Search

This paper recognises sustainability's role as a core competence of all entrepreneurs and reviews and discusses the drivers for and challenges of integrating 'Education for Sustainable Development' (ESD) within entrepreneurship curricula. The authors have contributed to this literature and have discussed at length the development of the field from both academic and practitioner perspectives. The paper includes reference to policy initiatives promoting the integration of ESD within Higher Education, and the competencies that all graduates are expected to achieve, and discusses the challenges faced by HE providers and Enterprise Educators in particular. Building on the contributions of Moon (2022) and Moon et al. (2022) the authors posit that a new dynamic model based on Passion for the subject, Pride in the university, Personal contribution, and Performance impact, is a novel approach for recognising some of the challenges faced but also the cross-cutting and transdisciplinary benefits of a renewed focus on Impact -- using the UN Sustainable Development Goals as a framework -- and building on identity as a foundation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper recognises sustainability's role as a core competence of all entrepreneurs and reviews and discusses the drivers for and challenges of integrating 'Education for Sustainable Development' (ESD) within entrepreneurship curricula. The authors have contributed to this literature and have discussed at length the development of the field from both academic and practitioner perspectives. The paper includes reference to policy initiatives promoting the integration of ESD within Higher Education, and the competencies that all graduates are expected to achieve, and discusses the challenges faced by HE providers and Enterprise Educators in particular. Building on the contributions of Moon (2022) and Moon et al. (2022) the authors posit that a new dynamic model based on Passion for the subject, Pride in the university, Personal contribution, and Performance impact, is a novel approach for recognising some of the challenges faced but also the cross-cutting and transdisciplinary benefits of a renewed focus on Impact -- using the UN Sustainable Development Goals as a framework -- and building on identity as a foundation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amid the ascension of climate change and global warming as pervasive issues of worldwide relevance, the urgency for environmental entrepreneurship and sustainable development has been notably emphasized. This focus becomes critical within rapidly maturing economies such as Indonesia, where the potential to significantly influence climate neutrality and business competitiveness is immense, contingent upon the effective cultivation of green entrepreneurial ethos. However, the integration rate of eco-friendly business tenets remains discouragingly static, largely due to acute insufficiencies in consciousness-raising, pedagogical resources, and sector-specific proficiency. The present paper embarks on a critical scrutiny of environmental business opportunities within the Indonesian milieu. A comprehensive discrepancy analysis pertaining to the development of green entrepreneurship proficiencies is detailed, predominantly from a community vantage point. This inquiry constitutes a part of the European-endorsed initiative, the ASEAN Network for Green Entrepreneurship and Leadership (ANGEL), purposed to fortify entrepreneurial competence and sustainable perspective among diverse community stakeholders. Through a methodologically structured survey, engagement with academia, requisite support for communal development, and perceived hindrances to nurturing green entrepreneurship are explored. The findings highlight a substantial interest to the promotion of green entrepreneurship within the community, with resource scarcity emerging as a formidable challenge. Moreover, our discrepancy analysis underscores a pressing need for escalated cooperation among key participants, including local enterprises, governmental agencies, and residential communities, to enable the efficacious actualization of green entrepreneurial ventures. The paper extends its probe to capture the community's perspective on green entrepreneurship, considering the viewpoints of women, minority groups, and financially marginalized segments within urban and rural contexts. Despite a robust commitment towards green entrepreneurship detected in the survey responses, the manifestation of sustainability-centred initiatives remains sparse. The paper concludes by delineating the impediments encountered in the proliferation of green entrepreneurship, underlining the vital need for sustained efforts to overcome these barriers and further propel Indonesia's journey towards sustainability. The research delineated in this paper represents a significant leap towards comprehending and fostering green entrepreneurship in Indonesia, providing crucial insights to stakeholders aiming to act as catalysts for future progression in this domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable tourism and local economic development as a mechanism for religious pilgrimages in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). This is particularly pertinent for religious pilgrimages in KZN province which boosts historical landmarks and pilgrimage destinations. Pilgrimage tourism and several other forms of tourism related to it have significant affinities to the tenets of sustainable development. The purpose of this paper is to examine the complications that could arise from religious pilgrimages' potential as a form of travel that, once implemented, would be beneficial for sustainable tourism and local economic development (LED). This paper further intends to assess the pilgrimage destinations to be viewed as a mechanism for local economic development. A quantitative research design was employed, as the nature of this research necessitates the use of numerical data and descriptive statistics to draw conclusions. A standardised questionnaire was used to collect data from 410 respondents selected using a convenience sampling technique from different pilgrimage destinations in KZN, South Africa. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted using IBM's SPSS version 28 sotiware. The pilgrims and local communities' perceptions of socio-economic contribution indicate that the availability of tourism facilities might be perceived as a socio-economic contributor to pilgrimage destinations. The findings further reveal that African religious pilgrimages can be sustainable and be a local economic development catalyst in KwaZulu-Natal. The study recommends that the South African National Christian Forum (SANCF), in collaboration with the South African government (national and provincial), develop an operational plan to provide business education, entrepreneurial skills, and relevant support to local communities surrounding religious pilgrimages or religious destinations, to empower them to contribute to the development of the local economy. This will assist to reduce South Africa's high unemployment rate, particularly in less developed regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mykonos Island is one of the most well-known tourist summer destinations. Every year, especially during the summer period, Mykonos hosts a plethora of tourists that arrive from different countries, such as Italy, France, the United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, and the United Arab Emirates. More specifically, according to Fraport Greece Traffic Data Management, in 2022, there have been 1,668,538 domestic and international arrivals at Mykonos Airport. Mykonos attracts, every year, several types of tourists due to the provided facilities, such as Greek traditional restaurants as well as fancy restaurants with international gastronomy, bars-cafeterias and glamorous clubs and beach clubs, 4 and 5 star hotels, beautiful beaches and beach bars and last but not least a wonderful climate and magnificent scenery. The aim of this paper is to examine the touristic profile of Mykonos Island over the past decade. The tourism industry has been seriously “injured” over the past years (financial crisis, Covid-19 pandemic). This paper will investigate the development of Mykonos Island over the past decade, through data which will be collected by statistical institutes (for instance SETE Institute) and Greek-authorized organizations (such as the Greek Ministry of Tourism). Also, the purpose of the current paper is to examine the case of Mykonos Island as a sustainable destination. Apart from the fact that Mykonos is globally famous for its luxurious image for summer vacations, the island of Mykonos has amazing geographical treasures and a unique environment. Thus, sustainable development needs to be implemented for Mykonos Island, in order to protect the unique environment, improve the existing infrastructure and create a better quality of life for residents and visitors. Hence, this study will focus on the opportunities and the obstacles which could arise from the development of Mykonos as a sustainable destination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes the strategies of Russian regional firms related to the transfer of technology. Technology transfer can be an essential driver of innovative development and contribute to sustainable economic growth. Technology transfer is usually understood as the application of technologies, methods, and knowledge developed by other organizations. Often, the active participation of enterprises in technology transfer reflects the features of their innovative behavior and the chosen strategy of innovative development. The paper analyzes the activity of Russian regional firms in technology transfer and the relationship of technology transfer and adaptation with the results of innovation activity. The results of innovation activity are understood as its scale and the quality of innovative products assessed based on market and technological product novelty. The paper considers the GRP per capita indicator as an indicator of regional well-being. The number of technologies transferred and adopted by firms and transfers from abroad of the Russian Federation is analyzed. Besides, the propensity of enterprises to interact with foreign partners in research activities is taken into account. The clustering of regions is used to identify the most widespread strategies. Clustering is conducted for three periods: 2016, 2017, and 2018. As a result, it was possible to identify five sustainable strategies of firms concerning technology transfer. Even though the strategies themselves turned out to be relatively stable, some regions are subject to strategy change, which is associated, among other things, with the cyclic nature of innovation activity. It should also be noted that the overall well-being of the region significantly influences the choice of strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents insights from emerging work to support the development of a Culture of Innovation in Wales. The region has been subject of much public policy debate, not least for Innovation Policy during the 20 years since a previous Welsh Government Innovation Strategy. This work focuses on how innovation culture intersects with government policy to develop and implement the Innovation Strategy across all sectors of WG responsibility. The co-production approach adopted by WG presents an open approach to public policy, informed through written submissions, public events, and other stakeholder-specific fora. Drawing upon themes from academic literature and those identified and explored through the consultation, the paper explores the level of alignment between stakeholders and the potential actions to enhance conditions for innovation within Wales. The Wellbeing of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015 provides a unique context for this work, which resonates with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. It forms part of a broader and longer-term study intended to support the refinement and delivery of the Innovation Strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The non-traditional influences of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) are increasingly gaining attention in international business studies; however, the empirical evidence of these influences is still scant. Using human capital theory within the context of the national competitive framework, the study reported in this paper considers the progress towards achieving Quality education as a likely influence of FDI inflows in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The paper employs a panel data research design and conducts fixed effects estimations. The analysis categorizes FDI flows into global FDI, FDI from developed countries, and FDI from developing countries to SSA. Thus, the paper is centred around three research questions: (1) How does progress toward quality education influence global FDI inflows? (2) How does progress towards quality education influence FDI inflows from developed and (3) from developing countries? The analysis mainly utilizes a bespoke dataset from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and data from trustworthy databases such as UNCTADSTAT and the World Development Indicators (WDI). The results support the claim of the increasing importance of non-traditional influences of FDI flow. Quality Education significantly influenced FDI inflows from the globe and developing countries to SSA. This research provides further evidence that the national competitive framework can thoroughly explain the factors that have different significant powers in influencing FDI flows to SSA from developed and developing countries. The study is highly policy-relevant because it examines the effects of the degree of attainment of specific UN Sustainable Development Goals (quality education) on inward FDI performance. It, therefore, shows the benefits of SSA countries investing in the SDGs for the policy goal of attracting more considerable amounts of inward FDI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The urgent need to shape the future of societies necessitates complex collaborative partnerships that co-create sustainable solutions. This whilst maintaining a balance between ecological, economic, and sociocultural concerns. The aforementioned creates complexity, calling for a transdisciplinary focus to circumvent the narrow lenses of disciplinary boundaries to develop new systems for educating young professionals. Within this context, we explore how a transdisciplinary learning intervention can result in sustainable-smart innovations that address real-world community challenges. To engage this question, we draw on findings from a longitudinal Design-Based Research (DBR) study that commenced in February 2020. Two iterations of this study have been completed and the third iteration commenced in 2023. Data is drawn from student project artefacts and reflections. This study utilises the potential of transdisciplinary student projects, between urban planning and information system students, and other stakeholders, to develop sustainable-smart innovations. It focuses on community challenges related to SDG 11 as experienced by marginalised township communities in Cape Town, South Africa. The study is founded on key concepts: Education for Sustainable Development, Transdisciplinary, Digital Social Innovations, Society 5.0, and Inclusive collaborative partnerships. These concepts allow the interrogation of the complexities that reside in wicked problems related to the localisation of SDGs. The introduction of the quintuple helix model during the project's third iteration to analyse the wider contribution from different stakeholders and the shift to Mode 3 knowledge application in innovation is of special value. This model lends itself to transdisciplinary methodologies specifically to merge many voices toward sustainable-smart innovations. The co-creation of sustainable-smart innovations involves unifying various stakeholders from academia, industry, government and the community, to jointly develop and implement sustainable and technology-enabled solutions. The contribution of this paper lies in the expansion of discourse on innovations for sustainability through our engagement with the quintuple helix model in a transdisciplinary learning intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social entrepreneurship creates social value and has a multidimensional impact (e.g. economic, environmental, cultural). This is related to the complexity and multidimensional approaches to current societal problems such as climatic changes and socioeconomic crises. The paper explores this multidimensionality by presenting three Portuguese case studies of social entrepreneurship operating in diverse domains. The study is based on primary and secondary data on the selected social enterprises. The analysis explores the motivations and constraints in forming a social enterprise and the impact of entrepreneurial activity. There is evidence of multiple roles played by these entrepreneurial agents, and, therefore, their critical role in the response to the problems that current societies face. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to explore the attitudes and level of knowledge towards sustainable tourism development among the locals and the students. The research was conducted in Primorsko-Goranska County in Croatia. The results between the two groups were compared in order to get a clearer picture on possible similarities or differences in attitudes and knowledge levels because both of them are very important stakeholders for sustainable tourism development and need to be involved in this process. The methodology used in the paper consists of two levels of analysis. The theoretical part is based on secondary sources in the field of sustainable tourism development while the research one is presented through results from quantitative research through a questionnaire among local inhabitants and students of tourism in the Primorsko-Goranska County. A survey was distributed online, with questions related to sustainable development in tourism, its relevant elements and the knowledge connected to it. The data was then collected and analysed using independent)samples t-test, correlation analysis and other methods relevant for this research. The stakeholders assessed elements and perception of knowledge related to sustainable development in tourism. The paper emphasizes potential differences in the level of knowledge and attitude between the students and the local population. The attitudes of the stakeholders towards the topic are mostly positive, but they also underline the need for further education in the field of sustainable development, both in theoretical terms and in terms of acquiring skills and habits needed to thrive in the era of sustainability. The contribution of the paper is in identifying the necessary knowledge for the implementation of sustainable development of tourism among the local population and students of tourism. In addition, the self-evaluation of the current level of knowledge was examined. This should be the basis for the further development of educational programs and other programs for the whole local population in the field of sustainable tourism development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainability reporting (SR) has become a standard practice for many organisations worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to explore and develop our understanding of the global airline industry's SR practices. Content analysis was employed to map which reporting frameworks the global commercial airline industry has recently used to report their nonfinancial impacts. Additionally, comparisons were made in the application of SR between geographical regions. The results indicate that two-thirds of the global airline companies had not published sustainability reports online (reporting period 2019). The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) was the most widely used reporting instrument from the five major non-financial reporting organisations' frameworks. Also, over two-thirds of the reports had used the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a reference framework or referenced SDGs in other ways. This paper provides one of the broadest overviews of global airline SR practices. It is expected that the results will be of interest to practitioners and scholars in aviation SR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The notion of the circular economy has garnered noteworthy interest as a viable substitute for the conventional linear economic framework. This paper investigates the emergence of circular economy business models in Cambodia, focusing on the drivers that are shaping this transition, the barriers that businesses encounter, and the potential impacts of circular economy initiatives on the Cambodian economy and society. By examining the Cambodian context, this study seeks to shed light on the opportunities and barriers associated with the adoption of circular economy practices in a least developed country setting. Even though Cambodia has made strides toward development, Gaudemar (2016) noted that it is improbable for the country to "graduate" from its Least Developed Country (LDC) classification until 2025 or later. Furthermore, the findings of this research can contribute to the gap in the literature related to policy interventions and strategic decision-making aimed at promoting sustainable economic development and environmental stewardship in Cambodia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the concept of Green Knowledge Management (GKM) and its relationship with sustainable development and green innovation. A comprehensive review of relevant literature was conducted to gain a better understanding of the components of GKM. Based on this review, a conceptual framework was proposed to outline the intricate interrelationships between GKM, green innovation, sustainable development, organizational green culture, consumer resistance, pro-environmental behaviour, and environmental knowledge. The proposed framework stresses the significance of managing green knowledge effectively to attain sustainable development goals through green innovation. It also highlights the importance of promoting an environmentally friendly culture within the organization to strengthen the link between green knowledge management, green innovation, and sustainable development. Furthermore, the framework acknowledges the potential resistance of consumers towards adopting green innovation products. To overcome this challenge, companies must provide adequate environmental knowledge and encourage pro-environmental behaviour among consumers. This will enable companies to manage their green knowledge effectively and promote sustainable development through green innovation. In conclusion, GKM is a crucial factor in developing green innovation and achieving sustainable development. Organizational green culture plays a significant role in strengthening the bond between GKM and sustainable development. The proposed conceptual framework provides a clear understanding of the complex relationships between green knowledge management, green culture, sustainable development, consumer resistance, proenvironmental behaviour, and environmental knowledge. It underscores the importance of managing green knowledge and fostering an environmentally friendly culture within organizations to achieve sustainable development goals through green innovation. This paper's findings have significant implications for companies that seek to promote sustainable development through green innovation. By effectively managing their green knowledge, companies can develop innovative solutions that address environmental challenges while achieving sustainable growth. Furthermore, by promoting an environmentally friendly culture, companies can ensure that their employees and customers embrace sustainability as a core value, leading to a more sustainable future for all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes that collaborative relationships in the context of research and innovation projects can be a first step towards the development of new products or adaptation to new markets that may drive diversification processes in established/mature sectors; and that technology-based firms can play a key role in these processes, as intermediaries and co-innovators. It addresses the case of projects in the field of “blue economy”, which aims at combining socio-economic development and sustainability in the conduction of human activities related with the ocean. Transformative activities in this field are especially important, given the weight of ocean-related traditional sectors in the economic activity of several European countries. The paper maps the interactions between new and established Portuguese industries, to investigate whether and to extent inter-sectoral relationships are leading to the development of innovative and sustainable solutions, as well as which sectors have a more determinant role. Then it looks for evidence of revitalization and transformation processes being induced by collaboration with firms from new industries. Implications for transformative innovation policies are derived. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the role of university engagement in promoting the sustainable development of the regional economy. It fulfils the need to develop a greater understanding of the creation of place-based innovation and knowledge exchange networks. This research is an empirical case study of a leading UK university located in North West England. The paper follows experiences of seven interview participants including a senior university manager, a university engagement staff, a senior academic, a mid-career academic, a manager of a regional family business, a manager of community enterprise and a local farming business owner. Qualitative techniques are used to consider university engagement activities, knowledge exchange networking, and development of knowledge-based entrepreneurship through the developed networks. A framework for data collection and analysis was developed from the literature review. Empirical findings presented in this paper include knowledge network building through university engagement, systematic institutional mechanism for engagement and practical engagement management. These findings deliver a better understanding of the institutional dynamics of university engagement and its impacts on sustainable regional development. This paper also delivers discussion on how university engagement can contribute to the development of regional enterprises towards knowledge-based entrepreneurship and place-based innovation required by regional enterprises. The discussions bring new insights into the scope for and barriers to engaged universities. These could be employed to help university leaders design effective place-based innovation policies. The paper also provides robust empirical evidence on the roles and expectations of participants in the knowledge exchange networks. Implications of the findings will help academics and researchers perform their knowledge services more practically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The environmental targeting policy by the government engendered a debate over sustainable management. In this paper, a theoretical model of sustainable management is proposed to determine the effectiveness of the targeting policy. We set a game with two players as a benchmark model, where player one is a group of companies that have two types of corporate strategies. The first strategy is to pursue the growth strategy via high-energy consumption. Another strategy is to use an eco-strategy that considers the environment. Player two is a group of consumers who may live life either with the concept of "life energy waste" or "eco-life." First, the Nash equilibrium is derived. Then, we introduce the government as the third player. The research question for this paper is as follows: can governmental policy targeting sustainable environmental management, such as CO2 reduction, be feasible in a society? The model in this paper shows that the governmental targeting policy has a positive effect on the feasibility of sustainable management. This is because a correlated strategy assures that the equilibrium exists between the two cases in the Nash Equilibrium. This also assures that the correlated strategy equilibrium is always higher than the two-person game Mixed Strategy Equilibrium. The announcement of the government may act as huge social investment as long as it is considered credible. This paper shows two case studies on leading companies in Japan and proposes economic concepts to explain the conditions in which an eco-friendly target policy is viable. In the resulting Nash equilibrium, under the condition of correlated equilibrium, one can see harmonization of the targeting policy and lifestyle. This result of correlated equilibrium is fundamentally different from the extant solution given by Pigou Tax or Coase Theorem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the new digital era is accompanied by accelerating change, people as well as institutions need to adapt and transform. Crucial for their success is how well leaders can cultivate the absorption and sharing of knowledge as a resource and its integration into the organisational endeavours. Innovative system designs may prove vital to providing crucial support. Based on a prior academic design science research project and published outputs, a recently established start-up aims to create a digital community platform for knowledge co-creation to serve members with diverse ambitions and potentials in their personal and collaborative contexts. The digital platform ecosystem follows a novel knowledge management approach by favouring personalization, mobility, generativity, and entropy reduction. How to sustainably address the inherent system complexities and scaling needs in an entrepreneurial environment known for short iterative cycles of minimum viable developments have proven to be an expected challenge, closely followed by the limited power of academic detail and lingo to create enthusiasm in start-up spaces where attention slots are measured in pitch decks and elevator rides. This paper looks at this particular case and at the lessons learnt in the transition phase from academia to a business incubation space and, hence, aims to contribute to the discourse between scholars, practitioners, and clients on how digital entrepreneurship and innovation spaces may be best served for mutual benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stated objective of the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are to serve as a shared blueprint for peace and prosperity around the planet. If this blueprint is to become a reality, the inclusion of the SDGs in university curricula is essential. Yet how can we be sure that we teach a unified and shared view of these goals? This paper examines the value of using virtual exchange in teaching the UN SDGs in Business School Design Thinking courses. Specifically, the experience of a partnered course run at both the Boise State University's College of Business and Economics and the Lebanese American University's Adnan Kassar School of Business serves as a case-study. Results from a survey of both student groups indicate that the experience of working with students from outside their home culture did improve their cross-cultural communication skills. Furthermore, learning about the SDGs was a valued experience. However, learning about the SDGs in collaboration with "foreign" team members was eclipsed by the broader experience of engaging with students outside their home culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the critical nexus between Green Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development, illuminating their combined potential as a powerful tool for mitigating environmental crises such as global warming and climate change. With a particular focus on burgeoning economies, especially Indonesia, it underscores the immense possibilities embedded within a proactive integration of sustainable practices into entrepreneurship. This not only paves the way towards climate neutrality but also cultivates competitive advantages in business enterprises. Despite the tremendous potential, the widespread adoption of Green Entrepreneurship has been persistently stifled by a profound lack of awareness, an alarming paucity of educational resources, and a dearth of specialised knowledge within the field. These factors collectively contribute to the unimpressive rate of implementation and relatively low acceptance of Green Entrepreneurship. To address this conundrum, this scholarly article undertakes a comprehensive gap analysis aimed at evaluating the future prospects of Green Entrepreneurship within Indonesia. It does so through a detailed examination of the development of Green Entrepreneurship skills from the perspective of educators. The study forms part of a broader initiative - the ASEAN Network for Green Entrepreneurship and Leadership (ANGEL) - a European-funded project devoted to equipping university graduates and disadvantaged societal groups with vital entrepreneurial skills geared towards sustainability. The analytical framework of the research draws upon a conducted survey among university faculty members, supplemented with a focus group discussion with participants involving a diverse mix of faculty, students, and administrative staff. The findings underscore a strikingly limited focus on Green Entrepreneurship within the curriculum. However, they also reveal a robust commitment and a strong willingness to infuse existing syllabi with Green Entrepreneurial facets. To accomplish this, the research identifies the need to surmount significant challenges, primarily those related to resource availability. Furthermore, the gap analysis points towards the need for amplifying collaboration among a broad spectrum of stakeholders. These include local businesses, government agencies, and the broader community. Such partnerships can significantly assist universities in crafting effective business school curricula that instil a sustainability mindset. Moving forward, the research proposes to extend its scope to embrace the viewpoints of community members. This would encompass a particular focus on traditionally marginalized groups, including women, minorities, and economically disadvantaged segments in both urban and rural communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stated objective of the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are to serve as a shared blueprint for peace and prosperity around the planet. If this blueprint is to become a reality, the inclusion of the SDGs in university curricula is essential. Yet how can we be sure that we teach a unified and shared view of these goals? This paper examines the value of using virtual exchange in teaching the UN SDGs in Business School Design Thinking courses. Specifically, the experience of a partnered course run at both the Boise State University's College of Business and Economics and the Lebanese American University's Adnan Kassar School of Business serves as a case-study. Results from a survey of both student groups indicate that the experience of working with students from outside their home culture did improve their cross-cultural communication skills. Furthermore, learning about the SDGs was a valued experience. However, learning about the SDGs in collaboration with "foreign" team members was eclipsed by the broader experience of engaging with students outside their home culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the critical nexus between Green Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development, illuminating their combined potential as a powerful tool for mitigating environmental crises such as global warming and climate change. With a particular focus on burgeoning economies, especially Indonesia, it underscores the immense possibilities embedded within a proactive integration of sustainable practices into entrepreneurship. This not only paves the way towards climate neutrality but also cultivates competitive advantages in business enterprises. Despite the tremendous potential, the widespread adoption of Green Entrepreneurship has been persistently stifled by a profound lack of awareness, an alarming paucity of educational resources, and a dearth of specialised knowledge within the field. These factors collectively contribute to the unimpressive rate of implementation and relatively low acceptance of Green Entrepreneurship. To address this conundrum, this scholarly article undertakes a comprehensive gap analysis aimed at evaluating the future prospects of Green Entrepreneurship within Indonesia. It does so through a detailed examination of the development of Green Entrepreneurship skills from the perspective of educators. The study forms part of a broader initiative - the ASEAN Network for Green Entrepreneurship and Leadership (ANGEL) - a European-funded project devoted to equipping university graduates and disadvantaged societal groups with vital entrepreneurial skills geared towards sustainability. The analytical framework of the research draws upon a conducted survey among university faculty members, supplemented with a focus group discussion with participants involving a diverse mix of faculty, students, and administrative staff. The findings underscore a strikingly limited focus on Green Entrepreneurship within the curriculum. However, they also reveal a robust commitment and a strong willingness to infuse existing syllabi with Green Entrepreneurial facets. To accomplish this, the research identifies the need to surmount significant challenges, primarily those related to resource availability. Furthermore, the gap analysis points towards the need for amplifying collaboration among a broad spectrum of stakeholders. These include local businesses, government agencies, and the broader community. Such partnerships can significantly assist universities in crafting effective business school curricula that instil a sustainability mindset. Moving forward, the research proposes to extend its scope to embrace the viewpoints of community members. This would encompass a particular focus on traditionally marginalized groups, including women, minorities, and economically disadvantaged segments in both urban and rural communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current era where innovation and sustainability are at the forefront, businesses need to become increasingly active in implementing environmentally sustainable projects. The aim of this paper is to set initiative-taking activities for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) which would increase their level of engagement in innovative and environmentally responsible projects. Achieving environmental goals has never been easy given the fact that SMEs are the biggest polluters of the environment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the leaders of these businesses to start implementing eco-innovation solutions to respond to these challenges. Our research consists of examining the current situation of the European Union's member states and responding to the objectives which have been set for them, by proposing strategic solutions for SMEs. Research also compares data between Human Development Index and Innovation Index to identify areas where there is room for improvement. These objectives concern the green development of countries, and the achievement of carbon neutrality by 2055. The results of the work points to increased attention for countries with low levels of development capability and refers to the adoption of measures taken by SMEs to help achieve the goals set. Final recommendations will describe how SMEs could implement initiatives in their businesses and where to look for sustainable and green change in their environment. Marked changes need to be made immediately in order for SMEs to adapt to these changes in order to fulfil objectives set by the European Union in a widely discussed program, Fit For 55. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bioeconomy has a great potential to contribute to the transformation process of industry landscape and ultimately drive the economy towards sustainability. However, bioeconomy per se is not necessarily sustainable and technology should be an enabler rather than a panacea to all our ecological, social, and economic issues. Therefore, to draw and maximize benefits from bioeconomy in terms of sustainability, we propose that innovative activities should encompass not only novel technologies and bio-based new materials but also multifocal innovations where innovation management plays a substantial role. The knowledge generation and innovation are although at the core of transition towards a more sustainable bio-based economy, to date, there is a significant lack of concepts and models that approach bioeconomy from the innovation management approach. The aim of this paper is to conduct a qualitative literature study on the sustainability challenges that bioeconomy entails thus far using literature databases. Based on our analysis we found that a successful transition to sustainable bioeconomy is conditioned on heterogenous and contested factors in terms of stakeholders, activities, and modes of innovation. In addition, multifocal innovations occur when actors from interdisciplinary fields engage in intensive and continuous interaction where the focus of innovation is allocated to a field of mutually evolving sociotechnical practices that correspond to the aims of the novel paradigm of transformative innovation policy. Firms, therefore, require skilled professionals that have certain capabilities and skills such as: foresight for future markets, ability to deal with complex issues, ability to guide responsible R&D, ability of strategic decision making, manage in-depth innovation systems analysis including value chain analysis. Policy makers, on the other hand, need to acknowledge the essential role of firms in the transformative innovation policy paradigm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers four main leadership approaches in relation to declining environmental natural resources and effective sustainable development. The four approaches, namely: resource-exploitive, resource-conservationist, resourcepreservationist and extreme preservationist are considered from anthropocentric and ecocentric points of view in terms of leadership ethics and economic cogency. Ethical aspects of declining environmental resources are analyzed in relation to conceptions of 'hard' sustainability embracing intergenerational equity and the constant natural assets rule in addition the more conventional business criteria of environmental, social and economic triple bottom line. Ethical issues are considered in conjunction with their likely economic effects on corporate and environmental sustainability, by analyzing different types of ecocentric and anthropocentric approaches to natural resource utilization. The paper suggests that immoral (preconventional) leadership is associated with natural resource exploitation, amoral/ pragmatically moral (conventional) leadership associated with 'balanced' natural resource conservation, while principled, moral (post conventional) leadership is associated with natural resource preservation, often at the cost of human capital development. Leadership associated with natural resource exploitation and preservation is fundamentally inimical to balanced natural resource utilization and 'strong' (intergenerational) corporate sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers four main leadership approaches in relation to declining environmental natural resources and effective sustainable development. The four approaches, namely: resource-exploitive, resource-conservationist, resourcepreservationist and extreme preservationist are considered from anthropocentric and ecocentric points of view in terms of leadership ethics and economic cogency. Ethical aspects of declining environmental resources are analyzed in relation to conceptions of 'hard' sustainability embracing intergenerational equity and the constant natural assets rule in addition the more conventional business criteria of environmental, social and economic triple bottom line. Ethical issues are considered in conjunction with their likely economic effects on corporate and environmental sustainability, by analyzing different types of ecocentric and anthropocentric approaches to natural resource utilization. The paper suggests that immoral (preconventional) leadership is associated with natural resource exploitation, amoral/ pragmatically moral (conventional) leadership associated with 'balanced' natural resource conservation, while principled, moral (post conventional) leadership is associated with natural resource preservation, often at the cost of human capital development. Leadership associated with natural resource exploitation and preservation is fundamentally inimical to balanced natural resource utilization and 'strong' (intergenerational) corporate sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper distinguishes social entrepreneurs from entrepreneurs by reviewing the existing research and stating the specifics of social entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship is mostly defined by economic rationality and utility maximization, whereas social entrepreneurship is characterised by solving environmental and social challenges. Social entrepreneurship can therefore offer valuable solutions for environmental and social challenges. The aim of this paper is to provide a theoretical overview of the concept of social innovation and its operationalization in the social enterprise. The main goal of this theoretical overview is to understand the incorporation of seemingly conflicted logics (i.e. divergent logics of commercial and social welfare) within social enterprise and furthermore provide a theoretical model of developing social entrepreneurs. Social innovation is defined as innovation that improves either the quality or quantity of our lives. One of the most widely spread and known social innovations of our time is the Internet. According to the literature review, an other-oriented dimension is at the core of social entrepreneurship. The founders' goals, convictions and values distinguish entrepreneurs from social entrepreneurs, where entrepreneurs may act out of economic self-interest, social entrepreneurs are driven by the desire to be of service to others. The research question of this conceptual paper is how can social entrepreneurs be developed within a systematic developmental framework? Entrepreneurship education can be found in different contexts and time durations, such as high school, college or professional program settings. Most researchers have studied the educational impact on an individuals' intention to act entrepreneurially and to perform. With this in mind, a theoretical elaboration of entrepreneurship education and its examples around the world are provided. Thereafter, possible topics and a development design that might be useful in the social entrepreneurship education program are proposed. The theoretical implications of the paper are propositions for a social entrepreneurship education program and development initiatives. Knowledge, skills, teaching and development design most suitable for developing empathy, compassion and care for others is conceptualized at the core of the social enterprise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to examine the applicability of the strategic social marketing concept as a framework for overcoming problems with landscape conservation in tourism destinations. The literature review revealed on one hand that applications of social marketing to this end are scarce and on the other hand, that inclusion of the stakeholders' concept offers the best insight into the problem. In the paper, the proposed approach has been examined on selected cases from Poland. They embraced issues of control over accommodation capacity and aesthetics in small destinations, restoration of the historical appearance of the popular commercial street in the famous mountain resort, and removal and control over outdoor advertising. The analysis of documents, publications and netnography was used for the identification of the stakeholders in the selected cases. Their qualities were established from a descriptive perspective, i.e. showing the actual opinions of the involved parties. It turned out that they differ strongly as power and salience are considered with self-governments and governors at the top, urban movements located near the top while the position of officers responsible for conservation and professional organizations of architects was rather weak. The qualitative content analysis also enabled assumptions concerning the values that may be the subject of exchange in social marketing campaigns. The majority of the arguments used by the stakeholders is economically motivated but an ideological component can be also discerned. The study is exploratory and implementation of strategic social marketing for particular cases of landscape conservation will need case specific research and ideas generation. Its contribution is in showing that strategic social marketing together with the stakeholders concept offer a useful framework for the analysis and amendment of wicked cases of landscape conservation. It also supports claims that the ethnographic research tradition may be very useful in the development of social marketing strategies and campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of international targets that were developed in 2015 by the United Nations. These goals aim to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure prosperity among human kind for all by the year 2030. They are divided into 17 goals and 169 targets that cover all aspects of life - including education, health care, housing, food, energy and climate, peace and justice, governance and sustainable economic growth. Plus, to ensure peace and prosperity. Empowerment is very important element for a community to become developed and to sustain the development. To be able to have self-empowerment, one must first have a sense of self-help and self-determination. Selfhelp and self-determination are related to the idea that helping one's self will create collaboration and improve one's quality of life (Christenson, 1989). Power in community development refers to the ability to influence change rather than the power to exploit or dominate others, it is an action of choice. This paper introduces Rural Community Learning Network (RCLN) Traits Model which offers a helpful insight for rural communities to value and support rural public library as community sustainable development center. This model was develop using qualitative approach through interviews with the rural public libraries' staffs, users and non-users, observations, and examinations of documents. Thematic analysis has been used to identify the empowerment sustainability characters for the traits model. This study concluded that rural public libraries in Malaysia had not fully implemented the empowerment elements which is identified as an important element in rural libraries and community development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globalisation and advancement of technologies have resulted in both developed and developing countries embracing the concept of Knowledge-based Economy (KBE) as part of their national strategy for sustainable economic development. In the literature, several studies have been conducted to examine the pillars, drivers and processes that facilitate the development of a Knowledge-based Economy at a country level. Using a systematic literature review (SLR), this paper aims to identify the core pillars, drivers and processes of KBE at a national level and understand the highlighted gaps in the literature that calls for future research. Mainly, the SLR was focused on seven countries that are acknowledged to be leaders in the field. The findings from the SLR highlight four key issues: (1) the lack of common agreement on the key pillars of KBE; (2) the absence of a generic approach to develop and evaluate KBE; (3) the scarcity of a methodology to identify an adoptable approach to support the growth of KBE at a country level; and (4) the need to better understand the impact of endogenous factors in developing a KBE at a country level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neither in the academic sphere nor in professional practice there is a general agreement on the understanding and definition of the terms sustainable development and corporate social responsibility, despite the awareness of the wide range of socially responsible activities both at the microeconomic and macroeconomic level. The reason for this may lie in the fact that socially responsible activities are based on volunteerism. Research exploring the impact of socially responsible activities to the corporate financial performance has been published still more intensively. The ways, how to link up the corporate social responsibility concept effectively to the used performance methods in enterprise practice, are researched as well. The results of the realized quantitative research show that the Balanced Scorecard concept (or similarly the Excellence Model) is so robust that its use in the Czech enterprise practice is not so common. In a similar way the long-term integration of sustainability aspects into the approaches to the enterprise performance management is not so common. How the data received from the research sample show, Czech manufacturing companies rarely implement the whole complex approach. They often implement only the main ideas of the concepts (Excellence Model, Balanced Scorecard, Total Quality Management, etc) along with a few metrics (key performance indicators, so called KPIs) - to include social and environmental aspects within responsible behaviour (sustainability entrepreneurship). Therefore there are analyzed and evaluated the options how to implement sustainability aspects into the Balanced Scorecard concept. The Balanced Scorecard concept belongs to the most used performance management methods in the current practice of manufacturing companies in the Czech Republic. This paper is based on the desk research scientific method using secondary data in the field of corporate social responsibility and corporate sustainable performance. Empirical research in this paper is conducted in the form of a questionnaire survey. It maps the use of the Balanced Scorecard concept and other concepts for the performance management of medium-sized manufacturing companies with the place of business in two regions of the Czech Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neither in the academic sphere nor in professional practice there is a general agreement on the understanding and definition of the terms sustainable development and corporate social responsibility, despite the awareness of the wide range of socially responsible activities both at the microeconomic and macroeconomic level. The reason for this may lie in the fact that socially responsible activities are based on volunteerism. Research exploring the impact of socially responsible activities to the corporate financial performance has been published still more intensively. The ways, how to link up the corporate social responsibility concept effectively to the used performance methods in enterprise practice, are researched as well. The results of the realized quantitative research show that the Balanced Scorecard concept (or similarly the Excellence Model) is so robust that its use in the Czech enterprise practice is not so common. In a similar way the long-term integration of sustainability aspects into the approaches to the enterprise performance management is not so common. How the data received from the research sample show, Czech manufacturing companies rarely implement the whole complex approach. They often implement only the main ideas of the concepts (Excellence Model, Balanced Scorecard, Total Quality Management, etc) along with a few metrics (key performance indicators, so called KPIs) - to include social and environmental aspects within responsible behaviour (sustainability entrepreneurship). Therefore there are analyzed and evaluated the options how to implement sustainability aspects into the Balanced Scorecard concept. The Balanced Scorecard concept belongs to the most used performance management methods in the current practice of manufacturing companies in the Czech Republic. This paper is based on the desk research scientific method using secondary data in the field of corporate social responsibility and corporate sustainable performance. Empirical research in this paper is conducted in the form of a questionnaire survey. It maps the use of the Balanced Scorecard concept and other concepts for the performance management of medium-sized manufacturing companies with the place of business in two regions of the Czech Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to develop a holistic conceptual framework to support the development of effective management tools to preserve and explore the potential of a Portuguese low-density region – the Côa River Valley. The Côa River Valley was classified by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 1998, recognizing the importance of heritage and natural values, namely the presence of a remarkable open-air ensemble of Palaeolithic art. The significance of this heritage – cultural and natural - justifies an effort of convergence of interests and actions, in order to guarantee a sustained enhancement and integrated management of the diverse patrimonies and the sustainable development of local communities. The region´s development strategy based on the development of tourism activities and products must consider this heritage in the pursuit of accessibility and sustainability. Considering that natural and cultural resources are the main attractions of this territory and the basis of its competitive advantage and endogenous growth, it is essential to take into account how these resources are incorporated into qualified tourism products. Moreover, providing accessibility (in a broad sense, including accessibility of information, social, intellectual and emotional components) to heritage sites is considered a way to promote the regions’ sustainable management. Consequently, there is a need to research how to promote the conditions of universal accessibility, as well as the improvement and creation of new products and services, their diffusion, the increase of cultural offer and the internationalization of the history and identity of this territory, promoting accessible and sustainable tourism. The influence of climate change on cultural and natural heritage, and more specifically on water resources, must also be considered in this framework. Therefore, in order to support the development of effective management tools to preserve and explore the potential the region, the paper presents a literature review, based on an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary perspective and encompassing the main topics related to the challenges and opportunities of this territory: accessibility and accessible tourism; tourist profile in low density regions; sustainable trends in low density regions; climate change and its impacts on natural and cultural heritage; routes and networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corporate social responsibility is a voluntary approach based on ethical principles and structured management controls. These principals and controls are based on a variety of activities that an enterprise can choose from according to its orientation and on the requirements of the surroundings. The primary motivation for this approach is to remain sustainable, build a strong company culture and maintain the good name of the enterprise to attain a competitive advantage. These principals are usually fruitful, lead to better stability, attract new employees and open up new business opportunities. This is also proven in the research presented in this paper where CSR managers declare the most common reasons why CSR methodology implemented by a company are to build and maintain corporate values and gain a competitive advantage on the market. The first research phase was conducted using a questionnaire survey from June to September 2019 to map the current level of CSR implementation in large companies in the Czech Republic. A research panel of forty CSR managers completed fifteen open, matrix and scale questions. The purpose of the survey was to verify the research process methodology and identify trends in the area. The conclusions from the first research phase show interesting trends in the field of corporate social responsibility of enterprises in the Czech Republic and the mapping of the current level of CSR implementation in companies in the region. Interesting findings were made based on the research presented in the paper and these will serve as a base for further studies. One of the findings shows that very few companies have a clear methodology or a strategy for deciding the direction of CSR. Companies often act randomly or based on individual preferences so that CSR management in enterprises is not centralised with a clear focus but instead divided across different departments (HR, CEO's office, marketing or sales department). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, there has been an increased emphasis on sustainable development worldwide, which has prompted governments to adopt environmental policies aimed at mitigating the adverse environmental impacts of economic activities. Among these strategies, the implementation of environmental policies has emerged as a key tool for promoting sustainable development. However, although these policies are created with good intentions, their impact on firms' innovation activities remains a matter of debate and research. The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of environmental policies on the innovation activities of Czech firms, with a particular focus on how these policies shape firms' strategies towards sustainable development. Given the growing emphasis on sustainability and environmental issues, it is necessary to examine how environmental policies can influence firms' overall innovation activities. 412 firms of different sizes were surveyed. And EU emissions trading and energy consumption emerged as the most influential variables with a positive impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental degradation is one of the main challenges in today's world. Impact on the environment can be reduced through the introduction of clean and more efficient technologies. And innovation plays a crucial role in this process by replacing old equipment and methods. There are different ways how researchers understand sustainable innovations and sustainable innovation ecosystems. The terms "sustainable" and "sustainable development" have become very widely used in recent years. Sustainability is crucially important for the development of regions and national economies. Existing literature on the topic of sustainable innovation ecosystems includes vague and ambiguous definitions of sustainable innovation, as well as ways to measure it. A number of studies analyse the impact of different factors on conventional innovations and eco-innovations. However, not enough research has been done on the effects of innovations on all three dimensions of sustainable innovations, which are economic, environmental, and social. The aim of the article is to define whether governmental policies that promote innovation and sustainable development lead to environmental, social, and economic improvements in the EU countries. Our study uses the Eurostat data for 27 European Union countries. The literature review will include studies on sustainable innovation ecosystems. In the second chapter, we will describe the sustainable innovation ecosystems and ways to measure the sustainable outcomes of innovations. We study sustainable innovation ecosystems on a national level. We use partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to determine the influence of governmental policies on sustainable outcomes, with product and process innovation as mediating variables. Under sustainable outcomes, we mean the economic, social, and environmental improvements on a national scale. The analysis is based on applying a quantitative method with empirical data using SmartPLS software. The results demonstrated a significant direct impact of governmental policies on innovation, as well as on environmental and social outcomes. However, they showed no indirect impacts connected to innovations. The results contribute to the current state of knowledge on sustainable innovation ecosystems and give policymakers valuable insights on factors that influence such ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to investigate how urban regeneration projects contribute to achieving sustainable development through an intellectual capital (IC) perspective for driving growth within urban communities and improving quality of life. Literature has shown that urban regeneration projects help support urban change. The IC helps drive sustainable development and competitiveness of regions, cities and communities. Urban regeneration projects contribute to better quality of life and drive social and economic renewal of urban communities. This exploratory study proposes a research framework addressed to join urban regeneration projects with IC view on cities and urban communities. This paper can contribute to the extant literature focused on the relationship between urban regeneration processes and the role of intellectual capital as driver of sustainable development. This qualitative study, using a multiple case study methodology, provides a comparative analysis of two urban regeneration projects that help the redevelopment of urban environments and support human and social capital within communities. The findings show that urban regeneration projects significantly contribute to revitalising urban spaces, supporting the components of IC that drive social and economic growth of communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The "tourist gaze" has been in constant transformation and so has its mediatized representations spanning from the picture postcard to the virtual picture posted on social media (SoMe) platforms. In the digital society users of SoMe form a feedback-loop breaking the glass ceiling of destination marketing tactics. Virtual dynamics partly shift control from tourist managers to tourists, at times negatively with divergent unintended outcomes. This behaviour has occasionally resulted in viral effects jolting sustainability schemes for tourist destinations. Therefore, we first present an overview of the general challenge that SoMe poses for the tourist industry sometimes leading to environmental and economic degradation with global viral effects. Secondly, online discourse is examined through applying visual content analysis to images posted on the photo-sharing social networking service Instagram. This analysis exemplifies the self-organizing dynamics in the form of viral effects and points to circular causality impacting tourism. Subsequently, strategic public art is presented as a possibility to redirect tourist flows playing on sensory attraction and engaged experience. This multidisciplinary paper suggests innovative ways for the industry and how they can possibly react to the unplanned outcomes, e.g. using art as a tool which may influence both viral effects as well as tourist´s behaviour for more sustainable tourism development. Public art installations are a long decision-making process permanent structures that will affect a destination in the long term or even define it for the future. We propose that art can be utilized by tourist managers to redirect flows and/or stabilize a crisis, even in the short-term temporary. The paper hints to art as an attractor for visitors and locals to enjoy together as a cultural exchange. The paper targets the tourist industry, especially those engaged in tourism management and marketing, with alternative solutions to the unforeseen increase in the number of visitors due to user-generated content on SoMe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the practices of companies present on the Romanian market which are preventing and controlling the pollution in their areas of expertise. Many of the companies are trying to find solutions to implement the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, some of them pleading for the importance of keeping the environment safe, the ecosystems protected, and the degree of pollution at a lower level. Given the massive use of fossil fuels and other nonrenewable resources and the international commitment to the Sustainable Development Goals, care to natural resources and pollution reduction becomes essential in ensuring access of future generations to a safe and healthy life. In today's time, technology plays an essential role in the management of a company, naturally it cannot be absent from the solutions thought to reduce air and water pollution. Hence, the importance of the existing solutions which could be considered innovative measures. The purpose of this paper is to determine the pollution situation and the factors that contributed to it. At the same time, it will present the evolution of the practices applied by companies to combat water and air pollution, so far. The methodology is based on an analysis of the Public S ustainability Reports from the past years, of the activity of the companies on the Romanian market. Through sustainability reports, large companies present the evolution and results of the applied solutions. Anti-pollution practices can be classified according to their field of activity and type of activity. The study contributes to the review of the literature by focusing on the practices implemented by companies in relation to work and the natural environment at the borders of Romania. Companies embrace the fight against pollution, including this as part of their sustainability strategy, as a goal which can be achieved only with teamwork, with the stakeholder's involvement: employees, customers, suppliers, and all those stakeholders who stand for the same values, taking action and using concrete facts to follow the strategy to make an impact for the better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If sustainable practices were for a long time a differentiation tool on an overcrowded market, the creation of green regulations from governments transformed this competitive advantage into legal compliance, hindering financial outcomes. Based on the existing literature, this study presents a conceptual framework of factors believed to create value when cocreation occurs between organizations and stakeholders in a sustainability context. Four factors appeared to be crucial to create value sustainably-oriented : (1) share of values with stakeholders that go beyond financial interests, which will highly determine their drive to engage. (2) relationship management focused on keeping a coherence with values and objectives while developing stakeholders’ loyalty. (3) knowledge acquisition by using co-creation as a platform where stakeholders will be able to translate their knowledge into action. (4) innovation towards sustainable development. This paper brings a new contribution in the sense that drivers to engage into co-creation for sustainability are not based on financial interests unlike usual co-creation, directly impacting the way the relationship should be approached by firms to learn from their stakeholders and to create value. A gap remaining is the availability of measurement tools to assess value created from co-creation projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every public sector has to get involved in the IT project implementation for driving and promoting e-government development. However, implementing successful IT project is still a challenging issue as it requires participation from all stakeholders including politicians, chief executive officers in every sector, government officers, as well as citizen. However, most IT projects are being implemented because of the policies set forth by the policy makers or by the IT unit within the sector. According to our lesson learned from being IT consultants for many public sectors, we discovered that while these projects may very-well be aligned with the first two focused areas in the e-Government Roadmap, most of them fail. More specifically, some IT projects took longer than expected to implement and some were launched without users' involvement so they never get adopted by the users unless there is policy enforcement. Recently, we have observed interesting phenomenon within the public sectors. That is, the IT projects that do not get included in the IT strategic plan, which got initiated by the non-IT unit, are often successful. By carefully investigating into the project detail, we found that these projects had such a great impact on the project owners' operation, i.e., they can help reducing workload, use of paper, and time. Such projects normally attract users' engagement right from the very beginning. Hence, in this paper, we'll discuss different approaches in implementing different types of IT projects in the public sectors so that the IT development is strategically aligned with the e-Government roadmap while still meets the users' need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a work-in-progress paper for a doctorate study that builds upon a growing stream of literature on the circular economy (CE) as an emerging sustainability paradigm. A literature review suggests the need to understand how the CE is conceptualised and applied in tourism contexts, especially in small island destinations (SIDs) where tourism is often a socioeconomic activity that contributes to the degradation of the ecosystems, and whose territorial characteristics may facilitate or challenge sustainable development. The overreaching aim of this study is to analyse how the CE is perceived, conceptualized, planned, implemented in SIDs. The theoretical contribution of the study lies in the empirical knowledge expected to emerge from in-depth documentation of one or more case studies embracing circular initiatives. It is expected that the study will provide a representative framework that can potentially be beneficial to similar contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a work-in-progress paper for a doctorate study that builds upon a growing stream of literature on the circular economy (CE) as an emerging sustainability paradigm. A literature review suggests the need to understand how the CE is conceptualised and applied in tourism contexts, especially in small island destinations (SIDs) where tourism is often a socioeconomic activity that contributes to the degradation of the ecosystems, and whose territorial characteristics may facilitate or challenge sustainable development. The overreaching aim of this study is to analyse how the CE is perceived, conceptualized, planned, implemented in SIDs. The theoretical contribution of the study lies in the empirical knowledge expected to emerge from in-depth documentation of one or more case studies embracing circular initiatives. It is expected that the study will provide a representative framework that can potentially be beneficial to similar contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research studies show that projects that are aimed to developing poor communities tend to fail or deliver poor benefits or results. Many factors are suggested for successful achievement of project goals. In this paper we focus on the role of knowledge transfer to community members. The challenge with regards to community members is how to get them to be active participants in the knowledge transfer process. Their participation in learning plays a key role in making a project successful. This article reports on the ethico-political challenges faced by project developers when they implemented a renewable energy project in a low-income community. Drawing on the ethical philosophy of Levinas and Foucault the paper argues that the fact that communities occupy a different epistemic world than project funders and developers means that a key objective of any projects should be an engagement with stakeholders around knowledge transfer. The key finding with regards to the ethical and political aspects of knowledge transfer was that the project implementers struggled to find appropriate ways of ethico-political engagement in order to enable transfer of knowledge to community members. However, there was some knowledge transfer in terms of some community members were trained to be part of the project implementation team. We conclude the paper by suggesting that any project should establish a knowledge forum that will continue after the delivery of the project goods within the community where community members are trained and developed with regards to the "project" that they were recipients of thus paving way to successful implementation of renewable energy projects in low income communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The management of knowledge has been increasingly recognised by organisations as a critical resource that can be harnessed to attain competitive advantage and superior performance. Hence, if firms are able to manage their knowledge resources effectively, then a wide range of benefits can be reaped such as improved corporate efficiency, effectiveness, innovation, customer service and profitability. This is true for all industries especially growing industries such as the halal market. The Halal global market is undergoing a rapid and sustained growth. The Halal food and beverage market was valued at US$ 1.37 trillion in 2014 (Reuters & Standard, 2014). Muslims represent an estimated 1.6 billion consumers (Reuters & Standard, 2014). South Africa has emerged as a leader in the Halal food industry due to the presence of advanced Halal certification programmes in the country. It is one of the largest producers of Halal food products worldwide and is widely regarded as the gateway to Africa's Halal food and beverage hub (Sanchez, 2017). Despite the importance of the global Halal market and the well-established Halal certification programmes in South Africa, there have been no previous studies on Halal certification and knowledge management practices (KMPs) in South Africa. This paper reports on the South African National Halaal Authority (SANHA), a leading Halal Certifying Body (HCB), which has adopted and integrated certain basic KMPs in its daily activities, which in turn have improved its business processes and provided it with a competitive advantage over other HCBs. The paper highlights the potential of Knowledge Management (KM) as a key capability and as a source of sustainable competitive advantage for HCBs in South Africa. We take an ethical and political perspective in the paper. Ethics is about values and politics about actioning those values. We argue that SANHA is using basic KM practices scattered across departments to enable them to certify halal products. Their KM practices are the political actions that they deploy to achieve their ethical goal of certifying halal products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dynamic developments within and in the vicinity of organisations demand significantly more attention and approach as they often have an immense, or even disruptive effect on individuals, organisations and on broader society. In many cases, the reasons of this impact are related to the presumption that current successes are not sustainable. Modern organisations confront more frequently with this development. The question of how to deal with these developments cannot be elucidated with a single and unified answer. We recognise that this setting is originated in the discontinuation of knowledge and hence inability to collectively solve societal problems. Therefore, we aim to find a solution which relates to the plethora of dynamic developments and requires access to knowledge, being able to assess its quality and integrating it in current insights and existing systems of values and norms. The related conflicts we recognise in society are: The strong tendency of academia and research institutions to focus on mono-disciplinary research and specialism and opposed researches spanning a variety of fields and topics. Larger institutions/organisations are benefiting more from research funding whereas smaller ones are discouraged which leads (un)intentionally to commercially monopolised researches by large corporations. See e.g. the so called Frightful five in the US (Amazon, Google, Apple, Microsoft and Facebook). There is little collective effort devoted to receiving knowledge input from SMEs, NGOs, or individual end-users. Identifying areas of common interest and facilitating the knowledge exchange between all participants can be seen as a new source for knowledge development. In our paper we describe a method for knowledge exchange based on the assumption that in our society solutions are available for many of the problems organisations are facing with. The paper will also illustrate the approach by describing some cases of experimenting the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Higher Education Sustainability Initiative (HESI, 2017a) states that higher education institutions (HEIs) are integrating the SDGs into sustainability strategies in the form of research, teaching, pedagogy, and campus practices, and to position HEIs as key drivers for achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Concern has been raised (HESI, 2017b) as to the potential impact of HEIs in helping to achieve the SDGs; the challenges faced by HEIs with integrating the SDGs into curriculum and institutional strategies; the role of partnerships for HEIs among students, faculty, government, and various stakeholders; and how the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, including the SDGs, will transform the work of HEIs. Prior research has highlighted the importance of interdisciplinary and trans-disciplinary research and studies (e.g. Mader & Rammel, 2015); and more recently Rasche et al., (2017) conceive that governance systems in general can serve to make, take, or break support for the SDGs. In fact, Velazquez et al., (2005) found many obstacles preventing the success of sustainability initiatives on campuses around the world. This paper reviews progress of a sample of n=307 signatories to the HESI. Findings reveal a difference between HEI governance that is 'instrumental' and governance that is 'holistic' in relation to sustainability with implications for achieving the SDGs in general and for leadership, management and governance in particular. The research is supported by a grant from Enterprise Educators UK (EEUK, 2017) a network of 1,600 enterprise and entrepreneurship educators and practitioners from over 100 UK Higher and Further Education Institutions and related organisations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper follows on results of the survey that was conducted in an area of individual and legal entities operating in the Czech Republic's market and pointed to the increasing demands of stakeholders on environment protection and social responsibility. The current situation in a business management calls for the need of a uniform approach integrating social and environmental concerns into an existing business management. Application of the "triple bottom line concept" is a response to this need. One of the possible and at the same time effective ways is its integration into the Balanced Scorecard Concept, whose logical connection with financial and non-financial perspectives enables to share sustainable business strategy at different levels of the company. This paper develops Balanced Scorecard for Sustainability Management that is crucial for measurement and evaluation of day-to-day social and environmental operations from following four perspectives: finance, customer, internal business process and learning and growth. Balanced Scorecard has been developed further based on comprehensive analysis and extensive review of literature on Sustainability Concept into a Sustainability Balanced Scorecard and there is proposed a methodology that will enable the implementation of the sustainability principles into corporate strategy through the Balanced Scorecard. The Balanced Scorecard developed in this paper provides a useful guidance for the practical managers in evaluation and measuring of Sustainability in a balanced way and proposes a balanced performance measurement system. This means that this paper offers not only a systematic review, which is crucial for advancing an academic field, but should be also used to inform and to enhance management practice. The theoretical part is supplemented by a case study. In terms of research methodology the paper is based on the results of the survey, the literature search and the analysis of documents dealing with the issue, along with modelling and analogy. The paper was created on the basis of a project SGS- 2013-040 Paradigm of development in the 21st century and its impact on the behaviour of economic entities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world will face the challenges of sustainable development in the terms of social, environmental and economic sustainability in all sectors (e.g. Bruntland, 1987). In these days of Covid19 tourism will be in focus because of the restrictions in mobility and traveling. Already before Covid the responsible tourism was arising and the negative consequences of global tourism got attention. This paper presents the results of the web survey consisting of political, economic, social, technological and ecological factors affecting the future of tourism in European context. We received altogether 46 replies to the survey. We have used methods from futures studies (see Bell, 1997; Masini, 1993). According to the results, sustainability concerning tourism is not only environmental issues, but also health and safety dimensions. Virtual reality offers opportunities in the time of uncertainties. It will also create new challenges and threats. In the worst case scenario people travel and cause overtourism and damages to the nature and to the culture. In the best case scenario tourists find a sustainable way of living, staying longer and respecting people living there. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces research about the benefits of co-creation for tourism developers. Taking sustainable development into account, the current situation in the tourism industry and the increasingly rapidly changing work life require flexibility and renewal of education. The competence of tourism professionals is not necessarily being developed and updated at the pace required by the industry. In many cases, tourism employees cannot combine their work schedule with studying. The opposite needs to be done - education needs to be brought closer to work life. In 2019 this was the background for launching a collaborative development of a new education model for responsible tourism as an empirical study. COVID-19 pandemic has increased the value of flexible learning even more. "The steps towards responsible tourism" project is a collaboration between five universities in Finland, co-funded by the European Social Fund. The five partnering organizations formed its formal network with more than 20 tourism-related experts. In the progress of the development work also several less committed actors were involved in the co-creation process. The research question of this study is: What is the value of co-creation for the actors participating in the production of the new digital education model? For this purpose, a case study was conducted. The data collection methods were participative observation by the participating experts, narratives of participants, and project documentation. The research aims at solutions for better support of the cocreation processes. The findings showed three different role perspectives: tourism industry representatives, service providers, and experts participating in the project. Transformative learning was evident in each of the roles. The phenomenon of swarming was also observed, which suggests openness for several views, self-directed periods and a social interaction period between the participants. It appeared that creativity in performance can be enhanced by facilitators encouraging the development of shared vision and understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]