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One of the main reasons dogs are going lame is a cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR), leading to the tibiofemoral joint instability (Johnston et al., 2001). There is a reason to believe that the CCLR is a consequence of immune-mediated polyarthritis. Recently, many scientists have focused on biomarker researches, which can provide information about changes in the joints and efficiently monitor the progress of the disease, when treatment is started. This is particularly important for investigating the diagnostics of OA. The development of degenerative process can be prevented by the early taken necessary measures. Although there are explored and described some of osteoarthritis biomarkers, to date, none of them is in use in clinical practice (Tobias et al., 2012). The aim was to evaluate changes in the canine synovial fluid physical properties and cells quantity and composition, when the cranial cruciate ligament rupture has been diagnosed. It was also investigated the concentration of biomarkers CRP and COMP in plasma and synovial fluid by the cranial cruciate ligament rupture and by clinically healthy dogs. In total there were 35 dogs tested, twenty-five with CCLR and ten healthy dogs from control group. By researched group in canine synovial fluid there were found neutrophil and mononuclear cells more than usual should be. In synovial fluid there were found a small amount of red blood cells, although they are generally absent from synovial fluid. The study has been informative and has confirmed the assumption that in most cases the CCLR is a secondary disease caused by immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMP). Studies of biomarkers CRP and COMP from plasma and synovial fluid showed that by the cranial cruciate ligament rupture, the concentration of biomarkers was significantly increased compared with the results obtained from the control group samples. The aim of our study was to show the importance of the synovial fluid composition and cells analysis by joint disease diagnostics and to promote the use of biomarkers in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]