Search

In the oil extraction industry, large quantities of water are processed, which is extracted with the oil and gases from the deposits which is then used in the injection process. Water treatment is required because they contain various impurities that make them unsuitable for disposal in the environment. As these wastewater must be disposed of, the most appropriate way is to treat them and inject them into various underground layers. The most common use of wastewater is found in water injection processes to improve oil recovery. In the process of treating the water extracted from the X deposit, no chemicals are used, but only air flotation cells, having a low efficiency, eliminating about 10% of the crude oil. Following the research carried out, it was possible to establish a method of improving the treatment plant used, proposing some modifications to the flotation cells with pressurized closed air type, attaching a water pump and renewing the filters. These changes increased the efficiency of the treatment plant by about 75%. The stages of water treatment are: 1. oil removal. 2. removal of particles by coagulation, filtration or reverse washing. 3. mixing water with the necessary chemicals: crust inhibitor, oxygen scavenger chemicals, biocides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The utilization of food preservation materials including addition of antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds can be used to improve shelf-life and decrease the risk of food poisoning. Since plant matrices possess antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity, nowadays natural products are developed as food preservatives to protect themselves from microbial infection and deterioration. Artocarpus altilis leaves were powdered and extracted with distilled water, ethanol, and chloroform for 1 h each at room temperature and repeated three times. Antimicrobial activity of extracts was evaluated by the broth micro-dilution methods against a few food spoilage fungi and pathogen bacteria. Radical scavenging activity of Artocarpus altilis dried extracts was compared with gallic acid using 1, 1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl method. Aqueous extract exhibited the strongest antifungal activity against Penicillium sp than that of other spoilage fungi with the AFA value of 140.36 ± 3.76%. Ethanol extract showed remarkable inhibitory activity against E. coli and S. thypi bacteria with MIC value at 0.025 mg/ml, followed by chloroform and aqueous extract. Chloroform extract showed marked antioxidant activity in radical scavenging method. The results suggest the Artocarpus altilis might have essential use in the future as antimicrobial agents for food and pharmaceutical industry. The Artocarpus altilis extracts showed more antimicrobial activity than shown by their antioxidant activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poly(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene) (EVOH) based systems containing two different active ingredients (AIs), gallic acid (GA) and umbelliferone (UMB) at 5 wt. % and 15 wt. %, were successfully produced by solvent casting and extrusion. The effects of process techniques, active ingredients presence, content and typology on morphological, thermal, mechanical and optical properties of EVOH based films have been analyzed. In addition, migration and radical scavenging activity and moisture content studies were performed, with the objective of evaluating the effect of gallic acid and umbelliferone on the structural and functional properties of relevant/strategic importance in food packaging sector. Data obtained from optical properties (transparency and colorimetric) investigation underlined that the additions of AIs in EVOH copolymer induced important alterations, whereas migration to food simulants data restricted the use of produced films in contact with fatty foods. The use of GA and UMB clearly induced positive antioxidant activity confirming the useful use of extracts in the food packaging sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work is to compare the scavenging performance and oxygen absorption kinetics of active food packaging films, produced by adding the same percentage of two different formulations of polymeric oxygen scavengers, both copolyester based and designed for PET packaging. Rheological analyses were conducted to investigate possible differences among the macromolecular structure, while oxygen absorption measurements in continuous were performed to evaluate the influence of the different composition on the scavenging phenomenon. The results revealed differences in the molecular chains, and an enhanced formulation for one of the scavengers, with increased scavenging power and exhaustion times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antioxidant activity was analyzed of raw and 24, 72, 120 hours germinated Brassicaceae family seeds (radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radicula), broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) and rape (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera)). Were detected changes in amounts of ascorbic acid, total phenols, ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging capacity during seeds germination. Seeds germination resulted in an increase of ascorbic acid content. The highest amount was in germinated rape seeds and increased by 5.1 times. Compared raw and 120 hours germinated seeds, the amounts of phenol compounds increased by 1.6 time in broccoli, whereas in the seeds of rape decreased by 0.9 times. During all germination process DPPH radical scavenging capacity increased in broccoli seeds 1.4, in radish seeds - 1.6 times. In rape seeds this index fluctuated and after 120 hours was less than in raw seeds. ABTS radical scavenging capacity was the highest in 120 hours germinated radish seeds - 2.65 mmol g-1. The statistically significant strong and medium positive correlations between the amounts of phenol compounds, ascorbic acid, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capacity were established in the germinated radish seeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the efforts of textile and chemical manufacturers to develop innovative products which reduce the overall exposure to harmful substances, with emphasis on the aldehyde scavenger from NICCA USA Inc.