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In Australia, all teachers are expected to explicitly attend to numeracy in the subjects they teach. Pre-service teachers, therefore, need to begin to develop effective numeracy teaching strategies but there is a limited research base to inform the design of courses that address this need. This paper reports on findings from a study investigating the impact of one such course. The paper draws on data from two pre-service teachers: two course tasks completed at the beginning of the course and interviews conducted at the end of the course. Data were analysed using the 21st Century Numeracy Model. Findings suggest there were changes to the pre-service teachers' understanding of numeracy and their capacity to embed numeracy in the subjects they will teach.

Engagement in mathematics education is an important factor in a successful student experience. This paper reports findings from a study of Year 5 student perceptions of engagement during a two-week, inquiry-based learning (IBL), problem-posing investigation. The study triangulated data from semistructured interviews, video observations and student work samples to understand the student's perspectives of IBL; however, this paper reports the interview data. The findings indicate that most of the students were behaviourally, emotionally, and cognitively engaged during the IBL investigation, and that the investigation provided an opportunity for students to experience levels of competence, relatedness, and autonomy need satisfaction.

An intelligent textbook may be defined as an interaction layer between the text and the student, helping the student master the content in the text. The Mobile Fact and Concept Training System (MoFaCTS) is an adaptive instructional system for simple content that has been developed into an interaction layer to mediate textbook instruction and so is being transformed into the Mobile Fact and Concept Textbook System (MoFaCTS). In this paper, we document the several terms of the logistic regression model we use to track performance adaptively. We then examine the contribution of each component of our model when it is fit to 4 semesters of Anatomy and Physiology course practice data. Following this documentation of the model, we explain how it is applied in the MoFaCTS system to schedule performance by targeting practice for each item at an optimal efficiency threshold. [This paper was published in the CEUR workshop proceedings (Vol. 2895).]

Eighteen papers on instructional technology, computerized testing, and computer assisted test construction (CATC) presented at the 1976 Association for Educational Data Systems (AEDS) convention are included here. Two papers discuss computer assisted instruction in calculus and teacher education courses. The use of computers in theoretical mathematics, school media centers, and individualized instruction programs is presented in four papers. Goal programing in education is explained and the uses of the hand-held calculator for education are reviewed. Faculty rating policies for mathematics students are analyzed. Eight articles examine aspects of computerized testing and CATC. They include an overview of computers and testing, the use of computerized quiz grading, interactive computerized testing, descriptions of SOCRATES, ALLCOMBS, CREAM, and the Classroom Teacher Support System. (CH)

For the past six years the National Assessment of Educational Progress has sponsored a national Conference on Large-Scale Assessment, designed to promote and improve communications among educational assessment personnel in State Departments of Education and other agencies. This volume contains most of the papers that were accepted for presentation at the half-day formal paper session. The 11 papers included here are: (1) "The State Agency as a Resource in Local Needs Assessment" by Paula T. Brictson; (2) "Establishing Criterion Levels for Judging the Acceptability of Assessment Results" by Iris Weiss and Larry Conaway; (3) "N-Abels--A Manageable Technique for Monitoring the Acquisition of Essential Learning Skills" by Harriet A. Egertson and Hugh A. Harlan; (4) "A Process for Developing, Implementing and Following Through on an Assessment Program in Fifth- and Eighth-Grade Mathematics" by Max Morrison; (5) "Educational Quality Assessment Follow-Up Survey of the 1974 Assessment" by Joyce S. Kim; (6) "Hypothesis-Testing in Large-Scale Assessment" by Frank W. Rivas; (7) "A Plan for Utilization of Assessment Data by Local Education Agencies" by John A. Jones and Charles D. Oviatt; (8) "ACT Test Data and Program Assessment for Large School Districts" by Robert Cramer; (9) An Example of the Use of Multiple Matrix Sampling Procedures in a Local District Assessment Program" by Carl D. Novak; (10) "Measurement Problems and Issues Related to Applied Performance Testing" by James R. Sanders; and (11) "Symposium on: Large-Scale Assessment Reporting and Usage: Delaware and Georgia as Exemplars" by Robert Bigelow and Hervey Scudder. Primary type of information provided by report: Procedures (Theoretical) (Training).

Prospective secondary mathematics teachers in Australia are typically taught by mathematics educators and mathematicians who work in different faculties and seldom collaborate--a situation that can lead to conflicting views about how to teach mathematics. This paper reports on findings from semi-structured interviews with three mathematics teacher educators in a hybrid mathematics/mathematics education department. Valsiner's zone theory is used to analyse how their beliefs, institutional context and professional learning opportunities shape their identities as MTEs. Findings reveal that the MTEs had developed similar beliefs within supportive institutional context but drew on different sources of professional learning.

Bayesian Knowledge Tracing, a model used for cognitive mastery estimation, has been a hallmark of adaptive learning research and an integral component of deployed intelligent tutoring systems (ITS). In this paper, we provide a brief history of knowledge tracing model research and introduce pyBKT, an accessible and computationally efficient library of model extensions from the literature. The library provides data generation, fitting, prediction, and cross-validation routines, as well as a simple to use data helper interface to ingest typical tutor log dataset formats. We evaluate the runtime with various dataset sizes and compare to past implementations. Additionally, we conduct sanity checks of the model using experiments with simulated data to evaluate the accuracy of its EM parameter learning and use real-world data to validate its predictions, comparing pyBKT's supported model variants with results from the papers in which they were originally introduced. The library is open source and open license for the purpose of making knowledge tracing more accessible to communities of research and practice and to facilitate progress in the field through easier replication of past approaches. [For the full proceedings, see ED615472.]