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Business Model Canvas (BMC) is a Business Model nowadays it is considered important to be mastered by students in entrepreneurship courses as a starting point to plunge into the world of entrepreneurship because in BMC a framework is explained in a simple way to present the elements contained in a business model. Although considered important, it is very difficult to find an assessment instrument for this aspect. Even if there is, it is not a valid and reliable instrument. This article discusses the design of assessment instruments for BMCs at the College Level. There are 9 aspects of assessment used by the author according to Alexander Osterwalder in his book entitled Business Model Generation which consists of 9 blocks of activity areas to map strategies to build strong businesses, consisting of Customers Segment, Value proposition, Customer Relationship, Channel, Revenue Stream, Key Resource, Key Activities, Key Partnership, and Cost Structure. To produce a quality assessment instrument, the authors tested the validity and reliability of the instrument. The current study authors involve expert entrepreneurship to examine the structure and substance of the assessment, also, the authors tested the instrument as a statistical test. This instrument is used to assess students' understanding of concepts in BMC. Based on the validity of experts Entrepreneurship and statistical analysis shows that aspects of assessment are appropriate to be used to test the ability to understand BMC concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Business Model Canvas (BMC) is a Business Model nowadays it is considered important to be mastered by students in entrepreneurship courses as a starting point to plunge into the world of entrepreneurship because in BMC a framework is explained in a simple way to present the elements contained in a business model. Although considered important, it is very difficult to find an assessment instrument for this aspect. Even if there is, it is not a valid and reliable instrument. This article discusses the design of assessment instruments for BMCs at the College Level. There are 9 aspects of assessment used by the author according to Alexander Osterwalder in his book entitled Business Model Generation which consists of 9 blocks of activity areas to map strategies to build strong businesses, consisting of Customers Segment, Value proposition, Customer Relationship, Channel, Revenue Stream, Key Resource, Key Activities, Key Partnership, and Cost Structure. To produce a quality assessment instrument, the authors tested the validity and reliability of the instrument. The current study authors involve expert entrepreneurship to examine the structure and substance of the assessment, also, the authors tested the instrument as a statistical test. This instrument is used to assess students' understanding of concepts in BMC. Based on the validity of experts Entrepreneurship and statistical analysis shows that aspects of assessment are appropriate to be used to test the ability to understand BMC concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LED-based visible light communication is a new type of communication technology that has developed rapidly in recent years. It has the advantages of rich spectrum, green environmental protection, high speed and good confidentiality. White LEDs as light source enable simultaneous illumination and communication. This paper studies and introduces the light source, channel, modulation method and application of LED-based indoor VLC system. There are problems such as multipath effect and ISI in communication. The solution introduced in this paper is divided into two aspects, light source improvement and signal modulation, and this paper introduces and compares of OOK, PPW and OFDM modulation and demodulation scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Active matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays are being adopted in increasing number of smartphones. Most applications are now based on consistent user interfaces, such as games and instant messaging, and it is therefore crucial to efficiently manage the power consumption of the AMOLED display. To this end, an accurate power model for this type of display is needed. The prior work available in the literature did not consider the dependencies between the red, green, and blue (RGB) channels, or only accounted for limited dependencies between the channels. In this paper, we develop a novel accurate power model for AMOLED displays that considers all possible dependencies between the three channels. We applied this model to four panels from the Galaxy S1, Galaxy S3, and Galaxy S5 from SAMSUNG, and a CHIMEI panel with different customizations. Using four well-known image datasets, the proposed model shows that the smallest error rate is on average 1.13% for the Galaxy S5 panel, while both the simple model and the existing dependency models represent average error rates of 9.69% and 5.53%, respectively. As a result, the proposed model is shown to be correct and generally usable. In these tests, this model was implemented using the vector floating point support of the Cortex-A9 on an Android smartphone at the operating system level. The computation time required for each test image that had a resolution of 720 x 1280 was 3 seconds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The performance of autonomous cars can be greatly enhanced through wireless coordination. However, mobility has traditionally been a challenge for wireless networks due to rapid fluctuation of the signal quality. Current control systems handle this challenge by slowing down the vehicle to preserve safety. However, in this research, we demonstrate that we can robustly characterize the channel quality by mapping the multipath signals to the dynamics of the physical environment, thus controlling the trajectory of the mobile agent to a safe efficient motion path. This allows mobile systems to realize the performance benefits of wireless coordination while providing safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been established in prior research that significant power can be saved by dynamically trading off the performance of individual RF modules for power consumption across changing channel conditions. It has also been shown that the control law that reconfigures the RF front end must take into account the process corners from which the RF devices are selected in order to trade off performance for power in an optimal manner (minimum energy/bit at prescribed data throughput). Design of such an optimal control law is virtually intractable due to the complexity of simulating the RF front end across all possible channel and device process conditions. Hence, existing control algorithms are based on a coarse sampling of the channel-process space, suffer from modeling inaccuracies and are inherently sub-optimal from a performance vs. power perspective. In contrast, in this paper, we propose a RF front end control methodology that is optimized during real-time operation, does not require upfront simulation across all channel process conditions and is not susceptible to simulation inaccuracies. This results in far more robust/optimal control as opposed to current practice. A simulated annealing (SA) based framework for process optimization is proposed along with the use of built-in sensors for monitoring of performance and power. Simulation results and hardware data are presented to show the feasibility of the proposed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Recently, multi-radio mesh technology in wireless networks has been put under extensive research. This is because of its potential to overcome the inherent wireless multi-hop throughput, scalability and latency problems caused by the half-duplex nature of the IEEE 802.11. This paper introduces a design and modelling of different elements on a distinct type of multicomputer networks, the dual-radio wireless hypermesh (DIWH), based on SystemC methodology. The hepermesh is a well-known topology that belongs to the hypergraph family of networks. Hypermeshes have been proposed as potential alternatives to the graph networks for the future System Area Networks (SAN). In this work, we consider a two dimensional DIWH network, where each router node is equipped with two radio interfaces and two non-overlapping channels are available for each node. we address the problem of assigning channels to communication links in the network with the objective of keeping overall network latency low and provide a relatively high throughput. The simulations and analysis have shown that our design achieves a significant increase in network throughput with less average network latency for large number of communication nodes, compared with the CSMA shared channel model, which is currently the de facto MAC protocol for most wireless networks. Our simulations have been validated analytically to show the accuracy of the developed model. In addition, simulation results have shown that the wireless hypermesh outperforms shared medium wireless networks under the constant total bandwidth argument, especially in large networks. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper describes the CMOS logic circuit which is composed with LDMOSFET. Compared to a conventional MOSFET, the proposed LDMOSFET is considered to show a high power tolerance in CMOS inverter circuit and be well adaptable in display driver circuits which require high breakdown voltage and trans-conductance. The channel in LDMOSFET encloses a junction-type source and is an important parameter for determining the transfer characteristics of CMOS inverter. Electrical characteristics of CMOS inverter with LDMOSFETs are studied by using TCAD MEDICI simulator. The voltage transfer characteristics and on-off switching properties are examined. The digital logic levels of the output voltages are analyzed from the transfer curves and circuit operation. The high and low logic voltages show a strong dependency on the channel doping concentration. The CMOS circuit in a display driver circuit shows a large power handling capability with low ON conductance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper presents, for the first time, an integrated microfluidic cooling scheme on multilayer organic liquid crystal polymer (LCP) substrate for high power X-band gallium nitride (GaN) devices and amplifiers. The channel is micromachined on LCP and a mixture of water and ethylene glycol is used as a coolant. A 3D electro-thermal model of the microfluidic channel has been created, which illustrates the advantage of having a micro-channel beneath LCP in the case of a static and moving fluid. Measurements were done at 10.5 GHz on a GaN power amplifier (PDC = 1.68 W, PAE = 15 %) that was placed both on LCP and on a microfluidic channel with a static fluid. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper describes the small scale performances of a 60 GHz channel in an underground mine and in an indoor laboratory using the same channel sounder. The frequency domain channel measurements have been carried out in the 59 GHz to 61 GHz frequency band. Based on the measurements, the two environments are characterized and compared in terms of delay spread, coherence bandwidth. The values of the delay spread are less than 3 ns for both environments. Finally a relationship between the delay spread and the coherence bandwidth is found for both scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The rise in demand for wireless communication has led to an increase in bandwidth usage. The tendency for this bandwidth to become congested has given rise to the development of modulation and coding schemes to better maximize it. The relative spectral efficiency of these schemes in a bid to assess their frequency maximization capacity is analyzed and studied using the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance index. This performance index was derived experimentally with the use of Simulink and BERToolbox in MATLAB 7.5 and practically with BER measurements from an existing Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) link using Ericsson BER performance software. Experimental results showed that QAM and convolutional codes had a 35% and 44% performance improvement at the expense of 26% and 37% spectral efficiency respectively. The real life BER performance of the communication link between a Mobile Switching Centre and a Base Station Controller was observed to be 0.02. These results led to the conclusion that Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) and Convolutional coding schemes proffer the best tradeoff between performance and bandwidth maximization. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

For increasing demand of information sharing between the information systems, the data transfer channels needed to be established between systems. With the growing diversity of the transmission of information, the data transfer mechanism of loosely coupled and easy to extend was needed. The message services provided a communication means of loosely coupled. The message service which used management channel constituted a channel-oriented message service model. The model proposed a content management-oriented message service mechanism. With message transmission channel packaged, channel services as logical organizational unit of the message transmission were formed. The model dynamically could register and manage message services by channel services. Data classification and integration service functions in the channel could be configured, and could be managed, this could increase the capacity of messaging services to improve the efficiency of message transmission and the relevance of information sharing. Experimental results showed that the channel-oriented model could improve the flexibility of message services and the performance of message transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper, we propose a new method for color face recognition. We extract the first, second and third channels of each color image and use PCA and LDA to get a score of each channel, then we use a combine scheme to attain a final score and use this final score to classify test samples. In order to check the performance of our method, we conduct experiments on Georgia Tech (GT) color face database, at the same time, we compare our method with PCA and LDA, and experiment results show that our methods take better performance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper will describe the signal processing and channel enhancement using MIMO technology In order to have flexibility in transmission system, wireless systems are always considered better as compared to wired channel. Having known the drawbacks of the Single Input Single Output system, and having computed the advantages of Multiple Input Multiple Out, several techniques have been developed to implement space multiplexed codes. In wireless MIMO the transmitting end as well as the receiving end is equipped with multiple antenna elements, as such MIMO can be viewed as an extension of the very popular ‘smart antennas’. In MIMO though the transmit antennas and receive antennas are jointly combined in such a way that the quality (Bit Error Rate) or the rate (Bit/Sec) of the communication is improved. At the system level, careful design of MIMO signal processing and coding algorithms can help increase dramatically capacity and coverage. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Research into localization has produced a wealth of algorithms and techniques to estimate the location of wireless network nodes, however the majority of these schemes do not explicitly account for non-line of sight conditions. Disregarding this common situation reduces their accuracy and their potential for exploitation in real world applications. This is a particular problem for personnel tracking where the user's body itself will inherently cause time-varying blocking according to their movements. Using empirical data, this paper demonstrates that, by accounting for non-line of sight conditions and using received signal strength based Monte Carlo localization, meter scale accuracy can be achieved for a wrist-worn personnel tracking tag in a 120 m2 indoor office environment. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Industrial wireless sensor network design requires efficient channel usages and timeslot assignment. In this paper, we describe an integrated channel-timeslot allocation algorithm based on a routing-tree coloring scheme. According to a strict routing-tree definition and corresponding resource allocation principles, the algorithm performs in two phases. In the first phase, a traditional mesh sensor network is mapped to a routing tree and each node is colored algorithmically. In the second phase, timeslots are assigned on the colored routing tree according to principles of timeslot allocation. The total number of timeslots necessary by this algorithm for a generic sensor network is theoretically analyzed and the algorithm performance is also evaluated by simulations. The algorithm is compatible with all three latest industrial wireless network standards, WIA-PA, WirelessHART, and ISA 100.11a. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper will describe the signal processing and channel enhancement using MIMO technology In order to have flexibility in transmission system, wireless systems are always considered better as compared to wired channel. Having known the drawbacks of the Single Input Single Output system, and having computed the advantages of Multiple Input Multiple Out, several techniques have been developed to implement space multiplexed codes. In wireless MIMO the transmitting end as well as the receiving end is equipped with multiple antenna elements, as such MIMO can be viewed as an extension of the very popular ‘smart antennas’. In MIMO though the transmit antennas and receive antennas are jointly combined in such a way that the quality (Bit Error Rate) or the rate (Bit/Sec) of the communication is improved. At the system level, careful design of MIMO signal processing and coding algorithms can help increase dramatically capacity and coverage. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Cloud computing is making a new revolution in the computing world. Elasticity is one of the key features of the cloud which makes cloud computing further fashionable. Cloud is still in its infant stages and it faces a wide range of security threats. The security downtime of cloud is relatively slowing down the spreading up of cloud computing. This paper focuses on the security threats faced by the web lets during their migration between the cloud and the mobile devices. Web let migration is an important task during the implementation of elasticity in the cloud. As a primary step, a secure communication channel is designed for the web let migration by deploying secure shell protocol. Herein, the vulnerabilities in some authentication mechanisms are highlighted and a better way of authenticating the web lets with SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) is suggested. Finally, managing the traffic effectively in the designed channel with the aid of back pressure technique is also covered in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient and secure channel group key establishment and rekeying management scheme for mobile IPTV service. Compared with traditional IPTV service, mobile IPTV is much more vulnerable to various attacks, and membership management is more complicated because of the user mobility. Our scheme provides a group key management mechanism that supports authentication between eNB and the mobile devices for security enhancement and efficiently rekeys the group key when membership changes. Our proposal can cope with the security vulnerability of mobile IPTV for reliable group communication and guarantees secure group key rekeying in addition to decreasing the storage and communication overhead. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper investigates spatial interference for networks in 60 GHz band and presents a integrated 60GHz transmission module. It consists of a serial bus interface that encodes the channel selection, configures the analog parts and manages the power. Narrow beams are essential for overcoming higher path loss and can be implemented using compact electronically steerable antenna arrays. The proposed package utilizes mainstream manufacturing and automated assembly process, it paves the way for the market success of 60 GHz applications. Because low variation in phase shift across process and temperature implies, each element is set phase-shift without any calibration for variations. The direction spread measure is treated with information of the power distribution of the components. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The growing demand for bandwidth intensive wireless applications and devices portend a future where millimeter-wave and sub-THz carrier frequencies will be used to provide massively broadband® bandwidths and many Giga-bits-per-second (Gbps) data rates in mobile environments [1]. Concurrently, the importance of energy efficiency for communication systems incentivizes discovery of new routing and access techniques that work in conjunction with power saving protocols to maximize battery life and improve power consumption. Wireless channels, as well as the wireless devices themselves, play a major role in determining both achievable data rates and power requirements. In this paper, we use the consumption factor [2] framework to quantify the impact of channel characteristics on both data rate performance and power consumption in a wireless link. Based on recent 38 GHz cellular propagation measurements [3], we demonstrate how future (5G) millimeter-wave cellular channels will impact the data rates and power requirements for future millimeter-wave cellular systems having cell radii less than a km. Analysis results presented here show how to include frequency-domain representations of the channel for use in the consumption factor analysis. A key result from the analysis is that, as massively broadband systems become more prevalent, it will be important to assess the ideal cell size to achieve the lowest energy consumption per pit. Higher bandwidth systems generally benefit form shorter transmission distances. As futuristic cellular standards contemplate the use of millimeter-wave frequencies for greater bandwidths, the work here may offer insight into how to analyze energy efficiency and performance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

VJFET is the device commercially available and further research is going on. In this paper a SiC based power VJFET with low specific on resistance and high breakdown voltage is demonstrated. A low specific on resistance of 6.1mΩ-cm2 is achieved for a blocking voltage of 2250V by varying its device parameters like channel opening, drift region doping, drift length and the source-drain doping. VJFET demonstrated here do have high baliga's figure of merit calculated as Vbl2/Ron-sp = 827 MW/cm2. These simulations are performed on Synopsys TCAD tool. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper describes the System Verilog modeling language developed by Tiempo to design asynchronous circuits. The language enables designers to model, verify and debug asynchronous circuits using standard simulators, viewers and debuggers. The paper first highlights how the concept of communication channel is supported and how System Verilog is used to declare channels and ports, reading and writing ports and testing port's activity. The different memorization semantics associated with channels are addressed. Modeling and designing asynchronous circuit architectures using channels is then presented taking advantage of System Verilog modules and processes. The modeling of distributed and concurrent asynchronous circuits using the concepts defined in Tiempo System Verilog language is then described. An illustrative example shows the efficiency of the language as well as its ease-of-use. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper presents an original development methodology for the use of SystemC to compare two different networks at the system level. A single cluster of a single channel network based on CSMA and multi-channel network cluster based on non-overlapping channels available for each node have been developed. In both network configurations a noiseless (error-free) channels are used, since the focus in this paper on channel assignment and validation of the results. Our simulations were validated analytically to show the accuracy of the developed model. Performance results for the simulations as well as development effort are presented thus showing how this methodology is well suited to the modelling of relatively large networks. Moreover the experience of using SystemC design methodology to analyse the performance properties of wireless communication network is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The integrated crosstalk noise (ICN) has been proposed in the IEEE 802.3ba standard to measure the crosstalk in the high-speed channel and accepted as a replacement of the ICR (Insertion Crosstalk Ratio) for channel noise estimation. As the PHY options of NRZ, PAM-4 and/or Duobinary are actively explored for higher data rate, a generalized ICN model will be needed for characterizing the channel SI performance. This paper presents the analysis of the integrated crosstalk noise (ICN) model for 10 Gb/s NRZ coding based system and generalizes the ICN model for 25 Gb/s and beyond system adopting the NRZ, PAM-4 or Duobinary coding scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The number of wireless devices, diversity of communication standards, and sophistication of modulation schemes are increasing dramatically each year. With each subsequent generation of technology, the cost of testing wireless devices using traditional techniques also has increased. One way to minimize hardware costs and reduce test time is to use virtual or synthetic instruments along with modular I/O; however, a new approach, software-designed instrumentation, not only provides microprocessor software flexibility but an open, user-programmable FPGA for further customization. This approach gives RF test engineers the ability to reduce test times orders of magnitude beyond what was previously possible without custom or standard-specific instrumentation. In this work, we demonstrate how a software-designed RF instrument can include an architecture that facilitates the record-based model of typical virtual or synthetic instruments. We show how this architecture can be extended with simple FPGA modifications to digitally control the device under test (DUT), reducing capital equipment costs by eliminating unnecessary instruments. We achieve a test time reduction of three orders of magnitude in a power leveling algorithm, common in RF power amplifier test. We also show how a software-designed RF instrument can be completely re-architected to implement a real-time RF channel emulator by including complex mathematical fading models on the FPGA. Using this approach, we demonstrate a 2×2 real-time MIMO channel emulator with up to 36 taps per fading filter. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

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The article discusses which developed a series of numerical model to simulate the sediment sudden siltation of channel in Oujiang, China estuary during typhoon. The effect of channel protection project is studied according to the simulation. The simulating waves nearshore (SWAN) wave model designed for wave simulations in the near-shore region is explained in detail in the article.

We present Communication and Lighting Emulation Software (CandLES), a model of wireless Visual Light Communications (VLC) that aids the design of dual-use communication and fully functional indoor lighting systems. Given a system design and an environment specification, CandLES characterizes the overall communications performance with respect to key metrics, which include achievable datarate, error rate and coverage, as well as lighting performance with respect to illumination coverage. The system and environment specifications that can be set are detailed and flexible, making CandLES a powerful tool for improving the design of such a system as well as testing its robustness to different environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts of international management topics which include the role of personal values in job choice, international research and development networks in the consumer electronics industry, and immigrant entrepreneurs' bicultural identity integration and social capital creation.

This paper presents the effects of the rib-groove turbulators on the heat transfer and friction characteristics in a rectangular channel. The experiments encompass the Reynolds number range from 1800 to 10,000; pitch ratios (PR = P/e) 6.6–13.3 by using air as the working fluid. The obtained results demonstrate that heat transfer rate in term of Nusselt number (Nu) increases with the increase of Reynolds number, whereas friction factor (f) shows the opposite trend. Both Nusselt number and friction factor increase with decreasing pitch ratio. It is also observed that heat transfer rate and friction factor for the channels with rib-groove turbulators are higher than those for the smooth channel under similar test conditions. In addition, the correlations for heat transfer rate in term of Nusselt number (Nu) and friction factor (f) for channel with rib-groove turbulators are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to produce multi-Gev electrons from Laser Wakefield Accelerators, we present a technique to guide high power laser beams through underdense plasma. Experimental results from the Jupiter Laser Facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory that show density channels with minimum plasma densities below 5×1017 cm-3 are presented. These results are obtained using an external magnetic field (<5 T) to limit the radial heat flux from a pre-forming laser beam. The resulting increased plasma pressure gradient produces a parabolic density gradient which is tunable by changing the external magnetic field strength. These results are compared with 1-D hydrodynamic simulations, while quasi-static kinetic simulations show that for these channel conditions 90% of the energy in a 150 TW short pulse beam is guided over 5 cm and predict electron energy gains of 3 GeV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Departing from the 'channel'- centered concept of media use, this study empirically examined the possibility that media use patterns center on particular content-types across different media channels. A factor analysis on the items tapping the use of various media channels (newspaper, television, and the Internet), which are further divided into specific contents consumed within each medium (N = 1000), yielded a five-factor solution. Among these factors, three were channel-bound, whereas two were content-bound. Results suggest that media users tend not only to use one particular channel for various contents, but also to pursue particular content types across various media outlets. This research also attempted to predict these channel- and content bound media use patterns by utilizing demographics, media use motives and interests. Results are discussed with regard to how the traditional 'channel-bound' notion of media use is being challenged in the era of new media ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study tests the idea that television genres (crime drama, reality cop shows, news) and channels (TV and newspapers) vary in their potential to cultivate perceptions, fears, and behavior related to exposure and attention to crime content. Five-hundred-and-five randomly selected adults over the age of 18 in Indiana were interviewed. Regression analyses indicate significant variance across media genres and channels in their influence on viewer orientations to crime. Yet overall, media use is a relatively weak predictor of crime orientations. ..PAT.-Conference Proceeding [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study uses detailed playlist data for a national sample of FM rock music stations to compare independent stations and stations owned by chains of varying sizes along two metrics of content diversity. The first measure shows the extent to which a few songs dominate the playlist. The second shows how much the station’s playlist overlaps with other stations across the country in the same format. The results show that the larger the station’s owner, the less diverse its play, both internally and relative to its peers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the development a new, subscriber- and advertiser-supported gay cable channel by Viacom subsidiaries, MTV and Showtime. It considers why the channel was shelved when first proposed in 1994, and what cultural, technological, and marketing developments make such a prospect viable in 2002. While gay cable offers many advantages over both mainstream media outlets and gay and lesbian media, channel executives nevertheless face remaining challenges, including finding distributors, advertisers, and subscribers, and developing content sufficiently diverse to appeal to a broad spectrum of the GLBT audience. And while many ideological battles have been fought in media, it is unwise to overinvest in a commercially-funded system for significant legal and cultural civil rights gains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The encryption process in wireless channel transmission is the basis for ensuring data security. Through encryption algorithm, by using a pseudorandom sequence for data encryption and decryption process, data security is enhanced and data is hard to be deciphered in the wireless channel. Through specific analysis and realization of the network layer, the transport encryption and decryption in wireless channel is completed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper a new approach to RFID system characterization is presented. This new characterization system uses three different antennas and a multi-channel high frequency oscilloscope to gather the full behavior of the envelope as also of the RF signal in the air interface. It is expected that by using this measurement framework, information of tag RF efficiency and complete UHF RFID channel can be obtained, which can be useful in RFID system design and characterization. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Since reform and opening, Chinese insurance industry an average annual rate of 30% in the rapid growth of the important aspects of the financial system. The sports insurance as a new type of insurance growth steadily and rapidly. At present, it is an important subject of insurance industry, which is that how to promote sports insurance industry with a fast and great speed development in term of the guidance of scientific concept of development, meanwhile, it is even important for the great subject of sports insurance with a health development. It is a fundamental way to promote sports insurance can be coordinated and sustainable development which established a good marketing channel for the market from the development of sports insurance, trends, business situation analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper investigates downlink MU-MIMO for further improvement using an analytical method. The method shows that the potential benefit for MU-MIMO with increased feedback is strongly dependant to channel frequency selectivity. The introduced codebook with 8- and 12-bt PMI cases are shown to exploit the structure to significantly lower the complexity of PMI searches. Link level simulations confirm our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Cellular radio systems accommodate a large number of users with a limited radio spectrum. The concept of trunking allows a large number of users to share the relatively small number of channels in a cell by providing access to each user, on demand, from a pool of available channels. Traffic engineering deals with provisioning of communication circuits in a given area for a number of subscribers with a required grade of service. Traffic in any cell depends upon the number of users, the average request rate and average call duration. Certain number of channels is required for the required GOS. To design an optimum capacity cellular system, traffic behavior on that system is important. The number of channel required can be estimated by using Erlang formula and Erlang table. Erlang table is not always useful to calculate the probability of blocking in various complex scenarios such as channel borrowing strategies. When the total number of channel available in a given cell are divided to serve partly for newly generated calls and partly for handover calls, and if they use dynamic channel assignment strategies like channel borrowing, then the probability of blocking can’t be calculated from Erlang table. Simulation model of the behavior help us to determine the blocking and the channel utilization while using various channel assignment strategies. The title “Study and Simulation of Traffic Behavior in Cellular Network” entail the study of the blocking probability of traffic in cellular network for static channel assignment strategies and dynamic channel borrowing strategies through MATLAB programming language and graphic user interface (GUI). The result shows that the dynamic scheme can perform better than static maximizing the overall utilization of the circuits and minimizing the overall blocking. © 2007 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For organizations they are pervasive, hard-if not impossible-to keep quiet, challenging, unexpected, and can be catastrophic. They are organizational crises. The strength in our knowledge of crisis communication is the depth of knowledge regarding individual crisis response strategies. The weakness of our knowledge of crisis communication is a failure to develop a theory-based set of connections between situational factors and crisis communication (Coombs & Holladay, 1996; 2004; Hearit & Courthright, 2003). This failure to understand the relationships between crisis situation and crisis communication makes difficult any endeavor to connect crisis communication with outcome specific to managing the organization's communication during a crisis. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to assemble a model for crisis communication that draws from our knowledge of crisis response messages, situational and organizational factors influencing crisis response, organizational culture, stakeholder communication, and interorganizational relationships. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Channels of communication have been treated as having different inherent characteristics. For example, Media Richness Theory attempts to postulate these differences in terms of richness or leanness; a channel's richness or leanness is determined by the amount of deliverable cues, feedback, language variety, personal focus and shared understanding that a channel is able to deliver. Channel Expansion theory, however, accounts for experiential factors that directly influence the perceived richness of a particular channel of communication. In the current study, the researchers solicited participation from 159 undergraduates at a small, liberal arts university on the east coast. Participants were asked to complete a survey concerning the primary medium of communication of an organization of which they were currently a member. These data indicate direct evidence to support the claim that the more the experience a group has with a channel the more they perceive it to be rich. Therefore, experiential knowledge can have a positive influence on perceived media richness, causing a necessary revaluation of the media richness theory, and its assumed hierarchy of media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary form only given. An experiment was performed to measure ion hose growth rate using the Troll accelerator (2.5 MeV, 1 kA, 1μs) and a 14-m-long, 1-m-diameter propagation range. The channel was produced by ionization of a background gas with low-energy (400-V) electrons. Beam transverse displacement (x,y) was measured at 11 locations, using dB/dt diagnostics distributed throughout the first 6 m of propagation. The amplitude of transverse oscillations of a given beam segment was seen to grow, saturate, and damp as the segment propagated. For oscillations of less than a channel radius, the amplitude at saturation (d) vs. beam segment (t) grew exponentially according to d=d o exp(2πGt/tc), where G is the growth rate and tc is the characteristic oscillation time of the channel. The next phase of this experiment addressed long-range propagation, and used a 91-m-long, 1-m-diameter propagation range. The channel was produced by laser photoionization of the organic gas trimethylamine (TMA). A KrF laser was used which operates at 248 nm, near an absorption peak of TMA, and produces a 5-J, 2.5-cm-radius beam. The total electron beam current and current density profile were measured about every 15 m throughout the propagation range [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]