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The article presents commentary on various international and domestic U.S. politics as of the week of April 24, 1971. U.S. foreign economic and political relations with China are discussed in detail. The forced closings of domestic paper mills due to Federal anti-pollution standards are reviewed. The State Department's foreign training programs for police methods and anti-communism is described.

Focuses on the use of paper for various purposes in the U.S., such as in fashion, as of May 2005. Use of chemically treated paper by astronauts; Event responsible for the popularity of paper as a design material; Benefits from using disposable items.

Discusses the U.S. bombings during the war in Vietnam. Views of critics on the Vietnam bombings; Factors responsible for the U.S. decision to bomb Vietnam; Views of Pentagon analysts; U.S. government's attitude regarding the future of South Vietnam.

Provides facts about the paper money in the U.S. Number of individual notes printed by the Treasury Department's Bureau of Engraving and Printing division in Washington in 1957; Cost implication of the superstition about printing $2 bills; Purpose of the intricacy and variety of patterns used in paper currency; Changes made to the feature of the paper due to the Pacific war.

Examines the relationship of the U.S. press controlled by whites with its African American readers in 1965. Roles played by the press in the race situation in the country; Ideas and values advanced by the press to its African American readers; Rights and privileges that has yet to be awarded to African Americans; Significance of the press in preparing the society for the social change brought by the changing socio-political conditions of African Americans.

Focuses on the portrayal by actor Alan Alda of the role of journalist George Plimpton in the movie version of the book "Paper Lion" in the U.S. Efforts of Alda in preparing for his role as an amateur athlete; Information on several scenes featured at the film; Views of Alda on the outcome of the film.

Focuses on the impact of the Texas ice storm on January 17, 1944 on the paper industry in the U.S. Role of the ice storm in the introduction of woods mechanization equipment in southern states; Advantages of the decision of the Brown Paper Mill Co. Inc. to lease saws to a contractor on a lease-sale arrangement; Main sources of paper.

Focuses on the controversial trial of the Pentagon Papers political scandal in the U.S. Involvement of Daniel Ellsberg and Anthony J. Russo Jr. in the illegal reproduction of the documents; Treatment of the administration of President Richard Nixon regarding the issue; Revelation of the papers to high ranking officials in the government.

The article analyzes existing and proposed American and foreign standards for one inch perforated paper tape for information interchange. This standard covers the physical dimensions of the paper tape and its perforations. The unpunched tape shall have an overall nominal width of 1,000 inch and shall have a nominal thickness of .004 inch. The tape shall be used for recording up to eight levels of information across the tape. The longitudinal center line of the feed holes shall be parallel with the reference edge of the tape and located .392 inch plus or minus .004 inch from the reference edge. The feed holes in the tape shall be fully punched and round with a diameter of .046 inch plus .002 minus .001 inch. The code holes in the tape shall be fully punched and round with a diameter of .072 inch plus or minus .002 inch. All holes punched in the tape shall nominally center on the true intersection of longitudinal and perpendicular transverse center lines spaced .100 inch apart.

Presents a critique of Martin Blumenson's book 'The Patton Papers, 1885-1940.' Most admired American generals of World War II; Quality of Blumenson's editing; General George Patton's educational background and career history.

Discusses the excellent reporting by women journalists in the U.S. Prejudice against newspaperwomen; Remarks of male newspaper editors on newspaperwomen; Background of the work of Nellie Bly and Ishbel Ross.

Focuses on the career of investment counsel Lawrence Lee Bazley Angas in the U.S. Consultation fee he charged to his clients; Information on his market forecasting technique; Family and educational background.

Highlights the U.S. government information disclosure trial involving Daniel Ellsberg and Anthony Russo. Prosecutors and defense lawyers who attended the trial; Details on the jury selection; Political implications of the case; Various comments on the trial.

The article encourages readers to collect wastepaper such as old newspapers and magazines to become paper salvage, that is essential in saving the paper industry in the U.S. The shortage of manpower in the country resulted to low paper-pulpwood production, which is below the basic war and home-front needs. Wastepaper could be sold to dealers and donated to a local salvage committee.

Argues that the U.S. Gold Prohibition law should be repealed. Total worth of gold owned by the U.S. government as of July 13, 1940; Relationship between gold and all forms of government debt including paper money; Contention of the author that the only purpose served by the law is political; Impact if the law is repealed.

Focuses on dominion over money in the U.S. Information on a phrase written in a U.S. dollar bill; Difference between bank checks and paper money; Views of U.S. Senator Carter Glass on repudiation in the U.S. Congress.

Focuses on the development of machinery and devices for making paper from cotton stalks in the U.S. Identification of waste products used in the manufacturing of commercial paper; Growth of investment in paper mills; Increase in demand of paper products.

The article discusses the opening of the U.S. Library of Congress to the American people featuring the collection of Robert Todd Lincoln on his father's papers. This collection probably contains as many as 15,000 Lincoln documents. The bulk of these deal with the official business of his Presidency, and some may cast light into hitherto shadowed corners of his life.

Offers a look at the extent of air pollution in Lewiston, Idaho and Clarkston, Washington caused by the operation of the pulp mills of Potlatch Forest Industries. Information on a report from the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare based on environmental survey of the towns; Reaction of state agencies to the efforts of the federal government to address the problem; Health problems suffered by the population because of pollution.

Emphasizes the necessity for the public to participate in the scrap paper collection program of the U.S. government. Factors that will contribute to the increase in scrap paper; Improvements in the collection of scrap materials; Ways for the public to add to their scrap-paper contribution.

The article talks about the popularity of Origami in the U.S. Origami in Japanese is the art of folding paper. According to Lillian Oppenheimer, a pioneer enthusiast and founder of an Origami Center in New York City, the Japanese and Chinese have worked or played at it as a craft or game for nearly 2000 years--about as long as paper itself has been known.

The article presents several research papers relating to algorithms. The paper "Greatest Common Divisor of n Integers and Multipliers" presents an algorithm which calculates the greatest common divisor, IGCD, of n integers. Details of the method and comparisons to other algorithms are also given. The algorithm is a new version of the Euclidean algorithm for n integers. The n-1 calculations of the greatest common divisor of two integers is accomplished by means of a modified version of the Blankinship algorithm. The paper "Exponential Integral Ei (x)" presents the results of one phase of research carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under Contract NAS7-100, sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. It presents an algorithm which was compiled and executed without any modification on a UNIVAC 1108 computer. An unfortunate precedent has been set in several recent algorithms of using an illegal FORTRAN construction.

This article presents information on different newspapers, read by the people of the U.S. The article also presents an account of headlines and statements, published in these newspapers, regarding a controversy surrounding the students of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. One of the newspaper "San Francisco Chronicle," said that presidential candidate Adlai Stevenson quelled a pushing, pulling mob of Yale students by appealing to their pride as Yale men and Americans." As reader, Francis J. Carr, of Palo Alto, California observes: "The upshot of the whole affair was that apparently the Yale students were in a rather festive mood."

The article presents an exploration into the personality and political profile of the advisor Pat Moynihan to the administration of President Richard Nixon. Moynihan's views on poverty and the political responsibility of the government concerning them are discussed, highlighting comments written in the book "Republican Papers," by Melvin Laird.

The article discusses the conservation of paper as a way of helping in the development of a battleship by the U.S. Navy. The Navy uses sixteen tons of paper for the plans, designs and blueprints for a ship. The construction of a Flying Fortress takes 20,000 drawings. The restriction of paper use is a way of contributing to the war effort.

Focuses on the taxation of the income of U.S. President Richard Nixon. Announcement that Nixon would pay the taxes he owed to Internal Revenue Service and the Senate-House Joint Committee on Internal Revenue Taxation on his income during the first four years of his presidency; Information about the gross income of the president during that period; Details of deductions for a gift of his pre-presidential papers to the National Archives; Information about the valuation of donated papers by a professional appraiser.

Presents the investigation of taxes by U.S. President Richard M. Nixon. Overstatement made by the Nixon; Discussion of the donation of papers with former U.S. President Lyndon Johnson; Efforts of the Congress to close the tax loophole that allowed for the donating of deductible papers; Overview on the investigation; Estimation of the amount of possible deduction on tax returns of Nixon for four year, 1969 to 1972.

Focuses on the use of proceeds of wastepaper group collection to provide for entertainment needed by wounded U.S. servicemen and other military groups at war. Leisure supplies given by civilians through the Camp and Hospital Council of the American Red Cross; Pounds of paper that were collected by employees of Curtis Publishing Co. Efforts of the employees to gather paper to be converted into the war effort.

The article reports on the changes on the signature of the Treasurer of the United States on paper currencies. The signature in American paper currencies has been changed from Dorothy Andrews Elston to Dorothy Andrews Kabis. This change was made following the treasurer's marriage to W.L. Kabis in September.

The article presents information on various chapters of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) across the U.S. The Greater Rio Grande Chapter of ACM has recently extracted from its files a list of the titles of all technical papers presented at Chapter meetings since its inception in 1957. Using a program developed by D.K. Robbins of Sandia Corp., a KWIC-type listing of permuted titles of these papers has been made. This listing has been distributed to all members of the Chapter. Topics and speakers at ACM Chapters across the U.S. indicate the current trends of interest in computer science and data processing. The ACM Tidewater Chapter is sponsoring this spring a professional development course on "Real-Time Computing." The course is given by the Chapter's professional development chairman, Cecil Frost, who is applications staff specialist for Control Data Corp. At its April 21, 1966 meeting, the Westchester-Fairfield Chapter heard William Orchard-Hays speak on "Linear Programming of Computational Techniques."

Focuses on grand jury system investigating the leakage of secret documents from the U.S. Department of Defense. People accused of duplicating the Pentagon papers; Provisions related to secrecy of proceedings in the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure; Information that because Lynda Sinay, the woman who had allegedly helped duplicate the Pentagon Papers, testified before the grand jury, is free from possible prosecution.

The article reflects on wax coated, edible paper used in the printing of the revised edition of the U.S. Air Force's Manual 640-1 entitled "Survival." The author related the comments made by the Informational Bulletin of the Air Training Command, that the wax coating will enable a survivor to cause fire and the paper itself will assist in overcoming the pangs of hunger.

Presents information on criminal fraud committed by Ralph G. Newman, the appraiser of U.S. President Richard Nixon once tax-deductible gift of vice presidential papers. Change of statements by Newman; Investigation of the matter by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service; Reasons given by Newman for his earlier misstatements; Statement by Newman that he had reviewed his files and his activities pertaining to the Nixon gift.

Focuses on the implication of the disclosed Pentagon papers, which have been maneuvered by intelligence officer Daniel Ellsberg, for the administration of President Richard Nixon and the national security issues in the U.S. Opinion that pro-Democratic federal bureaucrats hostile to President Richard Nixon would be tempted to imitate Ellsberg and slip newsmen potentially embarrassing tips on domestic and national security policies; Views expressed by various politicians that this has been attempt to seal off any leaky spots in the government; Confirmation on future disclosures following the Ellsberg precedent; Impact of the administration's response on the Watergate investigation.

The article is a continuing part of papers on the life of U.S. politician Richard M. Nixon. It was August 1945 and World War II was ending and for the first time in six years Republicans dared turn their attention from the instant peril of Fascism toward the object of their first hatred the New Deal. At that moment, still in the uniform of a lieutenant commander, Nixon was handling contract termination work for the Navy in Baltimore. After joining politics Nixon had the good fortune to learn in his first campaign that there was a trick to winning elections.

The article focuses on a biography on U.S. President Richard M. Nixon by William Costello. When the editors of journal "The New Republic," asked Costello more than a year ago to undertake a definitive study of the Nixon record, they were not in search of pumpkin papers. Many of the particulars were already in print, but the full story had yet to be presented Costello, a Washington political reporter, is a respected veteran in all news media. Although his wide-ranging review of the Nixon career begins at the beginning with boyhood struggles and includes what is perhaps the first complete factual account of his record in Congress and the Vice Presidency, the focus is on Nixon as campaigner

The article presents information on the report "Outlook for Computer Process Control," prepared by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The report discusses the effects of computers on employment of office personnel. According to the report, no signs have been found of the long-feared technological unemployment caused by the use of computers. The BLS report covered applications in six process industries. They included: control of ammonia and ethylene processes in chemical plants; basic oxygen and hot strip mill operations in steel mills; catalytic cracking and reforming, and crude distillation units in petroleum refineries; electric generating equipment in power plants; and papermaking machines in paper plants. The study found that improved cost benefit ratios were the chief incentive for installation of process control at all survey plants. These outweighed heavy initial investments in time and money, ranging from $200,000 to $1,5 million, and from 2 to 21 years for individual projects.

This section presents news briefs related to the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) in the U.S. Editor-in-chief William S. Dorn is soliciting papers for the tutorial and survey journal of the ACM. The ACM has decided to reprint "Proceedings of the Decision Tables Symposium, 1926." Paul Armer of RAND Corp. was elected president of the American Federation of Information Processing Societies.

Presents the proposed standards for the shapes and sizes of alphanumeric characters and symbols to be used in Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems in the United States. Information on the specifications and quality' control criteria pertaining to individual OCR characters and marks; Specification that the printed character should present as high a contrast as possible to the background document; Presentation of paper characteristics and measurements.

The article presents news briefs for the week of March 13, 1965. Particular attention is given to the domestic and foreign policies of the U.S. Article topics include the U.S. State Department's White Paper on the Vietnam War, the United States dedication to fighting Communism, as well as discussion on a U.S. housing program which would provide jobs for Americans and aid those in need of home.

Examines the factors causing the closure of the daily newspapers in the U.S. Conspiracy of the publishers for greater mutual profit; Role of the advertisers in the publications; Claim that 75 to 80 percent of the total cost of delivery of a newspaper is paid for by advertisers who purchase white space in the paper at rates based largely on circulation.

This article presents news including foreign trade bill that was discussed during United States President John F. Kennedy's State of the Union address, other factors discussed in Kennedy's address, which reflects his 1961 pattern of relations with the U.S. Congress, and several hundred journalists in Los Angeles, California, who lost their newspaper jobs when two downtown papers went out of business.

The article discusses the efforts of the U.S. Treasury to convince people to utilize two-dollar bills in 1950. The agency launched a public-relations campaign to popularize the two-dollar bills several decades ago. The armed forces used a considerable number of two-dollar bills. According to the Treasury, the only thing wrong with two-dollar bills is that people do not like to accept them. Despite all efforts, the number of two-dollar notes in circulation has decreased 7,000,000 in the past three years.

The article focuses on the controversy involving Warren Gamaliel Harding, former President of the U.S. The "American Heritage" magazine has attempted to publish the controversial love letters between Harding and Marion, Ohio-resident Carrie Phillips. It is suggested that the controversial love letters should be preserved at a reputed library for the presidency record.

The article explores the industrial uses and potential applications of titanium metal. The metal can be found in the sands of the black beaches along the Atlantic coast in Florida and Oregon. The strength, lightness and hardness of titanium will benefit the U.S. Navy. The metal is an ideal material for the handles of kitchen pots and pans due to poor heat conductivity. It is also used to add whiteness and opacity to papers.

Reports on the role of U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) on domestic and foreign intelligence operations in national security. Inclusions of the undisclosed operations; Overview of the cases; Complications of the Plumbers' operations involving relationship with the CIA; Information that the White House was engaged in secret intelligence operations even before the publication of the Pentagon papers and other news leaks.

Highlights Hugo L. Black's position in the U.S., who has been a senior Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. Career background of Black; Constructional importance of Black's delivery of paper on "The Bill of Rights"; Comments of Black's on civil rights; Judicial expertise of Black and his observation on civil rights; Political debate and discussion on Black's "The Bill of Rights"; Assessment of Black's judicial decisions on various issues.

The article reports on developments concerning the activities of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) in the United States as of February 1971. ACM has responded to the dip in employment of computer professionals by initiating a program of professional placement seminars. Each seminar consists of three segments: a presentation by the seminar director; a panel discussion by placement and employer personnel followed by a question and answer period; and mock interview sessions conducted on an individual basis between panel members and attendees. Patrick C. Fischer has accepted from Editorial Board Chairman Eric Weiss appointment as Editor-in-Chief, Special Publications. Editor-in-Chief M. Stuart Lynn has announced that, to encourage interest in computer technology among college undergraduates, Communications will annually sponsor a Student Paper Competition.

The article reports that at the invitation of the U.S. Department of Commerce, Association for Computing Machinery has recently cosponsored a three-and-one-half day technical conference in Tokyo, in conjunction with Commerce's six-day exhibition of U.S. computer equipment. Computer '70 and the Computer '70 Colloquium, as the show and conference were called, were held at Tokyo's Harumi Pier, from October 12-14, 1970. Over 19,000 members of Japan's data processing community queued up to view at the open admission exhibition the products of 65 U.S. manufacturers. In addition, over 350 persons, most in key managerial and research positions, attended the Colloquium where, to defray expenses, attendance was on a fee basis--about $100 for the full conference and $25 for one day. Also participating in the seven half-day sessions were 27 U.S. computing experts and 10 leading Japanese professionals, whose papers were presented simultaneously in English and Japanese. The timeliness of the topics and the caliber of the participants can be recognized from the program.

Discusses the case where professor Samuel Popkin of Harvard University was jailed for not answering questions put forward by a grand jury that were deemed important by the United States. Information on the three questions that Popkin refused to answer; Statement that Popkin chose jail rather than answer the direct question of whether he had discussed the Pentagon Papers with scholar Daniel Ellsberg during the six months before their publication; Revelation that throughout the court proceedings leading up to Popkin's jailing, the prosecution had asserted that the grand jury was investigating in good faith into the commission of federal crimes, and that the questions it was asking were necessary steps in that investigation; View that the Popkin case boils down to another illustration of the trend in the current Department of Justice to arrogate to itself unreviewable powers.