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This study aims to describe the ability of mathematical literacy in solving HOTS problems in terms of students' cognitive styles. This research is a type of descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study consisted of 4 students of class XI MIPA 4 SMA Batik 1 Surakarta. The research instruments used test and interviews to students. The test consists of two types, namely the Group Embedded Figure Test (GEFT) test to determine the type of cognitive style of students and the mathematical literacy ability test adapted from HOTS questions consisting of 2 questions using types C4 and C5. The results showed that the ability of mathematical literacy in solving HOTS problems in terms of the cognitive style of the independent field reach the indicators of mathematical literacy, namely: indicators of formulating, applying, evaluating and interpreting, this can be classified as mathematical literacy in the subject of S1. The ability of mathematical literacy in solving HOTS type problems in field dependent subjects can reach the formulate indicators, but is less able to apply indicators and indicators of evaluating and interpreting, it can be classified as mathematical literacy in S3 subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the prevalence of digital interaction within the Generation Alpha, this study focuses on the digital wellbeing of elementary school-aged children in South Korea. By taking into account the multi-faceted nature, this study frames the issue that exists within children's digital wellbeing as a complex problem and aims to have a better comprehensive understanding of the system using a designerly and systems thinking approach. Thus, this study conducts a Systematic literature review and thematic analysis to get grasp of the current situation which then is translated using a systems thinking-based visualization tool to convey the causal relationships that exist within the system. Therefore, the outcome of this study presents a concept map that consolidates the findings to communicate a holistic perspective of children's digital wellbeing which can be used in design activities and decision-making processes which contribute to future design solutions and conversations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a well-known fact that schenkerian principles of analysis and musical thinking open comprehensions of the musical works that are not reachable by using other methods of analysis. Breaking a piece down into manageable fragments and identifying strategies for sight reading, learning and memorizing are steps that have to be identified and completed that could be possibly leading to the development of the brain functions that are essential to instrument playing but also for the cognitive control of behavior. The structural analysis offers the awareness and the self-monitoring that can help in this matter. A musician who understands the effects and functions will reveal the richness of the analysis in the performance of the work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existence of the national defense system is supported by the structural elements of the state, which from the perspective of ensuring the public defense service of the state are given distinct properties and attributions, whose configuration is the result of the action of a set of factors, both internal and external nature. In the contemporary paradigm, in which national defense is carried out interdependently with collective defense, the state's participation in alliance systems and forms of international cooperation determine substantial transformations in the field of defense, including in the field of defense planning. Defense planning, as regulated by Law no. 203/2015 involves carrying out a set of activities and measures aimed at protecting and promoting national interests, as well as achieving the state's national security objectives, under the direct coordination of representative public authorities that mediate at the central level the exercise of the will of the people in order to achieve democratic control defense civilian. From an executive perspective, the defense planning process does not only involve a simple exercise of the legal powers assigned to the authorities of the central public administration, but is a consequence of how to ensure balance in the interrelationship between these authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to analyse how the chronological aspects of direct and indirect cause and the dominance of many factors influence human self-confidence or self-esteem, this study will analyse the correlation between ages, heredity, believes, height, weight, job, education, and communication or relationship with self-believe according to the existing theories. Data were collected with online tools using the sampling method, with a total of samples used were 100 data. Data were collected using positive Linkert scale method and analysed by Structure Equation Model; Path Analysis; this method will examine the chronological cause and effect among variables, with its objective is to examine the direct and indirect effect and dominance a set of variables, as the cause variables towards other variables as the effect variables. The study found that based on the model scenarios proposed and tested based on gender; The obtained result shows that based on data gender shows that for women partially self-believe influenced by belief (8,65%), and weight (6,99%), meanwhile for men self-believe more influenced by job around 37,4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experience of trauma impacts brain chemistry in significant ways. When people experience trauma on a regular basis, their cognitive function decreases as the brain begins to operate less from the pre-frontal cortex, which controls executive function and higher level thinking, and more from the mid and lower brain areas, which operate based on emotion rather than cognition. Many entrepreneurs experience trauma both related to their business enterprise (for example, "will I be able to make payroll this week," interacting with difficult employees and customers, the stress of "everyone counting on me", etc.) and outside their work (how to balance the demands of running a business with the demands of having a family, going through divorce, death in the family, etc.). This paper will explore the already existing literature related to how the experience of trauma, particularly long-term exposure, impacts entrepreneurs' cognitive function and, thereby, their ability to effectively run their business, and assess future opportunities for research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dementia, a type of cognitive brain dysfunction that includes Alzheimer's and Parkinson's illnesses, affects people of all ages, genders, and geographical locations. Dementia is caused by a loss of neuro transmission caused by a fault in synapses in neurons, which is a difficult process to diagnose. These chronic illnesses have a direct impact on patients' lifestyles, therefore early identification and treatment with drugs and non-pharmaceutical therapies reduce the stress that healthcare infrastructure and caregivers encounter. This review identifies and disseminates the clinical characteristics and consequences of dementia, as well as various radiological techniques for determining the extent of brain damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescents are often the first to experiment with drinking, a phase considered to be essential in neurogenesis. The developing brain is more prone to the impact of drinking. Whereas the intellectual disadvantages related to adolescent alcohol consumption were extensively established, the brain foundations underlying physiology are still poorly known. Brain white matter was already proposed as the principal source of liquor injury, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provides for inside the laboratory measurement of brain structure viability. This article combines findings from bridge and continuous DTI investigations that show hippocampal pathways, notably those assumed to be important in cognitive performance, keep growing during adolescent years. Several DTI studies show a favorable relationship among brain structure intact and neuropsychological ability, as well as the negative consequences of long-term alcohol dependency on hippocampal stability in adulthood. We present a thorough evaluation of DTI research investigating the association among teenage alcohol consumption and brain structure preservation. The majority of such investigations' findings shows that heavy drinking is related to decreased white matter stability, notably in the supra longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and some evidence shows that somehow this association may be altered by gender. We end by noting the study's bewilders and limits and recommending additional relevant studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many robot-delivered health interventions aim to support people longitudinally at home to complement or replace in-clinic treatments. However, there is little guidance on how robots can support collaborative goal setting (CGS). CGS is the process in which a person works with a clinician to set and modify their goals for care; it can improve treatment adherence and efficacy. However, for home-deployed robots, clinicians will have limited availability to help set and modify goals over time, which necessitates that robots support CGS on their own. In this work, we explore how robots can facilitate CGS in the context of our robot CARMEN (Cognitively Assistive Robot for Motivation and Neurorehabilitation), which delivers neurorehabilitation to people with mild cognitive impairment (PwMCI). We co-designed robot behaviors for supporting CGS with clinical neuropsychologists and PwMCI, and prototyped them on CARMEN. We present feedback on how PwMCI envision these behaviors supporting goal progress and motivation during an intervention. We report insights on how to support this process with home-deployed robots and propose a framework to support HRI researchers interested in exploring this both in the context of cognitively assistive robots and beyond. This work supports designing and implementing CGS on robots, which will ultimately extend the efficacy of robot-delivered health interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children learn in classrooms in the presence of background noise, mostly produced by the children themselves. Even when the acoustic conditions are favorable (i.e., low noise levels), differences in individual performance and listening effort in complex academic tasks are observed. Personal characteristics such as linguistic and cognitive skills and sensitivity to noise have been reported as factors supporting students' performance. Moreover, the Framework for Understanding Effortful Listening (FUEL) postulates the additional, individual dimension of children's motivation should be considered when evaluating listening effort, besides task cognitive demands. This study aims to explore the interplay of the above-mentioned individual factors for primary school children (N=120, grades 3 to 5) doing a sentence comprehension task in two-talkers background noise. Data on both accuracy and response time, as well as self-ratings of effort and motivation, were acquired. In addition, inhibitory control, linguistic competencies, and self-ratings of noise sensitivity were measured in quiet. Results first highlight the interplay of acoustic conditions and linguistic competencies in shaping the child's motivation in performing the task, and then show how the children's inhibitory control and noise sensitivity mediate behavioral and subjective effort. Thus, individual factors shall be taken into consideration when evaluating the effect of classroom acoustics on performance in academic tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Up to now, the acoustic design of almost everything has assumed a typical listener with "normal" hearing. This includes the physical environment (homes, workplaces, public space), products that make sound (transport, appliances, loudspeakers), and systems for broadcast and reproduction (TV, radio, games). But at least one in five people in the world has atypical hearing. They are either narrowly medicalised (e.g., hearing aids) or mostly ignored (e.g., noise sensitivity). As the global population ages this proportion will increase. Aural diversity is a way of reconceptualising human experience of sound that emphasises the broad and semi-continuous distribution of differences that exist in detecting, processing and responding to sound. This paper explores whether acoustic design could adapt to incorporate the concept of aural diversity and what might be gained in doing so. The literature is reviewed to see how several different kinds of aural divergence are currently characterised and to identify some other auditory differences that are under-researched. A conceptual framework is proposed in which a single "normal" hearing model could be replaced with a hearing distribution or a multi-dimensional space of aural experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder usually have problem to express themselves. Using game as a therapy, they could reduce the problem. A recent study has revealed video games might be an alternative therapy for children with ADHD. This research is to analyze the data that was collected from a prototype game that has been developed and created. The game is created using Construct2. To collect data from the game, back-end web application was created using PHP and MySQL. Several data that have been used in this research paper are score, incorrect house, and incorrect fruit. Ten children with ADHD are involved in this testing, all children are elementary students and never receive any treatment for their ADHD. Before and after the testing, they have been tested by fMRI. The testing consists of 4 weeks of training sessions of about 20-30 minutes almost every day except Sunday or public holiday. Every session contains at least three tutorial or training tasks and four game tasks in a fixed order. In conclusion, the result showed the scores were better when the children with ADHD play with visual instruction rather than with audio instruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic burnout is one of the issues that negatively affects academic performance and the psychological wellbeing of university students. Early detection is the most crucial screening strategy since it can minimize and prevent more serious problems that could be caused by this condition. Thus, the study aimed to develop the Academic Burnout Inventory-Thai Edition (ABI-T) with the intention of elevating the scale to a standardized measurement. The preliminary process began with an analysis of the items and the factor structure of the scale. A total of 293 Thai university students participated, and the adequacy of the sample size was proven by KMO and Bartlett's test of sphericity. Linear regression analysis was used to analyze the item analysis, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with the Promax rotation approach was used to evaluate the ABI-T factor structure. The result revealed that the ABI-T consisted of 31 items with a response format of a 7-point Likert scale. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that all 31 items with high standardized coefficients significantly predicted the summative score of academic burnouts; hence, all items were retained for further factor structure analysis. Meanwhile, EFA found that the ABI-T was extracted as four factors, accounting for 72.858% of total variation. The four factors were emotional instability, decreased cognitive function, lack of motivation, and exhaustion. The ABI-T could benefit university counseling units or educational psychologists by offering an alternative tool for early diagnosis of indicators of academic burnout and planning to mitigate its impact in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent studies have proposed new ways of providing learning experiences and measuring students' achievement of learning goals, grounded on the principles of growth mindset, mastery learning, and specifications grading. In one initiative called "A's for All (as time and interest allow)", students are given the support to achieve the proficiency they want (not necessarily an A) as long as they are willing to put in the time and effort, thus providing students more control over their learning. One mechanism to support proficiency at different paces is to soften some of the assignment deadlines. In this study we investigated two particular flexible deadline policies, in which the summative assessment (exam) dates were kept fixed but the formative assessments deadlines were more flexible. Students were still expected to complete homework and pre-lectures within one week from the starting date for full credit. To add flexibility, in one semester (the Lenient schedule) students could submit homework until the end of the semester for 96% credit, and in the other semester (the Strict schedule) the 96% credit deadline was moved to the exam date corresponding to the formative assessments. We found that both flexible schedules resulted in fewer students completing the formative assessments. More students completed the homeworks before the exam date in the Strict semester, motivated by the partial credit deadline. Completion of formative assessments before the exams correlated with better performance, even when controlling for student GPA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reading can be a way to increase students' social interaction and writing, especially for the need to continue to a higher level of education. Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) show deficits in reading skills. Recent research shows that there is heterogeneity in this population, which is accompanied by a lack of personalized learning facilities. That way, there is a gap between students, learning, and the support they need. This research aims to produce a curriculum design based on personalized learning with the help of interactive media in beginning reading skills. The curriculum development model used is the Nicolls model. The results of the study show that curriculum development using the Nicholls model can be used for curriculum development in Special Schools (SLB). This is because the model emphasizes contexts and situations where curriculum decisions need to be made. In addition, the results of a limited trial show that this curriculum design is effective for students with ASD. This can be seen from the increase in student learning outcomes in beginning reading skills, especially in introducing words, syllables, and letters. Future research is described in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Proceedings Music Pedagogy in the Context of Present & Future Changes is the property of Academy of Music in Pula, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Connection norms have forced individuals to keep their smartphone within arm's length to be reachable anytime-anywhere. This has led to strong connection habits that, paired with the boundless nature of the smartphone, have increased the possibilities of being exposed to distracting (auditory) cues triggering smartphone related habits. In this study we investigate whether digital (sound) distractions were more distracting compared to non-digital (sound) distractions as a result of smartphones being highly prevalent in our society and how a local distraction effect might impact overall task performance. We found that digital distractions did have a local distraction effect, but these local distractions did not amount to any significant group differences in terms of overall task performance. Although, it was found that individuals exposed to digital distractions reported increased perceived mental effort, -task difficulty, -subjective distraction and reduced perceived attention paid to the task compared to the nondigital and control groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decision-making is a vital skill of our daily cognitive arsenal. The rise of virtual reality (VR) worlds like the metaverse, have created a new need to investigate human behavior under a technologically novel and multisensory prism. In this study, we experimentally investigate types of decision-making in artificial realities mediated by different levels of immersion (PC monitor vs. VR HMD) and sense of embodiment (self-motion vs. self-anchored). Participants (N=183) conducted a daily-life decision-making task of financial allocation, based on evaluating either a 3D graph or 2D graph containing price information across different periods. Five decision-making styles are evaluated including Rational, Intuitive, Dependent, Avoidant, and Spontaneous. Our results indicate that decision-making styles do not differ between diverse virtual realities, and instead remain similar to the control condition. However, due to the flexible nature of decision-making it is possible that content and environmental factors are still likely to influence decisionmaking in VR experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research aimed to identify similarities and differences in management control decisions implemented in gyms in Portugal and Brazil in reaction to the pandemic confinement COVID-19. The theoretical approach was in the context of Information Systems (ISs). The cases of one gym in Portugal and one in Brazil were studied through a qualitative methodology using the holistic multiple case study method. Data collection was made through a content analysis and interviews with managers of both gyms. The results allow the conclusion that the global and sudden pandemic confinement COVID-19 affected management control decisions in gym services, especially the budget control which showed abnormally unfavorable deviations in income, expenses and investments. Although the studied gyms were located in different continents (Portugal and Brazil), the managers' control decisions were similar, evidencing an immediate damage containment response and short-term resilience. As for the ISs, the results showed that the instrumental usefulness of these systems implemented in both gyms was never questioned as a support to operation and decision making. But the temporary and drastic reduction in the activity of the gyms, in response to an unexpected confinement context, meant a consequent and natural reduction in their use. As for the extent of the theoretical framework, the study reinforces the weaknesses of the budgeting process in an unexpected pandemic context, on the one hand, and the interdependence between ISs and management control decisions in the gym services sector. Additionally, without questioning that interdependence relationship, it can also be interpreted that ISs have an instrumental character because they are more dependent on managers' decisions and critical junctures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CISTI (Iberian Conference on Information Systems & Technologies / Conferência Ibérica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informação) Proceedings is the property of Conferencia Iberica de Sistemas Tecnologia de Informacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents four studies which illustrate the variety of deficits in executive function displayed by individuals with autism. The concept of executive function is used to encompass all the mental operations which are involved in self-reflective and goal-directed behavior. Four forms of executive control are addressed: mental disengagement, coordination of two separate acts into a goal-directed temporal sequence, cognitive flexibility, and planning. The results of the first two studies indicate that subjects with autism are impaired in the processes required for learning behavioral strategies which involve a counter-intuitive or arbitrary association between response and target. The dysfunction may result from "stuck in set" perseveration, recurrent perseveration, or failure to sustain a plan of action in the absence of environmental cues. Results from the third study indicated a deficit in the processes required to shift attention from a salient dimension or category and engage attention upon a previously irrelevant stimulus. Results of the fourth study showed that subjects with autism are unable to find efficient solutions to planning problems which require a depth-first search to anticipate obstacles and the cognitive flexibility to change plans so as to avoid these obstacles. (Contains 21 references.) (JDD)

The construction of new schools is a complex task requiring a great deal of executive direction that is most successfully attained if the executive function resides permanently in one individual. Data were collected through observation of schools in 6 school districts (photographs and films); document analysis (newspapers and other media, and reviews of technical reports); and interviews with principals, teachers, school board members, superintendents, parents, custodians, architects, contractors, and 20 school facilities planners. A successful facility construction process requires the coordination of three functions: executive, providing procedural order and allocating resources; professional, providing specialized knowledge; and representative, balancing attention between special interests and the common good. The facility planner fulfills the executive function, overseeing and coordinating nine fundamental steps involved in school facility construction: (1) needs assessment; (2) long-range planning, including formation of planning and advisory groups; (3) fiscal planning; (4) school building planning, which includes school site planning and selection, architectural services, and educational specifications; (5) contractor bidding; (6) building construction; (7) occupying the building; (8) postoccupancy evaluations; and (9) school facility use, which includes judging the final project and implementing plans for full utilization of the school. (TEJ)

The factors causing schizophrenia are multifaceted, and studies have shown that the disease has heritability. Dopamine hypothesis is one of the pathogenesis hypotheses of schizophrenia. This paper analysed the relationship between genes, dopamine and schizophrenia, and focuses on four important genes associated with schizophrenia. Through analysis, this paper suggests possible ways in which susceptibility genes may cause disease. This paper will lay a foundation for the further study of dopamine in schizophrenia and provide a drug target for the treatment of schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a therapeutic full-body controlled video game for children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The game supports a co-located gameplay with a depth-sensing camera and a large media screen. Children play the game in pairs for improved impulse and behavior control, self-monitoring, peer-communication, and emotion regulation. The gaming was implemented as a part of a neuropsychological group intervention for children with confirmed deficits in attention or diagnosed ADHD. We present a final design of the game and associated gaming routines, explain anticipated health benefits of the gaming, outline how the gaming can be used for research and therapeutic purposes, and provide directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dementia is a serious threat to social sustainability. As life expectancy increases, more people are developing dementia. At the same time, demographic change is reducing the economically active part of the population. Care of people with dementia imposes great emotional and financial strain on sufferers, their families and society at large. In response, significant research resources are being focused on dementia. One research thread is focused on using computer technology to monitor people in at-risk groups to improve rates of early diagnosis. In this paper we provide an overview of dementia monitoring research and identify a set of scientific challenges for the engineering of dementia-monitoring software, with implications for other mental health self-management systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explain how the behavior of the millennial generation can have an impact on the financial literacy of that generation and how this literacy or knowledge then greatly affects the ability of the Indonesian millennial generation to manage and invest their funds. Data was collected using a questionnaire with a survey method. The population in this study are all millennials in Jakarta who have made investments. Using a random sampling method, questionnaires were distributed to 206 millennial respondents in several private banks in Jakarta. Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling approach with Smart PLS program was used to perform data analysis. The results show that Financial Literacy has a positive and significant effect on Investment Decision, Financial Literacy has a positive and significant effect on Financial Behavior, and Financial Behavior has a positive and significant effect on Investment Decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The online learning system has been implemented since the sudden global spread of the coronavirus in 2020, forcing students to continue school in their households. This study assessed the relationship between household noise levels and the perceived task performance difficulty of undergraduate students from select private schools in the Philippines. An online survey was conducted, and 202 respondents participated in the 3-part questionnaire consisting of demographics, Noise Exposure Scoring, and Task Performance Difficulty questionnaires. The last two sections were in the form of a 4-point Likert Scale. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics to demonstrate the result summary in each category and correlation for determining if there is a significant relationship between noise levels and the perceived task performance difficulty. The results showed a moderate positive association between total noise exposure and memorization, analysis, and organization. On the other hand, noise exposure was found to have a weak relationship to judgment and theory application. The result indicated that the students' total noise exposure significantly affected the difficulty of their task performance. Thus, evaluating the impact of noise on cognitive and performance functions would help explain the mental consequences of poor performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Congreso Internacional de Investigacion Academia Journals is the property of PDHTech, LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of the relationships between personal characteristics, thinking preferences and learning activities on academic achievements in creativity studies for innovation management. Development of theory related reflexivity on creative experiences and competence as well as training of required skills in innovation processes needs to activate both the pre-requisites and predictors of creativity (OECD, 2019). Statistical analysis of quantitative data and qualitative data collected within the framework of a course aiming to develop competence and skills for creativity in innovation processes' is presented. The results are related in the model for covarying creativity constructs based on the statistical correlation and regression analyzes. Based on this developed understanding consequences for developing creativity competences and considerations for assessment and grading of academic achievements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most promising trends in healthcare digitalisation is the personalisation and individualisation of therapy based on virtual representations of the human body through Human Digital Twins (HDTs). Despite the growing number of articles on HDTs, to-date no consensus on how to design such systems exists. A systematic literature review for designing HDTs used for behaviour-changing therapy and rehabilitation resulted in eight key design considerations across four themes: regulatory and ethical, transparency and trust, dynamism and flexibility, and behaviour and cognitive mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a coding scheme for design protocols that is derived from Triple Process Theory postulating the existence of three categories of cognitive processes: spontaneous, deliberate, and metacognitive. We applied the coding scheme to think-aloud protocols of designers engaged in an open design task. Results show that all three types occur during designing. The scheme we propose has the potential to ground accounts of Triple Process Theory for design in empirical studies. We explore the relation between design sessions outcomes and shifts between cognitive processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]