This article focuses on an objection raised against the discussion of religion and science, in the book "The Elementary Forms of Religious Life," by Emile Durkheim. Durkheim's emphasis on religion as a form of action as well as thought has two important ideas. The first was the ritual theory of myth, inspired by sociologist Robertson Smith and later applied to the study of classical antiquity by the Cambridge Ritualists. The second, which Durkheim owed to sociologist William James, was that religious beliefs are not illusory, but rather rest upon concrete experiences like those of the sciences. But Durkheim then encountered an objection. The objection was that if religion is the effect of real, social causes, does it reflect these causes in such an idealized form? Durkheim took this objection seriously, and his answer was decisive for his sociology of religion. Briefly, when the cult gathers, it arouses a state of collective effervescence that alters the conditions of psychic life, arousing stronger sensations and more active passions.