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This chapter demonstrates the quantum private communication in practical communication systems. Four situations, including the fiber-based quantum private communication, free-space quantum private communication, quantum Internet networks, and applications of the quantum private communication in mobile communications, are described. Finally, problems and challenges for the practical quantum private communication are remarked. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This chapter introduces how to implement the quantum private communication using continuous variable signals. Key components for the private communication system including continuous variable signal sources, quantum modulation, quantum signal transmission and detection are described. Then, typical ways for protecting confidentiality and authentication with the coherent state and squeezed state are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The physical implementation of the quantum private communication is an important issue. This chapter introduces how to implement experimentally the private communication in quantum ways using single photon signals. Core techniques such as the single photon signal generation, transmission, detection, and discrete-variable qubit preparation are introduced. Then several experimental systems for the quantum private communication are exemplified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the quantum private communication, the identity authentication, message verification, and channel authentication are involved. The identity authentication ensures authenticity of communicators, the message verification guarantees real originator and integrality of the transmitted message, and the channel authentication verifies perfectness of the employed channel. These functions can be implemented using message authentication codes, identity authentication protocols, signature schemes, or channel authentication schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This chapter investigates how to protect the confidentiality of the quantum private communication. By analogy with the classic cryptosystem, a notion called quantum cryptosystem is presented. Three kinds of quantum cryptosystems are described. One is the well known quantum Vernam cipher, the second is the quantum block cryptosystem, and the last is the quantum public-key cryptosystem. These cryptosystems are employed to protect the private message so that the attacker cannot obtain available information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The key management which is associated with the key generation, key distribution, key storage, and key updating has become an important issue in the private communication. This chapter introduces a novel approach of generating and distributing key-pair via quantum ways. The aim is to illustrate how to obtain secure keys via quantum key distribution (QKD) techniques. Four modules, i.e., the quantum coding, quantum transmission, eavesdropping detection and key distillation, of a QKD procedure are described. In addition, a security model for the QKD is established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bit is a basic notion in the information science and has been widely used in the computation, communication, and information processing. By analogy with the definition of the classic bit, this chapter defines definitely the so-called quantum bit which plays an important role in the quantum information processing. Then, physical properties, mathematical properties, and information properties of the quantum bit are described in detail. In addition, the transformation of qubits is discussed using typical quantum logic gates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This chapter devotes to building a security infrastructure for the quantum private communication. To reach this aim, some fundamental subjects including quantum mechanics, quantum information theory and quantum complexity theory are introduced. Of these fundamental subjects, the quantum mechanics is the cornerstone. With these fundamental subjects, a security theory for the quantum private communication is built. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction on the quantum private communication is presented. Issues including security requirements of the modern communication, overview of the quantum private communication, and relationships among the quantum private communication and other disciplines are addressed. In addition, a communication model for the quantum private communication is built by analogy with the Shannon private communication model. Finally, some key notations and notions for the private communication are introduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A secure quantum broadcasting scheme is proposed by means of a secure quantum lock, which is implemented by the legal communicators using the the generators of the stabilizer of a stabilizer quantum code (SQC). The advantages of the proposed scheme for the designed lock is that it can be implemented in the noisily broadcasting channel. Based on physics of the quantum system, the secret messages are broadcasted to the legal users in the noisy environments with unconditionally security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]