of how one might yet represent quantum systems realistically, given its indeterministic nature and the presence of locally inexplicable distant correlations associated with entanglement, has continued to be central to the investigation of the foundations of quantum theory. Underlying the question is the grounding of individuality, which relates also to the relationship between wholes and parts. These issues and some recent attempts to address them are discussed here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines communication as a wager. Theory and technique of psychoanalysis are critically examined to demonstrate how self-identity is undermined in communication by self-difference. The uncertainty of communication and the wager to overcome it are explained in terms of the imperative that communication cannot not take place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identity is a complex and intricate construct that is often easy to experience and difficult to define. Extensive research assesses the intersection of identities, but often does not measure individual perceived or experienced conflict, which may moderate much of the findings in this area. This paper will evaluate the Dual Identity Distress Scale, a new measure that prompts the participant to consider two identity groups (e.g., race, gender, occupation) simultaneously. Quantitative analyses reveal that dual identity distress is negatively correlated with self-esteem and certain iterations exhibit including a dynamic relationship with behavior. Qualitative analyses compare the emerging dimensions of dual identity with established dimensions of singular identity, and address how individuals cope with this identity integration, which can include both conflict and congruence, external and personal/internal influences, and emotional reactions. Furthermore, this research incorporates a diverse sample population, thus investigating these dimensions across both historically disadvantaged and dominant groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study conducted to analyze individual differences in mu wave suppression in response to dynamic facial expressions. The study found that in response to both pleasant and unpleasant expressions, mu wave suppression would be greater. Using methods found in previous literature, the mu wave suppression variable was generated.

The article focuses on a study conducted to examine the reflection of desensitization to violence in habituation of neural responses to violent images during repeated exposure to the stimuli. The impact of additional individual differences in depression and stress is analyzed. Online survey measures of exposure to chronic violent video games were filled by 36 participants.

Web-based customization is widely adopted in a variety of domains today. Current conceptualization of customization is to provide individualized messages to message recipients based on their particular needs or preferences. A growing body of empirical research has shown positive effects for customization, suggesting that customized messages generate stronger memory and a more favorable attitude than non-customized ones because they match message recipients' need for unique self identity. However, such findings are centered around the Western notion of self which values individuality - prior studies have tested customization effects with only American people. Given that people from different cultures tend to have different views of self, positive customization effects might not be realized in those cultures that do not encourage unique self identity (e.g., East Asian cultures). To advance conceptual understanding of customization, the current study tested existing conceptual approaches to customization (tailoring, targeting, and generic) with two groups of participants from different cultures (Americans and Chinese). An interaction effect was detected between customization and culture on attitude. Tailored messages generated the most favorable attitude for American participants because these messages matched their preferences for unique self identity. In contrast, targeted messages generated the most favorable attitude for Chinese participants since these messages matched their preferences for self-in-group identity. Such customization effects were mediated by three mediating variables: perceived relevance, perceived involvement, and psychological sense of community. Theoretical and practical implications of study findings were discussed. Future research directions were also addressed. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using and extending Macmillan and Eliason's (2003a, 2003b) theoretical and empirical methods developed for understanding and analyzing the life course, we estimate the character and levels of legitimacy of different role-configured pathways to adulthood from ages 17 to 30 for a cohort of high school freshmen in 1988. We then assess the relationship between these objective pathways and the subjective sense of timing of adult roles and acquisition of adult identity. Using Vermunt's (2003) multilevel maximum likelihood estimator, and measures of school, work, family formation, and living arrangement roles, our results show that the transition to adulthood for this cohort can be well-represented by five role-configured pathways. These five paths are characterized by (1) a traditional school-to-work transition coupled with negligible family formation, (2) a traditional school-to-work transition coupled with delayed family formation, (3) a traditional school-to-work transition coupled with traditional "on-time" family formation, (4) the early acquisition of the parent role coupled with a partner and subsequent stable full-time work, and (5) the early acquisition of the parent role, coupled with the lack of a partner and low levels of labor force attachment. These different pathways are then shown to be strongly related to the subjective sense of timing on the acquisition of adult roles and adult identity in general. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to answer two key questions regarding regional and ethnic consciousness: (1) How strong is the ethnic identity among members of Irish organizations in Savannah, Georgia? and (2) How important is their identity as a southerner? The importance of ethnic organizations and particularly the importance of family as transmitters of ethnicity were most significantly related to the strength of ethnic identity. Slightly less than one-third of those who identified themselves as southerners, indicated that their identity as a southerner was much more important than their other identities including their ethnic identity. Ethnic identity for most of the respondents is more important than their regional identity, although for them southerner and Irish are not mutually exclusive identities. The history of the Irish in Savannah demonstrates how ethnicity for whites is highly localized and tied to place. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to determine how one company, American Girl, constructs what it means to be a girl in America. The premise of this study is grounded in socialization theory, viewing the market economy as an agent of socialization and seeks to explain how American Girl reconciles perpetuating traditional values in the wake of the post-feminist era. The methods used for this study were qualitative in nature and took into consideration the store, magazine and books as well as other products and American Girl lines. The primary findings suggest that there is no reconciliation taking place; American Girl is contributing to the divisions of gendered spheres, selling empowerment as well as traditionalism and individuality as well as conformity. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Is another world possible? When viewed in the context of race, Jean-Paul Sartre (1946, 1963a, 1956, 1964, 1988, 1989) and Frantz Fanon (1967) definitely agree on the possibility of another, more egalitarian world. They agree on the means by which this world needs will be achievedâ?”temporal re-articulation. Both identify unity of the temporal ecstasiesâ?”past, present, and futureâ?”as the key to revolutionary racial change. However, they seem to disagree on what will be the end result of this revolutionary process, and their seeming disagreement on how to approach this problem reveals a key underlying dynamic in their work. In Sartre's "Black Orpheus" (1988), and Fanon's Black Skin, White Masks (1967)â?”their two respective major formulations of blacknessâ?”the emancipatory struggle that subordinated racialized beings undertake is implicitly framed in terms of an in-itself, and a for-itself(s). However, with Fanon (1967) there is blackness-for-itself. Rather than having G.W.F Hegel's (1975) "being-in-itself" and "being-for-itself," or Karl Marx's (1978) "class-in-itself" and "class-for-itself"; with Sartre's focus on the authentic racial being (1946, 1988), and most clearly with Fanon's (1967) program for black liberation we find blackness-in-itself and blackness-for-itself. By examining Sartre's theories of race (1946, 1963a, 1988, 1989), and juxtaposing them with Fanon's (1967) theoretical formulation of blackness we will illuminate new possibilities for investigating the phenomenon of race. Sartre (1988) sees the efforts of blackness to emancipate itself, as an inevitability. Fanon (1967) takes exception with this, establishing the individuality and primacy of black agency, establishing blackness-for-itself. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present experiment investigated how deindividuation affects group polarization in computer-mediated communication (CMC). Before exchanging their opinions about social dilemmas with three ostensible partners via computer, participants either shared some personal information (individuated) or not (deindividuated). Consistent with the Social Identity model of Deindividuation Effects (SIDE), deindividuation fostered group identification with the partners, which in turn induced greater opinion polarization, partly by heightening concerns about public evaluations. Although participants rated the partnersÂ’ arguments more positively when they identified with the partners, perceived argument quality did not significantly affect post-discussion opinion shift. Deindividuation did not reduce private self-awareness nor did private self-awareness significantly influence attitude polarization. Implications are discussed in light of SIDE and the referent informational influence theory. ..PAT.-Conference Proceeding [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study investigated the impacts of virtual self-representation (avatars), a personÂ’s perception of the deindividuated situation in which he/she was located, and personality traits on the conformity or dissent behavior in a computer-mediated group decision-making. The present study used the interactionist framework integrating situationalist model and trait model to explain a personÂ’s conformity and dissent behavior in an online group discussion. In other words, this research extended the literature on conformity behavior in CMC by showing that not only objective situational factors provided by computer media, but also a personÂ’s perception of the situation as well as his/her personality traits could contribute to his/her conformity decision. Moreover, this study proved the existence of the curvilinear relationship between the intensity of deindividuation created by computer media and group identity as well as conformity intention by using a personÂ’s perception of the situational deindividuation as the measure of the intensity of deindividuation. This finding empirically supports the optimal distinctiveness theory arguing that a personÂ’s conformity behavior is maximized when they perceive the moderate level of deindividuation from the situation in which they are located. The findings of this study further demonstrated that the curvilinear relationship between perceived deindividuation and conformity intention was moderated by the way people represented themselves with avatars and their need for uniqueness. ..PAT.-Conference Proceeding [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper sets forth a Human Interest Diagram which is used to analyze the relationship between work, professions, society and meaning in people's lives. It then uses this diagram to provide a context for discussing origins of meaning in life and work, rituals used to create meaning, and the evolution of order in society. The tool also provides a viewpoint that clarifies the role of philosophy, the sciences, politics and philanthropists in an evolving society that requires both consistent rituals and adaptation to change. The diagram becomes a useful reference tool when making important connections and understandings between the variety of unpredictable human adventures in society. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Buddhist doctrine of non-self offers an intriguing conception of selfhood often contrasted with the western- modern conception of the self. Though much attention has been given to the study of this doctrine through Buddhist texts, the Buddhist negation of the 'self' is not well captured in the scarce ethnographies that investigate Buddhist practice. By introducing an analytic standpoint to the study of the 'self', this paper distinguishes between three levels: the analytic concept of the self used by the researcher, the emic cultural conception of the self, and the actual experience of selfhood. Based on an ethnographic research among practitioners of Buddhist meditation (Vipassana) in Israel and the United States, this paper uses the above analytic distinctions in order to shed light on the Buddhist concept of non-self. By using the analytic (etic) concept of the self as produced through social relations, this paper reveals how the practices of meditation and renunciation can dismantle emotional and cognitive identifications and aim to de-construct some aspects of the differentiation between the "self" and the "other". Since this differentiation is crucial for the experience of a sense of self, Buddhist practices have a strong influence towards an experience of selfhood that can be understood as a "non-self" experience. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the larger question of social change, the field of social movements has paid considerable attention to the dynamic relationship between macro structural conditions and the mobilization of collective action. Much less attention has been paid to the micro dynamics that underlie the potential for individual resistance, and even less attention has been focused on the dynamics within the self that support the formation of oppositional consciousness. Concern about oppositional consciousness has focused primarily on identity formation. We go beyond these discussions to construct a model of the internal workings of the self. Building on pragmatist work on the self, interaction ritual theory, and recent developments in network theory, we provide the model and the mechanisms to demonstrate that identity is a product of intrapsychic and external processes. The basic mechanism that powers identities is ritual. Participation in social rituals in turn depends on a basic motivation: a self striving for solidarity and expansion. Rituals produce symbols, which actors internalize as tools for making sense of their interactional world. These working understandings of the world are shaped by the properties of the social context in which an individual is immersed. Finally, we argue that social interaction specifically, and network position more generally, shapes the way we see the world and ourselves. What G.H. Mead called the "I" is the foundation of political consciousness, which is a particular type of world view that has implications for personal responsibility and more macro social analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the two relationships between communication patterns and civic virtues, and between civic virtues and political participation on the Internet. Unlike real world communication, the Internet space can reduce the influence of hierarchical communication structure and social prejudices on sex, income, or education. The anonymity on the Internet encourages freedom of expression and thoughts. Through questionnaire survey conducted to Korean university students, the paper looked at the level of human expression and reception on the Internet. This study considered online writing as the human expression of speaking, and online reading as the human reception of listening. Based on the level of expression and reception on the Internet, this paper divided survey respondents into four groups. The result of the survey showed that two groups with higher level of writing displayed more individuality, i.e. willingness to express. On the other hand, two other groups with higher level of reading manifested more civility, i.e. readiness to hear other people's opinions. However, the participation level on the Internet was higher in balanced two groups of writing and reading than other unbalanced groups. The survey concluded that writing and reading on Internet is equally important to civic virtues. While writing, the expressive function of communication, is related with individual aspect, reading, the receptive function of communication, is related with communal aspect. People who exercised both writing and reading were more likely to be highly participating citizens on Internet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Functionality is essential to any form of anticipation beyond simple directedness at an end. In the literature on function in biology, there are two distinct approaches. One, the etiological view, places the origin of function in selection, while the other, the organizational view, individuates function by organizational role. Both approaches have well-known advantages and disadvantages. I propose a reconciliation of the two approaches, based in an interactivist approach to the individuation and stability of organisms. The approach was suggested by Kant in the Critique of Judgment, but since it requires, on his account, the identification a new form of causation, it has not been accessible by analytical techniques. I proceed by construction of the required concept to fit certain design requirements. This construction builds on concepts introduced in my previous four talks to these meetings. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I examine the relationship between gender ideology-work discrepancies and self- and partner-meanings (evaluation, potency, activity). Gender ideology, in this study, ranges from conservative to liberal. An individual has a gender ideology-work discrepancy if she or he maintains paid and/or unpaid work patterns that are typical among individuals who hold the opposite gender ideology (liberal or conservative). Consistent with the hypothesis that discrepancies are stressors, discrepancies reduce wives' feelings of potency and activity as wives/partners and as mothers. By contrast, discrepancies increase men's self-evaluation as men and as fathers, increase feelings of potency as men, and increase feelings of liveliness in general and as fathers. Gender ideology generally does not moderate the relationship between discrepancies and self- and partner-meanings, suggesting that liberals and conservatives experience discrepancies similarly. However, individuals' commitment to their spouse or partner identity (operationalized with reinforcement and interactional and affective commitment) exacerbates the negative effects of discrepancy on women's self-evaluation, potency, and activity in several roles; it also exacerbates the negative effects of discrepancy on women's impressions of their partners' evaluation, potency, and activity as parents. Among men, identity commitment increases the positive effects of discrepancy on their impressions of their own and their partners' liveliness in a few roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses the variety of ways in which young people in the inner-city account for their identity vis á vis gangs. Based on 120 days of participant observation and 67 in-depth interviews conducted over four years, this paper takes what may well be considered "noise" in prior studies of gangs, such as young people who claim to "kick it" with gangs, but do not really "gang bang," and shows how such accounts represent ecologically understood niches in which young people may situate their identity. Rather than starting with a notion of a "gang," and then finding young people who conform to this notion, this study begins with the young people, and probes the ways in which they might situate themselves. Some consultants creatively work the boundaries between such niches, by claiming a gang to which they do not belong in order to create"action," or by refusing to see themselves as part of a gang, even though others might claim they have been "jumped in." Such nuanced accounts shed light on the long standing conceptual difficulty of gang researchers to arrive at a unified conception of "gang," and why "the concept of 'gang' and 'gang related offenses' varies by city, agency, and researcher." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]