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Atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation are two of the most common arrhythmias seen in clinical practice and the most common indications for referral for catheter ablation. While they are historically grouped together, research over the past 20 years has shown that atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation are distinct arrhythmias with different electrophysiological mechanisms. This review will consider the development of and current approach to catheter ablation of atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]