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This paper documents how using smartphones can enrich classic, ethnographic studies of youth and social problems by extending the scope of a case using everyday communication. Two study models in the field of children and media inform the proposed, methodological intervention. I demonstrate how and why to conduct case studies on and off the phone and across settings to capture interaction more accurately and robustly. To illustrate the smartphone case method, I walked through my collaborative fieldwork with JayVon, an eighteen-year-old from Harlem (New York, NY). The fieldwork uses network analysis of contacts and trace ethnography of activity logs and text-message content in the course of a traditional, ethnographic study. I show how the ecology of a case opens up naturally by analyzing smartphone data ethnographically. I then discuss the significant, ethical challenges that accompany networked access. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

U.S. agricultural exports to Cuba have increased significantly since the approval of the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act (TSRA) in 2000. The total value of U.S. agricultural and food exports to Cuba increased from $4.6 million in 2001 to an estimated $170.6 million in 2014. Imports from the United States currently account for close to 40% of Cuba’s agricultural imports. However, agricultural trade between the United States and Cuba has been “one-way trade,” primarily due to U.S. economic sanctions. The announcement of new U.S. policy changes towards Cuba on December 17, 2014 paved the way for closer economic and diplomatic ties between the two nations. The potential normalization of trade relations between the U.S. and Cuba will likely result in the expansion of U.S. agricultural exports to the island, as well as Cuban exports to the U.S. This paper examines the evolution of U.S. agricultural Cuba since 2000, and the potential implications for agricultural exports from New York State (NYS) to Cuba under a scenario or normalized trade relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I investigate the interorganizational network of organizations engaged in protest activities over a 35 year period in New York State. This exploratory article represents one section of a larger analysis. Here I use social network analytics to describe, in detail, what the network looks like overall, and to examine how the network changes over time during a critical time in the history of social movement activity in the U.S. I focus on changes in whole-network measures such as density and shifts in clustering. I suggest that macro-structural network processes may impact other aspects of social movement activity. A major contribution of this work is that, while numerous studies have investigated one or several network processes within a relatively small subset of SMOs, the vastness of the dataset I use will allow me to observe multiple network processes across many movement areas, organizational types, and years. Considering the rarity of research on social network effects over time, this focus is a significant contribution of the proposed investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A growing body of research is highlighting the collateral consequences of mass incarceration, including stop-and-frisk policing tactics. Living in a neighborhood context characterized by aggressive policing may affect one's mental health, especially for men who are the primary targets of police stops. We examine whether there is an association between psychological distress and neighborhood-level aggressive policing structures (i.e., frisking and use of force by police) and whether that association varies by gender. The 2009-2011 New York City (NYC) Stop, Question, and Frisk Database is aggregated to the neighborhood level (N=34) and merged with individual data from the 2012 NYC Community Health Survey (N= 8,066) via the United Hospital Fund neighborhood of respondents' residence. Weighted multilevel generalized linear models are used to assess main and gendered associations of neighborhood exposures to aggressive police stops on psychological distress measured with Kessler-6 items. The neighborhood stop rate exhibits inconsistent associations with psychological distress; however, neighborhood-level frisk and use of force proportions are linked to higher levels of non-specific psychological distress among men, but not women. Specifically, men exhibit more non-specific psychological distress and more severe feelings of nervousness, effort, and worthlessness in aggressively surveilled neighborhoods. Male residents are affected by the escalation of stop-andfrisk policing in a neighborhood. Living in a context of aggressive policing should be considered an important risk factor that contributes to men's health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of urban design is to support the specific needs of people to their place. As people's values and identities may change quickly over time, the urban design of their location may not fit their current needs. Mobile food trucks and food carts provide an opportunity to meet the urban needs of people through distinct qualities of cuisine, entrepreneurship and architecture when compared to traditional brick and mortar businesses. These characteristics allow opportunities for business types that originate from the ethnic origin of their owners. This research investigates workflow methods to measure, codify, analyze and visualize the geospatial urban relationships of food carts and food trucks in Portland, Oregon and New York City. Online survey service Formhub and mobile application software ODK Collect are used to perform first-hand surveys for data collection. Geospatial analysis at the individual-scale of each vehicle uses a multi-platform workflow of Rhino/Grasshopper (Rutten 2007) software with spreadsheets and OpenStreetMap data. These new methods for analysis parallel the everyday social media tools that enhance connections between entrepreneurship, cuisine and architecture, with people in cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]