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In recent years, the human population has reached its peak in both the developing countries and developed countries like India and China. An increase in personnel density ended up being a hard task to maintain or manage people flow in socio-public places. However, people flow management is out of control for humans, which may also cause some safety damages. This paper aims to give an optimal solution for people flow with the help of machine learning, deep learning, and also AI-cameras are used for counting the number of people entering and leaving a user-defined place. Here, also the centroid tracking and centroid detecting algorithms are used to count the number of people together with their direction. This technique helps to replace manual security,in-store traffic management, and much more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spread of digital technologies in all dimensions within modern society became possible as a result of the 4th Industrial Revolution. It leads to qualitative changes in all significant areas, including higher education, and makes its digital transformation inevitable. At the initial stage the introduction of digital technologies into educational activities was an initiative of some Higher education institutions, but now this process acquires a systemic character in most countries with developed educational systems. The governments of these countries adopt the general digitalization strategies, as well as strategies for digital transformation of science and higher education. The article focuses on tertiary education. The digital transformation of higher education is associated with the development of digital services, infrastructure modernization, data management and human resources. The paper identifies trends in education digital development. The authors carried out the ranking assessment of countries' potential for digital technologies development. For the ranking six key indicators in twelve countries with the most developed education systems located on different continents were taking into consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purchasing power parity theory (PPP), one of the widely investigated areas in International Finance, proposes that prices of goods ought to be the same in both local and foreign economies or internationally. This paper examined the PPP theory for a group of 16 developed countries using powerful statistical panel data analyses that put into consideration dependence on cross-sections in panel data. The paper used the Pesaran panel unit root test, the cointegration test of Westerlund, the linear Augmented Mean Group (AMG) and Common Correlated Effect Mean Group (CCEMG) estimators. In addition, this study extended the linear AMG and CCEMG estimators to nonlinear AMG and CCEMG estimators in examining the long-run PPP theory. The test of unit root revealed that all the variables are integrated of order one. Since all variables were I(1), tests of cointegration were conducted to see whether there are long-run relationships amongst the variables. The tests of cointegration depicted the appearance of long-run relationships and hence, the occurrence of PPP in this group of countries. Furthermore, the long-run relationship was evaluated using both linear (AMG and CCEMG) and the extended nonlinear (AMG and CCEMG) estimators. It was seen that the PPP theory is valid in the long-run and there is nominal exchange rate appreciation and depreciation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transformations that have taken place in the social and productive structures of economically advanced countries are to be correlated to a new structure of urban networks and territorial relations, from which it results that a vast series of activities and functions are to be considered no longer subject to localization constraints and thresholds dimensional. From this emerges a wider territorial participation in the development process, which ends up affecting the regional articulation, giving rise to the formation of reticular spatial structures [1]. It comes out the idea of sustainable mobility was than born, which was based on giving a greater role to public transport, pedestrian and bicycle movements, which are much more efficient, thanks to which you can in turn reduce time waste, pollutant emissions and increase safety at urban areas without limiting mobility. In light of these aspects, in this paper we highlight, in parallel, what has been achieved with a view to sustainability in two realities: Brindisi, a city in southern Italy, and Cracow, a Polish city. They are two realities that highlight what has been done and what are the indications coming from the stakeholders. It is possible to move in this direction for future planning and for the adoption of sustainable mobility plans adhering to territorial needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Road safety is a major global concern for today's rapid world that has no time to waste. The concept of Road safety auditing (RSA) is well in implementation in developed nations like USA, Australia, Qatar etc. However it is not in a desired state of implementation in developing nations. RSA is an organized procedure to assess the quality and conditions in terms of Safety standards of the existing roads or proposed road projects. This is a valuable tool to anticipate the occurrences of road crashes or fatalities and it also indicates the approach to rectify the safety issues proactively. With the help of comprehensive amount of data from conducted RSA, the governments can draft and upgrade the protocols for designing and building safer roads for all kinds of road users. The aim of this study is to emphasize the need of RSA at DPR stage or design phase to curb the crashes and fatalities before they occur. A stretch of a link road connecting SH-94/MDR-103 and NH-62 was chosen for this study. This link road acts as a bypass for Suratgarh City and connects the traffic coming from on SH-94 Hanumangarh to NH-62. According to the local residents of Suratgarh City, the said portion of the road reports 3-4 major crashes every month, making it a perfect candidate for the study as the crashes are mostly because of design flaws which are pointed out in the paper. In the later part of the study, customized solutions are provided so as to rectify the fatal issues of the design to enhance the safety for road users. Towards the end, the study suggests some changes that can be incorporated with the concept of the Highway alignment and profiling for the concerned authorities or Governments to boost up the safety of their road users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experience of industrialized countries shows that a high level of organization of production is determined by a large share of products with high added value. Before independence, the Republic of Uzbekistan was a unilaterally developed economy, that is, a country producing only raw materials, now it is on its way to becoming a highly industrialized state, determining the path of development based on increased production and export of various types of finished products. To this end, the use of the cluster system was chosen as a priority to achieve a higher level of industrialization with the production of high value-added products. The research paper highlights the role, importance of industrialization in the economy of the republic, the advantages of using the cluster in the production of finished products with high added value in textile production, the possibility of improving the living standards of the population, especially with giving priority to the extensive use of the cluster in increasing the level of industrialization of the Fergana region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the recent decades, green technology policy has been widely discussed amongst academic scholars, industrial practitioners and policy makers. It is still considered as one of the significant features in regards to global sustainable consumption and production in many countries. Malaysia is no exception, to which the concept of green technology is still in its infancy as compared to that of developed nations. To this day, green technology, and inevitably its policies, have faced obstacles such as a lack of local expertise and minimal government initiatives, which in turn results in a lack of market demand towards sustainable production and consumption of green products and services. This article provides a comprehensive review of green technology and related policies that could provide a basis for further research in addressing the said concerns. Three questions are proposed in this paper, creating the foundation for conducting a research with regards to the importance of green technology policy within Malaysia, the challenges faced in its implementation, as well as its effectiveness against that of other developing countries. This in turn could potentially contribute towards the nation's progressive growth of national sustainable consumption and production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) scores has been gaining a lot of attention in both the academic research and the industry practices. A voluminous study has examined the effects of ESG scores on the operating performances and market performances of the firm and found mix results. Although the dominant literature provided the evidence of positive impact of ESG scores on firm's performance, most of the studies have focused only on developed countries, hence still there is a lack of empirical findings in developing countries. The aim the paper was to provide preliminary analysis on the value relevance of ESG disclosure in Indonesian listed banks. The study observed a sample of five listed banks in the period 2009-2019. Using multiple regression analyses, the study finds that ESG disclosure has a value relevance. The finding is robust, even after controlling for internal and market performance of the bank. Further analysis shows that the social component of ESG is the driver of the value relevance of ESG in banks. The study argues that the focus of Indonesian banks' CSR activities is on the society, therefore the social aspects of ESG affect the market value of the banks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet of Things (IoT) becomes the backbone of the advanced countries and it has a real contribute to exchange the traditional style or way of practical life, even personal life into smart style, with (IoT) technology the life become more and more easy and professional. Internet of Things achieves various applications coordinate with sensors and standard protocols to apply what is called machine -to- machine connection (M2M), in this paper we will talk more about the concept of (M2M), the main component of internet of things and finally the common protocols that is used in network, in addition to that this work present an IOT operation with processing system using camera for capturing image and Xilinx system generator(XSG)models for designing image processing algorithms and the result of the processing is an image with black and white for edge detection, thresholding models and gray color image for gray enhancement model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides designing methodical recommendations and using their results to improve traffic safety in transport exploitation. The system of environmental regulation and standardization has been carried out in all advanced countries such as in the Republic of Uzbekistan, as in other countries, on the scientific basis. The concept of ecosystems consists of a set of different organisms that interact with each other and with the environment in which they operate, taking into account the long-term coexistence of this organic collection. Environmental security is defined as the ability of an individual, society, state, natural resources and the environment to withstand a hidden threat posed by anthropogenic, man-made or natural disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2020, the Covid-19 virus has become a global pandemic, which started in the Chinese province of Wuhan and spread around the world, The aim of the present study is to discuss the most important and latest methods of tracking Covid-19 patients and the strategies followed by developed countries in integrating digital technology to control the epidemic, it also covers the most important issues and discusses the difficulties these technologies as well as how people interact with and feel about the use of this type of technology. Among these methods used, are those developed by technology companies in cooperation with telecom companies, such as Covid-19 patient tracking applications that rely on raising case information. These applications have been effective (GPS, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth), as also the most important prevention measures to be followed and symptoms that are likely to appear on infected or carriers of the virus have been announced by global health agencies, which have been accepted all over the world. In this paper we present. A progressive of digital solutions technologies from the methods used to confront COVID-19 since the appearance of the first case used to control and stop the spread of the pandemic and track infected people, to the contemporary technologies in use, depending on the country used for each of these strategies as well, in addition to the most prominent issues that impede these preventive methods. Then there are the advantage and disadvantages of these technologies, by analyzing the different features of contemporary technology in order to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, we provide a window of ideas for reviewing technological advances used to reduce and control the spread of the epidemic. Despite the emergence of various studies related to modern technology towards COVID-19, there are still limited applications and contributions of technology in this battle. On-going progress in modern technology has contributed to improving people's lives and hence there is a solid conviction that validated research plans including artificial intelligence will be of significant advantage in helping people to fight this infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need for urgent actions regarding the worsening climate crisis has been stressed over and over again through campaigns, reports, international conferences and treaties regarding climate, there are various discussions regarding the best ways to mitigate the crisis and strategic actions are taken at various levels, from local to national and international. But unfortunately, there is still not a clear and cohesive effort to address the climate crisis at a global level, and therefore the many local and national initiatives have little impact in terms of decreasing or reversing the effects of climate change. Thus, one can note that the different approaches to the climate issue by various states are shaped by their particular economic and infrastructural development. In this respect, we can understand the climate action not as a sort of a reductionist policy in relation to the classic coal and petroleum-based economy, but as a strategy of ecological modernization. From this perspective we are asking what are the challenges of ecological modernization for a particular category of states - the postcommunist periphery of the European Union, such is the case of Romania, which is, alongside Bulgaria, one of the least developed countries amongst the post-communist camp. We will try to explore the way in which Romania is trying to shape its 21st century strategy for eco-modernization and how, at the same time, it's trying to fall in line with the European requirements that the EU assumed as a part of the Paris Agreement and through the European Green Deal. Therefore, in our paper we are trying to answer the following questions: how is Romania dealing with its post-communist industrial past in terms of eliminating sources of pollution, switching to sustainable energy and designing public policies aimed to engender a greener economy? What is the role the Eu should play in relation to its less developed members? We are planning to address the above mentioned questions by using Joseph Huber's theoretical framing of the concept of ecological modernization, and also Martin Jänicke's approach to the concept to provide a better understanding of the challenges faced by Romania in its struggle to tackle the climate crisis, and of the ways in which these can be successfully mitigated by the Romanian authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents and analyses actual problems of quality of education in the world system for training of specialists. The current state of availability of genuine problems of education quality in the global system for training of specialists in many countries, including Ukraine, was examined. A number of previously unresolved aspects of the overall problem have been defined as impeding the implementation and development of the education quality system. The primary tasks required for the implementation of the education quality system in specialist training are also examined. The key directions for developing and improving the quality system of education in specialty training are established. The important for today criteria of quality of education necessary for realization of process of preparation of specialists was analysed. In the article was analysed the experience of advanced countries in solving some problems of education quality in for training of specialists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A transgenic animal refers to an animal that has purposefully had its genome modified by direct human interference to achieve a specific modification goal. This method involves foreign DNA being introduced to the animal using recombinant DNA techniques. Usually, animal modifications are done for specific purposes, like for aesthetics, creating animals that glow in the dark to those that are designed purposely for agricultural and economic output like fast-growing salmon to supplement existing production capacities. Also, to monitor newly produced drugs or a new medical technique treatment of disease before applying on humans aiming to protect potential side effects. Whatever the purpose of creating such exotic organisms are human curiosity and capacity to modify life itself is here to stay. In this paper, we present a review of the advantages and disadvantages of this approach since it was first introduced to the world and subsequent discoveries gathered in the few decades since the promises and limitations of creating transgenic animals and organizations which are responsible for controlling regulations have also been outlined. We also looked into the rules and regulations guiding this very sensitive scientific endeavor by various international and national bodies (with emphasis on developed countries regarding transgenic animals). We highlighted some of the modern scientific developments that promise to have a massive impact in the field of genetically engineering animals. In the end, the future of using the technique, or risk potentials was reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the study is due to the increasing number of cyber-attacks on management automation systems, among which computer sabotage occupies a special place. In this class of cybercrime, risk dynamics as the probability of occurrence of damages of a certain value are studied. Risk dynamics is tracked over the past five years for the most developed countries and globally. It is shown that both the frequency and the severity of computer sabotage, despite the pandemic, are steadily increasing. This calls for international and national action. The findings of this paper prove that computer crime of the "computer sabotage" type should be seen as a separate type of computer crime, with a tendency to grow. Today it has become a cross-border phenomenon, and combating it only within national territories will not be as effective as it should be. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cold formed steel sections are extensively used in developed countries for a wide range of applications like roofs in the form of deck sheeting and also as structural elements like beam and column. In a developing country like India, where use of conventional hot rolled steel sections itself is in developing stages, the use of cold formed steel is very less. But if cold formed built-up sections are developed efficiently, cold formed sections can be used for wide range of applications where spans are minimum and fewer loads are acting. Structural behaviour of cold formed sections based on the different type of fasteners was studied in this paper. Behaviour of cold formed sections mainly based on welding and bolts are compared and studied. Strength aspects of cold formed sections due to different types of fasteners along with their mode of connection was studied. Studies shows significant changes in behaviour of similar members were obtained by varying the type of fasteners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crowdsourced delivery is a potential solution for last-mile challenges. It requires a critical mass of both customers and couriers, whose expectations need to be matched. This proves to be difficult in developed countries, but might be easier in developing ones. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to investigate whether matching stakeholder expectations for crowdsourced local delivery is easier to achieve in developing than in developed countries. A framework with six expectations is designed and tested with an online survey conducted with potential customers and couriers in Sri Lanka and Germany. Results show that matching stakeholder expectations is easier in Sri Lanka than in Germany. Out of the six expectations, three were better aligned in Sri Lanka and three were equally well aligned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the mental health of workers is increasing attention by academic management research as it has been identified as the leading cause of work disability in most developed countries. Thus, the effective management of this intangible asset has emerged as a hot research topic within organizations as it can impact positively in firm's competitiveness.To this end, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) emerges as an increasing popular therapy for improving mental health and psychological flexibility, thus favoring the development of positive psychological capital among workers that can improve organizational results. Within this context, this paper carries out a systematic review of academic research on the use of ACT interventions to increase psychological capitals within organizational contexts which the aiming to offer a comprehensive reflection of the existing state of the art, gaps in current research, and future directions on the topic. A sample composed of 42 academic articles published in peer-reviewed international journals until 2022 constitutes the knowledge base of the study. The results of this study provides a cohesive, synthesized and organized view of the recent developments of the efficacy of ACT in management field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the scientific mobility of Chinese returnees. Based on an analysis of scientific affiliation data in the Web of Science between 2008 to 2019, the paper explores the distribution of Chinese returnees from temporal and regional perspectives. The results confirm that there is an increasing number of Chinese migrant researchers who return home, and that mainly come back from developed countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corrosion has been in existence since man began to process ores into metals. Corrosion is the deterioration of a metal due to its interaction with its environment. This paper highlights the global and economic effects of corrosion in the society and amongst various industries. Extensive research is required regarding corrosion control methods and this should be carried out by companies and countries concerned. Failure to do so would result in more damage than could be predicted. Extreme consequences of corrosion are seen in loss of lives as well as buildings, bridges, etc. High rise structures have collapsed due to deterioration of certain parts of their construction material. Some developed countries already spend millions of dollars on extensive research on the control of corrosion so as to prevent losses of property and lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The functioning of a state is a complex process that primarily depends on the macroeconomic national system. During the functioning of the state, obstacles such as corruption arise in the system, reducing the effectiveness of the state. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyse the effects of corruption on the effectiveness of a state, observed through the results of measurable state activity. The aim of this research is to assess the direction, form and intensity of corruption effects on indicators of state activity. In order to assess the direction, intensity and form of the impact of corruption on indicators, correlation will be used for each of the segments/indicators of state activity. Furthermore, in order to get the final result and explanations of the relationship between corruption and state activity indicators, a comparison of one developed EU country - Germany - with a country in transition - Croatia - will be made. Given the research methodology, in addition to the classical methods of analysis and synthesis, the desk research method will be used, along with correlation coefficients. In order to get the final result and explain the connection between corruption and indicators of state activity, the method of comparison will be used to reach a final conclusion. Using this methodology, the conclusion will demonstrate the role of corruption in the state activity system. Also, the research is expected to show which segments of state activity are affected more by corruption and which are affected less or unaffected, and what is the effect of the impact of corruption on the success of state activity. In particular, it is expected that this research will identify the impact of corruption on the indicators of state activity in the field of entrepreneurship, which is the backbone of a national economy. It is difficult to predict the results before calculating the correlation, but the research hypothesis can be related, with great certainty, to the more visible impact of corruption on those segments of the state activity in which a part of the state budget is located. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of the knowledge in the library and information science (LIS) discipline is created and published by researchers in developed countries. Two roundtable sessions of ASIS&T SIG‐III with the ASIS&T Africa Chapter and ASIS&T South Asia Chapter, in early 2021, confirmed "the lack of a conducive research environment" as the primary reason for this inequality in the discipline and called for systematic efforts, like this panel, to (a) create awareness about this inequality and (b) start building a global support system for LIS researchers in developing countries. In the first 30 minutes of this panel, six LIS scholars with cultural roots, academic training, and research experience in developing countries will illustrate common challenges to conducting and publishing research in developing countries. In the next 30 minutes, attendees will be divided into groups, with each group facilitated by a panelist, to brainstorm solutions for addressing the challenges related to academic training for conducting and publishing research, accessing resources, institutional support, opportunities for research collaboration and funding, fieldwork, analyzing data, composing manuscripts, and finding mentors, among others. In the last 30 minutes, each group will present its findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the use of ERP in developing countries, especially in developed countries, is of great concern, because in developed countries it is still being developed, especially for SMEs and still paying attention to large companies, so that all can make good use of ERP and have a beneficial impact on the company. This paper describes some of the advantages, challenges, success factors, differences before and after, and differences in ERP implementation in developing countries and in developed countries. Because if you look at it, there are still ERP implementation failures that cause losses for companies that invest in ERP and make other companies afraid or don't want to invest in ERP. So, the purpose of this paper is to explain that ERP utilization can be maximized and benefit the company such as reducing costs, more efficiency, and others if you take advantage of other approaches in ERP implementation such as CSF, ISP, and BPR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With its growing importance, warehouse operation needs visibility and traceability to reduce complexity and streamline its processes. Employing Internet-of-Things (IoT) technology to enable real-time visibility and traceability has become a trend in warehouse operation today, especially in advanced economies or developed countries. However, in developing countries, digitalization through the use of IoT is more challenging due to various limitations. With this knowledge, the purpose of this study is to develop a framework for designing an IoT-based smart warehouse infrastructure in the context of developing countries. Following the study's purpose, a literature review and situation analysis were conducted. This study proposes a viable framework that can be used by companies in developing countries to design their own IoT-based smart warehouse infrastructure. The proposed framework can drive companies to move towards industry 4.0 in.terms of digitalizing warehouse operation, which can also drive the economic growth of the country. This study also offers a theoretical insight for academia or researchers to direct a future study and practical knowledge for practitioners to make better decisions for their businesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As per World Health Organization (WHO), the Corona virus Covid-19 is a pandemic disease. This virus transmits from one person to another. It has affected the whole world economy and health. It has affected not only the developing countries but also developed countries. Rural areas, as well as urban areas, have been affected by this virus. Every part of the world is affected by this disease. This decease affects to the all aged group human beings. In this pandemic situation, the government of India and many other countries have decided to lockdown. Due to this lockdown period, many industries are getting shut down. Manufacturers and industrialists have faced various problems. In this manuscript, different industry sectors have been taken for the study and focused on the challenges they have faced and the positive and negative impacts of lockdown in India. The effects of pandemics on industries for different aspects are discussed in this manuscript. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article widely accepted fact that refrigerants, especially chlorofluorocarbons (R-12 and family) used in present day vapor compression cycles are having a detrimental effect on the earth's upper atmosphere. The United States and most industrialized nations have formally agreed to reduce and ban the production of these chemicals. The automotive air-conditioning industry is greatly affected by this change. Eighty percent of the new cars sold today have on-board air conditioners which are difficult to seal permanently against refrigerant leakage. While most of the industry is concentrating on finding less dangerous forms of chlorofluorocarbons, it must be realized that this would only be a temporary solution. Recent EPA findings show that by 1990 there was cumulative 5% reduction in the ozone layer over the United States. This could, if continued, lead to over 12 million cancer cases and 200,000 deaths over the next 50 years. Energy from the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine is used to power an absorption refrigeration system to air-condition an ordinary passenger car. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The past literature has seen considerable growth in lean and green concepts in the context of developed countries. However, despite the increasing interdependencies between developing and developed economies, little is known in the context of developing economies. This study investigates the impact of green and lean practices, and reverse logistics on organizational performance in the context of a developing economy. We employ a quantitative research design, where a sample of 170 responses was generated from senior managers of manufacturing firms in Pakistan -- a developing economy. The analysis uncovers those green practices have a significant positive nexus with organizational performance in a developing economy like Pakistan. Further, we find that lean practices and reverse logistics serially mediate the relationship between green practices and organizational performance. We thus suggest green practices, lean practices, and reverse logistics as key levers to enhance performance and gain a competitive advantage for the firms in the developing economy like Pakistan. This is among the few studies testing serial mediation of lean practices and reverse logistics between green practices and organizational performance. The findings offer numerous contributions to both theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, acute myocardial infarction has become a public health problem attracting worldwide attention. Various countries have adopted various public health policies, among which the quality improvement plan for acute myocardial infarction is the most important part of the measures, which effectively reduces the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction. However, at the same time, the quality improvement plans of various countries still have many inadequacies, which are more worthy of our reflection and improvement. This article will compare the major public health policies of China and developed countries in the United States in dealing with acute myocardial infarction, and then provide reference for improving the quality of life of patients with acute myocardial infarction in China and improving the hospitalization rescue rate of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital progress of the society is associated with trends in energetic sector. The top ten digitally developed European countries, according to the most recent ICT development index report in 2017, were chosen as testing countries to conduct a deeper investigation on the issue of energy production and consumption in the digital era. Data on (1, 2) coal and oil-fired electricity generation, (3) share of GHG emissions from energy production, (4) final electricity consumption in industry, (5) final electricity consumption in households, and (6) energy intensity were included in the initial database. For determining criteria weights and final ranking of alternatives, a hybrid CRITIC-TOPSIS MCDM model was utilized. The CRITIC approach was used to calculate objective weights of criteria by employing standard deviation to measure the contrast strength of each criterion. The findings highlight the dominance of three criteria in comparison to others: energy intensity (wei = 0.200), share of GHG emissions in total energy production (weGHG = 0.198), and ultimate energy consumption in households (wfch = 0.194). The TOPSIS approach was used to complete the final ranking. Switzerland, Luxembourg, and Sweden were ranked first, second, and third, respectively, in terms of advanced digitalization performance and awareness of the need of providing green energy for economic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research is to study the interrelation between the level of human capital and innovation development in different countries in the context of transition to sixth technological level. In order to achieve the stated aim the author tries to understand the opportunities of developing countries and define the preconditions for their successful transition to developed countries group. The author formulates the hypothesis of considerable difference in sensitivity and influence of innovations on the level of human capital in that respect for groups of different countries. In order to test this hypothesis the author used analytical, statistic and correlation and regression analysis methods. Combination of these methods allowed for identifying different degree of relation between human capital level and GDP, human capital and innovations, innovations and GDP. According to such analysis there is a close connection between human capital level and GDP, less intense interrelation between innovations and human capital and weak relation between innovations and GDP. The author suggested taking certain measures in six directions to support innovation development of developing countries. Obtained results can be used for providing justifications and innovation processes regulation measures considering national priorities in academic, technological and economic development of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]