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This paper proposes a personalized re-ranking of URLs returned by a search engine using user΄s browsing behaviors. Our personalization method constructs an index of the anchor text retrieved from the web pages that the user has clicked during his/her past searches. We propose a weight computation method that assigns different values to anchor texts according to user΄s browsing behaviors such as `clicking` or `downloading`. Experiment results show that our method can be practical for saving surfing time and effort to find users΄ preferred web pages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Universal design is considerably analogous to ergonomic design in a way that it takes the capabilities and limitations of users into consideration during the product development process. However, relatively few studies have been devoted to reflect the practical use of ergonomic principles on universal design. This research attempts to develop a universal design evaluation index for mobile phone design to quantify how well a product complies to the principles of universal design. The research also emphasizes on ergonomic principles as a basis of evaluation. A generation of the evaluation lists was done by cross-checking among the personal, activity and product components. Personal components consist of human characteristics including age, physique, perceptual capacity, life style, etc. Activity components were derived from the scenarios of mobile phone use while product components were composed of the parts to which a user interacts. A universal design index was generated systematically from the relationship matrices among the three components. The index was then used to test its suitability by applying it to the evaluation of mobile phones currently on the market. This study demonstrates a development process through which evaluations can be made possible for universal design. The research suggests an improved approach to the appraisal of how well mobile phones are universally designed based on ergonomic principles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]