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Environmental protection and maintaining the ecological balance are the most important state development priorities. Environmental policy issues are closely related to the level of technological equipment of economic sectors, sustainable development of territories, social policy and are aimed at ensuring environmental safety. The expansion of the geography of oil and gas production in Russian Federation in the direction of the northern and Far Eastern territories, the development of new territories (Eastern Siberia, the Arctic, the Far East) determine increased requirements for the environmental component of the extraction, processing and transportation of raw materials. At the same time, comprehensive interdisciplinary studies of anthropogenic changes in natural ecosystems under the influence of oil and gas production are practically not carried out. A unique feature of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YNAO) is the coexistence of two opposite areas of economic activity in a vulnerable and extreme Arctic environment: the development of rich reserves of mineral resources and traditional nature management of the indigenous peoples of the North. The district has become a center of gas and oil production, intensive industrial development of the territory has led to the formation of significant foci of pollution and environmental degradation in recent years. An urgent task is the geo-ecological monitoring of the state of the environment of the regions of oil and gas production in the YNAO. The purpose of this work is to detect changes in the chemical composition of the waters in the lakes on the territory of Pur-Tazovsky district of YNAO with the beginning of industrial operation of the oil and gas condensate deposit. This article provides the chemical composition of the surface waters of the Gydan Peninsula, Parisento lake area. Physicochemical parameters and chemical components were discussed: pH, Eh, conductivity, major ions, and trace elements. The regularities of change surface waters composition depending on the genesis of reservoirs and the passage of time were determined. During research in 2016-2018, it was found that with the beginning of industrial operation of the East Messoyakhsky oil and gas condensate field there was a slight increase in mineralization and pH values in the water bodies of the Tasovsky district. The changes affected the main anion-cationic composition, where there was an increase in the percentage of sodium and chlorine. Similar transformations of the chemical composition of water bodies are possible under the action of alkaline and chlorine-containing process solutions used in the development and operation of wells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the topical problem of energy security in East Asia under the context of the unfolding struggle of the major powers in this region for priority access to energy sources from Russia, the Middle East and fields in the East China and South China seas. The problems of bilateral and multilateral energy cooperation, ways of its institutionalization in the context of the prospects of the formation of a common regionwide energy space are depicted in this article. The authors note that the territorial disputes between China and Japan over the Senkaku Islands, as well as the disputes over the ownership of the Paracel Islands, which have repeatedly led the countries of East Asia to the brink of a military confrontation, have a strong natural resources background, because either there are large deposits of hydrocarbons, or there are strategically important ways of transporting oil and gas from the Middle East. The confrontation between China and Japan, the world largest economies and powerful military powers at the same time the countries with lack of oil and gas reserves and that have been experiencing a severe shortage of this strategically important for the functioning of their industry natural resources for the last two decades represents grave danger. The current military and political situation between China and Japan, characterized by the intensification of their struggle for regional leadership and often accompanied by the manifestation of force, calls for intensified efforts of the two governments to establish political cooperation and to reach compromise solutions. According to the authors, the common interests of energy security and stable development of energy cooperation in East Asia suggest the creation of responsible structural department within the existing regional integration associations that would directly deal with energy issues and would allow their depoliticization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]