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16. Modeling Tools

Author

Paczyński, Jerzy, primary, Makowski, Marek, additional, and Wierzbicki, Andrzej P., additional

Published
2000
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27. Virtual Laboratories.

Author

Kacprzyk, Janusz, Nakamori, Yoshiteru, Makowski, Marek, and Wierzbicki, Andrzej P.

Abstract

The term virtual laboratory consists of two words that might appear, for many readers, to have contradictory characteristics. Thus, we shall first explain why we use this term. A laboratory is most commonly understood as a place equipped for scientific research, experiments, and testing. Until the proliferation of Internet, a laboratory was associated with a work site (from a dedicated room to a complex of buildings) at a single location. At universities, laboratory also can mean either a practical component accompanying a lecture, or a classroom where practical demonstrations and exercises take place. Scientific laboratories (particularly in engineering, physics, chemistry, and medicine) are characterised by a controlled uniformity of procedures and conditions (such as cleanliness, temperature, humidity) as well as by sophisticated instruments necessary for advanced studies. Because laboratories have been considered a basic element supporting scientific research, the word laboratory also has acquired a metaphorical organisational meaning: it might refer to an elementary division of a scientific organisation, or a part of a faculty or a school devoted to a specific field of research. This metaphorical meaning is frequently used, for example, in Japanese universities. In this chapter we discuss the meaning of a laboratory in its more traditional sense. However, in all these situations the word laboratory is commonly associated with being a real place as well as being thoroughly defined and organised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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