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Interoperability platforms (IOPs) have been and are continuously designed, deployed and used for a variety of scopes, from simple data integration, reducing heterogeneity between data sources, data management systems without and with archival function up to allowing for process support and supporting data analysis. Furthermore, the scope depends on the intended use in acute care or research or both of them as well as on the stakeholders involved from health care professionals, external cooperating organizations and up to the involvement of patients. The objective of the paper is to derive a functional classification reflecting not only the IOP development over the last years but also anticipating upcoming designs. As such, four functional levels which build on top of each other have been identified: (i) management of unstructured data, (ii) management of structured data, (iii) process support, and (iv) data analysis. For each level, the respective system architecture is sketched, including functional components and references to relevant standards, profiles, and means for semantic annotation. Furthermore, the functional classification is applied to a set of projects and initiatives and allows assigning them to functional levels, thus enabling functional discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on developing a framework using the theory of consumption values (TCV) to better understand the role of representational and abstract images in marketing. Topics include characterizing these image types; reviewing existing literature on them; and proposing future research directions to explore their impact on consumer behavior. The framework generates propositions aimed at guiding both academic inquiry and practical applications in marketing strategies.

Sanday reads the Statesman as intertwining images with dialectical thinking. On the one hand, we advance from opinions to knowledge by gradually turning away from images and embracing rational arguments instead; on the other, dialectical knowledge must rely on images in order to be effective for the political community. My present comments come not to challenge, but rather to complement, and perhaps refine, Sanday's account. I begin by highlighting the distinction that the Stranger draws between types of images, namely as perceptible likenesses and as likenesses in account respectively, and then reflect on how this distinction helps in leading the interlocutor's search for the nature of statesmanship as well as in implementing insights in the practical life of the city. All of this supports the view that Plato has never had a problem with imitation or images as such, but only with our ignorance vis-à-vis our engagement with imitation and usage of images, and with our ignorance as to what are the objects that we imitate, in other words, figuring out whether they are images of Forms or of sensible things. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]