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Aircraft are a significant and growing source of air and climate pollution. As a hard-to-abate sector, there are real technological, economic, and operational barriers to decarbonizing aviation. But effective regulation is also constrained by political forces, namely extreme industry concentration, international bureaucracy, protectionism, and international development politics. In this seminar, Dan Rutherford from the International Council on Clean Transportation draws on concrete examples from over 15 years of policy work to explore the promise and limits of evidence-based policymaking as the aviation industry takes its first steps toward net-zero flight.

Technical and vocational education and training (TVET) faces a number of challenges, including technological and societal changes, exemplified by changes in demography, rapidly changing labour markets, persistent social inequalities and conflict. These changes require people to possess skills that are adaptable to the changing nature of work and to new emerging jobs. At the same time, serious concerns about climate change, environmental degradation and scarcity of resources place great pressure on TVET to develop skills and competencies that pave the way towards a green economy and society. There are different views and needs associated with "Greening Technical and Vocational Education and Training" (GTVEt). From 12 to 26 November 2013, 185 participants from 65 countries intensely discussed this topic during the two-week virtual conference "GTVET--Qualifications needs and implementation strategies", held on UNESCO-UNEVOC's e-Forum. The objective was to gather knowledge, experience and ideas to identify the need for further action and support in both practice and theory. The focus was placed on occupational qualification needs for GTVET, including curriculum development and implementation strategies. The online discussion followed four threads, tackling the following issues: (1) Qualifications needs; (2) Curriculum development; (3) Implementation strategies; and (4) Communication and support. Each thread is summarized in section 3 of this report. In addition to the discussions on the e-Forum, a live WebEx session was held, where ten e-Forum members discussed the challenges of implementing and developing GTVET. The most important results of this live session are also included in the summary of the four main discussion threads. All main findings and promising practices that emerged during the virtual conference are summarized in the report, including replies to the welcome message and closing message. In addition, a summary of the presentation on GTVET in Tanzania, which was prepared for the WebEx video conference, is attached as an annex to this report. Conclusions concerning the need for further action have been drawn and a number of outstanding issues are also illustrated. [This conference was moderated by Julia Kastrup and co-moderated by Dagmar Winzier.]

Given the growing environmental challenges, environmental greening has become a crucial goal for universities, serving as a primary driver for societal development across various sectors. Universities face the significant challenge of balancing their academic responsibilities with environmental conservation, ensuring that their actions do not adversely impact natural resources. Despite the importance of this issue, few studies have explored the relationship between university responsibilities and environmental sustainability from a strategic perspective. This study aims to explore the views of university leadership on the key responsibilities that universities must undertake to achieve environmental greening and to assess how effectively these responsibilities are being met. This descriptive survey study employed the Delphi method, targeting a purposeful sample of 25 professors to identify the most critical responsibilities for environmental greening. Additionally, a broader sample of 176 university leaders was surveyed to evaluate the extent to which these responsibilities are being fulfilled. The study identified 29 key responsibilities that universities should adopt to promote environmental greening. Findings indicate that the university's efforts in exercising these responsibilities are moderate but generally lean towards being weak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Greening the Gulf - Coastal Restoration using Mussels A hundred years ago the Hauraki Gulf was home to probably the largest single mussel population in the world - over 500 square kilometres of seabed. Over a period of 60 years Aucklanders and their neighbours ate their way through these mussels, leaving nothing but desolate muddy seafloor behind. Since the fishing stopped in the 1980s the mussels have not shown any sign of recovering at all. Recently, the community group, Revive Our Gulf, has been working with researchers at the University of Auckland in an ambitious project to restore mussel beds to the Hauraki Gulf. This presentation will describe the history, the challenge of what is involved and the progress to date.

It is time that English teachers bring the important work of ecologically informed literary criticism to their students. If English teachers feel that environmental issues are important, and that environmental writing merits the attention and study of all students, then the teachers need to bring the study of nature writing into literature survey courses. Several anthologies now make nature writing available to students. Canon-making predecessors through much of the twentieth century may have dismissed nature writing as somehow removed from the "real world." Another way to bring the literature of nature into the survey course is to start respecting--and teaching--the non-fictional literature of place that traditionally gets short shrift in English curricula. Environmentally-conscious revisions to the canon--and of teaching--lend themselves to both contemporary (especially feminist and post-structuralist) and traditional critical approaches. Introducing ecological concerns to the classroom does not require any radical shift in teachers' critical values or any great expertise in the natural sciences. The advantages of a "green" classroom are many: (1) if environmental issues are of vital importance, teaching literature that addresses those issues offers a chance to change the world; (2) the greening of classrooms can introduce students to a whole realm of writing that at present receives little scholarly attention; and (3) ecological approaches to literature can teach students valuable cultural lessons. (Sixteen references are attached.) (RS)

DKI Jakarta is an urban area with a high population density during working hours, reached 219 people/ha in 2017. This population density encouraged change in green open space to be roads and high-rise buildings, as well as increased exhaust emissions from motorized vehicles. As a result, urban heat island phenomenon has emerged in several locations such as the Jagorawi Toll Road, Cempaka Putih, and Kemayoran. Efforts have been made to reduce and mitigate these impacts by implementing vertical greening system at the flyover structure in DKI Jakarta. However, the temperature in DKI Jakarta continued to rise reaching >41°C in 2019 as the highest record. The continuous increase in temperature proved that the implementation has not been maximized. This study was conducted for the purpose of identifying the benefits and challenges of the application of vertical greening system at the flyover structure and analyzed existing condition of the implemented vertical greening system at the flyover structure in DKI Jakarta. The method used to achieve those purposes was survey by questionnaire and interview, conducted to the provincial government of DKI Jakarta and vertical greening system contractors. The results of this study pointed that the government and contractors most agree on the aesthetic benefits from the social aspect and the challenges of the initial investment from the cost aspect. The implementation of a vertical greening system at the flyover structure has been carried out in 14 different locations with the majority of the systems implemented were living walls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green industries, keeping with its mandate, utilize resources more sustainably by investing in greening programs. Green business practices are used by organizations to market products and foster client loyalty and a positive brand image. Besides, in most green businesses, deterioration can be controlled by investing in preservation technology. Considering these significant aspects, this paper develops an inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items to investigate the combined effect of promotion efforts, preservation technology, and greening investments. The study considers demand from end customers that is price, promotional effort, and greenness level dependent. The model allows shortages which are partially backlogged. Theoretical results are framed to identify optimal values for pricing, replenishment cycle length, and preservation technology investment cost under different greenness levels. The study employs a power functional form for the preservation technology investment function in the numerical example, which is different from previous studies. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to assess the model's behaviour and provide managerial implications. The study finds that the coexistence of promotion and greening efforts, in addition to preservation investment, leads to higher profits. The study also finds that investing more in green technology is advantageous in the long run whereas the effectiveness of preservation methods depends on factors such as product type, preservation costs, and the deterioration rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]