Search

Magnetochemistry is the study of the effect of magnetic fields on chemical reactions. The subject received its name in the early 20th century but the search for such an influence began one century earlier. In the very beginning of the 19th century, after the invention of Volta's pile and before the discovery of electromagnetism, several researchers were looking for effects of magnets on chemical reactions. One of the reasons behind this search was the evident analogy between electricity (or galvanism) and magnetism. Volta's pile and magnets have opposite poles that exhibit attraction or repulsion. Were there any other equivalent properties? As Volta's device could produce chemical effects, several authors expected to find similar influences of magnetism. However, as this paper will attempt to show, there were other grounds for this investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Giuseppe Occhialini treated mathematics with limited deference but was a master in conducting experiments, which revealed essential issues resulting from the observation of nature. His role in the training of the first generation of Brazilian physicists at the recently created Universidade de São Paulo (USP) was an important one. The study of cosmic rays, which at the time was considered an area of very high-energy nuclear physics, fascinated experimental and theoretical physicists at the university. Since cosmic rays are present anywhere in nature and since it is possible to detect them at any altitude, research in this area could be conducted in small laboratories at any location, and with limited financial resources. It was therefore well suited to Brazil's economic-financial reality and research could be conducted at a similar level to that of other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Drosophila wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART; also known as the wing spot test) provides a rapid means to assess the potential of a chemical to induce loss of heterozygosity (LOH) resulting from gene mutation, chromosomal rearrangement, chromosome breakage, or chromosome loss. This bioassay makes use of the wing-cell recessive markers multiple wing hairsmwh, 3-0.3) and flare (flr3, 3-38.8) in transheterozygous mwh +/+ flr3 animals. When a genetic alteration is induced in a mitotically dividing cell of a developing wing disc, it may give rise to a clone(s) of mwh and/or flr3 cells (i.e., a "spot") visible on the wing surface of the adult fly. The total number of clones induced in a group of chemically treated flies gives quantitative data concerning the whole genotoxic activity of a compound, whereas the types of clone can reveal the mutational mechanisms involved in clone production. Variations on the SMART system described in this chapter have been used to measure frequencies of spontaneous LOH in mutants defective in meiotic recombination and disjunction, DNA repair, and cell proliferation (1-3). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The poem "The Table," by Carlos Drummond de Andrade and translated by Elizabeth Bishop is presented. First Line: And you never liked parties... Last Line: empty.

The poem "Travelling in the Family," by Carlos Drummond de Andrade and translated by Elizabeth Bishop is presented. First Line: In the desert of Itabira; Last Line: the family, Itabira, all.

The poem "Family Portrait," by Carlos Drummond de Andrade and translated by Elizabeth Bishop is presented. First Line: Yes, this family portrait; Last Line: travelling through the flesh.

The poem "Improvisation of the Dead Boy," Mário de Andrade, translated by Richard Eberhart is presented. First Line: Dead, gently he lies on the flowers of the coffin. Last Line: Oh, depart, for I no longer know you!"

The poem "In the Middle of the Road," by Carlos Drummond de Andrade and translated by Elizabeth Bishop is presented. First Line: In the middle of the road there was a stone; Last Line: in the middle of the road there was a stone.

The poem "Seven-Sided Poem," by Carlos Drummond de Andrade and translated by Elizabeth Bishop is presented. First Line: When I was born, one of the crooked; Last Line: play the devil with one's emotions.

The poem "Infancy," by Carlos Drummond de Andrade and translated by Elizabeth Bishop is presented. First Line: My father got on his horse and went to the field. Last Line: was prettier than that of Robinson Crusoe.

The poem "Don't Kill Yourself," by Carlos Drummond de Andrade and translated by Elizabeth Bishop is presented. First Line: Carlos, keep calm, love; Last Line: nobody knows nor shall know.

The poem "Advertisement," by Oswald de Andrade, translated by Jean R. Longland is presented. First Line: Says the dainty actress; Last Line: in the United States of Brazil.

The poem "Epitaph," by Oswald de Andrade, translated by Jean R. Longland is presented. First Line: I am round, round; Last Line: Thinking of the roundel.

The poem "Funeral Procession," by Oswald de Andrade, translated by Jean R. Longland is presented. First Line: The Veronica extends her arms; Last Line: full of lighted hills.

The poem "National Library," by Oswald de Andrade, translated by Jean R. Longland is presented. First Line: The Abandoned Child; Last Line: The Pole in Flames.