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EPDF and EPUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. This edited volume discusses the methodological and ethical challenges that researchers are currently facing whilst attempting to document the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Gypsy, Roma and Traveller communities throughout Europe.

The special issue of Romani Studies entitled “Romani people as object and subject of scientific inquiry: Scientification of Roma or RomaNization of science?” brings forward innovative approaches to critically revise the most disseminated epistemic platforms for studying the past and the presence of Romani people. This collection should be accepted as a step to overcoming the contemporary epistemic crisis in studying minorities which stems from opposition of two extremes, namely, relegating the specifics of social groups on the margins of research interest in order to avoid the risk of essentialization and privileging the voices of those on “periphery” as the exclusively endowed with the right to produce knowledge. Instead struggling with this clearly false dilemma, we offer the range of highly contextualized cases of epistemic neglect or injustice that Romani people expose and the strategies to reestablish justice in producing knowledge regarding this group., Die Sonderausgabe von Romani Studies mit dem Titel „Roma als Objekt und Subjekt wissenschaftlicher Forschung: Verwissenschaftlichung der Roma oder RomaNisierung der Wissenschaft?“ stellt innovative Ansätze vor, um die am weitesten verbreiteten epistemischen Plattformen zur Erforschung der Vergangenheit und Gegenwart der Roma kritisch zu überarbeiten. Diese Sammlung sollte als ein Schritt zur Überwindung der gegenwärtigen epistemischen Krise bei der Erforschung von Minderheiten angesehen werden, die aus dem Gegensatz zweier Extreme resultiert, nämlich der Verbannung der Besonderheiten sozialer Gruppen an den Rand des Forschungsinteresses, um das Risiko einer Essentialisierung und Privilegierung der Minderheiten zu vermeiden Stimmen derjenigen an der „Peripherie“, die ausschließlich das Recht haben, Wissen zu produzieren. Anstatt mit diesem offensichtlich falschen Dilemma zu kämpfen, bieten wir eine Reihe stark kontextualisierter Fälle epistemischer Vernachlässigung oder Ungerechtigkeit an, die Roma aufdecken, und die Strategien zur Wiederherstellung der Gerechtigkeit bei der Wissensproduktion über diese Gruppe.

This book, designed as a resource for scholars, educators, activists and non-specialist readers, presents the results of new research on the role of Romani groups in European culture and society since the nineteenth century. Its specific focus is on the ways in which Romani actors, in their interactions with non-Romanies, have contributed to shaping Europe’s public spaces. Twelve chapters recount the experiences and accomplishments of individuals and families, from across Europe (England, France, Spain, Germany, Poland, Hungary, Romania and Finland) and Canada. All based on new research, and maintaining a focus on the real lives and activities of Romani people rather than on the perspective of the majority societies, these studies exemplify the creative presence of Romani people in the fields of politics, economics and culture. We see them as writers, artists and performers, political activists and resistance fighters, traders and entrepreneurs, circus and cinema managers and purveyors of popular science. Sensitive to the ambivalent position from which Roma act, the cases are linked and contextualized by a general introduction and by section introductions written by leading scholars of Romani studies with expertise in history, ethnography, musicology, literary and discourse studies and visual culture. The volume is richly illustrated, including many images that have never been published before, and includes an extensive bibliography / guide to further reading. Contributors to the volume: Begoña Barrera, Beatriz Carrillo de los Reyes, Malte Gasche, Paweł Lechowski, Anna G. Piotrowska, Laurence Prempain, Juan Pro, Eve Rosenhaft, Carolina García Sanz, María Sierra, and Tamara West.

This book presents a socio-legal enquiry into the civic marginalisation of Roma in Europe. Instead of looking only at Roma’s position as migrants, an ethnic minority or a socio-economically disadvantage group, it considers them as European citizens, questioning why they are typically used to describe exceptionalities of citizenship in developed liberal democracies rather than as evidence for how problematic the conceptualisation of citizenship is at its core. Developing novel theoretical concepts, such as the fringes of citizenship and the invisible edges of citizenship, the book investigates a variety of topics around citizenship, including migration and free movement, statelessness and school segregation, as well as how marginalised minorities respond to such predicaments. It argues that while Roma are unique as a minority, the treatment that marginalises them is not. This is demonstrated by comparing their position to that of other marginalised minorities around the globe.

The publication of this outstanding book marks the beginning of the Brill book series Roma History and Culture. The core of the present volume is an until now unpublished manuscript by Shakir Pashov (1898-1981), a Bulgarian Roma activist whose name continues to be surrounded by rumours and myths. The volume includes the original manuscript of Shakir Pashov on the history of the Gypsies in Europe, followed by archival documents highlighting his life and work, and the text of the first booklet devoted to him, which was the first attempt to create a Roma historical narrative. There is also included an extended biography of Shakir Pashov as known by now. The book contributes to identifying and highlighting the numerous inputs Roma have had to shape their activism and popularise their historical knowledge. Pashov's manuscript is a prominent example of these efforts.

This is the first monograph on the history of the Rudari people of Romania and the first mapping of their settlements. The Rudari are a population which has traditionally inhabited the Balkan area and much of Central Europe. Many of them do not know the Romani language but speak Romanian dialects and today make a living out of carving wooden household items, although their Slavic name alludes to mining. Indeed, the Rudari were for centuries gold-prospectors and gold-washers working for the Crown of Wallachia and were administrated as slaves by a monastery situated on the auriferous Olt river. The authors have reconstructed the fascinating history of this ethnic group for a period of 500 years until the 19th century when gold-panning went in decline due to the exhaustion of the reserves of alluvial gold.

Antiziganism is a common phenomenon on the big screen. To examine this issue from various perspectives, acclaimed scholars and junior researchers, filmmakers and human rights activists, both Roma and non-Roma, gathered in Berlin in 2018 and presented their research output, shared personal testimonies and discussed films at the international conference “Antigypsyism and Film“. The present bilingual volume is a documentation of the conference proceedings. It contains academic articles and essays as well as interviews with filmmakers grouped in four thematic sections: antigypsyism in film, the question of ethics, strategies of subversion and antigypsyism in comparison to other forms of racism.; Antiziganismus ist Normalität auf der großen Leinwand. Um dieses Problem aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven zu untersuchen, versammelten sich Wissenschaftler und Nachwuchsforscher, Filmemacher und Menschenrechtsaktivisten – Roma wie Nicht-Roma – 2018 in Berlin zu einer internationalen Tagung: “Antiziganismus und Film“. Sie präsentierten ihre Forschungsergebnisse, teilten persönliche Zeugnisse und diskutierten Filme. Der vorliegende zweisprachige Band dokumentiert diese in ihrer Form bisher einzigartige Tagung. Der Tagungsband umfasst wissenschaftliche Artikel und Essays sowie Interviews mit Filmemachern, unterteilt in vier thematische Abschnitte: Antiziganismus im Film, Fragen der Ethik, Strategien der Subversion und Antiziganismus im Verhältnis zu anderen Ressentiments.

The book examines some of the dilemmas surrounding Europe’s open borders, migrations, and identities through the prism of the Roma – Europe’s most dispersed and socially marginalised population. The volume challenges some of the myths surrounding the Roma as a ‘problem population’, and places the focus instead on the context of European policy and identity debates. It comes to the conclusion that the migration of Roma and the constitution of their communities is shaped by European policy as much as, and often more so, than by the cultural traits of the Roma themselves. The chapters compare case studies of Roma migrants in Spain, Italy, France, and Britain and the impact of migration on the origin communities in Romania. The study combines historical and ethnographic methods with insights from migration studies, drawing on a unique multi-site collaborative project that for the first time gave Roma participants a voice in shaping research into their communities.

"""... in recent years, the scholarly preoccupation with so many aspects of the history, culture, language of the Roma has reached a level that was hardly imaginable two or three decades ago. ... the academic ivory tower has never existed as far as the Roma studies are concerned, because whoever researches Roma also does it to be able in his own way to portray the fatal and dangerous image that the public has long made of the Roma. to correct and disseminate knowledge that affects society. "" (Karl-Markus Gauss, preface The editors provide a broad overview of the social position of Roma, Yeniche and Travelers in Austria and in some other European countries. Living conditions and life contexts, languages ​​and cultural productions are just as much a topic as committed rebellion and organized visualization of these minorities (""minorities"" in the words of Ceija Stojka). Well-known scientists from various disciplines and activists have networked for this purpose, participated in workshops, lectures and conferences at the University of Innsbruck and make their decades of experience and research results available for this anthology.", "„… in den letzten Jahren hat die wissenschaftliche Beschäftigung mit so vielen Aspekten der Geschichte, Kultur, Sprache der Roma ein Niveau erreicht, das vor zwei, drei Jahrzehnten noch kaum vorstellbar war. … den akademischen Elfenbeinturm hat es, was die Roma-Studien betrifft, nie gegeben, denn wer immer über Roma forscht, tut es auch, um auf seine Weise das fatale und gefährliche Bild, das sich die Öffentlichkeit von den Roma so lange gemacht hat, zu korrigieren, und Wissen zu verbreiten, das in die Gesellschaft hinauswirkt.“ (Karl-Markus Gauß, Vorwort Die Herausgeberinnen bieten einen breiten Überblick über die gesellschaftliche Position von Roma, Jenischen und Travellers in Österreich und in einigen anderen europäischen Staaten. Lebensverhältnisse und Lebenszusammenhänge, Sprachen und kulturelle Produktionen sind ebenso Thema wie engagiertes Aufbegehren und organisiertes Sichtbarwerden dieser Minderheiten („Wenigerheiten“ mit den Worten von Ceija Stojka). Namhafte WissenschafterInnen aus unterschiedlichen Disziplinen und AktivistInnen haben sich zu diesem Zweck vernetzt, beteiligten sich an Workshops, Lehrveranstaltungen und Tagungen an der Universität Innsbruck und stellen ihre zum Teil jahrzehntelangen Erfahrungen und Forschungsergebnisse für diesen Sammelband zur Verfügung."

Das Europa nach 1989 ist geprägt von neuen Mustern der kulturellen und ethnischen Exklusion sowie des Rechtsextremismus: Neue Konstellationen von (Alltags-)Rassismen sind die Folge der politischen und gesellschaftlichen Veränderungen der letzten 20 Jahre - etwa des Zerfalls der Sowjetunion und des Ostblocks, der Erweiterung der Europäischen Union und der Migration vom Osten und Süden nach Westen und Norden. In diesem Buch werden interdisziplinäre Zugänge zur Rassismusforschung, einzelne Fallstudien (vor allem aus Deutschland und dem östlichen Europa) sowie praktische Beispiele aus der Rassismusprävention vereint, die den veränderten gesellschaftlichen Bedingungen Rechnung tragen.

Die Entstehung von Großstädten ist kein Novum der letzten drei Jahrhunderte. Auch im griechisch-römischen Kulturraum gab es bereits Millionenstädte, die in struktureller, kultureller und sozialer Hinsicht heutigen Großstädten durchaus vergleichbar waren. Aber hielt diese besondere Form menschlichen Zusammenlebens auch Einzug in die Literatur ihrer Zeit? Ohne Zweifel wurde in den Dichtungen der augusteischen und kaiserzeitlichen Epoche eine Großstadt wiederholt zum Ort der Literatur gewählt: die Hauptstadt Rom. Die vorliegende Untersuchung geht der Frage nach, inwieweit die Großstadt mit ihren (spezifischen) räumlichen Merkmalen in den zeitgenössischen Werken thematisiert wird und wie die lateinischen Autoren sich zu ihr als einem eigenen literarischen Gegenstand positionieren.

Thirty years passed before it was accepted, in West Germany and elsewhere, that the Roma (Germany's Gypsies) had been Holocaust victims. And, similarly, it took thirty years for the West German state to admit that the sterilisation of Roma had been part of the 'Final Solution'. Drawing on a substantial body of previously unseen sources, this book examines the history of the struggle of Roma for recognition as racially persecuted victims of National Socialism in post-war Germany. Since modern academics belatedly began to take an interest in them, the Roma have been described as 'forgotten victims'. This book looks at the period in West Germany between the end of the War and the beginning of the Roma civil rights movement in the early 1980s, during which the Roma were largely passed over when it came to compensation. The complex reasons for this are at the heart of this book.

This book presents the results of research carried out by the author over the three years of the PhD in Landscape Design at Florence University. The first part of the work focuses on the theoretical and methodological aspects of the study of the agricultural landscape and the description of its component elements, the process of its formation and the evolution of its structure. The second part represents a practical application of these observations, with an original elaboration of the relations that have given rise to the various types of agricultural landscape into which the Roman countryside can be broken down. In short, the scope of the research is to set into relation a cognitive model of the agrarian landscape with a specific territorial framework rich in emblematic landscape situations, setting itself the objective of testing the feasibility of the application of individual interpretations and proposals, and of reappraising the role of the agrarian landscape within the current process of environmental and landscape redevelopment., Il volume presenta i risultati della ricerca condotta dall'autrice durante i tre anni del Dottorato in "Progettazione Paesistica" di Firenze. La prima parte del lavoro è incentrata sugli aspetti teorici e metodologici dello studio del paesaggio agrario e sulla descrizione dei suoi elementi componenti, dei suoi processi formativi, dell'evoluzione della sua struttura. La seconda parte è un'applicazione pratica di quanto rilevato, con un'elaborazione originale delle relazioni che danno origine alle diverse tipologie di paesaggi agrari secondo le quali è oggi possibile articolare la campagna romana. In sintesi la ricerca ha voluto mettere in relazione un modello conoscitivo riferito al paesaggio agrario con un quadro territoriale specifi co ricco di situazioni paesistiche emblematiche, ponendosi l'obiettivo di saggiare la fattibilità dell'applicazione delle chiavi di lettura individuate e proposte, e di rivalutare il ruolo del paesaggio agrario all'interno dell'attuale processo di riqualifi cazione ambientale e paesistica.