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This is the report of a conference held to communicate the results of the Non Traditional Community College Project conducted during 1973-74 to determine the potential learning population of metropolitan St. Louis. The conference report consists of major presentations by J. A. Valentine of the College Entrance Examination Board and by the individuals responsible for Project activities, and minor presentations by conference participants. Mr. Valentine's article reports the results of a nationwide study of the learning experiences and interests of adults, discusses the pros and cons of initiating non-traditional education, and briefly reviews the history of educational change. The articles by M. Rooney, C. Lofton, and W. E. Hunter report the results of the St. Louis Project; information about the residence, sex, race, age, martial status, occupations, and education levels of would-be learners, a review of the kinds of learning experiences presently available in St. Louis, and recommendations based on the research findings are included. Other articles are: "Marketing Higher Education" by E. H. Fram; "New Institutions for New Clientele" by E. L. Harlacher; "The Status of Non Traditional Education" by D. A. Trivett; "Challenge from New Learners" by K. P. Cross; "The University of Mid-America" by W. Bondeson; and "Center for Adult Learning" by W. Connor. (DC)

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a model of the psychological processes that take place when a persuader decides to use or not to use a given persuasive message. The assumption is made that if the perceived emotional impact of a message is more positive than an ethical threshold (which varies from person to person), the persuader will use that message, and that if the perceived impact is less positive than the ethical threshold, the persuader will reject the message. This model is mathematized, and the resulting mathematical model is tested against data gathered by G. Marwell and D.R. Schmitt (1967) and by G. Miller, F. Boster, M. Roloff, and D. Siebold (1977). It is shown that these tests strongly support the empathy model. Tables are provided that present information about the compliance-gaining strategies defined in the prior two studies. (Author/GT)

The community mental health center was the research setting for the development of an organizational climate questionnaire. Initially, a Q-Sort technique was applied to a large pool of items derived from existing climate questionnaire statements and interviews with mental health professionals. The item pool was administered to 440 mental health professionals employed in 24 community mental health facilities. Results of the factor analyses revealed an interpretable three-factor questionnaire for measurement of the mental-health clinic climate according to the following dimensions: administrative recognition, staff congruence, and facility conditions. (A sample questionnaire is included.) (MAI)

Drawing from work on the meta-analysis of over 500 validation studies of the General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB) by the U.S. Employment Service, the paper presents a methodological message and a substantive message. Gene Glass's methods, as used by Edwin Ghiselli in personnel selection, ignore study artifacts (sampling error, error of measurement, and range restriction) and lead to a misinterpretation of effect size across studies. Therefore, conclusions on the low predictive power of cognitive testing and the need for local validation are false. Meta analysis has dramatically altered the knowledge from personnel selection studies. Validity (Tables 1 and 2) show that general cognitive ability predicts performance in every job, and better than other pretraining predictors (Table 3). Current job performance predicts future job performance as well as ability (Table 4). While general cognitive ability predicts job performance primarily because it correlates highly with job knowledge, the beta weight indicates ability is also directly related to performance. A detailed, five-page topic outline is appended. (BS)

The landscape of Native American female-owned enterprises remains an underexplored domain, warranting attention to highlight their contributions and challenges. In this study, an exploratory data analysis was conducted, encompassing 4,296 Native American female entrepreneurs. The aim was to illuminate distinctive findings and potential pathways for future investigation. Our research confirms prevailing theories on the existence of cultural and economic clusters within this demographic. Moreover, we delve into discernible patterns and trends, seeking to elucidate factors contributing to sustained entrepreneurial endeavors. Employing correlational analysis and visual representations, intriguing insights emerged, shedding light on the entrepreneurial landscape among Native American women. Furthermore, this study advocates for the exploration of specific areas deserving deeper scrutiny. By highlighting noteworthy observations and suggesting prospective research avenues, this research aims to catalyze further exploration and understanding of Native American female entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Semantic relations have been studied for decades without yet reaching consensus on the set of these relations. However, biomedical language processing and ontologies rely on these relations, so it is important to be able to evaluate their suitability. In this paper we examine the role of interannotator agreement in choosing between competing proposals regarding the set of such relations. The experiments consisted of labeling the semantic relations between two elements of noun-noun compounds (e.g. cell migration). Two judges annotated a dataset of terms from the biomedical domain using two competing sets of relations and analyzed the inter-annotator agreement. With no training and little documentation, agreement on this task was fairly high and disagreements were consistent. The results support the utility of the relation-based approach to semantic representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior knowledge of the distributional characteristics of linguistic phenomena can be useful for a variety of language processing tasks. This paper describes the distribution of negation in two types of biomedical texts: scientific journal articles and progress notes. Two types of negation are examined: explicit negation at the syntactic level and affixal negation at the sub-word level. The data show that the distribution of negation is significantly different in the two document types, with explicit negation more frequent in the clinical documents than in the scientific publications and affixal negation more frequent in the journal articles at the type level and token levels. All code is available on GitHub. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]