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Fossil fuel is increasingly used in vehicles such as Buses and Trucks. Fossil fuels are also used in the manufacturing and energy sectors to generate electricity. The use of fossil fuels would increase Greenhouse gases, which will badly affect the environment. Many researchers have been proposing methods and schemes to protect the domain from the effect of greenhouse gases. This article has made an effort to study the use of LNG as fuel for vehicles such as Buses and Trucks. The main objective of this research work is (i) to explore the use of LNG as fuel for Buses and Trucks. (i) Operational viability (iii) Economic viability (iv) Safety and Security aspects. The article concludes that using LNG as fuel for vehicles such as Buses and Trucks will significantly reduce the emission of Greenhouse gases and thereby minimize the destruction of the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Total supply chain management cost has always been the interest of many companies in these recent economies. The aim to survive and sustain is important these days. Sustainability in road transport operation can be measured by how the transport company manages the fuel consumption for its vehicles or trucks. Fuel efficiency is one of the key points to measure the success of road transport operation. It can be achieved by controlling the right variables such as speed, weight or volume of transported good, travelled distance and other related variables. However, all the variables are highly affected by the logistics uncertainties such road congestion, faulty vehicles, error in information and many more. In this study, a fuel namely diesel usage optimization model that consider the effect of the logistics uncertainties is proposed. The mixed integer programming model that considers truck tonnage, its age, model and travelled distance as the controlled variables while delay, wrong information and changes in demand volume (carried volume) as the constraints is adapted using a 3-month data from a freight forwarding company. The model is solved using Excel Solver and shows that different models at different age are losing the fuel efficient, but the difference is not significant. At the same time, delay and wrong information do not have effect on fuel efficient but changes in demand volume largely affect the fuel efficiency by 20.4 percent for the three-month data. The sensitivity analysis for the upcoming months are also done. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of civil aviation objects on the environment is characterized by a number of features related to the fact that this kind of anthropogenic activity is rapidly developing, taking on increasing importance in humanity's life. Also, civil aviation is one of the most important connecting elements of international relations. Improving the efficiency of fuel resources applying, which is one of the priority directions for the country's economy development, increases the environmental safety of the investigated objects, including civil aviation facilities. Moreover, this improving leads to positive economic effect. To analyze the impact of civil aviation facilities on the atmosphere were used methods of scientific generalization, modeling, comparative analysis and the statistical method. As a result of the research, the main fuel consumption objects and air pollutants were identified on the airport area. These objects include aircraft engines; special vehicles; motor transport; boiler rooms, etc. The average amount of main pollutants, which entering the airport's monitored area per day, has been established. It is noted that this amount of harmful substances under unfavorable meteorological conditions can lead to a significant excess of the maximum permissible concentrations of the pollutants in the airport's work zone. The main characteristic feature of the aircraft operation is an altitude of the flights, which is 8-13 km and causes the possible impact of emissions from the aviation fuel combustion on the climate system of the Earth. It was calculated the emission of the main greenhouse gas - carbon dioxide, which is released during the aircraft operations. The calculation was carried out using standard methods, which are approved in Russia. The processing of these data was the basis for modeling the dependencies of carbon dioxide emissions on fuel consumption by the aircraft engine for various phases of the takeoff and landing cycle. It was found that the greatest amount of emissions is released on the climb phase. The factors that contribute to reducing emissions of pollutants and the fuel efficiency improving of civil aviation were analyzed. Compliance with these factors will save a significant amount of fuel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oil currently holds a monopoly on transportation fuels. Until recently biofuels were seen as the means to break this stranglehold. They will still have a part to play, but the lead role has been handed to natural gas, almost solely due to the increased availability of shale gas. The spread between oil and gas prices, unprecedented in its scale and duration, will cause a secular shift away from oil as a raw material. In the transport fuel sector, natural gas will gain traction first in the displacement of diesel fuel. Substantial innovation is occurring in the methods of producing liquid fuel from shale gas at the well site, in particular in the development of small scale distributed processes. In some cases, the financing of such small-scale plants may require new business models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of a number of Intelligent Transportation (ITS) applications aimed at providing an environmental benefit, eco-approach technology is one that is feasible in the near-term. An eco-approach application uses Signal Phase and Timing (SPaT) and intersection map information of signalized intersections to provide drivers with recommendations in order to encourage “green” driving while approaching, passing through, and departing the intersections. Upon receiving SPaT information, invehicle systems calculate and provide speed advice to the driver, allowing the driver to adapt the vehicle's speed to pass through the upcoming signal on green or to decelerate to a stop in the most eco-friendly manner. Eco-approach methods have been proposed and simulated showing promising results. In this study, both simulation experimentation and field operational testing have been carried out to demonstrate the eco-approach application and to quantify its potential fuel and carbon dioxide (CO2) savings. Furthermore, it has been shown that a communication platform based on a 4G/LTE network link and a cloud-based server infrastructure is effective and sufficient for this kind of application. It was found in both the simulation experiment and the field operational testing that on average 14% fuel and CO2 savings can be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

With increasing costs for fuel and transportation logistics, there is a growing interest in improving fuel efficiency by employing hybrid drivetrain architecture and effective power management of multiple power sources (engine and battery). However, current ruled-based power management strategies fail to meet the rapidly increasing needs of military vehicles, including: (1) better fuel efficiency and (2) maintaining battery state of charge (SOC) for power offloading applications. In this paper, we propose an optimal control theory based power management solution such that: (1) all traction needs are met; (2) power drawn from the engine for specific mission is minimized, and (3) a certain desired battery state of charge (SOC) is guaranteed for offloading power. Our proposed approach is based on tools from optimization and control theory. The proposed approach is validated using simulation of a mission specific profile and is compared with two other popular control strategies. The improvement in power efficiency and desired SOC level are demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]