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Due to the arbitrary motion patterns in practical video, annoying artifacts cased by the registration error often appears in the super resolution outcome. This paper proposes a spatial-temporal motion compensation based super resolution fusion method (STMC) for video after explicit motion estimation between a few neighboring frames. We first register the neighboring low resolution frames to proper positions in the high resolution frame, and then use the registered low resolution information as non-local redundancy to compensate the surrounding positions which have no or a few registered low resolution pixels. Experimental results indicate the proposed method can effectively reduce the artifacts cased by the motion estimation error with obvious performance improvement in both PSNR and visual effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a novel method for noise reduction in medical images based on concepts of the Non-Local Means algorithm. The main objective has been to develop a method that optimizes the processing speed to achieve practical applicability without compromising the quality of the resulting images. A database consisting of prototypes, composed of pixel neighborhoods originating from several images of similar motif, has been created. By using a dedicated data structure, here Locality Sensitive Hashing (LSH), fast access to appropriate prototypes is granted. Experimental results show that the proposed method can be used to provide noise reduction with high quality results in a fraction of the time required by the Non-local Means algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fact that the title of this chapter bears the name of a European monarch is fully significant. The Congo was a political entity brought into being on African soil completely by the will of one man, and that man – who never visited his dominion – governed it from his residence in Europe in a completely autocratic way. The Congo Independent State (Etat indépendant du Congo), under the personal government of King Leopold, lasted from 1885 to 1908. In 1908, it was annexed by Belgium and became a Belgian colony, the ‘Belgian Congo’. Well before 1908, however, the term ‘Belgian Congo’ was very often used by foreign writers. This can readily be understood when one considers the way in which the Independent State appeared to them. The sovereign of the state, they thought, was the King of the Belgians, who was, as everyone knew, ardently devoted to Belgian interests. The central services of the state were located in Brussels, and all its officials were Belgian. As for the Congo itself – in the administration, in the army, and in the courts - the essential role was played by Belgians, particularly by officers of the Belgian army assigned to African service. Even the religious missions – at any rate those of the Catholics, which were most favoured by the state – almost all had a markedly Belgian character. How, in such circumstances, could contemporaries have failed to come to speak naturally of a ‘Belgian Congo’? Nevertheless, the usage was quite improper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]